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Ma L, Sun Y, Liu B, Shi Y, Luo C, Cheng Y, Wang W, Fang Y, Huang L, Ali U, Zhang J, Chen J, Ju P. Andrographolide exhibits antinociceptive effects in neuropathic rats via inhibiting class Ⅱ MHC associated response and regulating synaptic plasticity. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 132:155823. [PMID: 38941815 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2024.155823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/30/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neuropathic pain (NP) due to nerve injury, disrupts neural plasticity by triggering the release of inflammatory mediators. Alongside the hypothesis that neuro-inflammation contributes to this disruption, Andrographolide (Andro), a traditional bioactive compound derived from Andrographis paniculata, has garnered attention for its potent anti-inflammatory properties. However, whether Andro could ameliorate NP by regulating neuroinflammation remains unknown. PURPOSE This study aimed to investigate whether and how Andro regulates neuroinflammation and alleviates NP. METHODS The analgesic effects of Andro on NP were evaluated using both the spinal nerve ligation (SNL) and formalin rat models. A combination of network pharmacology, RNA sequencing, and experimental validation was employed to elucidate the underlying mechanism behind Andro's analgesic effects. Additionally, various techniques such as functional ultrasound, immunohistochemistry, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), patch clamp, and electron microscopy were employed to investigate the specific neural cell types, neural functions, and changes in neural plasticity influenced by Andro. RESULTS Network pharmacology analysis unveiled the crucial roles played by shared targets of Andro and pain in regulating pain-related inflammation, including microglia activation, neuroinflammation, immune modulation, and synaptic transmission. Furthermore, we confirmed Andro's superior efficacy in pain relief compared to the traditional analgesic drug, Gabapentin. In these models, Andro was observed to modulate the haemodynamic response triggered by SNL. Transcriptome analysis and molecular docking studies indicated the involvement of major histocompatibility complex class II (MHCII) genes (Db1, Da, and Bb). Electron microscopy revealed improvements in synaptic ultrastructure, and electrophysiological investigations showed a selective reduction in glutamatergic transmission in neuropathic rats after following Andro treatment. The integration of systems pharmacology analysis and biological validation collectively demonstrated that the mechanism of pain relief involves immune modulation, enhancement of synaptic plasticity, and precise regulation of excitatory neurotransmission. CONCLUSION In conclusion, this study has demonstrated that Andro, by targeting MHCII genes, may serve as a promising therapeutic candidate for neuropathic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le Ma
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Mental Health, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Ying Sun
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Mental Health, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Bingxun Liu
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan, China
| | - Yu Shi
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Chao Luo
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Mental Health, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Ying Cheng
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Mental Health, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Weidi Wang
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Mental Health, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Yu Fang
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Mental Health, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Lixuan Huang
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Mental Health, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Usman Ali
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology and Biophysics, School of Medicine, Boston University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Jianming Zhang
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Mental Health, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai, PR China.
| | - Jianhua Chen
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Mental Health, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai, PR China; Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China; Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China.
| | - Peijun Ju
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Mental Health, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai, PR China.
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Paquette T, Eskandari N, Leblond H, Piché M. Spinal neurovascular coupling is preserved despite time-dependent alterations of spinal cord blood flow responses in a rat model of chronic back pain: implications for functional spinal cord imaging. Pain 2023; 164:758-770. [PMID: 36036900 DOI: 10.1097/j.pain.0000000000002762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Functional magnetic resonance imaging has been used to investigate nociceptive processes in patients with chronic pain. However, the results may be confounded with changes in neurovascular coupling induced by chronic pain. The objective of this study was to examine spinal neurovascular coupling in a rat model of chronic back pain induced by muscle inflammation. Rats received 150 µL intramuscular injections of either complete Freund adjuvant (CFA: n = 18) or saline (control [CTL]: n = 18) in L5-L6 paravertebral muscles. Under 1.2% isoflurane anesthesia, spinal cord blood flow (SCBF) and local field potentials evoked by electrical stimulation of the sciatic nerve were recorded simultaneously in the lumbar enlargement of the spinal cord, 14 or 28 days after the injections. Mechanical hypersensitivity was observed in CFA rats compared with CTL rats for the back ( P < 0.001) and hind paws ( P < 0.01). Spinal cord blood flow response amplitude and local field potential amplitude were not significantly different between groups (day 14: P > 0.5; day 28: P > 0.6). However, the time course of SCBF responses was different between groups on day 14 ( P < 0.001) and day 28 ( P < 0.001). Nevertheless, neurovascular coupling was comparable between groups on days 14 and 28, whether neurovascular coupling was calculated with the amplitude or the area under the curve of SCBF responses (all P > 0.2). These results indicate that spinal hemodynamic changes reflect neuronal activity in this animal model, although the time course of SCBF responses is affected by chronic inflammatory back pain. This warrants a careful use of spinal functional magnetic resonance imaging in animal models and patients with chronic back pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thierry Paquette
- Department of Anatomy, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, QC, Canada
- CogNAC Research Group, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, QC, Canada
| | - Nasim Eskandari
- Department of Anatomy, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, QC, Canada
- CogNAC Research Group, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, QC, Canada
| | - Hugues Leblond
- Department of Anatomy, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, QC, Canada
- CogNAC Research Group, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, QC, Canada
| | - Mathieu Piché
- Department of Anatomy, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, QC, Canada
- CogNAC Research Group, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, QC, Canada
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Saberfard D, Sarchahi AA, Mehrjerdi HK. Effect of medetomidine, midazolam, ketamine, propofol and isoflurane on spinal reflexes in healthy dogs. Vet Med Sci 2022; 8:2351-2359. [DOI: 10.1002/vms3.938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Donya Saberfard
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Ferdowsi University of Mashhad Mashhad Iran
| | - Ali Asghar Sarchahi
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences Ferdowsi University of Mashhad Mashhad Iran
| | - Hossein Kazemi Mehrjerdi
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences Ferdowsi University of Mashhad Mashhad Iran
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Li J, Tang H, Tu W. Mechanism of dexmedetomidine preconditioning on spinal cord analgesia in rats with functional chronic visceral pain. Acta Cir Bras 2022; 37:e370203. [PMID: 35507967 PMCID: PMC9064187 DOI: 10.1590/acb370203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: To analyze the effect and mechanism of dexmedetomidine (DEX) analgesia pretreatment on functional chronic visceral pain in rats. Methods: Rats were divided into six groups: W1, W2, W3, W4, W5, and W6. The behavioral changes and electrophysiological indexes of rats in each group before and after DEX treatment were detected. Results: The levels of abdominal withdrawal reflex (AWR) in W5 and W6 groups were significantly lower than those in group W3, while the levels of thermal withdrawal latency (TWL) and mechanical withdrawal threshold (MWT) were significantly higher than those in group W3 (p < 0.05). The electromyographic signals of W1, W5, and W6 groups showed little fluctuation, while those of groups W2, W3, and W4 showed obvious fluctuation. TLR4 mRNA expression, IRF3, P65, and phosphorylation levels in W4, W5, and W6 groups were significantly lower than those in group W2 (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Dexmedetomidine epidural anesthesia pretreatment could significantly inhibit visceral pain response in rats with functional chronic visceral pain, and its mechanism was related to the activation of TLR4 in spinal dorsal horn tissue of rats and the activation inhibition of IRF3 and P65 in the downstream key signals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Li
- Southern Medical University, China
| | - Huizhong Tang
- People’s Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Weifeng Tu
- General Hospital of Southern Theatre Command, China
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Tokunaga R, Paquette T, Tsurugizawa T, Leblond H, Piché M. Fasting prevents medetomidine-induced hyperglycaemia and alterations of neurovascular coupling in the somatosensory cortex of the rat during noxious stimulation. Eur J Neurosci 2021; 54:4906-4919. [PMID: 34137097 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.15350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2021] [Revised: 05/30/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Medetomidine and isoflurane are commonly used for general anaesthesia in fMRI studies, but they alter cerebral blood flow (CBF) regulation and neurovascular coupling (NVC). In addition, medetomidine induces hypoinsulinemia and hyperglycaemia, which also alter CBF regulation and NVC. Furthermore, sudden changes in arterial pressure induced by noxious stimulation may affect NVC differently under medetomidine and isoflurane anaesthesia, considering their different effects on vascular functions. The first objective of this study was to compare NVC under medetomidine and isoflurane anaesthesia during noxious stimulation. The second objective was to examine whether fasting may improve NVC by reducing medetomidine-induced hyperglycaemia. In male Wister rats, noxious electrical stimulation was applied to the sciatic nerve in fasted or non-fasted animals. CBF and local field potentials (LFP) were recorded in the somatosensory cortex to assess NVC (CBF/LFP ratio). The CBF/LFP ratio was increased by medetomidine compared with isoflurane (p = 0.004), but this effect was abolished by fasting (p = 0.8). Accordingly, medetomidine produced a threefold increase in blood glucose (p < 0.001), but this effect was also abolished by fasting (p = 0.3). This indicates that isoflurane and medetomidine anaesthesia alter NVC differently, but the undesirable glucose dependent effects of medetomidine on NVC can be prevented by fasting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryota Tokunaga
- Department of Anatomy, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, Quebec, Canada
| | - Thierry Paquette
- Department of Anatomy, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, Quebec, Canada
| | - Tomokazu Tsurugizawa
- Human Informatics and Interaction Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Hugues Leblond
- Department of Anatomy, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, Quebec, Canada
| | - Mathieu Piché
- Department of Anatomy, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, Quebec, Canada
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Paquette T, Piché M, Leblond H. Contribution of astrocytes to neurovascular coupling in the spinal cord of the rat. J Physiol Sci 2021; 71:16. [PMID: 34049480 PMCID: PMC10717833 DOI: 10.1186/s12576-021-00800-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) of the spinal cord relies on the integrity of neurovascular coupling (NVC) to infer neuronal activity from hemodynamic changes. Astrocytes are a key component of cerebral NVC, but their role in spinal NVC is unclear. The objective of this study was to examine whether inhibition of astrocyte metabolism by fluorocitrate alters spinal NVC. In 14 rats, local field potential (LFP) and spinal cord blood flow (SCBF) were recorded simultaneously in the lumbosacral enlargement during noxious stimulation of the sciatic nerve before and after a local administration of fluorocitrate (N = 7) or saline (N = 7). Fluorocitrate significantly reduced SCBF responses (p < 0.001) but not LFP amplitude (p = 0.22) compared with saline. Accordingly, NVC was altered by fluorocitrate compared with saline (p < 0.01). These results support the role of astrocytes in spinal NVC and have implications for spinal cord imaging with fMRI for conditions in which astrocyte metabolism may be altered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thierry Paquette
- Department of Anatomy, Université du Québec À Trois-Rivières, 3351 Boulevard des Forges, C.P. 500, Trois-Rivières, QC, G9A 5H7, Canada
- CogNAC Research Group, Université du Québec À Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, QC, G9A 5H7, Canada
| | - Mathieu Piché
- Department of Anatomy, Université du Québec À Trois-Rivières, 3351 Boulevard des Forges, C.P. 500, Trois-Rivières, QC, G9A 5H7, Canada
- CogNAC Research Group, Université du Québec À Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, QC, G9A 5H7, Canada
| | - Hugues Leblond
- Department of Anatomy, Université du Québec À Trois-Rivières, 3351 Boulevard des Forges, C.P. 500, Trois-Rivières, QC, G9A 5H7, Canada.
- CogNAC Research Group, Université du Québec À Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, QC, G9A 5H7, Canada.
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