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Fan Q, Yan C, Shi C, Xu Y, Ma Y, Zhang C, Peng X, Xia X. Inhibitory Effect of Coenzyme Q0 on the Growth of Staphylococcus aureus. Foodborne Pathog Dis 2019; 16:317-324. [PMID: 30964334 DOI: 10.1089/fpd.2018.2559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Coenzyme Q0 (CoQ0), one of benzoquinone compounds, has been demonstrated to possess antineoplastic, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities. However, its antimicrobial effect has not been extensively reported. In this study, antimicrobial activity of CoQ0 against Staphylococcus aureus was evaluated by measurement of inhibition zone, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), and growth curves. Time-kill assay was performed to assess the bactericidal activity of CoQ0 against S. aureus in tryptone soya broth and pasteurized milk. The possible mechanism of action was explored through measuring changes in intracellular ATP concentrations, membrane potential, and cell morphology. Furthermore, propidium iodide (PI) staining assay was performed to evaluate the effect of CoQ0 on cell membrane integrity. The MIC of CoQ0 against tested strains ranged from 7.8 to 62.5 μg/mL. CoQ0 at 2 × MIC showed bactericidal effect on S. aureus in tryptic soy broth (TSB) and pasteurized milk. Decrease in intracellular ATP concentration and membrane potential were detected when cells were treated with CoQ0. PI staining demonstrated destruction of bacterial cell membrane. CoQ0 also induced abnormal cell morphological changes, as confirmed by field emission scanning electron microscopy. These findings suggested that CoQ0 exhibited antimicrobial effect on S. aureus, which was partly because of its ability to damage cell membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuxia Fan
- 1 Department of Food Safety and Nutrition, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Chunhong Yan
- 1 Department of Food Safety and Nutrition, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China.,2 Department of Animal Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Chao Shi
- 1 Department of Food Safety and Nutrition, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Yunfeng Xu
- 3 Department of Food Safety, College of Food Science and Bioengineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Yan Ma
- 1 Department of Food Safety and Nutrition, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Chunling Zhang
- 1 Department of Food Safety and Nutrition, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Xiaoli Peng
- 1 Department of Food Safety and Nutrition, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Xiaodong Xia
- 1 Department of Food Safety and Nutrition, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China.,4 Technical Center, Jiangsu Ecolovo Food Group Co., Ltd., Suqian, Jiangsu, China.,5 Department of Food Quality and Safety, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Liaoning, China
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Kieckens E, Rybarczyk J, Cox E, Vanrompay D. Antibacterial and immunomodulatory activities of bovine lactoferrin against Escherichia coli O157:H7 infections in cattle. Biometals 2018; 31:321-330. [PMID: 29442205 DOI: 10.1007/s10534-018-0082-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2018] [Accepted: 02/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) O157:H7 is a zoonotic pathogen that causes food-borne disease in humans ranging from watery diarrhea to bloody diarrhea and severe hemorrhagic colitis, renal failure and hemolytic uremic syndrome. Cattle, the most important source of E. coli O157:H7 transmission to humans, harbor the bacteria in their gastrointestinal tract without showing clinical symptoms. Prevention of E. coli O157:H7 infections in ruminants could diminish the public health risk. However, there is no specific treatment available nor a vaccine or a therapeutic agent which completely prevents E. coli O157:H7 infections in cattle. This paper provides an overview of latest research data on eradicating enterohemorrhagic E. coli O157:H7 in ruminants by use of bovine lactoferrin administration. The article provides insights into the anti-microbial and immunomodulatory activities of bovine lactoferrin against E. coli O157:H7 infections in cattle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evelien Kieckens
- Laboratory of Immunology and Animal Biotechnology, Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Joanna Rybarczyk
- Laboratory of Immunology and Animal Biotechnology, Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Eric Cox
- Laboratory of Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, 9820, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Daisy Vanrompay
- Laboratory of Immunology and Animal Biotechnology, Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000, Ghent, Belgium.
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Bruni N, Capucchio MT, Biasibetti E, Pessione E, Cirrincione S, Giraudo L, Corona A, Dosio F. Antimicrobial Activity of Lactoferrin-Related Peptides and Applications in Human and Veterinary Medicine. Molecules 2016; 21:E752. [PMID: 27294909 PMCID: PMC6273662 DOI: 10.3390/molecules21060752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2016] [Revised: 06/03/2016] [Accepted: 06/06/2016] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) represent a vast array of molecules produced by virtually all living organisms as natural barriers against infection. Among AMP sources, an interesting class regards the food-derived bioactive agents. The whey protein lactoferrin (Lf) is an iron-binding glycoprotein that plays a significant role in the innate immune system, and is considered as an important host defense molecule. In search for novel antimicrobial agents, Lf offers a new source with potential pharmaceutical applications. The Lf-derived peptides Lf(1-11), lactoferricin (Lfcin) and lactoferrampin exhibit interesting and more potent antimicrobial actions than intact protein. Particularly, Lfcin has demonstrated strong antibacterial, anti-fungal and antiparasitic activity with promising applications both in human and veterinary diseases (from ocular infections to osteo-articular, gastrointestinal and dermatological diseases).
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Affiliation(s)
- Natascia Bruni
- Istituto Farmaceutico Candioli, Beinasco (To) 10092, Italy.
| | | | - Elena Biasibetti
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Torino, Torino 10095, Italy.
| | - Enrica Pessione
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Torino, Torino 10123, Italy.
| | - Simona Cirrincione
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Torino, Torino 10123, Italy.
| | | | | | - Franco Dosio
- Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Torino, Torino 10125, Italy.
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Gupta A, Tiwari SK, Netrebov V, Chikindas ML. Biochemical Properties and Mechanism of Action of Enterocin LD3 Purified from Enterococcus hirae LD3. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2016; 8:161-9. [DOI: 10.1007/s12602-016-9217-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Wu WH, Di R, Matthews KR. Antibacterial Mode of Action of Ib-AMP1 Against Escherichia coli O157:H7. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2016; 5:131-41. [PMID: 26782738 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-013-9127-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Continual occurrence of foodborne outbreaks, along with the increase in antibiotic resistance which burdens clinical treatments, has urged scientists to search for other potential promising antimicrobial agents. Antimicrobial peptides are emerging as one of the potential alternatives. The mode of action of a given AMP is critical and essential for future application; however, it is still not completely known for many of these compounds. Ib-AMP1 is a plant-derived AMP, purified from seeds of Impatiens balsamina and has been shown to exert antibacterial and antifungal activity at the micromolar level. A study had shown that the therapeutic index of Ib-AMP1 against eight human pathogens is 23.5. The objective of the present study was to determine the in vivo mode of action of Ib-AMP1 against Escherichia coli O157:H7. A concentration-dependent effect of Ib-AMP1 on the E. coli O157:H7 cell membrane occurred. Ib-AMP1 treatments resulted in efflux of K(+) and ATP, suggesting pores of sufficient size to allow efflux of large molecules. Ib-AMP1 at sublethal concentrations exerts a greater effect at the intracellular level. In contrast, Ib-AMP1 at a lethal concentration permeabilizes cell membranes and may directly or indirectly inhibit intracellular macromolecule synthesis. Collectively, results of this study suggest Ib-AMP1 is bactericidal interfering within outer and inner membrane integrity permitting efflux of ATP and interfering with intracellular biosynthesis of DNA, RNA and protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Hsuan Wu
- Department of Food Science, School of Environmental and Biological Sciences, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 65 Dudley Road, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901-8520, USA
| | - Rong Di
- Department of Plant Biology and Pathology, School of Environmental and Biological Sciences, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Karl R Matthews
- Department of Food Science, School of Environmental and Biological Sciences, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 65 Dudley Road, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901-8520, USA.
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Comparison of Proliferative Effect of Human Lactoferrin and Its Proteolytic Peptide on Normal and Transformed Epithelial Cells. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2015; 178:44-57. [PMID: 26400493 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-015-1857-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2015] [Accepted: 09/14/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Human lactoferrin (hLF) is an iron-binding glycoprotein with a variety of functions. hLF undergoes proteolytic cleavage to smaller peptides in the stomach following ingestion. In the present study, we evaluated the effects of hLF and its proteolytic product, human lactoferrin peptide (hLFP), on the proliferation of two epithelial cells, HEK293 normal cells and KATO III gastric carcinoma cells, using an MTT assay and expression of proliferative nuclear cell antigen (PCNA), a notable proliferation marker. When the two epithelial cells were stimulated with hLF and hLFP in the presence of fetal bovine serum (FBS), hLFP stimulated proliferation of both cell types at lower concentrations than hLF by two orders of magnitude. The cancer cells exhibited proliferative responses to both hLF and hLFP at lower concentrations by 2∼3 orders of magnitude than the normal cells. Either hLF or hLFP alone did not support appreciable proliferation of these cell lines in the absence or low concentrations of FBS. Bovine serum albumin or its proteolytic product failed to promote cellular proliferation even in the presence of 10 % FBS, indicating the specificity of the proliferative activity of hLF and hLFP. These data highlight feasibility of hLF and its peptide for adjuvants for tissue culture medium.
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Improved antimicrobial activities of synthetic-hybrid bacteriocins designed from enterocin E50-52 and pediocin PA-1. Appl Environ Microbiol 2014; 81:1661-7. [PMID: 25527560 DOI: 10.1128/aem.03477-14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Two hybrid bacteriocins, enterocin E50-52/pediocin PA-1 (EP) and pediocin PA-1/enterocin E50-52 (PE), were designed by combining the N terminus of enterocin E50-52 and the C terminus of pediocin PA-1 and by combining the C terminus of pediocin PA-1 and the N terminus of enterocin E50-52, respectively. Both hybrid bacteriocins showed reduced MICs compared to those of their natural counterparts. The MICs of hybrid PE and EP were 64- and 32-fold lower, respectively, than the MIC of pediocin PA-1 and 8- and 4-fold lower, respectively, than the MIC of enterocin E50-52. In this study, the effect of hybrid as well as wild-type (WT) bacteriocins on the transmembrane electrical potential (ΔΨ) and their ability to induce the efflux of intracellular ATP were investigated. Enterocin E50-52, pediocin PA-1, and hybrid bacteriocin PE were able to dissipate ΔΨ, but EP was unable to deplete this component. Both hybrid bacteriocins caused a loss of the intracellular concentration of ATP. EP, however, caused a faster efflux than PE and enterocin E50-52. Enterocin E50-52 and hybrids PE and EP were active against the Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria tested, such as Micrococcus luteus, Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis 20E1090, and Escherichia coli O157:H7. The hybrid bacteriocins designed and described herein are antimicrobial peptides with MICs lower those of their natural counterparts. Both hybrid peptides induce the loss of intracellular ATP and are capable of inhibiting Gram-negative bacteria, and PE dissipates the electrical potential. In this study, the MIC of hybrid bacteriocin PE decreased 64-fold compared to the MIC of its natural peptide counterpart, pediocin PA-1. Inhibition of Gram-negative pathogens confers an additional advantage for the application of these peptides in therapeutics.
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Grosvenor AJ, Haigh BJ, Dyer JM. Digestion proteomics: tracking lactoferrin truncation and peptide release during simulated gastric digestion. Food Funct 2014; 5:2699-705. [DOI: 10.1039/c4fo00165f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Peptide release profiles from lactoferrin were tracked and characterised during simulated gastric digestion using a novel quantitative proteomic approach.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jolon M. Dyer
- AgResearch
- Lincoln Research Centre
- Christchurch, New Zealand
- Riddet Institute
- Massey University
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Tan YN, Matthews KR, Di R, Ayob MK. Comparative antibacterial mode of action of purified alcalase- and tryptic-hydrolyzed palm kernel cake proteins on the food-borne pathogen Bacillus cereus. Food Control 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2012.09.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Bacteriostatic Mode of Action of Trypsin-Hydrolyzed Palm Kernel Expeller Peptide Against Bacillus cereus. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2012; 4:59-65. [DOI: 10.1007/s12602-012-9091-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Tan Y, Ayob M, Osman M, Matthews K. Antibacterial activity of different degree of hydrolysis of palm kernel expeller peptides against spore-forming and non-spore-forming bacteria. Lett Appl Microbiol 2011; 53:509-17. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1472-765x.2011.03137.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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