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Andersson Hammar I, Westgård T, Dahlin-Ivanoff S, Wilhelmson K. Frail older people with decreased cognition can perceive reduced self-determination in self-care and social relationships. BMC Geriatr 2024; 24:7. [PMID: 38172750 PMCID: PMC10762990 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-023-04492-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Self-determination in old age is essential for people's experiences of good subjective health and quality of life. The knowledge concerning how frail older people with decreased cognition perceive their ability to be self-determined in the different dimension in daily life is, however, limited. The aim of this study was therefore to explore the relationship of self-determination and cognition in frail older people. METHODS This study was a cross-sectional secondary data analysis using baseline data with 119 frail people 75 ≥ from a larger randomized control trial. Self-determination was measured with the statements from the Impact on Participation and Autonomy-Older persons (IPA-O). Cognition was measured using the Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE), where decreased cognition was broadly defined as a score below 25 points. Fisher's exact test was used to test differences in proportions of perceiving self-determination in relation to cognition. The Relative Risk (RR) with a 95% Confidence Interval (CI) was used to explore the risk of perceiving reduced self-determination in relation to cognitive functioning. RESULTS Nearly the entire study population, regardless of cognitive functioning, perceived self-determination in Financial situation. For people with decreased cognition, the relative risk for perceiving reduced self-determination was statistically significant higher in activities related to Self-care and in Social relationships when comparing with the participants with intact cognition. CONCLUSION Perceiving self-determination when being old, frail and having decreased cognition is possible but is dependent upon which activities that are involved. Organizing healthcare needs according to the older people's wants and wishes is crucial regardless of people having a cognitive decline or not when the effort is to enable the people to be as self-determined as they want. The frail older people with decreased cognition should be treated as being experts in their own lives, and healthcare professionals should navigate the older people to get to their desired direction. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02773914. Retrospectively registered 16 May 2016.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabelle Andersson Hammar
- Department of Health and Rehabilitation, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Box 455, 405 30, Gothenburg, Sweden.
- The Gothenburg University Centre for Ageing and Health (AgeCap), Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - Theresa Westgård
- The Gothenburg University Centre for Ageing and Health (AgeCap), Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Occupational Therapy and Physiotherapy, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Region Västra Götaland, Sweden
| | - Synneve Dahlin-Ivanoff
- The Gothenburg University Centre for Ageing and Health (AgeCap), Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Katarina Wilhelmson
- The Gothenburg University Centre for Ageing and Health (AgeCap), Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Acute Medicine and Geriatrics, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Region Västra Götaland, Sweden
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Bhattacharyya KK, Molinari V, Black K, Whitbourne SK. Creating age-friendly nursing homes: The time is now. GERONTOLOGY & GERIATRICS EDUCATION 2023; 44:613-630. [PMID: 35950627 DOI: 10.1080/02701960.2022.2106981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The current global age-friendly movement supports older adults by promoting different policies and services. However, there is a dearth of attention to nursing home (NH) residents as part of age-friendly movements. The pioneering idea of an age-friendly health system, i.e., the "4 Ms" model is significant for NHs and formative for further developments; however, it does not identify unique components of NH care. This article aims to identify specific aspects of person-centered care in the literature to advance the development of a standardized conceptual framework. Along with residents, NH staff and administrators are integral parts of NHs. Incorporating the central role of caregivers, this study proposes a new "8 Ms" framework to describe the age-friendly NH. The traditional 4 Ms model notes that everything related to care matters to residents, along with care related to medication, mobility, and mentation. The proposed age-friendly framework introduces five additional "M," i.e., meaningful care, motivation, moderation, modification, and monitoring. This framework is proposed to advance education, training, clinical practice, research, and advocacy to promote quality of care in NHs. Application of the 8 Ms framework may yield multiple benefits, assuring good quality of care to residents, caregivers' job satisfaction, and supporting NH management in providing residents optimal care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kallol Kumar Bhattacharyya
- School of Aging Studies, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, USA
- College of Nursing & Health Sciences, Bethune-Cookman University, Daytona, Florida, USA
| | - Victor Molinari
- School of Aging Studies, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Kathy Black
- School of Aging Studies, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Susan Krauss Whitbourne
- Department of Gerontology, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts, USA
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Li CC, Matthews AK, Yen PS, Chen YF, Dong X. The influence of perceived discrimination in healthcare settings on psychological distress among a diverse sample of older Asian Americans. Aging Ment Health 2022; 26:1874-1881. [PMID: 34319179 DOI: 10.1080/13607863.2021.1958146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between discrimination in healthcare settings and psychological distress. METHOD This study utilized a retrospective cross-sectional study design. The dataset was obtained from 2015-2017 California Health Interview Survey (CHIS). Healthcare discrimination experience (yes, no) was measured using the following question "Over your entire lifetime, how often have you been treated unfairly when getting medical care (never, rarely, sometimes, often)?". Psychological distress was the study outcome and was measured using the Kessler Psychological Distress Scale. A composite score (0-24) was created for psychological distress for the prior 30 days and for the worse most in the past 12 months. A hierarchical multivariate linear regression was conducted to examine the influence of healthcare discrimination experience on psychological distress after adjusting for other covariates. RESULTS Study participants (weighted N = 1,360,487) had a mean age of 64.35 years (SD = 0.61), were primarily female (54.93%), heterosexual (96.61%), and married or living with a partner (73.37%). About 10.00% of older Asian Americans ever perceived healthcare discrimination over their entire lifetime. Perceived discrimination was associated with higher levels of psychological distress for the past 30 days (beta= 2.107, SE = 0.662, p < 0.05) and for the worst month in the past year (beta= 2.099, SE = 0.697, p < 0.05) after controlling for covariates. CONCLUSION Self-reported discrimination was relatively low in this sample of older Asian American adults. However, consistent with prior research, perceived discrimination in the healthcare setting was associated with increased psychological distress. The findings have implications for improving the quality of health care services received.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chien-Ching Li
- Department of Health Systems Management, Rush University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Alicia K Matthews
- Department of Population Health Nursing Science, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Pei-Shan Yen
- Center for Clinical Translational Science, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Yi-Fan Chen
- Center for Clinical Translational Science, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - XinQi Dong
- Institute for Health, Health Care Policy and Aging Research, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA
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Mechanisms of Social Interaction and Virtual Connections as Strong Predictors of Wellbeing of Older Adults. Healthcare (Basel) 2022; 10:healthcare10030553. [PMID: 35327031 PMCID: PMC8953298 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare10030553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2022] [Revised: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Socially engaged older adults are less likely to decline in health and happiness and have a higher quality of life. Building upon this premise, examination was conducted on the domains of social determinants of health, specifically the social and community context per Healthy People 2030 objectives. These mechanisms of social interaction, in the form of group activities, community engagement, and virtual interactions via email or text message, were assessed using hierarchical regression analysis to find out their association with wellbeing, depression symptoms, and cognition of older adults. The data included a total of 4623 sample of older adults from the National Health and Aging Trend Study (NHATS) Round 8. The results showed that social support explained a 40.3% unique variance on wellbeing. The use of text message and email had a moderating effect on community engagement and self-reported depression level in older adults. Findings suggest that community programs, shared group activities, or technology training workshops can improve social interaction and support cognition and reduce depression in older adults. Directions for future research include examining human behaviors and perceptions and increasing technology training sessions to promote independence of older adults and increase their social connections. In addition, participant involvement in interventions would enhance the possibility of success of such endeavors.
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Edelman LS, Drost J, Moone RP, Owens K, Towsley GL, Tucker-Roghi G, Morley JE. Editorial: Applying the Age-Friendly Health System Framework to Long Term Care Settings. J Nutr Health Aging 2021; 25:141-145. [PMID: 33491025 PMCID: PMC7780207 DOI: 10.1007/s12603-020-1558-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- L S Edelman
- John E. Morley, MD, BCh, Division of Geriatric Medicine, Saint Louis University, SLUCare Academic Pavilion, Section 2500, 1008 S. Spring Ave., 2nd Floor, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA, , Twitter: @drjohnmorley
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Lundy J, Hayden D, Pyland S, Berg-Weger M, Malmstrom TK, Morley JE. An Age-Friendly Health System. J Am Geriatr Soc 2020; 69:806-812. [PMID: 33275785 DOI: 10.1111/jgs.16959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2020] [Revised: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES To describe a screening and intervention program for geriatric syndromes instituted at a rural healthcare system that utilizes the 4Ms of an age-friendly health system, and to provide exercise and cognitive stimulation therapy (CST) as part of an age-friendly health program. DESIGN Retrospective evaluation of clinical data. SETTING Rural primary healthcare system. PARTICIPANTS Older adults aged 65 years and older in Perry County, Missouri. MEASUREMENTS Screening for geriatric syndromes was done using the Rapid Geriatric Assessment (RGA), which includes the FRAIL, SARC-F, Simplified Nutritional Appetite Questionnaire (SNAQ), and Rapid Cognitive Screen (RCS). Outcomes for exercise and CST included the Five Times Sit to Stand (FTSS) and Timed Up and Go (TUG) tests, Cornell Scale for Depression in Dementia (CSDD), Saint Louis University Mental Status Examination (SLUMS), and Quality of Life in Alzheimer's Disease (QoL-AD) measures. RESULTS The RGA was administered to 1,326 individuals of which 36.5% were frail, 42.1% were sarcopenic, 26.1% were at risk for anorexia, and 20.8% had dementia. Of these receiving exercise therapy, both the FTSS and the TUG were improved at 3 months and 12 to 24 months. In the CST group, SLUMS, QoL-AD, and CSDD were improved at 7 weeks and 6 to 12 months. CONCLUSION It is feasible to introduce a screening program for geriatric syndromes and respond to the results with successful exercise and cognitive stimulation therapy programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janice Lundy
- Department of Social Work and Geriatric Care Management, Perry County Memorial Hospital, Perryville, Missouri, USA
| | - Deborah Hayden
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Perry County Memorial Hospital, Perryville, MO, USA
| | - Stephanie Pyland
- Department of Social Work and Geriatric Care Management, Perry County Memorial Hospital, Perryville, Missouri, USA
| | - Marla Berg-Weger
- School of Social Work, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Theodore K Malmstrom
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - John E Morley
- Division of Geriatric Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
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Affiliation(s)
- J E Morley
- John E. Morley, MB, BCh, Division of Geriatric Medicine, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, 1402 S. Grand Blvd., M238, St. Louis, MO 63104,
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Affiliation(s)
- J E Morley
- John E. Morley, MB, BCh, Division of Geriatric Medicine, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, 1402 S. Grand Blvd., M238, St. Louis, MO 63104,
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Affiliation(s)
- J E Morley
- John E. Morley, MB, BCh, Division of Geriatric Medicine, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, 1402 S. Grand Blvd., M238, St. Louis, MO 63104,
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