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Rugaitienė M, Lesauskaitė V, Ulozienė I, Smičius L, Damulevičienė G. Impact of Modified Diet, Swallowing Exercises, and Electrostimulation on Quality of Life of Older Patients Suffering from Oropharyngeal Dysphagia. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2024; 60:1021. [PMID: 39064450 PMCID: PMC11278523 DOI: 10.3390/medicina60071021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2024] [Revised: 06/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Oropharyngeal dysphagia is defined as a swallowing disorder in which it becomes difficult to form a bolus and move food from the mouth to the proximal part of the esophagus. Several factors can cause this disorder in geriatric patients. With oropharyngeal dysphagia, the patient's social isolation and the risk of depression increase, while the quality of life deteriorates. Materials and Methods: In this study, oropharyngeal dysphagia was suspected based on the EAT-10 questionnaire and diagnosed with the water drink test and endoscopic swallowing evaluation, which assesses the aspiration risk by using an eight-point Penetration-Aspiration scale. Patients with oropharyngeal dysphagia received complex treatment: exercises to strengthen the swallowing muscles, electrostimulation of the swallowing muscles, and a modified diet. The quality of life of 64 patients was assessed by using the DHI, SWAL-QoL, and EAT-10 questionnaires before complex treatment and after treatment. The results show that the quality of life improved after the complex treatment of oropharyngeal dysphagia. Results: The mean age of patients was 77.8 (9.1) years, and 56.3% of patients were women. At baseline, mild oropharyngeal dysphagia was found in 18.8% of patients; moderate-in 51.6%; and severe-in 29.7%. Aspiration risk was low in 28.1% of patients; medium-in 39.1%; and high-in 32.8%. The severity of oropharyngeal dysphagia and aspiration risk significantly decreased after treatment (p = 0.002). The EAT-10 score mean was 15.23 (8.92) points before treatment and decreased to 11.50 (6.12) points after treatment (p < 0.001). Before treatment, the DHI physical score was 15.75 (6.813), the DHI functional score was 14.56 (8.659), and the DHI emotional score was 11.06 (7.848) (p < 0.001), and after complex treatment, the DHI physical score was 14.56 (8.659), the DHI functional score was 9.74 (7.165), and the DHI emotional score was 7.94 (6.588) (p < 0.001). The total SWAL-QoL score mean was 132.71 (34.392) points before treatment and increased to 152.42 (30.547) points after treatment (p < 0.001). Conclusions: Complex treatment of oropharyngeal dysphagia plays an important role in improving the quality of life and reducing aspiration risk in older people affected by this condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margarita Rugaitienė
- Clinical Department of Geriatrics, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, 44307 Kaunas, Lithuania (G.D.)
| | - Vita Lesauskaitė
- Clinical Department of Geriatrics, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, 44307 Kaunas, Lithuania (G.D.)
| | - Ingrida Ulozienė
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, 44307 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Lukas Smičius
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, 44307 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Gytė Damulevičienė
- Clinical Department of Geriatrics, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, 44307 Kaunas, Lithuania (G.D.)
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Cordier R, Joosten AV, Heijnen BJ, Speyer R. A Psychometric Evaluation of the Dysphagia Handicap Index Using Rasch Analysis. J Clin Med 2024; 13:2331. [PMID: 38673604 PMCID: PMC11050868 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13082331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 04/06/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Background/Objectives: The Dysphagia Handicap Index (DHI) is commonly used in oropharyngeal dysphagia (OD) research as a self-report measure of functional health status and health-related quality of life. The DHI was developed and validated using classic test theory. The aim of this study was to use item response theory (Rasch analysis) to evaluate the psychometric properties of the DHI. Methods: Prospective, consecutive patient data were collected at dysphagia or otorhinolaryngology clinics. The sample included 256 adults (53.1% male; mean age 65.2) at risk of OD. The measure's response scale, person and item fit characteristics, differential item functioning, and dimensionality were evaluated. Results: The rating scale was ordered but showed a potential gap in the rating category labels for the overall measure. The overall person (0.91) and item (0.97) reliability was excellent. The overall measure reliably separated persons into at least three distinct groups (person separation index = 3.23) based on swallowing abilities, but the subscales showed inadequate separation. All infit mean squares were in the acceptable range except for the underfitting for item 22 (F). More misfitting was evident in the Z-Standard statistics. Differential item functioning results indicated good performance at an item level for the overall measure; however, contrary to expectation, an OD diagnosis presented only with marginal DIF. The dimensionality of the DHI showed two dimensions in contrast to the three dimensions suggested by the original authors. Conclusions: The DHI failed to reproduce the original three subscales. Caution is needed using the DHI subscales; only the DHI total score should be used. A redevelopment of the DHI is needed; however, given the complexities involved in addressing these issues, the development of a new measure that ensures good content validity may be preferred.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reinie Cordier
- Department of Social Work, Education and Community Wellbeing, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 8ST, UK;
- Curtin School of Allied Health, Curtin University, Perth, WA 6102, Australia
- Department of Health & Rehabilitation Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town 7700, South Africa
| | | | - Bas J. Heijnen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Leiden University Medical Centre, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands;
| | - Renée Speyer
- Curtin School of Allied Health, Curtin University, Perth, WA 6102, Australia
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Leiden University Medical Centre, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands;
- Department Special Needs Education, University of Oslo, NO-0371 Oslo, Norway
- MILO Foundation, Centre for Augmentative and Alternative Communication, 5482 JH Schijndel, The Netherlands
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Lechien JR, Geneid A, Bohlender JE, Cantarella G, Avellaneda JC, Desuter G, Sjogren EV, Finck C, Hans S, Hess M, Oguz H, Remacle MJ, Schneider-Stickler B, Tedla M, Schindler A, Vilaseca I, Zabrodsky M, Dikkers FG, Crevier-Buchman L. Consensus for voice quality assessment in clinical practice: guidelines of the European Laryngological Society and Union of the European Phoniatricians. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2023; 280:5459-5473. [PMID: 37707614 DOI: 10.1007/s00405-023-08211-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION To update the European guidelines for the assessment of voice quality (VQ) in clinical practice. METHODS Nineteen laryngologists-phoniatricians of the European Laryngological Society (ELS) and the Union of the European Phoniatricians (UEP) participated to a modified Delphi process to propose statements about subjective and objective VQ assessments. Two anonymized voting rounds determined a consensus statement to be acceptable when 80% of experts agreed with a rating of at least 3/4. The statements with ≥ 3/4 score by 60-80% of experts were improved and resubmitted to voting until they were validated or rejected. RESULTS Of the 90 initial statements, 51 were validated after two voting rounds. A multidimensional set of minimal VQ evaluations was proposed and included: baseline VQ anamnesis (e.g., allergy, medical and surgical history, medication, addiction, singing practice, job, and posture), videolaryngostroboscopy (mucosal wave symmetry, amplitude, morphology, and movements), patient-reported VQ assessment (30- or 10-voice handicap index), perception (Grade, Roughness, Breathiness, Asthenia, and Strain), aerodynamics (maximum phonation time), acoustics (Mean F0, Jitter, Shimmer, and noise-to-harmonic ratio), and clinical instruments associated with voice comorbidities (reflux symptom score, reflux sign assessment, eating-assessment tool-10, and dysphagia handicap index). For perception, aerodynamics and acoustics, experts provided guidelines for the methods of measurement. Some additional VQ evaluations are proposed for voice professionals or patients with some laryngeal diseases. CONCLUSION The ELS-UEP consensus for VQ assessment provides clinical statements for the baseline and pre- to post-treatment evaluations of VQ and to improve collaborative research by adopting common and validated VQ evaluation approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jerome R Lechien
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head Neck Surgery, Foch Hospital, University of Paris Saclay, Paris, France.
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head Neck Surgery, CHU Saint-Pierre, Brussels, Belgium.
- Department of Laryngology and Broncho-Esophagology, EpiCURA Hospital, Anatomy Department of University of Mons, Mons, Belgium.
- Phonetics and Phonology Laboratory (UMR 7018 CNRS, Université Sorbonne Nouvelle/Paris 3), Paris, France.
| | - Ahmed Geneid
- Department of Otolaryngology and Phoniatrics-Head and Neck Surgery, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jörg E Bohlender
- Department of Phoniatrics and Speech Pathology, Clinic for Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Giovanna Cantarella
- Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery Fondazione, IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Juan C Avellaneda
- Department of Surgery, Otolaryngology Service. Hospital Universitario Mayor Mederi, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Gauthier Desuter
- ENT, Head and Neck Surgery, Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem, Belgium
| | - Elisabeth V Sjogren
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Camille Finck
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, CHU de Liege, Université de Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Stephane Hans
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head Neck Surgery, Foch Hospital, University of Paris Saclay, Paris, France
- Phonetics and Phonology Laboratory (UMR 7018 CNRS, Université Sorbonne Nouvelle/Paris 3), Paris, France
| | - Markus Hess
- Medical Voice Center (MEVOC), Hamburg, Germany
| | - Haldun Oguz
- Department of Otolaryngology, Fonomer, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Marc J Remacle
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head Neck Surgery, Foch Hospital, University of Paris Saclay, Paris, France
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Center Hospitalier de Luxembourg, Eich, Luxembourg
| | | | - Miroslav Tedla
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Comenius University, University Hospital, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Antonio Schindler
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Isabel Vilaseca
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain
- University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Michal Zabrodsky
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital Motol, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Frederik G Dikkers
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Amsterdam UMC Location AMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Lise Crevier-Buchman
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head Neck Surgery, Foch Hospital, University of Paris Saclay, Paris, France
- Phonetics and Phonology Laboratory (UMR 7018 CNRS, Université Sorbonne Nouvelle/Paris 3), Paris, France
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