The Effects of Different Exercise Training Types on Body Composition and Physical Performance in Older Adults with Sarcopenic Obesity: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Construction of an Exercise Intervention Program for Patients with Sarcopenic Obesity: A Delphi Method Study

Purpose

Construct an exercise intervention program for patients with sarcopenic obesity.

Material and Methods

Based on the COM-B theoretical model and evidence-based principles, the program was constructed using qualitative methods of literature analysis and Delphi method. The Delphi panel consisted of 15 experts from the fields of clinical medicine, rehabilitation medicine, medical technology, and nursing.

Results

Fifteen experts were consulted, and the consultation recovery rate was 100%; the authority coefficient of the 1st round was 0.83, with coefficients of variation ranging from 0.00 to 0.27, and importance scores ranging from (4.13±1.13) to (5±0); the authority coefficient of the 2nd round was 0.82, with coefficients of variation ranging from 0.00 to 0.20, and importance scores ranging from (4.53±0.64) to (5±0); Kendall's harmony coefficient was 0.102, 0.115, respectively, and the differences were statistically significant(P < 0.05). The constructed exercise intervention program for patients with sarcopenic obesity included 4 primary indicators, 12 secondary indicators, and 28 tertiary indicators.

Conclusion

The constructed exercise intervention program for patients with sarcopenic obesity is scientific, feasible and generalizable, and can provide useful reference for related personnel to develop exercise programs for patients with sarcopenic obesity.

Sarcopenic obesity does not impair lower limb strength and physical performance in sufficiently active older adults: a cross-sectional study

This study investigated the associations of sarcopenic obesity (SO) with muscle strength and physical performance in sufficiently active older adults. Data from 72 older sarcopenic obese adults classified as sufficiently active were analyzed. Participants were categorized into four groups based on sex and SO status. Muscle strength/physical performance tests were compared using independent sample t-tests. Multiple linear regression and binary logistic regression were performed to examine the associations between SO and muscle strength and physical performance, adjusting for confounding variables. Only handgrip strength showed differences between SO groups, regardless of sex (p < 0.05). SO negatively explained the variability of handgrip strength (p < 0.05). An increase in handgrip strength values was associated with a decrease in the chances of older adults being classified as SO (p < 0.05). The findings suggest that even with SO, sufficiently active older adults did not present a significant reduction in muscle strength in the lower limbs and physical performance.