Body Weight Loss After Orthognathic Surgery: Comparison Between Postoperative Intermaxillary Fixation with Metal Wire and Elastic Traction, Factors Related to Body Weight Loss

Anthropometric and laboratory parameter alterations following bimaxillary orthognathic surgery

The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of bimaxillary orthognathic surgery on patients' anthropometric measures and laboratory parameters. This study was conducted on patients who underwent bimaxillary orthognathic surgery. Anthropometric measurements were collected before surgery (T0) and at intervals of one week (T1), two weeks (T2), one month (T3), and three months (T4) postoperatively, and laboratory parameters at T0 and T4. Data analysis included repeated-measures ANOVA for assessing weight changes, body mass index (BMI) and fat percentage changes, the Friedman test for muscle mass changes, and independent t tests to understand gender-based differences. Significant reductions were observed in weight (mean differences ranging from 2.26 kg to 3.84 kg, 95.00% CI: 1.29 to 4.62, p < 0.01) and BMI (mean differences ranging from 0.76 to 1.32, 95.00% CI: 0.38 to 1.58, p < 0.01) postoperatively at all follow-up points. Fat percentage changes were significant between T0 - T3 (MD = 1.17, 95.00% CI: 0.26 to 2.08, p < 0.05) and T0 - T4 (MD = 1.28, 95.00% CI: 0.14 to 2.43, p < 0.05). Changes in muscle mass were significant until T3 (MD ranging from 71.00 to 107.0, p < 0.01). Also, haemoglobin levels were significantly higher at T0 than T4 (MD = 0.35, 95% CI: 0 to 0.7). These changes showed no significant gender-based differences (p > 0.05). Our study showed that orthognathic surgery prompts temporary changes in body weight, Body Mass Index, and haemoglobin levels. Future research should explore interventions to mitigate these changes and enhance postoperative recovery.

Nutritional state of orthognathic surgery patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis

PURPOSE

Is to systematically review the available evidence of the patient's nutritional state before and after orthognathic surgery METHODS: The protocol to the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO; registration No. CRD42020177156).

RESULTS

The search strategy yielded a total of 43 articles from all databases. Of the 43 articles, 13 were excluded after an examination of the titles and abstracts, and full-text articles of the remaining 30 studies were reviewed independently for eligibility. Of these 30 studies, 23 were excluded because they did not meet the inclusion criteria. Finally, a total of 7 studies met the inclusion criteria and were processed for critical review CONCLUSION: Patient's body weight and body mass index (BMI) decreases after orthognathic surgery. No significant changes in body fat percentage were observed. The estimated blood loss and the need for blood transfusion increased. No significant changes were observed in hemoglobin levels, lymphocyte counts, total cholesterol levels, and cholinesterase levels between the pre-operative and postoperative periods. Increments in serum albumin levels and total protein counts were observed after orthognathic surgery.

Body mass index and weight loss in patients submitted to orthognathic surgery: a prospective study

OBJECTIVE

To compare the body mass index (BMI) and the weight loss (WL) in patients with dentofacial deformities who underwent monomaxillary versus bimaxillary orthognathic surgery.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

This prospective longitudinal study included 69 patients with dentofacial deformities who underwent surgical orthodontic treatment. Patients were divided into two groups according to the type of orthognathic surgery: monomaxillary or bimaxillary. A preoperative nutritional assessment based on BMI was performed; the percentage of involuntary WL between the preoperative and postoperative periods was also calculated. Data were collected at preoperative and 10, 40, and 90 days postoperative (PO). Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 17.0 (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY, USA), and data are reported with 95% confidence interval.

RESULTS

According to BMI, patients who underwent monomaxillary surgery presented: underweight = 2.6%, normal weight = 51.3%, overweight = 35.9%, and obese = 10.3%. The subjects who underwent bimaxillary surgery presented: normal weight = 43.3%, overweight = 36.7%, and obese = 20%. BMI was similar between the groups at all time points (preoperative, p= 0.237; 10 days PO, p= 0.325; 40 days PO, p= 0.430; and 90 days PO, p= 0.609). All patients lost weight postoperatively, and WL was similar among the PO measurements (p= 0.163).

CONCLUSIONS

Although both monomaxillary and bimaxillary orthognathic surgeries resulted in WL and lower BMI, there was no statistically significant difference in these metrics between the two types of surgery.

Systematic mapping review of orthognathic surgery

STUDY DESIGN

Systematic mapping review AIM AND SCOPE: The objective of this mapping review was to identify, describe, and organize clinical research currently available from systematic reviews and primary studies regarding co-interventions and different surgical modalities used in orthognathic surgery (OS) and their outcomes.

METHODS

Systematic reviews (SRs), randomized controlled trials, and observational studies that evaluated perioperative OS co-interventions and surgical modalities were identified in an exhaustive search of MEDLINE, EMBASE, Epistemonikos, Lilacs, Web of Science, and CENTRAL. Grey literature was also screened.

RESULTS

Included were 35 SRs and 253 primary studies, 103 from SRs, and another 150 identified in our search. Overall, SR quality was rated as critically low, with only two SRs rated as of high quality. 19 questions on population, interventions, comparisons, and outcomes (PICO) extracted from the SRs focused on osteosynthesis methods, surgical cutting devices, and use of antibiotics, corticosteroids, and induced hypotension. Also identified were 15 research gaps. Evidence bubble maps were created to graphically depict the available evidence.

CONCLUSION

Future high-quality research, both primary and secondary, is needed to address the knowledge gaps identified in this systematic mapping review.