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Iqbal F, Iqbal F, Humayun GK. Factor structure of the Five Facets Mindfulness Questionnaire (FFMQ) (15 items) in a collectivist society—Pakistan. PSYCHOLOGY IN THE SCHOOLS 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/pits.22875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Farhan Iqbal
- Department of Public Administration University of Karachi Karachi Pakistan
| | - Farah Iqbal
- Department of Psychology University of Karachi Karachi Pakistan
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Greeson JM, McBride EE, Chin GR, Lee HH, Colangelo AP. Trait mindfulness and mind-body health in students: The role of gender, race, and ethnicity. JOURNAL OF AMERICAN COLLEGE HEALTH : J OF ACH 2022:1-12. [PMID: 36347264 DOI: 10.1080/07448481.2022.2135374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Revised: 09/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Objective: Trait mindfulness is associated with well-being in college students, yet it is unclear whether these associations are consistent across demographics. Participants: Undergraduate students (n = 534; 33% nonwhite; Apr2018-Sep2019). Methods: A cross-sectional online survey was performed. Pearson correlations tested the relationship between specific facets of trait mindfulness and four domains of mind-body health: stress, well-being, cognitive functioning, and health behaviors. Gender, race, and ethnicity were tested as moderators. Results: In general, higher trait mindfulness is consistently associated with better mind-body health across demographics. However, in men, some health behavior variables correlated more strongly with mindfulness. Among Black students, the relationship between Non-Reactivity and some outcome variables was null or counterintuitive. In Asian students, several predicted associations were significantly stronger. Conclusion: Trait mindfulness corresponds to mind-body health in college students, but relationships may not be universal. Future research is needed to replicate these findings and to examine possible demographic differences in response to mindfulness training.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey M Greeson
- Department of Psychology, College of Science and Mathematics, Rowan University, Glassboro, New Jersey, USA
| | - Emma E McBride
- Department of Psychology, College of Science and Mathematics, Rowan University, Glassboro, New Jersey, USA
| | - Gabrielle R Chin
- Department of Psychology, College of Science and Mathematics, Rowan University, Glassboro, New Jersey, USA
| | - Hana H Lee
- Department of Psychology, College of Science and Mathematics, Rowan University, Glassboro, New Jersey, USA
| | - Amanda P Colangelo
- Department of Psychology, College of Science and Mathematics, Rowan University, Glassboro, New Jersey, USA
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On the porosity of subject and object in ‘mindfulness’ scientific study: challenges to ‘scientific’ construction, operationalization and measurement of mindfulness. Curr Opin Psychol 2019; 28:102-107. [DOI: 10.1016/j.copsyc.2018.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2018] [Revised: 11/09/2018] [Accepted: 11/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Colgan DD, Christopher M, Bowen S, Brems C, Hunsinger M, Tucker B, Dapolonia E. Mindfulness-based Wellness and Resilience intervention among interdisciplinary primary care teams: a mixed-methods feasibility and acceptability trial. Prim Health Care Res Dev 2019; 20:e91. [PMID: 32799970 PMCID: PMC6609991 DOI: 10.1017/s1463423619000173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2018] [Revised: 02/14/2019] [Accepted: 02/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS The primary objective of this study was to evaluate feasibility and acceptability of Mindfulness-based Wellness and Resilience (MBWR): a brief mindfulness-based intervention designed to enhance resilience and is delivered to interdisciplinary primary care teams. BACKGROUND Burnout is a pervasive, international problem affecting the healthcare workforce, characterized by emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and decreased professional effectiveness. Delivery models of mindfulness-based resilience interventions that enhance feasibility for onsite delivery, consider cultural considerations specific to primary care, and utilize team processes that are integral to primary care are now needed. METHODS We conducted a mixed-methods feasibility and acceptability trial of MBWR. Primary feasibility and acceptability outcomes were assessed by number of participants recruited, percent of MBWR treatment completer, and attrition rate during the 8-week intervention, and four items on a Likert-type scale. Secondary outcomes of perceived effects were measured by focus groups, an online survey, and self-reported questionnaires, including the Brief Resilience Scale, the Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire-Short Form, and the Self-Compassion Scale-Short Form. Participants included 31 healthcare providers on interdisciplinary primary care teams employed a safety-net medical center. In the MBWR group, 68% identified as Latinx, compared to 64% in the control group. FINDINGS All criteria for feasibility were met and participants endorsed high levels of satisfaction and acceptability. The results of this study suggest that MBWR provides multiple perceived benefits to the individual healthcare provider, cohesion of the healthcare team, and enhanced patient care. MBWR may be a feasible and acceptable method to integrate mindfulness, resilience, and teamwork training into the primary care setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dana Dharmakaya Colgan
- Department of Neurology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
- School of Graduate Psychology, Pacific University, Hillsboro, OR, USA
| | - Michael Christopher
- Department of Neurology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Sarah Bowen
- Department of Neurology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Christiane Brems
- Department of Neurology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Mathew Hunsinger
- Department of Neurology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Brian Tucker
- Virginia Garcia Memorial Health Center, Primary Care, Hillsboro, OR, USA
| | - Eli Dapolonia
- Department of Neurology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
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Sørensen L, Osnes B, Visted E, Svendsen JL, Adolfsdottir S, Binder PE, Schanche E. Dispositional Mindfulness and Attentional Control: The Specific Association Between the Mindfulness Facets of Non-judgment and Describing With Flexibility of Early Operating Orienting in Conflict Detection. Front Psychol 2018; 9:2359. [PMID: 30555383 PMCID: PMC6282922 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2018.02359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2018] [Accepted: 11/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: A state of mindfulness refers to a present-centered attentional awareness without judging. Being mindful seems to increase the ability to be flexible and adaptive in attention focus according to situational contingencies. The way mindfulness affects such attentional control is often measured with three different but interacting attentional networks of alerting (preparedness), orienting (selection of stimulus), and conflict detection (suppression of irrelevant stimuli). In the current study, the aim was to study the effects of dispositional mindfulness on these attention networks, and specifically the effects on the interactions between these attention networks. Methods: Fifty participants between 19 and 29 years old filled out the questionnaire Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire (FFMQ) and performed the revised version of the Attention Network Test (ANT-R). The five FFMQ facets of Describing, Non-Judgment, Orienting, Non-Reactivity, and Acting with Awareness were included as predictors in multiple linear regression analyses with the ANT-R scores of alerting, orienting, conflict detection, and the interaction scores of alerting by conflict detection and orienting by conflict detection as outcome variables, respectively. Results: Higher dispositional mindfulness as measured with the five FFMQ facets predicted interaction scores (faster reaction times) of orienting by conflict detection, but none of the other ANT-R scores. It was specifically the FFMQ facets of Describing and non-judgment that predicted this lower interaction score of orienting by conflict detection. Conclusion: Our findings indicate that being mindful is associated with a more flexible and efficient orienting attention. It is associated with a higher ability to disengage from salient stimuli that is irrelevant to pursue goal-directed behavior (conflict detection).
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Sørensen
- Department of Biological and Medical Psychology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.,KGJebsen Center for Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Bergen, Norway
| | - Berge Osnes
- Department of Biological and Medical Psychology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.,Bjørgvin District Psychiatric Centre, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Endre Visted
- Department of Clinical Psychology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.,Division of Psychiatry, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Julie Lillebostad Svendsen
- Department of Biological and Medical Psychology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.,Division of Psychiatry, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Steinunn Adolfsdottir
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Per-Einar Binder
- Department of Clinical Psychology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
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Kaplan JB, Christopher M, Bowen S. DISPOSITIONAL MINDFULNESS MODERATES THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN OCCUPATIONAL STRESSORS AND PERCEIVED STRESS AMONG LAW ENFORCEMENT PERSONNEL. JOURNAL OF POLICE AND CRIMINAL PSYCHOLOGY 2018; 33:227-232. [PMID: 34257476 PMCID: PMC8274578 DOI: 10.1007/s11896-017-9246-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Law enforcement personnel (LEPs) experience occupational stressors that can result in poor health outcomes and have a negative impact on the communities they serve. Dispositional mindfulness, or receptive awareness and attention to present moment experience, has been shown to negatively predict perceived stress and to moderate the relationship between stressors and negative stress-related outcomes. The current study is an investigation of the moderating role of specific facets of dispositional mindfulness (i.e., nonreactivity, nonjudging, and acting with awareness) in the relationship between occupational stressors and perceived stress in a sample of LEPs. As hypothesized, nonreactivity significantly moderated the relationship between operational stressors and perceived stress, such that LEPs low in nonreactivity exhibited a significant relationship between stressors and perceived stress, whereas those high in nonreactivity did not. Nonjudging also moderated the relationship between organizational stressors and perceived stress; however, unexpectedly, LEPs high in nonjudging evidenced a significant relationship between stressors and perceived stress, whereas those low in nonjudging did not. Potential implications of these findings for LEP stress reduction interventions are discussed.
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Kaplan JB, Bergman AL, Christopher M, Bowen S, Hunsinger M. ROLE OF RESILIENCE IN MINDFULNESS TRAINING FOR FIRST RESPONDERS. Mindfulness (N Y) 2017; 8:1373-1380. [PMID: 34484459 PMCID: PMC8412411 DOI: 10.1007/s12671-017-0713-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
First responders are exposed to critical incidents and chronic stressors that contribute to a higher prevalence of negative health outcomes compared to other occupations. Psychological resilience, a learnable process of positive adaptation to stress, has been identified as a protective factor against the negative impact of burnout. Mindfulness-Based Resilience Training (MBRT) is a preventive intervention tailored for first responders to reduce negative health outcomes, such as burnout. This study is a secondary analysis of law enforcement and firefighters samples to examine the mechanistic role of psychological resilience on burnout. Results indicated that changes in resilience partially mediated the relationship between mindfulness and burnout, and that increased mindfulness was related to increased resilience (b = .41, SE = .11, p < .01), which in turn was related to decreased burnout (b = -.25, SE = .12, p = .03). The bootstrapped confidence interval of the indirect effect did not contain zero [95% CI; -.27, -.01], providing evidence for mediation. Limitations and implications are discussed.
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A distinction between two instruments measuring dispositional mindfulness and the correlations between those measurements and the neuroanatomical structure. Sci Rep 2017; 7:6252. [PMID: 28740242 PMCID: PMC5524689 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-06599-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2016] [Accepted: 06/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The most widely used measurements of mindfulness are the Mindful Attention Awareness Scale (MAAS) and the Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire (FFMQ). However, controversies exist regarding the application of these scales. Additionally, the neural mechanisms of dispositional mindfulness havebecome a topic of interest. In the current study, we used surface-based methodology to identify the brain regions underlying individual differences in dispositional mindfulness in a large non-clinical sampleand compared the two instruments for measuring the dispositional mindfulness. The results indicated that theMAAS scores were significantly associated with increased greymatter volumes in the right precuneus and the significant association between the precuneus and depression symptomatology was mediated by MAAS scores. Regarding the FFMQ, the Describing, Nonjudging, and Nonreactivity facets were selectively associated with the cortical volume, thickness and surface area of multiple prefrontal regions as well as the inferior parietal lobule. Importantly, Describing mediated the association between the dorsolateral PFC volume and the cognitive reappraisal strategies of emotion regulation. These resultssuggested that the MAASwere mainly associated with self-awareness, while the FFMQ facets were selectively involved in emotion regulation, attention control and self-awareness. Therefore, this study characterized the differences in inter-individual variability between the two typical measurements of dispositional mindfulnessand the correlations between those measurements and imaging analyses.
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Fuchs CH, West LM, Graham JR, Kalill KS, Morgan LP, Hayes-Skelton SA, Orsillo SM, Roemer L. Reactions to an Acceptance-Based Behavior Therapy for GAD: Giving Voice to the Experiences of Clients From Marginalized Backgrounds. COGNITIVE AND BEHAVIORAL PRACTICE 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpra.2015.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Jones KD, Mist SD, Casselberry MA, Ali A, Christopher MS. Fibromyalgia Impact and Mindfulness Characteristics in 4986 People with Fibromyalgia. Explore (NY) 2015; 11:304-9. [PMID: 26005199 DOI: 10.1016/j.explore.2015.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2014] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE A growing body of literature suggests that mindfulness techniques may be beneficial in fibromyalgia. A recent systematic review and meta-analysis of six trials indicated improvement in depressive symptoms and quality of life, calling for increased rigor and use of standardized measures in future trials. The purpose of the study was to examine the relationship between mindfulness [as measured by the Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire (FFMQ)] and fibromyalgia impact [as measured by the Revised Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire (FIQR)]. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS A cross-sectional survey was conducted with adults diagnosed with fibromyalgia from a national fibromyalgia advocacy foundation e-mail list. RESULTS A total of 4986 respondents represented all 50 states in the United States and 30 countries. FIQR scores demonstrated moderate to severe fibromyalgia with the majority of subjects (59%) scoring ≤60. Scores on the FFMQ subscales ranged from 20.8 to 27.3, with highest scores for the observe subscale. All subscale correlations were small to moderate and indicated that more severe fibromyalgia impact was associated with less mindfulness except in the observe scale (r = .15, P > .000). No clinical or demographics explained as much variance in the FIQR total as any of the mindfulness subscales. CONCLUSIONS Fibromyalgia patients experience symptoms that may be alleviated by mindfulness interventions. Baseline values for the observe subscale of the FFMQ were unexpectedly high. Further research is needed to know if this may be due to non-mindful observations and should be noted when the FFMQ is used in fibromyalgia clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kim D Jones
- Oregon Health & Science University, Mail Code SN-ORD, 3455 SW US Veterans Hospital Road, Portland, OR 97239.
| | - Scott D Mist
- Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR
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Khaddouma A, Gordon KC, Bolden J. Zen and the art of sex: examining associations among mindfulness, sexual satisfaction, and relationship satisfaction in dating relationships. SEXUAL AND RELATIONSHIP THERAPY 2014. [DOI: 10.1080/14681994.2014.992408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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