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Chan HP, Chen IF, Tsai FR, Kao CH, Shen DHY. Reversing "Flip-Flop" Phenomenon of 131 I and Glucose Avidity in RET-Fusion Positive Radioiodine-Refractory Thyroid Cancer Lesions After Treatment of Pralsetinib. Clin Nucl Med 2023; 48:e147-e148. [PMID: 36327463 DOI: 10.1097/rlu.0000000000004475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT A 61-year-old man presented with papillary thyroid cancer in radioiodine-refractory status after high-activity 131 I treatments following thyroidectomy. FDG-avid neck and pulmonary metastases but without 131 I-uptake were detected. CCDC6-RET fusion was identified from the tumor lesion. He was treated with pralsetinib, a RET inhibitor, followed by another high-activity 131 I therapy. Posttherapeutic scan displayed restoration of 131 I avidity at those lesions only shown on previous FDG PET/CT. Reduced FDG avidity of those lesions and decreased serum antithyroglobulin antibody titer were also noticed. This case illustrated successfully reinduced 131 I avidity in papillary thyroid cancer through redifferentiation with target therapy to suppress tumor RET overexpression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hung-Pin Chan
- From the Department of Nuclear Medicine, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung City
| | - I-Feng Chen
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET Center, Tri-Service General Hospital and National Defense Medical Center, Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Fu-Ren Tsai
- From the Department of Nuclear Medicine, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung City
| | - Chun-Hao Kao
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET Center, Tri-Service General Hospital and National Defense Medical Center, Taipei City, Taiwan
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Gong L, Yang N, Zhao J, Tang Y, Li L, Yang H, Kong Y. Clinical characteristics and genetics analysis for the ITD of congenital hypothyroidism. J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab 2022; 35:741-748. [PMID: 35438852 DOI: 10.1515/jpem-2022-0052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Iodide transport defect (ITD) is one of the principal causes of congenital hypothyroidism (CH) and its primary molecular mechanism is a mutation of the sodium/iodide symporter (NIS) gene. This study aims to analyse the clinical characteristics and genetic mutations of ITD. METHODS The participants were a pair of siblings diagnosed with congenital hypothyroidism. Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry was used to determine the concentration of salivary iodine and serum iodine and to calculate their ratio. At the same time, next-generation sequencing (NGS) was applied to detect all exons of congenital hypothyroidism-related genes. All suspicious variants were further validated in the patients and their parents by PCR and Sanger sequencing. RESULTS Both patients were conclusively diagnosed with thyroid iodine transport defect (ITD). NGS identified two variants of the NIS gene in the siblings: c.1021G>A (p.Gly341Arg) with paternal origin and c.1330-2A>C with maternal origin. Both of these variants have not been reported to date. They are predicted to be pathogenic based on these clinical symptoms and comprehensive software analysis. CONCLUSIONS This is the first reported family study of congenital hypothyroidism with SLC5A5 mutation in China. Next-generation sequencing technology is an effective means of studying the genetics of congenital hypothyroidism. The therapeutic effect of potassium iodide needs to be further evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lifei Gong
- Department of Newborn Screening Centre, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Nan Yang
- Department of Newborn Screening Centre, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Jinqi Zhao
- Department of Newborn Screening Centre, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Yue Tang
- Department of Newborn Screening Centre, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Lulu Li
- Department of Newborn Screening Centre, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Haihe Yang
- Department of Newborn Screening Centre, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Yuanyuan Kong
- Department of Newborn Screening Centre, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Beijing, P. R. China
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The Cross-Talk between Polyphenols and the Target Enzymes Related to Oxidative Stress-Induced Thyroid Cancer. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:2724324. [PMID: 35571253 PMCID: PMC9098327 DOI: 10.1155/2022/2724324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2021] [Revised: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The most serious hallmark step of carcinogenesis is oxidative stress, which induces cell DNA damage. Although in normal conditions ROS are important second messengers, in pathological conditions such as cancer, due to imbalanced redox enzyme expression, oxidative stress can occur. Recent studies with firmly established evidence suggest an interdependence between oxidative stress and thyroid cancer based on thyroid hormone synthesis. Indeed, a reduced antioxidant defense system might play a part in several steps of progression in thyroid cancer. Based on studies that have been conducted previously, future drug designs for targeting enzymatic ROS sources, as a single agent or in combination, have to be tested. Polyphenols represent the potential for modulating biological events in thyroid cancer, including antioxidative activity. Targeting enzymatic ROS sources, without affecting the physiological redox state, might be an important purpose. As regards the underlying chemopreventive mechanisms of natural compounds that have been discussed in other cancer models, the confirmation of the influence of polyphenols on thyroid cancer is inconclusive and rarely available. Therefore, there is a need for further scientific investigations into the features of the antioxidative effects of polyphenols on thyroid cancer. The current review illustrates the association between some polyphenols and the key enzymes that take place in oxidation reactions in developing thyroid cancer cells. This review gives the main points of the enzymatic ROS sources act and redox signaling in normal physiological or pathological contexts and supplies a survey of the currently available modulators of TPO, LOX, NOX, DUOX, Nrf2, and LPO derived from polyphenols.
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Abstract
Epidemiological studies have focused on the effects of iodine intake on the risk of thyroid cancer. However, their relationship is still obscure. The objective of the present study was to examine the association in the Chinese population. A new ecological study which combined the Data of Annual Report of Cancer, the Survey of Iodine Deficiency Disorders (IDD) surveillance and the Water Iodine Survey was conducted to analyse the relationship between iodine intake and the thyroid cancer incidence in China. In total, 281 counties were included. Thyroid cancer incidence was negatively correlated with the consumption rate of qualified iodised salt (CRQIS) and positively correlated with goiter prevalence (GP) of children aged 8-10 years, residents' annual income and coastal status. Areas with a low CRQIS and areas with a high GP had a relatively high incidence of thyroid cancer. Regression models showed that a low CRQIS and a high GP in children aged 8-10 years (both reflecting iodine deficiency status) play a substantial role in thyroid cancer incidence in both males and females. Additionally, living in coastal areas and having a high annual income may also increase the risk of thyroid cancer. These findings suggest that mild iodine deficiency may contribute to the exceptionally high incidence of thyroid cancer in some areas in China. Maintaining appropriate iodine nutrition not only helps to eliminate IDD but also may help to reduce the occurrence of thyroid cancer.
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Downregulation of Rap1GAP Expression Activates the TGF- β/Smad3 Pathway to Inhibit the Expression of Sodium/Iodine Transporter in Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma Cells. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 2021:6840642. [PMID: 34840979 PMCID: PMC8616680 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6840642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Objective Rap1GAP is considered a tumor suppressor gene, but its regulatory mechanism in papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) has not been clearly elucidated. The aim of this study was to explore whether the regulation between Rap1GAP and sodium/iodine transporter (NIS) in tumorigenesis of PTC is mediated by TGF-β1. Methods Western blotting (WB) and quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction were performed to analyze the relationships between TGF-β1 concentration and NIS expression. After transfecting BCPAP cells with siRNAs, the Rap1GAP interference model was successfully established. Then, the expression and nuclear localization of TGF-β1 and pathway-related proteins were detected. Flow cytometry was applied to analyze cell apoptosis and cycle. WB was performed to detect apoptotic-related proteins. Wound healing and transwell assays were used to measure cell migration and invasion. EDU was performed to detect cell proliferative activity. Results The results suggested that TGF-β1 could significantly inhibit the expression of NIS in both mRNA and protein levels. In BCPAP cells transfected with siRNA-Rap1GAP, the expression levels of TGF-β1, Foxp3, and p-Smad3 were significantly increased. By applying immunofluorescence assay, the nuclear localizations of TβR-1 and p-Smad3 were found to be activated. Moreover, anti-TGF-β1 can reverse the decrease in NIS expression caused by downregulation of Rap1GAP. Additionally, the knockdown of Rap1GAP could alter the cell apoptosis, cycle, migration, invasion, and proliferation of BCPAP. Conclusion The downregulation of Rap1GAP expression can activate the TGF-β/Smad3 pathway to inhibit NIS expression and alter the tumor cell functions of PTC.
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MAPK Inhibition Requires Active RAC1 Signaling to Effectively Improve Iodide Uptake by Thyroid Follicular Cells. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13225861. [PMID: 34831012 PMCID: PMC8616057 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13225861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The Sodium/Iodide Simulator (NIS) is responsible for the uptake of iodide in the thyroid follicular cells. NIS is present in most differentiated thyroid carcinomas (DTC), allowing radioactive iodine (RAI) to be used to destroy malignant cells. However, a significant proportion of DTCs stop picking up iodide and become resistant to RAI therapy. This is mainly due to the symporter no longer being produced or not being placed correctly at the cell’s membrane. This has been associated with mechanisms linked to malignant transformation, namely the overactivation of the so-called MAPK pathway. Thus, several drugs have been developed to inhibit this pathway, attempting to increase NIS levels and iodide uptake. However, MAPK inhibitors have had only partial success in restoring NIS expression. We found that the activity of another protein, the small GTPase RAC1, has an important role in this process, determining the outcome of MAPK inhibitors. Thus, our findings open new opportunities to find effective therapeutic alternatives for DTC resistant to RAI. Abstract The Sodium/Iodide Symporter (NIS) is responsible for the active transport of iodide into thyroid follicular cells. Differentiated thyroid carcinomas (DTCs) usually preserve the functional expression of NIS, allowing the use of radioactive iodine (RAI) as the treatment of choice for metastatic disease. However, a significant proportion of patients with advanced forms of TC become refractory to RAI therapy and no effective therapeutic alternatives are available. Impaired iodide uptake is mainly caused by the defective functional expression of NIS, and this has been associated with several pathways linked to malignant transformation. MAPK signaling has emerged as one of the main pathways implicated in thyroid tumorigenesis, and its overactivation has been associated with the downregulation of NIS expression. Thus, several strategies have been developed to target the MAPK pathway attempting to increase iodide uptake in refractory DTC. However, MAPK inhibitors have had only partial success in restoring NIS expression and, in most cases, it remained insufficient to allow effective treatment with RAI. In a previous work, we have shown that the activity of the small GTPase RAC1 has a positive impact on TSH-induced NIS expression and iodide uptake in thyroid cells. RAC1 is a downstream effector of NRAS, but not of BRAF. Therefore, we hypothesized that the positive regulation induced by RAC1 on NIS could be a relevant signaling cue in the mechanism underlying the differential response to MEK inhibitors, observed between NRAS- and BRAF-mutant tumors. In the present study, we found that the recovery of NIS expression induced through MAPK pathway inhibition can be enhanced by potentiating RAC1 activity in thyroid cell systems. The negative impact on NIS expression induced by the MAPK-activating alterations, NRAS Q61R and BRAF V600E, was partially reversed by the presence of the MEK 1/2 inhibitors AZD6244 and CH5126766. Notably, the inhibition of RAC1 signaling partially blocked the positive impact of MEK inhibition on NIS expression in NRAS Q61R cells. Conversely, the presence of active RAC1 considerably improved the rescue of NIS expression in BRAF V600E thyroid cells treated with MEK inhibitors. Overall, our data support an important role for RAC1 signaling in enhancing MAPK inhibition in the context of RAI therapy in DTC, opening new opportunities for therapeutic intervention.
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Dotinga M, Vriens D, van Velden F, Heijmen L, Nagarajah J, Hicks R, Kapiteijn E, de Geus-Oei LF. Managing radioiodine refractory thyroid cancer: the role of dosimetry and redifferentiation on subsequent I-131 therapy. THE QUARTERLY JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MEDICINE AND MOLECULAR IMAGING : OFFICIAL PUBLICATION OF THE ITALIAN ASSOCIATION OF NUCLEAR MEDICINE (AIMN) [AND] THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF RADIOPHARMACOLOGY (IAR), [AND] SECTION OF THE SOCIETY OF RADIOPHARMACEUTICAL CHEMISTRY AND BIOLOGY 2021; 64:250-264. [PMID: 32744039 DOI: 10.23736/s1824-4785.20.03264-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Poor responses to iodine-131 (I-131) therapy can relate to either low iodine uptake and retention in thyroid cancer cells or to increased radioresistance. Both mechanisms are currently termed radioactive iodine (RAI)-refractory (RAI-R) thyroid cancer but the first reflects unsuitability for I-131 therapy that can be evaluated in advance of treatment, whereas the other can only be identified post hoc. Management of both represents a considerable challenge in clinical practice as failure of I-131 therapy, the most effective treatment of metastatic thyroid cancer, is associated with a poor overall prognosis. The development of targeted therapies has shown substantial promise in the treatment of RAI-R thyroid cancer in progressive patients. Recent studies show that selective tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) targeting B-type rapidly accelerated fibrosarcoma kinase (BRAF) and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MEK) can be used as redifferentiation agents to re-induce RAI uptake, thereby (re)enabling I-131 therapy. The use of dosimetry prior- and post-TKI treatment can assist in quantifying RAI uptake and improve identification of patients that will benefit from I-131 therapy. It also potentially offers the prospect of calculating individualized therapeutic administered activities to enhance efficacy and limit toxicity. In this review, we present an overview of the regulation of RAI uptake and clinically investigated redifferentiation agents, both reimbursed and in experimental setting, that induce renewed RAI uptake. We describe the role of dosimetry in redifferentiation and subsequent I-131 therapy in RAI-R thyroid cancer, explain different dosimetry approaches and discuss limitations and considerations in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maaike Dotinga
- Section of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands -
| | - Dennis Vriens
- Section of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Floris van Velden
- Section of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Linda Heijmen
- Section of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - James Nagarajah
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.,Department of Nuclear Medicine, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Rodney Hicks
- Department of Molecular Imaging, Peter MacCallum Cancer Center, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Ellen Kapiteijn
- Department of Medical Oncology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Lioe-Fee de Geus-Oei
- Section of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands.,Biomedical Photonic Imaging Group, University of Twente, Enschede, the Netherlands
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Castillo-Rivera F, Ondo-Méndez A, Guglielmi J, Guigonis JM, Jing L, Lindenthal S, Gonzalez A, López D, Cambien B, Pourcher T. Tumor microenvironment affects exogenous sodium/iodide symporter expression. Transl Oncol 2021; 14:100937. [PMID: 33217645 PMCID: PMC7679261 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2020.100937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Revised: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
For decades, sodium/iodide symporter NIS-mediated iodide uptake has played a crucial role in the radioactive ablation of thyroid cancer cells. NIS-based gene therapy has also become a promising tool for the treatment of tumors of extrathyroidal origin. But its applicability has been hampered by reduced expression of NIS, resulting in a moderated capacity to accumulate 131I and in inefficient ablation. Despite numerous preclinical enhancement strategies, the understanding of NIS expression within tumors remains limited. This study aims at a better understanding of the functional behavior of exogenous NIS expression in the context of malignant solid tumors that are characterized by rapid growth with an insufficient vasculature, leading to hypoxia and quiescence. Using subcutaneous HT29NIS and K7M2NIS tumors, we show that NIS-mediated uptake and NIS expression at the plasma membrane of cancer cells are impaired in the intratumoral regions. For a better understanding of the underlying molecular mechanisms induced by hypoxia and quiescence (separately and in combination), we performed experiments on HT29NIS cancer cells. Hypoxia and quiescence were both found to impair NIS-mediated uptake through mechanisms including NIS mis-localization. Modifications in the expression of proteins and metabolites involved in plasma membrane localization and in energy metabolism were found using untargeted proteomics and metabolomics approaches. In conclusion, our results provide evidence that hypoxia and quiescence impair NIS expression at the plasma membrane, and iodide uptake. Our study also shows that the tumor microenvironment is an important parameter for successful NIS-based cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Castillo-Rivera
- Clinical Research Group, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad del Rosario, Bogota DC, Colombia
| | - Alejandro Ondo-Méndez
- Clinical Research Group, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad del Rosario, Bogota DC, Colombia
| | - Julien Guglielmi
- Transporters in Imaging and Radiotherapy in Oncology (TIRO), School of Medicine, Direction de la Recherche Fondamentale (DRF), Institut des sciences du vivant Fréderic Joliot, Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), 28 Avenue de Valombrose, 06107 Nice, France
| | - Jean-Marie Guigonis
- Transporters in Imaging and Radiotherapy in Oncology (TIRO), School of Medicine, Direction de la Recherche Fondamentale (DRF), Institut des sciences du vivant Fréderic Joliot, Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), 28 Avenue de Valombrose, 06107 Nice, France
| | - Lun Jing
- Transporters in Imaging and Radiotherapy in Oncology (TIRO), School of Medicine, Direction de la Recherche Fondamentale (DRF), Institut des sciences du vivant Fréderic Joliot, Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), 28 Avenue de Valombrose, 06107 Nice, France
| | - Sabine Lindenthal
- Transporters in Imaging and Radiotherapy in Oncology (TIRO), School of Medicine, Direction de la Recherche Fondamentale (DRF), Institut des sciences du vivant Fréderic Joliot, Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), 28 Avenue de Valombrose, 06107 Nice, France
| | - Andrea Gonzalez
- Centro de Bioinformática y Biología Computacional de Colombia-BIOS, Manizales, Colombia
| | - Diana López
- Centro de Bioinformática y Biología Computacional de Colombia-BIOS, Manizales, Colombia; Department of Biological Science, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Sede Palmira, Palmira, Colombia
| | - Béatrice Cambien
- Transporters in Imaging and Radiotherapy in Oncology (TIRO), School of Medicine, Direction de la Recherche Fondamentale (DRF), Institut des sciences du vivant Fréderic Joliot, Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), 28 Avenue de Valombrose, 06107 Nice, France
| | - Thierry Pourcher
- Transporters in Imaging and Radiotherapy in Oncology (TIRO), School of Medicine, Direction de la Recherche Fondamentale (DRF), Institut des sciences du vivant Fréderic Joliot, Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), 28 Avenue de Valombrose, 06107 Nice, France.
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Rathod M, Kelkar M, Valvi S, Salve G, De A. FOXA1 Regulation Turns Benzamide HDACi Treatment Effect-Specific in BC, Promoting NIS Gene-Mediated Targeted Radioiodine Therapy. MOLECULAR THERAPY-ONCOLYTICS 2020; 19:93-104. [PMID: 33102692 PMCID: PMC7554325 DOI: 10.1016/j.omto.2020.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Human sodium iodide symporter (NIS) gene mediated radio-ablation is a successful procedure in thyroid cancer clinics. In recent years, natural expression of NIS is reported in breast cancer (BC) cases but is yet to make its mark as a therapeutic procedure in BC clinics. A pre-exposure to histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors to amplify endogenous NIS expression was attempted, but achieving cancer tissue-specific enhancement of NIS in patients is an important challenge to win. Here, for the first time, we show that a benzamide class of HDACi (bHDACi) can significantly induce NIS gene expression and function (p < 0.05) in BC cells with minimal off-target effects. Transcription factor (TF) profiler and promoter binding array reveals 22 TFs differentially activated by CI-994, of which FOXA1 is identified as a unique and positive regulator of NIS. Clonogenic assay shows reduced survival with bHDACi + 131I combination treatment. Further, AR-42 and MS-275 treatment shows enhanced NIS expression in an orthotopic breast tumor model. Combining bHDACi with 1 mCi 131I shows 40% drop in signal (p < 0.05), indicating enhanced radio-ablation effect. Cerenkov imaging revealed higher accumulation of 131I in MS-275-treated tumors. Thus, bHDACi-mediated selective enhancement ensuring minimal off-target effect is a step further toward using NIS as a therapeutic target for BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maitreyi Rathod
- Molecular Functional Imaging Laboratory, ACTREC, Tata Memorial Centre, Navi Mumbai 410210, India.,Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushakti Nagar, Mumbai 400094, India
| | - Madhura Kelkar
- Molecular Functional Imaging Laboratory, ACTREC, Tata Memorial Centre, Navi Mumbai 410210, India.,Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushakti Nagar, Mumbai 400094, India
| | - Snehal Valvi
- Molecular Functional Imaging Laboratory, ACTREC, Tata Memorial Centre, Navi Mumbai 410210, India
| | - Girish Salve
- Molecular Functional Imaging Laboratory, ACTREC, Tata Memorial Centre, Navi Mumbai 410210, India
| | - Abhijit De
- Molecular Functional Imaging Laboratory, ACTREC, Tata Memorial Centre, Navi Mumbai 410210, India.,Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushakti Nagar, Mumbai 400094, India
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Wang H, Ma Z, Cheng X, Tuo B, Liu X, Li T. Physiological and Pathophysiological Roles of Ion Transporter-Mediated Metabolism in the Thyroid Gland and in Thyroid Cancer. Onco Targets Ther 2020; 13:12427-12441. [PMID: 33299328 PMCID: PMC7721308 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s280797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Thyroid cancer is the most common type of endocrine tumor and has shown an increasing annual incidence, especially among women. Patients with thyroid cancer have a good prognosis, with a high five-year survival rate; however, the recurrence rate and disease status of thyroid cancer remain a burden for patients, which compels us to further elucidate the pathogenesis of this disease. Recently, ion transporters have gradually become a hot topic in the field of thyroid gland biology and cancer research. Additionally, alterations in the metabolic state of tumor cells and protein molecules have gradually become the focus of scientific research. This review focuses on the progress in understanding the physiological and pathophysiological roles of ion transporter-mediated metabolism in both the thyroid gland and thyroid cancer. We also hope to shed light on new targets for the treatment and prognosis of thyroid cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hu Wang
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiyuan Ma
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoming Cheng
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, People's Republic of China
| | - Biguang Tuo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, People's Republic of China.,Digestive Disease Institute of Guizhou Province, Zunyi, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuemei Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, People's Republic of China.,Digestive Disease Institute of Guizhou Province, Zunyi, People's Republic of China
| | - Taolang Li
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, People's Republic of China
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11
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Castro P, Patiño E, Fierro F, Rojas C, Buitrago G, Olaya N. Clinical characteristics, surgical approach, BRAFV600E mutation and sodium iodine symporter expression in pediatric patients with thyroid carcinoma. J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab 2020; 33:1457-1463. [PMID: 33031052 DOI: 10.1515/jpem-2020-0201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Objectives Thyroid cancer is the most common endocrine neoplasm in childhood. There are few studies characterizing pediatric population in Colombia. We intend to detail the clinical, histological characteristics, BRAFV600E mutational status and NIS (sodium-iodine symporter) expression of children with papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) managed at Hospital de La Misericordia. Methods Medical records of the Department of Pediatric Surgery and Pathology from 2009 to 2018 were scrutinized in search of cases of differentiated thyroid carcinoma. A descriptive analysis was made. Paraffin embedded tumoral tissue was recovered to assess BRAF V600E mutational status by PCR and NIS expression by immunohistochemistry. Results Sixteen patients were selected, 81.2% were girls. Average age of presentation was 11.8 years. Only one patient had previous radiation exposure. Most frequent symptom was cervical adenopathy with a mean time of 29.2 weeks before diagnosis. 93.7% underwent total thyroidectomy and lymphadenectomy. 62.5% were PTC combining both classic and follicular pattern. 6.25% cases had BRAFV600E mutation and 25% showed NIS focal reactivity. Conclusions We found greater female predominance, lower percentage of risk factors described and a high percentage of patients requiring aggressive surgical treatment. We consider important to contemplate thyroid cancer as a differential diagnosis of cervical lymph node enlargement in children. Diagnosis can be challenging in benign and indeterminate categories of the FNA cytology and biomolecular profiles such as BRAF and NIS could be determinant in guiding treatment. More studies with larger sample size, complete genetic analysis, evaluation to iodine response and long term follow up are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Castro
- Pediatric Surgery Resident, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Esteban Patiño
- Pathologist Fundación Hospital, Pediátrico La Misericordia, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Fernando Fierro
- Pediatric Surgeon Fundación Hospital, Pediátrico La Misericordia, Department of Surgery, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Carolina Rojas
- Pediatric endocrinologist Fundación Hospital, Pediátrico La Misericordia, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Giancarlo Buitrago
- Department of Surgery - Clinical Research Institute, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Natalia Olaya
- Pathologist Fundación Hospital Pediátrico La Misericordia, Department of Pathology, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia
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Faria M, Domingues R, Paixão F, Bugalho MJ, Matos P, Silva AL. TNFα-mediated activation of NF-κB downregulates sodium-iodide symporter expression in thyroid cells. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0228794. [PMID: 32049985 PMCID: PMC7015378 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0228794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2019] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The sodium-iodide symporter (NIS) mediates transport of iodide across the basolateral membrane of thyroid cells. NIS expression in thyroid cancer (TC) cells allows the use of radioactive iodine (RAI) as a diagnostic and therapeutic tool, being RAI therapy the systemic treatment of choice for metastatic disease. Still, a significant proportion of patients with advanced TC lose the ability to respond to RAI therapy and no effective alternative therapies are available. Defective NIS expression is the main reason for impaired iodide uptake in TC and NIS downregulation has been associated with several pathways linked to malignant transformation. NF-κB signaling is one of the pathways associated with TC. Interestingly, NIS expression can be negatively regulated by TNF-α, a bona fide activator of NF-κB with a central role in thyroid autoimmunity. This prompted us to clarify NF-kB’s role in this process. We confirmed that TNF-α leads to downregulation of TSH-induced NIS expression in non-neoplastic thyroid follicular cell-derived models. Notably, a similar effect was observed when NF-κB activation was triggered independently of ligand-receptor specificity, using phorbol-myristate-acetate (PMA). TNF-α and PMA downregulation of NIS expression was reverted when NF-κB-dependent transcription was blocked, demonstrating the requirement for NF-kB activity. Additionally, TNF-α and PMA were shown to have a negative impact on TSH-induced iodide uptake, consistent with the observed transcriptional downregulation of NIS. Our data support the involvement of NF-κB-directed transcription in the modulation of NIS expression, where up- or down-regulation of NIS depends on the combined output to NF-κB of several converging pathways. A better understanding of the mechanisms underlying NIS expression in the context of normal thyroid physiology may guide the development of pharmacological strategies to increase the efficiency of iodide uptake. Such strategies would be extremely useful in improving the response to RAI therapy in refractory-TC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Márcia Faria
- Serviço de Endocrinologia, Diabetes e Metabolismo do CHULN-Hospital Santa Maria, Lisboa, Portugal
- BioISI-Biosystems and Integrative Sciences Institute, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
- Departamento de Genética Humana, Instituto Nacional de Saúde Doutor Ricardo Jorge, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Rita Domingues
- Serviço de Endocrinologia, Diabetes e Metabolismo do CHULN-Hospital Santa Maria, Lisboa, Portugal
- ISAMB-Instituto de Saúde Ambiental, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Francisca Paixão
- Serviço de Endocrinologia, Diabetes e Metabolismo do CHULN-Hospital Santa Maria, Lisboa, Portugal
- ISAMB-Instituto de Saúde Ambiental, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Maria João Bugalho
- Serviço de Endocrinologia, Diabetes e Metabolismo do CHULN-Hospital Santa Maria, Lisboa, Portugal
- Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Paulo Matos
- BioISI-Biosystems and Integrative Sciences Institute, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
- Departamento de Genética Humana, Instituto Nacional de Saúde Doutor Ricardo Jorge, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Ana Luísa Silva
- Serviço de Endocrinologia, Diabetes e Metabolismo do CHULN-Hospital Santa Maria, Lisboa, Portugal
- ISAMB-Instituto de Saúde Ambiental, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
- * E-mail:
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Wen D, Hu JQ, Wei WJ, Ma B, Lu ZW, Wang YL, Wang Y, Ji QH. Dedifferentiation patterns in DTC: is PDTC an intermediate state between DTC and ATC? INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL PATHOLOGY 2019; 12:267-274. [PMID: 31933742 PMCID: PMC6944019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2018] [Accepted: 11/20/2018] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The majority of poorly differentiated thyroid cancer (PDTC) and anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC) are thought to dedifferentiated from differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC). PDTC is regarded as an intermediate form, through which DTC dedifferentiates into ATC. Although accumulation of gene mutations has been observed in PDTC and ATC, evidence of a direct link between DTC, PDTC, and ATC is still lacking. This work aims to illustrate if PDTC is the intermediate state between DTC and ATC. PATIENTS AND METHODS Whole-exome sequencing was performed in a single patient presenting with primary papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) with simultaneous PTC, PDTC, and ATC in metastatic lymph nodes. RESULTS 167 nonsynonymous mutations were identified, and 24 of them were exclusive to metastatic loci. Comparison of mutational spectra revealed following results: 1) PDTC and ATC were associated with PTC-LN2 but not PTC-LN1; 2) the majority (5/6) of non-ubiquitous mutations in ATC were also present in PDTC; and 3) despite one mutation observed simultaneously in PTC-LN2, PDTC and ATC, no other associations were found between the ATC and PTC samples (primary or metastatic). Additionally, we identified five mutations (four mutations present in both PDTC and ATC, and one exclusive to ATC), including TP53 p.N107_S108delinsX, possibly related with DTC dedifferentiation. CONCLUSIONS We observed an apparent potential, stepwise dedifferentiation process linking DTC, PDTC, and ATC, with PDTC serving as an intermediate state between DTC and ATC in one certain patient. One key mutation, combined with several low-frequency mutations, appears to underlie this dedifferentiation pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duo Wen
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer CenterShanghai 200032, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan UniversityShanghai 200032, China
| | - Jia-Qian Hu
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer CenterShanghai 200032, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan UniversityShanghai 200032, China
| | - Wen-Jun Wei
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer CenterShanghai 200032, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan UniversityShanghai 200032, China
| | - Ben Ma
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer CenterShanghai 200032, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan UniversityShanghai 200032, China
| | - Zhong-Wu Lu
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer CenterShanghai 200032, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan UniversityShanghai 200032, China
| | - Yu-Long Wang
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer CenterShanghai 200032, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan UniversityShanghai 200032, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer CenterShanghai 200032, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan UniversityShanghai 200032, China
| | - Qing-Hai Ji
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer CenterShanghai 200032, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan UniversityShanghai 200032, China
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14
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Pistollato F, Masias M, Agudo P, Giampieri F, Battino M. Effects of phytochemicals on thyroid function and their possible role in thyroid disease. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2018; 1443:3-19. [DOI: 10.1111/nyas.13980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2018] [Revised: 09/10/2018] [Accepted: 09/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Pistollato
- Center for Nutrition & Health, CITICANUniversidad Europea del Atlántico, Parque Científico y Tecnológico de Cantabria Santander Spain
| | - Manuel Masias
- Center for Nutrition & Health, CITICANUniversidad Europea del Atlántico, Parque Científico y Tecnológico de Cantabria Santander Spain
- Área de Nutrición y SaludUniversidad Internacional Iberoamericana (UNINI) Campeche Mexico
| | - Pablo Agudo
- Center for Nutrition & Health, CITICANUniversidad Europea del Atlántico, Parque Científico y Tecnológico de Cantabria Santander Spain
| | - Francesca Giampieri
- Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche Specialistiche ed Odontostomatologiche, Sez, BiochimicaUniversità Politecnica delle Marche Ancona Italy
| | - Maurizio Battino
- Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche Specialistiche ed Odontostomatologiche, Sez, BiochimicaUniversità Politecnica delle Marche Ancona Italy
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15
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Feng F, Yehia L, Ni Y, Chang YS, Jhiang SM, Eng C. A Nonpump Function of Sodium Iodide Symporter in Thyroid Cancer via Cross-talk with PTEN Signaling. Cancer Res 2018; 78:6121-6133. [PMID: 30217930 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-18-1954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2018] [Revised: 08/15/2018] [Accepted: 09/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
The sodium iodide symporter (NIS) is a classical iodide pump typically localized within the cell plasma membrane in thyroid cells, where NIS expression is believed to ensure success of mainstay radioiodide therapy in thyroid cancers. Although radioiodide uptake is generally reduced in thyroid cancer tissue, intracellular nonmembranous NIS has been reported to increase, suggesting that NIS serves a pump-independent function. Thyroid cancer is one of the major component cancers of Cowden syndrome, a subset of which is caused by germline mutations in PTEN In this study, we explored the noncanonical tumorigenic role of NIS in thyroid cancer cells in relation to PTEN signaling. PTEN knockdown in thyroid cancer cell lines stabilized intracellular NIS protein by promoting an interaction with NIS-LARG (leukemia-associated RhoA guanine exchange factor). Increased protein levels of cytoplasmic NIS enhanced RhoA activation and resulted in a promigration tumorigenic phenotype. Inhibition of NIS glycosylation through activation of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway contributed to mislocalization of NIS in the cytoplasm, facilitating its nonpump tumorigenic function through an interaction with LARG, which predominantly localized in the cytoplasm. Moreover, PTEN or PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling could affect DPAGT1, a glycosylating enzyme involved in the initial step of N-linked glycosylation, to inhibit glycosylation of NIS. In summary, our results elucidate a pump-independent, protumorigenic role for NIS in thyroid cancer via its cross-talk with PTEN signaling.Significance: A novel pump-independent protumorigenic role of nonmembranous NIS challenges the presumption that radioiodine treatment of thyroid cancer is ineffective when transmembrane NIS is not expressed. Cancer Res; 78(21); 6121-33. ©2018 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Feng
- Genomic Medicine Institute, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio.,Department of Nuclear Medicine, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lamis Yehia
- Genomic Medicine Institute, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Ying Ni
- Center for Clinical Genomics, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Yi Seok Chang
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, and Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Sissy Meihua Jhiang
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, and Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Charis Eng
- Genomic Medicine Institute, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio. .,Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio.,Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio.,Germline High Risk Cancer Focus Group, CASE Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
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16
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Zhao Z, Huang R, Cai H, Liu B, Zeng Y, Kuang A. Improved radioiodine-131 imaging of prostatic carcinoma using the sodium iodide symporter gene under control of the survivin promoter. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL PATHOLOGY 2018; 11:4067-4072. [PMID: 31949797 PMCID: PMC6962784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2018] [Accepted: 06/29/2018] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Improvement of radioiodine accumulation in non-thyroidal tumors by transfecting the sodium iodide symporter (NIS) gene has been successfully investigated in many studies. However, regarding the uncertain iodine influx and efflux efficiencies in different cells, the optimal imaging time by radioiodine following NIS gene transport remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the serial expression of NIS under control of survivin promoter in prostate cancer PC-3 cells and xenografts by adenoviral vector (Ad-Sur-NIS), and determine the optimal imaging time for radioiodine application. In vitro, the 125I accumulation in Ad-Sur-NIS-infected PC-3 cells was 44 times higher than that in control cells (P<0.05). Moreover, the expression efficiency of NIS reached a peak at 48 h post transfection, at which a 1.9-fold or 1.4-fold increase of 125I accumulation was found compared with 24 h or 72 h. In the clonogenic assay, the cell inhibition rates induced by 131I were 93.4 ± 11.2% in Ad-Sur-NIS and 71.8 ± 10.1% in Ad-NIS infected cells, both of which were significantly higher than that in Ad-Sur-GFP infected cells (10.9 ± 1.9%, P<0.05). In in vivo studies, the 131I uptake of tumor-to-muscle ratios were more prominent on day 2 (15.23 ± 4.55) and day-9 (9.78 ± 2.34) compared to the day 16 (1.29 ± 0.49), which showed a gradual reduction (P<0.05). Therefore, the Ad-Sur-NIS transfection allowed PC-3 tumor imaging by iodine-131 with an optimal time no later than 9 days post-transfection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Zhao
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, West China Hospital of Sichuan University Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Rui Huang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, West China Hospital of Sichuan University Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Huawei Cai
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, West China Hospital of Sichuan University Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Bin Liu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, West China Hospital of Sichuan University Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yu Zeng
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, West China Hospital of Sichuan University Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Anren Kuang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, West China Hospital of Sichuan University Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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17
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Gonçalves CFL, de Freitas ML, Ferreira ACF. Flavonoids, Thyroid Iodide Uptake and Thyroid Cancer-A Review. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:E1247. [PMID: 28604619 PMCID: PMC5486070 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18061247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2017] [Revised: 06/05/2017] [Accepted: 06/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Thyroid cancer is the most common malignant tumor of the endocrine system and the incidence has been increasing in recent years. In a great part of the differentiated carcinomas, thyrocytes are capable of uptaking iodide. In these cases, the main therapeutic approach includes thyroidectomy followed by ablative therapy with radioiodine. However, in part of the patients, the capacity to concentrate iodide is lost due to down-regulation of the sodium-iodide symporter (NIS), the protein responsible for transporting iodide into the thyrocytes. Thus, therapy with radioiodide becomes ineffective, limiting therapeutic options and reducing the life expectancy of the patient. Excessive ingestion of some flavonoids has been associated with thyroid dysfunction and goiter. Nevertheless, studies have shown that some flavonoids can be beneficial for thyroid cancer, by reducing cell proliferation and increasing cell death, besides increasing NIS mRNA levels and iodide uptake. Recent data show that the flavonoids apingenin and rutin are capable of increasing NIS function and expression in vivo. Herein we review literature data regarding the effect of flavonoids on thyroid cancer, besides the effect of these compounds on the expression and function of the sodium-iodide symporter. We will also discuss the possibility of using flavonoids as adjuvants for therapy of thyroid cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos F L Gonçalves
- Carlos Frederico Lima Gonçalves, Laboratory of Endocrine Physiology, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, 21941-902 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | - Mariana L de Freitas
- Mariana Lopes de Freitas, Laboratory of Endocrine Physiology, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, 21941-902 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | - Andrea C F Ferreira
- Andrea Claudia Freitas Ferreira, Laboratory of Endocrine Physiology, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, 21941-902 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
- NUMPEX, Campus Duque de Caxias, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Duque de Caxias, 25245-390 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
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18
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Lakshmanan A, Scarberry D, Green JA, Zhang X, Selmi-Ruby S, Jhiang SM. Modulation of thyroidal radioiodide uptake by oncological pipeline inhibitors and Apigenin. Oncotarget 2016; 6:31792-804. [PMID: 26397139 PMCID: PMC4741640 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.5172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2015] [Accepted: 08/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Targeted radioiodine therapy for thyroid cancer is based on selective stimulation of Na+/I- Symporter (NIS)-mediated radioactive iodide uptake (RAIU) in thyroid cells by thyrotropin. Patients with advanced thyroid cancer do not benefit from radioiodine therapy due to reduced or absent NIS expression. To identify inhibitors that can be readily translated into clinical care, we examined oncological pipeline inhibitors targeting Akt, MEK, PI3K, Hsp90 or BRAF in their ability to increase RAIU in thyroid cells expressing BRAFV600E or RET/PTC3 oncogene. Our data showed that (1) PI3K inhibitor GDC-0941 outperformed other inhibitors in RAIU increase mainly by decreasing iodide efflux rate to a great extent; (2) RAIU increase by all inhibitors was extensively reduced by TGF-β, a cytokine secreted in the invasive fronts of thyroid cancers; (3) RAIU reduction by TGF-β was mainly mediated by NIS reduction and could be reversed by Apigenin, a plant-derived flavonoid; and (4) In the presence of TGF-β, GDC-0941 with Apigenin co-treatment had the highest RAIU level in both BRAFV600E expressing cells and RET/PTC3 expressing cells. Taken together, Apigenin may serve as a dietary supplement along with small molecule inhibitors to improve radioiodine therapeutic efficacy on invasive tumor margins thereby minimizing future metastatic events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aparna Lakshmanan
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH-43210, USA.,Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology Graduate Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH-43210, USA
| | - Daniel Scarberry
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH-43210, USA.,Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology Graduate Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH-43210, USA
| | - Jill A Green
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH-43210, USA
| | - Xiaoli Zhang
- Center for Biostatistics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH-43210, USA
| | - Samia Selmi-Ruby
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de LYON (CRCL)-UMR 1052-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université de LYON, F-69372, France
| | - Sissy M Jhiang
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH-43210, USA.,Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology Graduate Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH-43210, USA.,Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH-43210, USA
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19
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Yazgan A, Yıldırım N, Gözalan A, Gümüştaş S, Kılıçarslan A, Balci S, Aydın C, Ersoy R, Cakir B, Güler G. The correlation of sodium iodide symporter and BRAFV600E mutation in classical variant papillary thyroid carcinoma. Ann Diagn Pathol 2016; 22:58-62. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anndiagpath.2016.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2016] [Revised: 03/26/2016] [Accepted: 04/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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20
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Dong H, Shen WZ, Yan YJ, Yi JL, Zhang L. Effects of BRAF(V600E) mutation on Na(+)/I(-) symporter expression in papillary thyroid carcinoma. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 36:77-81. [PMID: 26838744 DOI: 10.1007/s11596-016-1545-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2015] [Revised: 12/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Radioiodine ablation (RIA) therapy is one of the most important treatments for papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC), but some patients who received (131)I have radioiodine-refractory disease caused by the decreased expression of the Na(+)/I(-) symporter (NIS). BRAF(V600E) mutation is one possible risk factor that can disturb the NIS expression, but the roles are unclear in clinical practice. This research discussed the association of BRAF(V600E) mutation and NIS expression in PTC tissue and the clinical implications in RIA therapy. 134 PTC samples were collected between June 2013 and June 2014 from Tongji Hospital affiliated to Tongji Medical College, and their clinical characteristics were analyzed. RT-PCR was used to detect the BRAF(V600E) mutation from formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded samples, and immunohistochemistry was applied to detect the NIS expression. IPP software was used to calculate the relative expression quantity of NIS. We found that there was no significant correlation between the absorbance (A) values of NIS and clinicopathologic features in these cases, even thyroid stimulating hormone. BRAF(V600E) mutation showed inhibitory effect on the NIS expression without statistically significant difference in all PTC cases (β=-0.0195, P=0.085), but in the subgroup without hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT), BRAF(V600E) mutation could significantly inhibit the NIS expression (β=-0.0257, P=0.046). The results indicate that BRAF(V600E) mutation is correlated with a lower expression of NIS in PTCs without HT, suggesting the radioiodine-refractory effects during RIA therapy in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Dong
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Wen-Zhuang Shen
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Yu-Jing Yan
- Department of Medical Ultrasound, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Ji-Lin Yi
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Lin Zhang
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.
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21
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Lin CY, Lin CL, Huang WS, Kao CH. Risk of Breast Cancer in Patients with Thyroid Cancer Receiving or Not Receiving 131I Treatment: A Nationwide Population-Based Cohort Study. J Nucl Med 2015; 57:685-90. [PMID: 26719377 DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.115.164830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2015] [Accepted: 12/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED An increased risk of second primary malignancy after (131)I therapy has been reported. The objective of this study was to determine the risk of breast cancer in patients with thyroid cancer receiving or not receiving radioiodine treatment in Taiwan. METHODS This nationwide population-based cohort study was conducted using data obtained from the Taiwan National Health Insurance Database from 2000 to 2011. A total of 10,361 female patients with thyroid cancer (3,292 did not receive (131)I treatment and 7,069 received (131)I treatment) were enrolled, and 41,444 female controls were frequency-matched to the thyroid cancer patients in a 1:4 ratio by age (5-y age group). A Cox proportional hazards model was applied to estimate the risk of breast cancer in thyroid cancer patients receiving or not receiving (131)I treatment in terms of hazard ratios and 95% and 98% confidence intervals. RESULTS The incidence rates of breast cancer in patients with thyroid cancer receiving (131)I therapy, those not receiving (131)I therapy, and controls were 18.9, 17.7, and 13.1 per 10,000 person-years, respectively. Compared with patients with thyroid cancer treated with a cumulative (131)I dose of 4.44 GBq or less, the risk of breast cancer was not significantly increased in those treated with a cumulative (131)I dose of more than 4.44 GBq (adjusted hazard ratio, 0.78; 95% confidence interval, 0.50-1.21, P = 0.26; 98% confidence interval, 0.45-1.33, P > 0.02). CONCLUSION The greatest increased risk of breast cancer in patients with thyroid cancer is associated with the fact that the patient has thyroid cancer regardless of (131)I administration. However, (131)I further increased that risk but not as much as just having thyroid cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Yi Lin
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Show Chwan Memorial Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan Research Assistant Center, Show Chwan Memorial Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Li Lin
- Management Office for Health Data, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Sheng Huang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, and Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Hung Kao
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Science and School of Medicine, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; and Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
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22
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Ma S, Wang Q, Ma X, Wu L, Guo F, Ji H, Liu F, Zhao Y, Qin G. FoxP3 in papillary thyroid carcinoma induces NIS repression through activation of the TGF-β1/Smad signaling pathway. Tumour Biol 2015; 37:989-98. [PMID: 26264613 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-015-3848-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2015] [Accepted: 07/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Forkhead box P3 (FoxP3) expression in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is associated with resistance to radioiodine treatment. The sodium iodine symporter (NIS) is a plasma membrane glycoprotein, the repression of which may render the tumor refractive to radioiodine therapy. In this study, samples from 90 PTCs as well as 40 normal thyroid tissues were examined for FoxP3 and NIS by immunohistochemistry and real-time PCR. We found that FoxP3 was associated with decreased NIS expression. Lentiviral-mediated FoxP3-overexpressing cells were constructed and real-time PCR and western blotting were performed to evaluate the expression of NIS. Meanwhile, key members of the transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) pathway were explored by ELISA and immunofluorescence and a neutralizing TGF-β1 antibody was used to block activity. In vitro, FoxP3 overexpression significantly reduced NIS transcript and protein levels and the TGF-β1 pathway was activated. However, treatment with neutralizing TGF-β1 antibody partially abrogated FoxP3-induced NIS repression. These findings suggest that FoxP3 could compromise NIS expression by inducing TGF-β1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyuan Ma
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, 40 Daxue Road, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Qingzhu Wang
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, 40 Daxue Road, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Xiaojun Ma
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, 40 Daxue Road, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Lina Wu
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, 40 Daxue Road, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Feng Guo
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, 40 Daxue Road, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Hongfei Ji
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, 40 Daxue Road, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Fei Liu
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, 40 Daxue Road, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Yanyan Zhao
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, 40 Daxue Road, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Guijun Qin
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, 40 Daxue Road, Zhengzhou, 450052, China.
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China.
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