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Gomes PT, Rosse IC, Moraes LÂG, Kalapothakis E, de Azevedo CS, Cardoso DC, Cristiano MP. Genetic diversity and relatedness in captive collared peccaries Dicotyles tajacu (Linnaeus, 1758) (Cetartiodactyla: Tayassuidae) estimated by microsatellite genotyping using high-throughput sequencing: Implications for their conservation and reintroduction. Zoo Biol 2023; 42:789-796. [PMID: 37466265 DOI: 10.1002/zoo.21796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Abstract
The global population of Dicotyles tajacu (Linnaeus, 1758) (Cetartiodactyla: Tayassuidae), commonly known as the collared peccary and distributed in the Neotropics, is currently in decline due to anthropogenic pressures. In this study, five microsatellite loci were used to genetically characterize a group of 20 captive-born collared peccaries intended for reintroduction. This study aimed to evaluate the genetic diversity and relatedness of captive individuals using microsatellite markers. The genetic data generated were used to evaluate the viability of the reintroduction and to propose measures for the management and conservation of this species. In this study, we found relatively high genetic diversity indices, indicating that the group was genetically diverse. Inbreeding coefficients with negative values were observed, indicating an excess of alleles in heterozygosis and an absence of inbreeding. One locus showed deviation from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, which may have been caused by the mixing of individuals from different origins. Relatedness analysis indicated that some individuals were highly related, with coefficients indicating they may be first-degree relatives. Our findings indicate that the studied group has enough genetic diversity to be released into nature, but the high individual relatedness found would require the adoption of strategies after the release of animals in the wild to ensure their persistence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Teixeira Gomes
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia de Biomas Tropicais, Instituto de Ciências Exatas e Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto (UFOP), Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Izinara Cruz Rosse
- Departamento de Farmácia, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto (UFOP), Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- Laboratório Multiusuário de Bioinformática da Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto (UFOP), Núcleo de Pesquisa em Ciências Biológicas (NUPEB), Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Lauro Ângelo Gonçalves Moraes
- Laboratório Multiusuário de Bioinformática da Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto (UFOP), Núcleo de Pesquisa em Ciências Biológicas (NUPEB), Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Evanguedes Kalapothakis
- Departamento de Genética, Evolução e Ecologia, Laboratório de Biotecnologia e Marcadores Moleculares, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Cristiano Schetini de Azevedo
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia de Biomas Tropicais, Instituto de Ciências Exatas e Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto (UFOP), Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- Departamento de Biodiversidade Evolução e Meio Ambiente, Instituto de Ciências Exatas e Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto (UFOP), Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Danon Clemes Cardoso
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia de Biomas Tropicais, Instituto de Ciências Exatas e Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto (UFOP), Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- Departamento de Biodiversidade Evolução e Meio Ambiente, Instituto de Ciências Exatas e Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto (UFOP), Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Maykon Passos Cristiano
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia de Biomas Tropicais, Instituto de Ciências Exatas e Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto (UFOP), Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- Departamento de Biodiversidade Evolução e Meio Ambiente, Instituto de Ciências Exatas e Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto (UFOP), Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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Leonardo DE, Nogueira-Filho SLG, de Góes Maciel F, Biondo C, Mendl M, Nogueira SSDC. Third-party conflict interventions are kin biased in captive white-lipped peccaries (Mammalia, Tayassuidae). Behav Processes 2021; 193:104524. [PMID: 34592345 DOI: 10.1016/j.beproc.2021.104524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Revised: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Third-party interventions may regulate conflicts to reduce aggression and promote cohesion amongst group members, but are rarely documented in ungulates. The white-lipped peccary (Tayassu pecari) lives in mixed-sex herds of hundreds of individuals in Neotropical forests, which are likely to benefit from mechanisms that sustain social cohesiveness. We examined third-party conflict interventions between individuals in captive groups of white-lipped peccaries. During a period of 60 days, we recorded agonistic interactions and occurrences of third-party conflict interventions, and estimated the genetic relatedness between the individuals involved using multilocus microsatellite genotypes. Most third-party conflict interventions were by the dominant male of each group, resulting in conflict termination 100% of the time. Our results also revealed that white-lipped peccaries favour their closest relatives and that individuals showed lower levels of aggression towards kin than to non-kin, and interventions on behalf of kin were more frequent than on behalf of non-kin. Our findings support the idea that genetic relatedness is fundamental in both social structure and third-party conflict interventions in this species, allowing us to suggest that kin selection could have a key role in the evolution of social behaviour of white-lipped peccaries.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sérgio Luiz Gama Nogueira-Filho
- Laboratório de Etologia Aplicada, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Ilhéus, Bahia, Brazil; National Institute of Science and Technology in Interdisciplinary and Transdisciplinary Studies in Ecology and Evolution (INCT IN-TREE), Bahia, Brazil
| | - Fernanda de Góes Maciel
- Centro de Ciências Naturais e Humanas (CCNH), Universidade Federal do ABC (UFABC), São Bernardo do Campo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Cibele Biondo
- Centro de Ciências Naturais e Humanas (CCNH), Universidade Federal do ABC (UFABC), São Bernardo do Campo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Michael Mendl
- Bristol Veterinary School, University of Bristol, Langford House, Langford, UK
| | - Selene Siqueira da Cunha Nogueira
- Laboratório de Etologia Aplicada, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Ilhéus, Bahia, Brazil; National Institute of Science and Technology in Interdisciplinary and Transdisciplinary Studies in Ecology and Evolution (INCT IN-TREE), Bahia, Brazil.
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Leite DA, Keuroghlian A, Rufo DA, Miyaki CY, Biondo C. Genetic evidence of promiscuity in a mammal without apparent sexual dimorphism, the white-lipped peccary (Tayassu pecari). Mamm Biol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mambio.2018.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Biondo C, Izar P, Miyaki CY, Bussab VSR. Social structure of collared peccaries (Pecari tajacu): does relatedness matter? Behav Processes 2014; 109 Pt A:70-8. [PMID: 25173619 DOI: 10.1016/j.beproc.2014.08.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2014] [Revised: 08/19/2014] [Accepted: 08/20/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Relatedness is considered an important factor in shaping social structure as the association among kin might facilitate cooperation via inclusive fitness benefits. We addressed here the influence of relatedness on the social structure of a Neotropical ungulate, the collared peccary (Pecari tajacu). As peccaries are highly social and cooperative, live in stable cohesive herds and show certain degree of female philopatry and high mean relatedness within herds, we hypothesized that kin would be spatially closer and display more amicable and less agonistic interactions than non-kin. We recorded spatial association patterns and rates of interactions of two captive groups. Pairwise relatedness was calculated based on microsatellite data. As predicted, we found that kin were spatially closer than non-kin, which suggests that relatedness is a good predictor of spatial association in peccaries. However, relatedness did not predict the rates of social interactions. Although our results indirectly indicate some role of sex, age and familiarity, further studies are needed to clarify the factors that shape the rates of interactions in collared peccaries. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Neotropical Behaviour.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cibele Biondo
- Departamento de Psicologia Experimental, Instituto de Psicologia, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Prof. Mello Moraes 1721, São Paulo, SP 05508-030, Brazil; Departamento de Genética e Biologia Evolutiva, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, Rua do Matão 277, São Paulo, SP 05508-090, Brazil.
| | - Patrícia Izar
- Departamento de Psicologia Experimental, Instituto de Psicologia, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Prof. Mello Moraes 1721, São Paulo, SP 05508-030, Brazil
| | - Cristina Y Miyaki
- Departamento de Genética e Biologia Evolutiva, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, Rua do Matão 277, São Paulo, SP 05508-090, Brazil
| | - Vera S R Bussab
- Departamento de Psicologia Experimental, Instituto de Psicologia, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Prof. Mello Moraes 1721, São Paulo, SP 05508-030, Brazil
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