Ethics of artificial intelligence in prenatal and pediatric genomic medicine

The Artificial Third: A Broad View of the Effects of Introducing Generative Artificial Intelligence on Psychotherapy

Unlabelled

This paper explores a significant shift in the field of mental health in general and psychotherapy in particular following generative artificial intelligence's new capabilities in processing and generating humanlike language. Following Freud, this lingo-technological development is conceptualized as the "fourth narcissistic blow" that science inflicts on humanity. We argue that this narcissistic blow has a potentially dramatic influence on perceptions of human society, interrelationships, and the self. We should, accordingly, expect dramatic changes in perceptions of the therapeutic act following the emergence of what we term the artificial third in the field of psychotherapy. The introduction of an artificial third marks a critical juncture, prompting us to ask the following important core questions that address two basic elements of critical thinking, namely, transparency and autonomy: (1) What is this new artificial presence in therapy relationships? (2) How does it reshape our perception of ourselves and our interpersonal dynamics? and (3) What remains of the irreplaceable human elements at the core of therapy? Given the ethical implications that arise from these questions, this paper proposes that the artificial third can be a valuable asset when applied with insight and ethical consideration, enhancing but not replacing the human touch in therapy.

Integrating Artificial Intelligence in Pediatric Healthcare: Parental Perceptions and Ethical Implications

BACKGROUND

Our study aimed to explore the way artificial intelligence (AI) utilization is perceived in pediatric medicine, examining its acceptance among patients (in this case represented by their adult parents), and identify the challenges it presents in order to understand the factors influencing its adoption in clinical settings.

METHODS

A structured questionnaire was applied to caregivers (parents or grandparents) of children who presented in tertiary pediatric clinics.

RESULTS

The most significant differentiations were identified in relation to the level of education (e.g., aversion to AI involvement was 22.2% among those with postgraduate degrees, 43.9% among those with university degrees, and 54.5% among those who only completed high school). The greatest fear among respondents regarding the medical use of AI was related to the possibility of errors occurring (70.1%).

CONCLUSIONS

The general attitude toward the use of AI can be considered positive, provided that it remains human-supervised, and that the technology used is explained in detail by the physician. However, there were large differences among groups (mainly defined by education level) in the way AI is perceived and accepted.