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Ji T, Zan C, Li L, Cao J, Su Y, Wang H, Wu Z, Yang MF, Dou K, Li S. Molecular Imaging of Fibroblast Activation in Rabbit Atherosclerotic Plaques: a Preclinical PET/CT Study. Mol Imaging Biol 2024; 26:680-692. [PMID: 38664355 DOI: 10.1007/s11307-024-01919-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 04/13/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
AIM Atherosclerosis remains the pathological basis of myocardial infarction and ischemic stroke. Early and accurate identification of plauqes is crucial to improve clinical outcomes of atherosclerosis patients. Our study aims to evaluate the potential value of fibroblast activation protein inhibitor (FAPI)-04 PET/CT in identifying plaques via a preclinical rabbit model of atherosclerosis. METHODS New Zealand white rabbits were fed high-fat diet (HFD), and randomly divided into the model group injured by the balloon, and the sham group only with incisions. Ultrasound was performed to detect plaques, and FAPI-avid was determined through Al18F-NOTA-FAPI-04 PET/CT. Mean standardized uptake values (SUVmean) in lesions were compared, and biodistribution of Al18F-NOTA-FAPI-04 and target-to-background ratios (TBRs) were calculated. Histological staining was performed to display arterial plaques, and autoradiography (ARG) was employed to measure the in vitro intensity of Al18F-NOTA-FAPI-04. At last, the correlation among FAP levels, plaque area, SUVmean values and fibrous cap thickness was assessed. RESULTS The rabbit carotid and abdominal atherosclerosis model was established. Al18F-NOTA-FAPI-04 showed a higher uptake in carotid plaques (SUVmean 1.32 ± 0.11) and abdominal plaques (SUVmean 0.73 ± 0.13) compared to corresponding controls (SUVmean 1.07 ± 0.06; 0.46 ± 0.03) (P < 0.05). Biodistribution analysis of Al18F-NOTA-FAPI-04 revealed that the bigger plaques were delineated with higher TBRs. Pathological staining showed the formation of arterial plaques, and ARG staining exhibited a higher intensity of Al18F-NOTA-FAPI-04 in the bigger plaques. Lastly, plaque area was found to be positively correlated to FAP expression and SUVmean, while FAP expression was negatively correlated to fibrous cap thickness of plaques. CONCLUSIONS We successfully achieve molecular imaging of fibroblast activation in atherosclerotic lesions of rabbits, suggesting Al18F-NOTA-FAPI-04 PET/CT may be a potentially valuable tool to identify plaques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianxiong Ji
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, China
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, China
| | - Chunfang Zan
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, China
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Molecular Imaging of Precision Medicine, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, China
- College of Medical Imaging, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, China
| | - Lina Li
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100020, China
| | - Jianbo Cao
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, China
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Molecular Imaging of Precision Medicine, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, China
| | - Yao Su
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100020, China
| | - Hongliang Wang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, China
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Molecular Imaging of Precision Medicine, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, China
| | - Zhifang Wu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, China.
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, China.
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Molecular Imaging of Precision Medicine, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, China.
| | - Min-Fu Yang
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Molecular Imaging of Precision Medicine, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, China.
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100020, China.
| | - Kefei Dou
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Beijing, 100037, China.
- Cardiometabolic Medicine Center, Fu Wai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100037, China.
| | - Sijin Li
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, China.
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, China.
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Molecular Imaging of Precision Medicine, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, China.
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Beaudoin AM, Ho JK, Lam A, Thijs V. Radiomics Studies on Ischemic Stroke and Carotid Atherosclerotic Disease: A Reporting Quality Assessment. Can Assoc Radiol J 2024; 75:549-557. [PMID: 38420881 DOI: 10.1177/08465371241234545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective: To assess the reporting quality of radiomics studies on ischemic stroke, intracranial and carotid atherosclerotic disease using the Image Biomarker Standardization Initiative (IBSI) reporting guidelines with the aim of finding avenues of improvement for future publications. Method: PubMed database was searched to identify relevant radiomics studies. Of 560 articles, 41 original research articles were included in this analysis. Based on IBSI radiomics reporting guidelines, checklists for CT-based and MRI-based studies were created to allow a structured and comprehensive evaluation of each study's adherence to these guidelines. Results: The main topics covered included radiomics studies were ischemic stroke, intracranial artery disease, and carotid atherosclerotic disease. The reporting checklist median score was 17/40 for the 20 CT-based radiomics studies and 22.5/50 for the 20 MRI-based studies. Basic items like imaging modality, region of interest, and image biomarker set utilized were included in all studies. However, details regarding image acquisition and reconstruction, post-acquisition image processing, and image biomarkers computation were inconsistently detailed across studies. Conclusion: The overall reporting quality of the included radiomics studies was suboptimal. These findings underscore a pressing need for improved reporting practices in radiomics research, to ensure validation and reproducibility of results. Our study provides insights into current reporting standards and highlights specific areas where adherence to IBSI guidelines could be significantly improved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ann-Marie Beaudoin
- Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
- The Florey, Heidelberg, VIC, Australia
| | - Jan Kee Ho
- The Florey, Heidelberg, VIC, Australia
- Department of Neurology, Austin Health, Heidelberg, VIC, Australia
| | | | - Vincent Thijs
- The Florey, Heidelberg, VIC, Australia
- Department of Neurology, Austin Health, Heidelberg, VIC, Australia
- Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Heidelberg, VIC, Australia
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Scicolone R, Vacca S, Pisu F, Benson JC, Nardi V, Lanzino G, Suri JS, Saba L. Radiomics and artificial intelligence: General notions and applications in the carotid vulnerable plaque. Eur J Radiol 2024; 176:111497. [PMID: 38749095 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejrad.2024.111497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2024] [Revised: 04/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/17/2024]
Abstract
Carotid atherosclerosis plays a substantial role in cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Given the multifaceted impact of this disease, there has been increasing interest in harnessing artificial intelligence (AI) and radiomics as complementary tools for the quantitative analysis of medical imaging data. This integrated approach holds promise not only in refining medical imaging data analysis but also in optimizing the utilization of radiologists' expertise. By automating time consuming tasks, AI allows radiologists to focus on more pertinent responsibilities. Simultaneously, the capacity of AI in radiomics to extract nuanced patterns from raw data enhances the exploration of carotid atherosclerosis, advancing efforts in terms of (1) early detection and diagnosis, (2) risk stratification and predictive modeling, (3) improving workflow efficiency, and (4) contributing to advancements in research. This review provides an overview of general concepts related to radiomics and AI, along with their application in the field of carotid vulnerable plaque. It also offers insights into various research studies conducted on this topic across different imaging techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Scicolone
- Department of Radiology, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria (A.O.U.), di Cagliari-Polo di Monserrato, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Sebastiano Vacca
- University of Cagliari, School of Medicine and Surgery, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Francesco Pisu
- Department of Radiology, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria (A.O.U.), di Cagliari-Polo di Monserrato, Cagliari, Italy
| | - John C Benson
- Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Valentina Nardi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | | | - Jasjit S Suri
- Stroke Monitoring and Diagnostic Division, AtheroPoint™, Roseville, CA, USA
| | - Luca Saba
- Department of Radiology, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria (A.O.U.), di Cagliari-Polo di Monserrato, Cagliari, Italy.
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Hou C, Liu XY, Du Y, Cheng LG, Liu LP, Nie F, Zhang W, He W. Radiomics in Carotid Plaque: A Systematic Review and Radiomics Quality Score Assessment. ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE & BIOLOGY 2023; 49:2437-2445. [PMID: 37718124 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2023.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
Imaging modalities provide information on plaque morphology and vulnerability; however, they are operator dependent and miss a great deal of microscopic information. Recently, many radiomics models for carotid plaque that identify unstable plaques and predict cardiovascular outcomes have been proposed. This systematic review was aimed at assessing whether radiomics is a reliable and reproducible method for the clinical prediction of carotid plaque. A systematic search was conducted to identify studies published in PubMed and Cochrane library from January 1, 2001, to September 30, 2022. Both retrospective and prospective studies that developed and/or validated machine learning models based on radiomics data to classify or predict carotid plaques were included. The general characteristics of each included study were selected, and the methodological quality of radiomics reports and risk of bias were evaluated using the radiomics quality score (RQS) tool and Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies-2, respectively. Two investigators independently reviewed each study, and the consensus data were used for analysis. A total of 2429 patients from 16 studies were included. The mean area under the curve of radiomics models for diagnostic or predictive performance of the included studies was 0.88 ± 0.02, with a range of 0.741-0.989. The mean RQS was 9.25 (standard deviation: 6.04), representing 25.7% of the possible maximum value of 36, whereas the lowest point was -2, and the highest score was 22. Radiomics models have revealed additional information on patients with carotid plaque, but with respect to methodological quality, radiomics reports are still in their infancy, and many hurdles need to be overcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Hou
- Department of Ultrasound, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, China; Department of Ultrasound, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xin-Yao Liu
- Department of Ultrasound, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yue Du
- Department of Ultrasound, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Ling-Gang Cheng
- Department of Ultrasound, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Lu-Ping Liu
- Department of Ultrasound, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, China
| | - Fang Nie
- Department of Ultrasound, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Ultrasound, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Wen He
- Department of Ultrasound, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, China; Department of Ultrasound, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
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Zhang S, Jiang S, Wang C, Han C. Comparison of ultrasonic shear wave elastography, AngioPLUS planewave ultrasensitive imaging, and optimized high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging in evaluating carotid plaque stability. PeerJ 2023; 11:e16150. [PMID: 37786575 PMCID: PMC10541810 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.16150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective This study aimed to compare the efficiency of evaluating carotid plaque stability using ultrasonic shear wave elastography (SWE), AngioPLUS planewave ultrasensitive imaging (AP), and optimized high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Methods A total of 100 patients who underwent carotid endarterectomy at our hospital from October 2019 to August 2022 were enrolled. Based on the final clinical diagnosis, these patients were divided into vulnerable (n = 62) and stable (n = 38) plaque groups. All patients were examined using ultrasound SWE, AP, and optimized high-resolution MRI before surgery. The clinical data and ultrasound characteristics of patients of the two groups were compared. Considering the final clinical diagnosis as the gold standard, the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV) of SWE, AP, high-resolution MRI, and the final clinical diagnosis of vulnerable plaque were calculated. Pearson's correlation test was used to analyze the correlations of AP, SWE, and MRI results with the grading results of carotid artery stenosis. Results Statistically significant differences were noticed in terms of the history of smoking and coronary heart disease, plaque thickness, surface rules, calcified nodules, low echo area, and the degree of carotid artery stenosis between the two groups (P < 0.05). Considering the final clinical diagnosis as the gold standard, the sensitivity, specificity, PPV, and NPV of SWE-based detection of carotid artery vulnerability were 87.10% (54/62), 76.32% (29/38), 85.71% (54/63) and 78.38% (29/37), respectively, showing a general consistency with the final clinical results (Kappa = 0.637, P < 0.05). Considering the final clinical diagnosis as the gold standard, the sensitivity, specificity, PPV and NPV of AP-based detection of carotid artery vulnerability were 93.55% (58/62), 84.21% (32/38), 90.63% (58/64), and 88.89% (32/36), respectively, which agreed with the final clinical detection results (Kappa = 0.786, P < 0.05). Considering the final clinical diagnosis as the gold standard, the sensitivity, specificity, PPV and NPV of high-resolution MRI-based detection of carotid artery vulnerability were 88.71% (55/62), 78.95% (30/38), 87.30% (55/63), and 81.08% (30/37), respectively, showing consistency with the final clinical results (Kappa = 0.680, P < 0.05). AP, SWE, and MRI results were positively correlated with the results of carotid artery stenosis grading (P < 0.05). Conclusion AP technology is a non-invasive, inexpensive, and highly sensitive method to evaluate the stability of carotid artery plaques. This method can dynamically display the flow of blood in new vessels of plaque in real time and provide a reference for clinical diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaoqin Zhang
- Department of Ultrasound, Yantaishan Hospital, Yantai, China
| | - Shuyan Jiang
- Department of Ultrasound, Yantaishan Hospital, Yantai, China
| | - Chunye Wang
- Department of Imaging Division, Yantaishan Hospital, Yantai, China
| | - Chao Han
- Department of Ultrasound, Yantaishan Hospital, Yantai, China
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Lareyre F, Chaudhuri A, Behrendt CA, Pouhin A, Teraa M, Boyle JR, Tulamo R, Raffort J. Artificial intelligence-based predictive models in vascular diseases. Semin Vasc Surg 2023; 36:440-447. [PMID: 37863618 DOI: 10.1053/j.semvascsurg.2023.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease represents a source of major health problems worldwide, and although medical and technical advances have been achieved, they are still associated with high morbidity and mortality rates. Personalized medicine would benefit from novel tools to better predict individual prognosis and outcomes after intervention. Artificial intelligence (AI) has brought new insights to cardiovascular medicine, especially with the use of machine learning techniques that allow the identification of hidden patterns and complex associations in health data without any a priori assumptions. This review provides an overview on the use of artificial intelligence-based prediction models in vascular diseases, specifically focusing on aortic aneurysm, lower extremity arterial disease, and carotid stenosis. Potential benefits include the development of precision medicine in patients with vascular diseases. In addition, the main challenges that remain to be overcome to integrate artificial intelligence-based predictive models in clinical practice are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabien Lareyre
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Hospital of Antibes Juan-les-Pins, France; Université Côte d'Azur, INSERM U1065, C3M, Nice, France
| | - Arindam Chaudhuri
- Bedfordshire-Milton Keynes Vascular Centre, Bedfordshire Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Bedford, UK
| | - Christian-Alexander Behrendt
- Brandenburg Medical School Theodor-Fontane, Neuruppin, Germany; Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Asklepios Medical School Hamburg, Asklepios Clinic Wandsbek, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Alexandre Pouhin
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Dijon University Hospital, Dijon, France
| | - Martin Teraa
- Department of Vascular Surgery, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Jonathan R Boyle
- Cambridge Vascular Unit, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Trust and Department of Surgery, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Riikka Tulamo
- Department of Vascular Surgery, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Juliette Raffort
- Université Côte d'Azur, INSERM U1065, C3M, Nice, France; Institute 3IA Côte d'Azur, Université Côte d'Azur, France; Clinical Chemistry Laboratory, University Hospital of Nice, France.
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Gui C, Cao C, Zhang X, Zhang J, Ni G, Ming D. Radiomics and artificial neural networks modelling for identification of high-risk carotid plaques. Front Cardiovasc Med 2023; 10:1173769. [PMID: 37485276 PMCID: PMC10358979 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1173769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective In this study, we aimed to investigate the classification of symptomatic plaques by evaluating the models generated via two different approaches, a radiomics-based machine learning (ML) approach, and an end-to-end learning approach which utilized deep learning (DL) techniques with several representative model frameworks. Methods We collected high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging (HRMRI) data from 104 patients with carotid artery stenosis, who were diagnosed with either symptomatic plaques (SPs) or asymptomatic plaques (ASPs), in two medical centers. 74 patients were diagnosed with SPs and 30 patients were ASPs. Sampling Perfection with Application-optimized Contrasts (SPACE) by using different flip angle Evolutions was used for MRI imaging. Repeated stratified five-fold cross-validation was used to evaluate the accuracy and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) of the trained classifier. The two proposed approaches were investigated to train the models separately. The difference in the model performance of the two proposed methods was quantitatively evaluated to find a better model to differentiate between SPs and ASPs. Results 3D-SE-Densenet-121 model showed the best performance among all prediction models (AUC, accuracy, precision, sensitivity, and F1-score of 0.9300, 0.9308, 0.9008, 0.8588, and 0.8614, respectively), which were 0.0689, 0.1119, 0.1043, 0.0805, and 0.1089 higher than the best radiomics-based ML model (MLP). Decision curve analysis showed that the 3D-SE-Densenet-121 model delivered more net benefit than the best radiomics-based ML model (MLP) with a wider threshold probability. Conclusion The DL models were able to accurately differentiate between symptomatic and asymptomatic carotid plaques with limited data, which outperformed radiomics-based ML models in identifying symptomatic plaques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengzhi Gui
- Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | | | - Xin Zhang
- Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
| | - Jiaxin Zhang
- School of Medical Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Guangjian Ni
- Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Dong Ming
- Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
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Shan D, Wang S, Wang J, Lu J, Ren J, Chen J, Wang D, Qi P. Computed tomography angiography-based radiomics model for predicting carotid atherosclerotic plaque vulnerability. Front Neurol 2023; 14:1151326. [PMID: 37396779 PMCID: PMC10312009 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2023.1151326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Vulnerable carotid atherosclerotic plaque (CAP) significantly contributes to ischemic stroke. Neovascularization within plaques is an emerging biomarker linked to plaque vulnerability that can be detected using contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS). Computed tomography angiography (CTA) is a common method used in clinical cerebrovascular assessments that can be employed to evaluate the vulnerability of CAPs. Radiomics is a technique that automatically extracts radiomic features from images. This study aimed to identify radiomic features associated with the neovascularization of CAP and construct a prediction model for CAP vulnerability based on radiomic features. CTA data and clinical data of patients with CAPs who underwent CTA and CEUS between January 2018 and December 2021 in Beijing Hospital were retrospectively collected. The data were divided into a training cohort and a testing cohort using a 7:3 split. According to the examination of CEUS, CAPs were dichotomized into vulnerable and stable groups. 3D Slicer software was used to delineate the region of interest in CTA images, and the Pyradiomics package was used to extract radiomic features in Python. Machine learning algorithms containing logistic regression (LR), support vector machine (SVM), random forest (RF), light gradient boosting machine (LGBM), adaptive boosting (AdaBoost), extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost), and multi-layer perception (MLP) were used to construct the models. The confusion matrix, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, accuracy, precision, recall, and f-1 score were used to evaluate the performance of the models. A total of 74 patients with 110 CAPs were included. In all, 1,316 radiomic features were extracted, and 10 radiomic features were selected for machine-learning model construction. After evaluating several models on the testing cohorts, it was discovered that model_RF outperformed the others, achieving an AUC value of 0.93 (95% CI: 0.88-0.99). The accuracy, precision, recall, and f-1 score of model_RF in the testing cohort were 0.85, 0.87, 0.85, and 0.85, respectively. Radiomic features associated with the neovascularization of CAP were obtained. Our study highlights the potential of radiomics-based models for improving the accuracy and efficiency of diagnosing vulnerable CAP. In particular, the model_RF, utilizing radiomic features extracted from CTA, provides a noninvasive and efficient method for accurately predicting the vulnerability status of CAP. This model shows great potential for offering clinical guidance for early detection and improving patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dezhi Shan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Siyu Wang
- Department of Ultrasound, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Junjie Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Lu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Junhong Ren
- Department of Ultrasound, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Juan Chen
- Department of Radiology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Daming Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Peng Qi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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Sohn B, Won SY. Quality assessment of stroke radiomics studies: Promoting clinical application. Eur J Radiol 2023; 161:110752. [PMID: 36878154 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejrad.2023.110752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the quality of radiomics studies on stroke using a radiomics quality score (RQS), Minimum Information for Medial AI reporting (MINIMAR) and Transparent Reporting of a multivariable prediction model for Individual Prognosis Or Diagnosis (TRIPOD) to promote clinical application. METHODS PubMed MEDLINE and Embase were searched to identify radiomics studies on stroke. Of 464 articles, 52 relevant original research articles were included. The RQS, MINIMAR and TRIPOD were scored to evaluate the quality of the studies by neuroradiologists. RESULTS Only four studies (7.7 %) performed external validation. The mean RQS was 3.2 of 36 (8.9 %), and the basic adherence rate was 24.9 %. The adherence rate was low for conducting phantom study (1.9 %), stating comparison to 'gold standard' (1.9 %), offering potential clinical utility (13.5 %) and performing cost-effectiveness analysis (1.9 %). None of the studies performed a test-retest, stated biologic correlation, conducted prospective studies, or opened codes and data to the public, resulting in low RQS. The total MINIMAR adherence rate was 47.4 %. The overall adherence rate for TRIPOD was 54.6 %, with low scores for reporting the title (2.0 %), key elements of the study setting (6.1 %), and explaining the sample size (2.0 %). CONCLUSIONS The overall radiomics reporting quality and reporting of published radiomics studies on stoke was suboptimal. More thorough validation and open data are needed to increase clinical applicability of radiomics studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beomseok Sohn
- Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiological Science and Center for Clinical Imaging Data Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - So Yeon Won
- Department of Radiology, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
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Zhang X, Hua Z, Chen R, Jiao Z, Shan J, Li C, Li Z. Identifying vulnerable plaques: A 3D carotid plaque radiomics model based on HRMRI. Front Neurol 2023; 14:1050899. [PMID: 36779063 PMCID: PMC9908750 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2023.1050899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Identification of vulnerable carotid plaque is important for the treatment and prevention of stroke. In previous studies, plaque vulnerability was assessed qualitatively. We aimed to develop a 3D carotid plaque radiomics model based on high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging (HRMRI) to quantitatively identify vulnerable plaques. Methods Ninety patients with carotid atherosclerosis who underwent HRMRI were randomized into training and test cohorts. Using the radiological characteristics of carotid plaques, a traditional model was constructed. A 3D carotid plaque radiomics model was constructed using the radiomics features of 3D T1-SPACE and its contrast-enhanced sequences. A combined model was constructed using radiological and radiomics characteristics. Nomogram was generated based on the combined models, and ROC curves were utilized to assess the performance of each model. Results 48 patients (53.33%) were symptomatic and 42 (46.67%) were asymptomatic. The traditional model was constructed using intraplaque hemorrhage, plaque enhancement, wall remodeling pattern, and lumen stenosis, and it provided an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.816 vs. 0.778 in the training and testing sets. In the two cohorts, the 3D carotid plaque radiomics model and the combined model had an AUC of 0.915 vs. 0.835 and 0.957 vs. 0.864, respectively. In the training set, both the radiomics model and the combination model outperformed the traditional model, but there was no significant difference between the radiomics model and the combined model. Conclusions HRMRI-based 3D carotid radiomics models can improve the precision of detecting vulnerable carotid plaques, consequently improving risk classification and clinical decision-making in patients with carotid stenosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xun Zhang
- Department of Endovascular Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Zhaohui Hua
- Department of Endovascular Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Rui Chen
- Department of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Zhouyang Jiao
- Department of Endovascular Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Jintao Shan
- Department of Endovascular Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Chong Li
- Division of Vascular Surgery, New York University Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Zhen Li
- Department of Endovascular Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China,*Correspondence: Zhen Li ✉
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Advances in Noninvasive Carotid Wall Imaging with Ultrasound: A Narrative Review. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11206196. [PMID: 36294515 PMCID: PMC9604731 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11206196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Carotid atherosclerosis is a major cause for stroke, with significant associated disease burden morbidity and mortality in Western societies. Diagnosis, grading and follow-up of carotid atherosclerotic disease relies on imaging, specifically ultrasound (US) as the initial modality of choice. Traditionally, the degree of carotid lumen stenosis was considered the sole risk factor to predict brain ischemia. However, modern research has shown that a variety of other imaging biomarkers, such as plaque echogenicity, surface morphology, intraplaque neovascularization and vasa vasorum contribute to the risk for rupture of carotid atheromas with subsequent cerebrovascular events. Furthermore, the majority of embolic strokes of undetermined origin are probably arteriogenic and are associated with nonstenosing atheromas. Therefore, a state-of-the-art US scan of the carotid arteries should take advantage of recent technical developments and should provide detailed information about potential thrombogenic (/) and emboligenic arterial wall features. This manuscript reviews recent advances in ultrasonographic assessment of vulnerable carotid atherosclerotic plaques and highlights the fields of future development in multiparametric arterial wall imaging, in an attempt to convey the most important take-home messages for clinicians performing carotid ultrasound.
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Cheng X, Dong Z, Liu J, Li H, Zhou C, Zhang F, Wang C, Zhang Z, Lu G. Prediction of Carotid In-Stent Restenosis by Computed Tomography Angiography Carotid Plaque-Based Radiomics. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11113234. [PMID: 35683623 PMCID: PMC9180993 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11113234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Revised: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
In-stent restenosis (ISR) after carotid artery stenting (CAS) critically influences long-term CAS benefits and safety. The study was aimed at screening preoperative ISR-predictive features and developing predictive models. Thus, we retrospectively analyzed clinical and imaging data of 221 patients who underwent pre-CAS carotid computed tomography angiography (CTA) and whose digital subtraction angiography data for verifying ISR presence were available. Carotid plaque characteristics determined using CTA were used to build a traditional model. Backward elimination (likelihood ratio) was used for the radiomics model. Furthermore, a combined model was built using the traditional and radiomics features. Five-fold cross-validation was used to evaluate the accuracy of the trained classifier and stability of the selected features. Follow-up angiography showed ISR in 30 patients. Carotid plaque length and thickness were independently associated with ISR (multivariate analysis); regarding the conventional model, the area under the curve (AUC) was 0.84 and 0.82 in the training and validation cohorts, respectively. The corresponding AUC values for the radiomics-based model were 0.87 and 0.82, and those for the optimal combined model were 0.88 and 0.83. Plaque length and thickness could independently predict post-CAS ISR, and the combination of radiomics and plaque features afforded the best predictive performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqing Cheng
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing 210029, China; (X.C.); (J.L.); (C.Z.)
| | - Zheng Dong
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China;
| | - Jia Liu
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing 210029, China; (X.C.); (J.L.); (C.Z.)
| | - Hongxia Li
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Jinling Hospital, The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Nanjing 210000, China;
| | - Changsheng Zhou
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing 210029, China; (X.C.); (J.L.); (C.Z.)
| | - Fandong Zhang
- DeepWise AI Lab, Beijing 100080, China; (F.Z.); (C.W.)
| | - Churan Wang
- DeepWise AI Lab, Beijing 100080, China; (F.Z.); (C.W.)
| | - Zhiqiang Zhang
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing 210029, China; (X.C.); (J.L.); (C.Z.)
- Correspondence: (Z.Z.); (G.L.); Tel.: +86-139-1388-5490 (Z.Z.); +86-136-7514-5822 (G.L.)
| | - Guangming Lu
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing 210029, China; (X.C.); (J.L.); (C.Z.)
- Correspondence: (Z.Z.); (G.L.); Tel.: +86-139-1388-5490 (Z.Z.); +86-136-7514-5822 (G.L.)
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Chen S, Liu C, Chen X, Liu WV, Ma L, Zha Y. A Radiomics Approach to Assess High Risk Carotid Plaques: A Non-invasive Imaging Biomarker, Retrospective Study. Front Neurol 2022; 13:788652. [PMID: 35350403 PMCID: PMC8957977 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2022.788652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective This study aimed to construct a radiomics-based MRI sequence from high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging (HRMRI), combined with clinical high-risk factors for non-invasive differentiation of the plaque of symptomatic patients from asyptomatic patients. Methods A total of 115 patients were retrospectively recruited. HRMRI was performed, and patients were diagnosed with symptomatic plaques (SPs) and asymptomatic plaques (ASPs). Patients were randomly divided into training and test groups in the ratio of 7:3. T2WI was used for segmentation and extraction of the texture features. Max-Relevance and Min-Redundancy (mRMR) and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) were employed for the optimized model. Radscore was applied to construct a diagnostic model considering the T2WI texture features and patient demography to assess the power in differentiating SPs and ASPs. Results SPs and ASPs were seen in 75 and 40 patients, respectively. Thirty texture features were selected by mRMR, and LASSO identified a radscore of 16 radiomics features as being related to plaque vulnerability. The radscore, consisting of eight texture features, showed a better diagnostic performance than clinical information, both in the training (area under the curve [AUC], 0.923 vs. 0.713) and test groups (AUC, 0.989 vs. 0.735). The combination model of texture and clinical information had the best performance in assessing lesion vulnerability in both the training (AUC, 0.926) and test groups (AUC, 0.898). Conclusion This study demonstrated that HRMRI texture features provide incremental value for carotid atherosclerotic risk assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sihan Chen
- Department of Radiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University and Hubei General Hospital, Wuhan, China
| | - Changsheng Liu
- Department of Radiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University and Hubei General Hospital, Wuhan, China
| | - Xixiang Chen
- Department of Radiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University and Hubei General Hospital, Wuhan, China
| | - Weiyin Vivian Liu
- Advanced Application Team, MR Research, GE Healthcare, Beijing, China
| | - Ling Ma
- He Kang Corporate Management (SH) Co. Ltd, Shanghai, China
| | - Yunfei Zha
- Department of Radiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University and Hubei General Hospital, Wuhan, China
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14
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Zhang B. Letter to Relation of Carotid Plaque Features Detected with Ultrasonography‑Based Radiomics to Clinical Symptoms. Transl Stroke Res 2022; 13:505-506. [PMID: 35028923 DOI: 10.1007/s12975-021-00970-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Revised: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bin Zhang
- Department of Radiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, No. 613 Huangpu West Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510627, Guangdong, China.
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