1
|
Montaño-Samaniego M, Bravo-Estupiñan DM, Méndez-Guerrero O, Alarcón-Hernández E, Ibáñez-Hernández M. Strategies for Targeting Gene Therapy in Cancer Cells With Tumor-Specific Promoters. Front Oncol 2020; 10:605380. [PMID: 33381459 PMCID: PMC7768042 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.605380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is the second cause of death worldwide, surpassed only by cardiovascular diseases, due to the lack of early diagnosis, and high relapse rate after conventional therapies. Chemotherapy inhibits the rapid growth of cancer cells, but it also affects normal cells with fast proliferation rate. Therefore, it is imperative to develop other safe and more effective treatment strategies, such as gene therapy, in order to significantly improve the survival rate and life expectancy of patients with cancer. The aim of gene therapy is to transfect a therapeutic gene into the host cells to express itself and cause a beneficial biological effect. However, the efficacy of the proposed strategies has been insufficient for delivering the full potential of gene therapy in the clinic. The type of delivery vehicle (viral or non viral) chosen depends on the desired specificity of the gene therapy. The first gene therapy trials were performed with therapeutic genes driven by viral promoters such as the CMV promoter, which induces non-specific toxicity in normal cells and tissues, in addition to cancer cells. The use of tumor-specific promoters over-expressed in the tumor, induces specific expression of therapeutic genes in a given tumor, increasing their localized activity. Several cancer- and/or tumor-specific promoters systems have been developed to target cancer cells. This review aims to provide up-to-date information concerning targeting gene therapy with cancer- and/or tumor-specific promoters including cancer suppressor genes, suicide genes, anti-tumor angiogenesis, gene silencing, and gene-editing technology, as well as the type of delivery vehicle employed. Gene therapy can be used to complement traditional therapies to provide more effective treatments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mariela Montaño-Samaniego
- Laboratorio de Terapia Génica, Departamento de Bioquímica, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Diana M. Bravo-Estupiñan
- Laboratorio de Terapia Génica, Departamento de Bioquímica, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Oscar Méndez-Guerrero
- Laboratorio de Terapia Génica, Departamento de Bioquímica, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Ernesto Alarcón-Hernández
- Laboratorio de Genética Molecular, Departamento de Bioquímica, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Miguel Ibáñez-Hernández
- Laboratorio de Terapia Génica, Departamento de Bioquímica, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México, México
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Zhou J, Zhou Q, Shu G, Wang X, Lu Y, Chen H, Hu T, Cai J, Du Y, Yu R. Dual-Effect of Magnetic Resonance Imaging Reporter Gene in Diagnosis and Treatment of Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Int J Nanomedicine 2020; 15:7235-7249. [PMID: 33061378 PMCID: PMC7533905 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s257628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Propose The early diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with ferritin heavy chain (Fth) modified by alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) promoter has been studied. However, no study has focused on the considerable upregulation and specific targeting effects of transferrin receptors (TfR) caused by the transfection of plasmids encoded with the AFP promoter. Thus, the objective of our study was to investigate whether the transfection of Fth gene modified with AFP promoter (AFP@Fth) could be used for early diagnosis and enhanced treatment of HCC. Methods The AFP@Fth plasmid was transfected into AFP positive cells. The expression of intracellular Ferritin was verified by Western blot, and the upregulation of TfR was confirmed by immunofluorescence and flow cytometry analysis. Cellular iron accumulation resulting in decreased imaging signals was examined by magnetic resonance imagining. Doxorubicin liposome modified with transferrin (Tf-LPD) was prepared to investigate the efficiency of the subsequent treatment after transfection. The enhanced drug distribution and effects were investigated both in vitro and in vivo. Results Both Ferritin and TfR were overexpressed after transfection. The transfected cells showed higher intracellular iron accumulation and resulted in a lower MR T2-weighted imaging (T2WI) intensity, suggesting that the transfection of AFP@Fth could be a potential strategy for early diagnosis of liver cancer. The following treatment efficacy was revealed by Tf-LPD. As compared with un-transfected cells, transfected cells exhibited higher uptake of transferrin-modified liposomes (Tf-LP), which was due to the specific interaction between Tf and TfR overexpressed on the transfected cells. This is also the reason why Tf-LPD showed better in vitro and in vivo anticancer ability than doxorubicin loaded liposome (LPD). These results suggested that transfection of AFP@Fth could result in enhanced therapy of liver cancer. Conclusion Transfection of AFP@Fth could be used for early diagnosis and for enhanced treatment of live cancers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiaping Zhou
- Department of Radiology, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiaomei Zhou
- Department of Radiology, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, People's Republic of China
| | - Gaofeng Shu
- Institute of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaojie Wang
- Department of Radiology, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanfei Lu
- Department of Radiology, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, People's Republic of China
| | - Haiyan Chen
- Department of Radiology, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, People's Republic of China
| | - Tingting Hu
- Department of Radiology, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinsong Cai
- Department of Radiology, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongzhong Du
- Institute of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Risheng Yu
- Department of Radiology, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Zhang Q, Lu Y, Xu X, Li S, Du Y, Yu R. MR molecular imaging of HCC employing a regulated ferritin gene carried by a modified polycation vector. Int J Nanomedicine 2019; 14:3189-3201. [PMID: 31118631 PMCID: PMC6504634 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s191270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2018] [Accepted: 03/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose: Early diagnosis is essential for reducing liver cancer mortality, and molecular diagnosis by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is an emerging and promising technology. The chief aim of the present work is to use the ferritin gene, modified by the alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) promoter, carried by a highly safe vector, to produce signal contrast on T2-weighted MR imaging as an endogenous contrast agent, and to provide a highly specific target for subsequent therapy. Methods: Polyethyleneimine-β-cyclodextrin (PEI-β-CD, PC) was synthesized as a novel vector. The optimal nitrogen/phosphorus ratio (N/P) of the PC/plasmid DNA complex was determined by gel retardation, biophysical properties and transmission electron microscopy morphological analysis. The transfection efficiency was observed under a fluorescence microscope and analyzed by flow cytometry. Cellular iron accumulation caused by ferritin overexpression was verified by Prussian blue staining, and the resulting contrast imaging effect was examined by MRI. Results: The modified cationic polymer PC was much safer than high molecular weight PEI, and could condense plasmid DNA at an N/P ratio of 50 with suitable biophysical properties and a high transfection efficiency. Overexpression of ferritin enriched intracellular iron. The short-term iron imbalance initiated by AFP promoter regulation only occurred in hepatoma cells, resulting in signal contrast on MRI. The specific target TfR was also upregulated during this process. Conclusion: These results illustrate that the regulated ferritin gene carried by PC can be used as an endogenous contrast agent for MRI detection of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). This molecular imaging technique may promote safer early diagnosis of HCC, and provide a more highly specific target for future chemotherapy drugs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qian Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanfei Lu
- Department of Radiology, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoling Xu
- Institute of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Shujuan Li
- Institute of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongzhong Du
- Institute of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Risheng Yu
- Department of Radiology, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Renier C, Do J, Reyna-Neyra A, Foster D, De A, Vogel H, Jeffrey SS, Tse V, Carrasco N, Wapnir I. Regression of experimental NIS-expressing breast cancer brain metastases in response to radioiodide/gemcitabine dual therapy. Oncotarget 2018; 7:54811-54824. [PMID: 27363025 PMCID: PMC5342383 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.10238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2015] [Accepted: 05/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Treating breast cancer brain metastases (BCBMs) is challenging. Na+/I− symporter (NIS) expression in BCBMs would permit their selective targeting with radioiodide (131I−). We show impressive enhancement of tumor response by combining131I− with gemcitabine (GEM), a cytotoxic radiosensitizer. Nude mice mammary fat-pad (MFP) tumors and BCBMs were generated with braintropic MDA-MB-231Br cells transduced with bicistronically-linked NIS and firefly luciferase cDNAs. Response was monitored in vivo via bioluminescent imaging and NIS tumor expression.131I−/GEM therapy inhibited MFP tumor growth more effectively than either agent alone. BCBMs were treated with: high or low-dose GEM (58 or 14.5 mg/Kg×4); 131I− (1mCi or 2×0.5 mCi 7 days apart); and 131I−/GEM therapy. By post-injection day (PID) 25, 82-86% of controls and 78-83% of 131I−-treated BCBM grew, whereas 17% low-dose and 36% high-dose GEM regressed. The latter tumors were smaller than the controls with comparable NIS expression (~20% of cells). High and low-dose 131I−/GEM combinations caused 89% and 57% tumor regression, respectively. High-dose GEM/131I− delayed tumor growth: tumors increased 5-fold in size by PID45 (controls by PID18). Although fewer than 25% of cells expressed NIS, GEM/131I− caused dramatic tumor regression in NIS-transduced BCBMs. This effect was synergistic, and supports the hypothesis that GEM radiosensitizes cells to 131I−.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Corinne Renier
- Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - John Do
- Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Andrea Reyna-Neyra
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Deshka Foster
- Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Abhijit De
- Department of Radiology and Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford, Stanford, CA, USA.,Molecular Functional Imaging Laboratory, ACTREC Tata Memorial Centre, Navi Mumbai, India
| | - Hannes Vogel
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Stefanie S Jeffrey
- Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Victor Tse
- Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Nancy Carrasco
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Irene Wapnir
- Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Zhao Z, Huang R, Cai H, Liu B, Zeng Y, Kuang A. Targeting of pertechnetate imaging of HepG2 hepatocellular carcinoma through the transduction of the survivin promoter controls the sodium iodide symporter. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL PATHOLOGY 2017; 10:11037-11043. [PMID: 31966449 PMCID: PMC6965826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2017] [Accepted: 10/30/2017] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Currently, the intratumoral (i.t.) injection of adenovirus-mediated cancer gene therapy has been reported in numerous investigations. However, the intravenous (i.v.) injection of adenovirus is more suited for disseminated tumors and distant metastatic lesions. The survivin promoter, which has tumor-selective capability, was used to construct an adenoviral vector, and its feasibility to carry the sodium iodide symporter (NIS) gene for potential tumor-targeting transfection into carcinoma was evaluated in this study. An in vitro cellular assay using HepG2 hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells exhibited iodide uptake after infection with Ad-Sur-NIS, and the uptake reached a maximum level at 30 min. The effective half-life of 125I efflux from Ad-Sur-NIS infected HepG2 cells was 16.67 ± 1.08 min. Moreover, in vivo transfection of Ad-Sur-NIS via i.v. injection induced more effective transfection and, accordingly, induced higher uptake of pertechnetate in HCC xenograft tumors than did the non-specific transfection of Ad-CMV-NIS (i.v.) (P<0.05), indicating possible selective NIS gene-transfecting image strategies by the survivin promoter.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Zhao
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, West China Hospital of Sichuan University Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Rui Huang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, West China Hospital of Sichuan University Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Huawei Cai
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, West China Hospital of Sichuan University Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Bin Liu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, West China Hospital of Sichuan University Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Yu Zeng
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, West China Hospital of Sichuan University Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Anren Kuang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, West China Hospital of Sichuan University Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Kim KI, Chung HK, Park JH, Lee YJ, Kang JH. Alpha-fetoprotein-targeted reporter gene expression imaging in hepatocellular carcinoma. World J Gastroenterol 2016; 22:6127-6134. [PMID: 27468205 PMCID: PMC4945974 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v22.i27.6127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2016] [Revised: 05/02/2016] [Accepted: 05/23/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common cancers in Eastern Asia, and its incidence is increasing globally. Numerous experimental models have been developed to better our understanding of the pathogenic mechanism of HCC and to evaluate novel therapeutic approaches. Molecular imaging is a convenient and up-to-date biomedical tool that enables the visualization, characterization and quantification of biologic processes in a living subject. Molecular imaging based on reporter gene expression, in particular, can elucidate tumor-specific events or processes by acquiring images of a reporter gene’s expression driven by tumor-specific enhancers/promoters. In this review, we discuss the advantages and disadvantages of various experimental HCC mouse models and we present in vivo images of tumor-specific reporter gene expression driven by an alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) enhancer/promoter system in a mouse model of HCC. The current mouse models of HCC development are established by xenograft, carcinogen induction and genetic engineering, representing the spectrum of tumor-inducing factors and tumor locations. The imaging analysis approach of reporter genes driven by AFP enhancer/promoter is presented for these different HCC mouse models. Such molecular imaging can provide longitudinal information about carcinogenesis and tumor progression. We expect that clinical application of AFP-targeted reporter gene expression imaging systems will be useful for the detection of AFP-expressing HCC tumors and screening of increased/decreased AFP levels due to disease or drug treatment.
Collapse
|
7
|
Yang Y, Gong MF, Yang H, Zhang S, Wang GX, Su TS, Wen L, Zhang D. MR molecular imaging of tumours using ferritin heavy chain reporter gene expression mediated by the hTERT promoter. Eur Radiol 2016; 26:4089-4097. [PMID: 26960542 PMCID: PMC5052315 DOI: 10.1007/s00330-016-4259-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2015] [Revised: 12/06/2015] [Accepted: 01/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Objectives Using the human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) promoter and the modified ferritin heavy chain (Fth) reporter gene, reporter gene expression for MRI was examined in telomerase positive and negative tumour cells and xenografts. Methods Activity of the reporter gene expression vector Lenti-hTERT-Fth1-3FLAG-Puro was compared to constitutive CMV-driven expression and to the untransfected parental control in five tumour cell lines: A549, SKOV3, 293T, U2OS and HPDLF. In vitro, transfected cells were evaluated for FLAG-tagged protein expression, iron accumulation and transverse relaxation. In vivo, tumours transduced by lentiviral vector injection were imaged using T2*WI. Changes in tumour signal intensity were validated by histology. Results Only telomerase positive tumour cells expressed FLAG-tagged Fth and displayed an increase in R2* above the parental control, with a corresponding change in T2*WI. In addition, only telomerase positive tumours, transduced by injection of the reporter gene expression construct, exhibited a change in signal intensity on T2*WI. Tumour histology verified the expression of FLAG-tagged Fth and iron accumulation in telomerase positive tissue. Conclusion Reporter gene expression for MRI, using the Fth reporter and the hTERT promoter, may be a useful strategy for the non-invasive diagnosis of many types of cancer. Key points • Modified heavy chain of ferritin can serve as an MR reporter gene • hTERT promoter can direct the expression of reporter gene in cancer cells • MR reporter imaging mediated by hTERT promoter can be used for cancer diagnosis
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Yang
- Department of Radiology, XinQiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, ChongQing, 400037, People's Republic of China
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of ChengDu Medical College, ChengDu, 610500, People's Republic of China
| | - Ming-Fu Gong
- Department of Radiology, XinQiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, ChongQing, 400037, People's Republic of China
| | - Hua Yang
- Department of Radiology, XinQiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, ChongQing, 400037, People's Republic of China
| | - Song Zhang
- Department of Radiology, XinQiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, ChongQing, 400037, People's Republic of China
| | - Guang-Xian Wang
- Department of Radiology, XinQiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, ChongQing, 400037, People's Republic of China
| | - Tong-Sheng Su
- Department of Radiology, XinQiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, ChongQing, 400037, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Wen
- Department of Radiology, XinQiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, ChongQing, 400037, People's Republic of China.
| | - Dong Zhang
- Department of Radiology, XinQiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, ChongQing, 400037, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Adenovirus-mediated expression of human sodium-iodide symporter gene permits in vivo tracking of adipose tissue-derived stem cells in a canine myocardial infarction model. Nucl Med Biol 2015; 42:621-9. [PMID: 25899941 DOI: 10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2015.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2014] [Revised: 02/02/2015] [Accepted: 03/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In vivo tracking of the transplanted stem cells is important in pre-clinical research of stem cell therapy for myocardial infarction. We examined the feasibility of adenovirus-mediated sodium iodide symporter (NIS) gene to cell tracking imaging of transplanted stem cells in a canine infarcted myocardium by clinical single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT). METHODS Beagle dogs were injected intramyocardially with NIS-expressing adenovirus-transfected canine stem cells (Ad-hNIS-canine ADSCs) a week after myocardial infarction (MI) development. (99m)Tc-methoxyisobutylisonitrile ((99m)Tc-MIBI) and (99m)Tc-pertechnetate ((99m)TcO4(-)) SPECT imaging were performed for assessment of infarcted myocardium and viable stem cell tracking. Transthoracic echocardiography was performed to monitor any functional cardiac changes. RESULTS Left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) was decreased after LAD ligation. There was no significant difference in EF between the groups with the stem cell or saline injection. (125)I uptake was higher in Ad-hNIS-canine ADSCs than in non-transfected ADSCs. Cell proliferation and differentiation were not affected by hNIS-carrying adenovirus transfection. (99m)Tc-MIBI myocardial SPECT imaging showed decreased radiotracer uptake in the infarcted apex and mid-anterolateral regions. Ad-hNIS-canine ADSCs were identified as a region of focally increased (99m)TcO4(-) uptake at the lateral wall and around the apex of the left ventricle, peaked at 2 days and was observed until day 9. CONCLUSIONS Combination of adenovirus-mediated NIS gene transfection and clinical nuclear imaging modalities enables to trace the fate of transplanted stem cells in infarcted myocardium for translational in vivo cell tracking study for prolonged duration.
Collapse
|
9
|
Jung KO, Youn H, Kim YH, Kim S, Na J, Kim YI, Park JW, Kang KW, Lee DS, Chung JK. Relationship between apoptosis imaging and radioiodine therapy in tumor cells with different sodium iodide symporter gene expression. Mol Imaging 2014; 13. [PMID: 25431214 DOI: 10.2310/7290.2014.00050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The therapeutic efficacy of radioiodine (¹³¹I) therapy has been reported to be variable among cancer patients and even between metastatic regions in the same patients. Because the expression level of sodium iodide symporter (NIS) cannot reflect the efficacy of therapy, other strategies are required to predict the precise therapeutic effect of ¹³¹I therapy. In this research, we investigated the correlation between iodine (I) uptake, apoptosis imaging, and therapeutic efficacy. Two HT29 cell lines, cytomegalovirus (CMV)-NIS (or NIS+++) and TERT-NIS (or NIS+), were established by retroviral transfection. I uptake was estimated by I-uptake assay and gamma camera imaging. Apoptosis was evaluated by confocal microscopy and a Maestro fluorescence imaging system (CRi Inc., Woburn, MA) using ApoFlamma (BioACTs, Seoul, Korea), a fluorescent dye-conjugated apoptosis-targeting peptide 1 (ApoPep-1). Therapeutic efficacy was determined by tumor size. The CMV-NIS showed higher I uptake and ApoFlamma signals than TERT-NIS. In xenograft models, CMV-NIS also showed high 99m technetium signals and ApoFlamma signals. Tumor reduction had a stronger correlation with apoptosis imaging signals than with gamma camera imaging signals, which reflect I uptake. Higher NIS-expressing tumors showed increased apoptosis and I uptake, resulting in a significant tumor reduction. Moreover, tumor reduction showed a strong correlation with ApoFlamma imaging compared to I-uptake imaging.
Collapse
|
10
|
Lee CM, Kwon JI, Lee TK, Lim ST, Sohn MH, Jeong HJ. Local Retention and Combination Effects of Biocompatible Doxorubicin-Loaded and Radioiodine-Labeled Microhydrogels in Cancer Therapy. ACS Macro Lett 2014; 3:1126-1129. [PMID: 35610809 DOI: 10.1021/mz500497n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
I-131-labeled chitosan microhydrogels (I-131-CMH) that are retained at an injection site without leaking free I-131 into normal tissue can provide opportunities to improve cancer therapy. This study focuses on the development of doxorubicin-loaded I-131-CMH (Dox-I-131-CMH) for use in radiochemotherapy against cancer. The radiolabeling of I-131-CMH was found to be stable over a period of 2 weeks with no disassociation of free I-131, and Dox showed a sustained release from the CMH. When I-131-CMH were injected into the thigh muscle or tumor tissue, in vivo gamma imaging showed a retention at the injection site with no significant leakage of I-131 into other areas of normal tissue, and after an intrahepatic arterial injection, I-131-CMH were selectively retained in the liver. Dox-I-131-CMH had significant synergistic therapeutic effects of radiation and chemotherapy on mouse breast cancer models. In this regard, Dox-I-131-CMH may be a new alternative agent for cancer therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chang-Moon Lee
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, Chonnam National University, Yeosu, Jeonnam 550-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Il Kwon
- Department
of Nuclear Medicine, Molecular Imaging and Therapeutic Medicine Research
Center, Biomedical Research Institute for Medical Sciences, and Cyclotron
Research Center, Chonbuk National University Medical School and Hospital, Jeonju, Jeonbuk 561-712, Republic of Korea
| | - Tai-Kyoung Lee
- Department
of Nuclear Medicine, Molecular Imaging and Therapeutic Medicine Research
Center, Biomedical Research Institute for Medical Sciences, and Cyclotron
Research Center, Chonbuk National University Medical School and Hospital, Jeonju, Jeonbuk 561-712, Republic of Korea
| | - Seok Tae Lim
- Department
of Nuclear Medicine, Molecular Imaging and Therapeutic Medicine Research
Center, Biomedical Research Institute for Medical Sciences, and Cyclotron
Research Center, Chonbuk National University Medical School and Hospital, Jeonju, Jeonbuk 561-712, Republic of Korea
| | - Myung-Hee Sohn
- Department
of Nuclear Medicine, Molecular Imaging and Therapeutic Medicine Research
Center, Biomedical Research Institute for Medical Sciences, and Cyclotron
Research Center, Chonbuk National University Medical School and Hospital, Jeonju, Jeonbuk 561-712, Republic of Korea
| | - Hwan-Jeong Jeong
- Department
of Nuclear Medicine, Molecular Imaging and Therapeutic Medicine Research
Center, Biomedical Research Institute for Medical Sciences, and Cyclotron
Research Center, Chonbuk National University Medical School and Hospital, Jeonju, Jeonbuk 561-712, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Establishment of animal models with orthotopic hepatocellular carcinoma. Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2014; 48:173-9. [PMID: 25177373 DOI: 10.1007/s13139-014-0288-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2014] [Revised: 06/12/2014] [Accepted: 07/02/2014] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most serious health problems worldwide. Many researchers have investigated HCC at the level of genes, ribonucleic acid, proteins, cells, and animals. The resultant development of animal models and monitoring methods has improved the effectiveness of guidelines provided to researchers working with preclinical HCC models. HCC in animal models and clinical patients is monitored by various current imaging modalities such as ultrasound (US) imaging, computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT), positron emission tomography (PET) and bioluminescence imaging (BLI). These techniques are currently used for both preclinical and clinical assessment, and provide valuable diagnostic information. In this article, we have mainly reviewed the established animal models and the assessment of orthotopic HCC using imaging modalities. Additionally, we have introduced a method of orthotopic HCC rat model developed in our laboratory. We have furthermore evaluated the occurrence of tumor mass using molecular imaging techniques.
Collapse
|
12
|
Lee HW, Jeon YH, Hwang MH, Kim JE, Park TI, Ha JH, Lee SW, Ahn BC, Lee J. Dual reporter gene imaging for tracking macrophage migration using the human sodium iodide symporter and an enhanced firefly luciferase in a murine inflammation model. Mol Imaging Biol 2014; 15:703-12. [PMID: 23677652 DOI: 10.1007/s11307-013-0645-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this study is to visualize the migration of reporter macrophages expressing both the human sodium iodide symporter (hNIS) and enhanced firefly luciferase (effluc) gene in mice with chemically induced inflammation. PROCEDURES A macrophage cell line expressing both hNIS and effluc genes (Raw264.7/hNIS-effluc, herein referred to as a Raw264.7/NF) was established by cotransduction of two genes into a murine macrophage cell line (Raw264.7), and cell proliferation and phagocytic activity were compared between parental Raw264.7 and Raw264.7/NF cells. Both serial bioluminescence imaging (BLI) and small animal positron emission tomography (PET) imaging with I-124 were performed in inflammation-induced mice at various time points after intravenous injection of either Raw264.7 or Raw264.7/NF cells. RESULTS There was no significant difference in cellular proliferation and phagocytic activity between parental Raw264.7 and Raw264.7/NF cells. Early distribution of Raw264.7/NF cells was successfully visualized in the lung and spleen by BLI, but not by I-124 PET imaging. BLI signals, but not PET signals, were observed from the inflammation site at day 4 after the injection of Raw264.7/NF cells, and the signal intensity gradually increased until day 8. In contrast, focal uptake of I-124 was first detected at the site of inflammation at postinjection day 8, and signal intensity from the inflamed lesion was highest at that time point. While visualization of the inflamed lesion was possible by both BLI and PET imaging until day 14, it was only possible by BLI until day 21 after injection. CONCLUSIONS Tracking of macrophage migration toward inflammation foci was successfully achieved in vivo from early time points by dual reporter gene imaging with a combination of nuclear and optical reporters. Multimodal reporter imaging of macrophages might successfully overcome the limitations of single reporter gene imaging in preclinical models of inflammation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ho Won Lee
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, 50 Samduk 2-ga, Daegu, 700-721, Republic of Korea,
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Ahn BC. Requisites for successful theranostics with radionuclide-based reporter gene imaging. J Drug Target 2014; 22:295-303. [PMID: 24417717 DOI: 10.3109/1061186x.2013.878940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Radionuclide-based theranostic strategy has been widely used in diagnosis and treatment of patients with hyperthyroidism or differentiated thyroid cancer for a long time, and sodium iodide symporter gene is the radionuclide-based reporter gene used in theranostics. Theranostics, which is a promising approach, offering the ideal combination of accurate diagnosis and successful therapy in various clinical fields, is expected to become a key area of personalized medicine. Rapid advancements in biotechnologies using theranostic reporter genes and theranostic radiochemistry have led to development of the concept of theranostics using radionuclide-based imaging reporter genes; the theranostic approach is almost ready for application in a limited arena of clinics. In order to fulfill both the diagnostic and therapeutic purposes, theranostics with radionuclide-based imaging reporter requires use of successful combinations of various components, such as radionuclide-based reporter genes, promoters/enhancers that regulate expression of reporter genes, delivery vectors/vehicles, imaging or therapeutic probes and prodrugs, transductional and transcriptional targeting strategies, transgene amplification systems, etc. In this review, overview and recent updates on theranostics using radionuclide-based imaging reporter genes will be discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Byeong-Cheol Ahn
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine and Hospital , Daegu , Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|