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Olszewski R, Obiała J, Obiała K, Owoc J, Mańczak M, Ćwiklińska K, Jabłońska M, Zegarow P, Grygielska J, Jaciubek M, Majka K, Stelmach D, Krupienicz A, Rysz J, Jeziorski K. Lost in Communication: Do Family Physicians Provide Patients with Information on Preventing Diet-Related Diseases? INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:10990. [PMID: 36078700 PMCID: PMC9517834 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191710990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Diet-related diseases remain leading causes of death in most developed countries around the world. The aim of the study was to compare opinions of patients and family physicians on receiving and providing recommendations about physical activity, diet and use of medication. Methods: The questionnaire study was conducted among patients of 36 primary health care clinics in Poland between September 2018 and February 2019. Patients and physicians were interviewed separately by trained researchers. Data from 509 patients and 167 family doctors were analyzed. Results: The median age of patients was 44 years (interquartile range: 29-55) and 70% were women. The majority of physicians were women (59%) and the median age was 37 years (IQR: 31-50). There was a significant difference between physicians' declarations on providing recommendations on diet (92% vs. 39%) and activity (90% vs. 37%) versus patients' declarations on receiving them. Conclusions: The results indicate that there is significant room for improvement in providing patients with proper recommendations on diet and physical activity by their family physicians. Primary care physicians should put more emphasis on clear communication of recommendations on diet and physical activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Olszewski
- Department of Gerontology, Public Health and Didactics, National Institute of Geriatrics, Rheumatology and Rehabilitation, Spartanska 1, 02-637 Warsaw, Poland
- Department of Ultrasound, Institute of Fundamental Technological Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Pawinskiego 5B, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Justyna Obiała
- Department of Gerontology, Public Health and Didactics, National Institute of Geriatrics, Rheumatology and Rehabilitation, Spartanska 1, 02-637 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Karolina Obiała
- Department of Gerontology, Public Health and Didactics, National Institute of Geriatrics, Rheumatology and Rehabilitation, Spartanska 1, 02-637 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jakub Owoc
- Department of Gerontology, Public Health and Didactics, National Institute of Geriatrics, Rheumatology and Rehabilitation, Spartanska 1, 02-637 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Mańczak
- Department of Gerontology, Public Health and Didactics, National Institute of Geriatrics, Rheumatology and Rehabilitation, Spartanska 1, 02-637 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Klaudia Ćwiklińska
- Department of Gerontology, Public Health and Didactics, National Institute of Geriatrics, Rheumatology and Rehabilitation, Spartanska 1, 02-637 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Magdalena Jabłońska
- Department of the Prevention of Environmental Hazards and Allergology, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1a, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Paweł Zegarow
- Department of Gerontology, Public Health and Didactics, National Institute of Geriatrics, Rheumatology and Rehabilitation, Spartanska 1, 02-637 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jolanta Grygielska
- Department of Gerontology, Public Health and Didactics, National Institute of Geriatrics, Rheumatology and Rehabilitation, Spartanska 1, 02-637 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marzena Jaciubek
- Department of Fundamental of Nursing, Medical University of Warsaw, Erazma Ciołka 27, 01-445 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Majka
- Department of Fundamental of Nursing, Medical University of Warsaw, Erazma Ciołka 27, 01-445 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Daria Stelmach
- Students’ Scientific Group Affiliated to II Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical University of Warsaw, Żwirki i Wigury 61, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Andrzej Krupienicz
- Department of Fundamental of Nursing, Medical University of Warsaw, Erazma Ciołka 27, 01-445 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jacek Rysz
- Department of Nephrology, Hypertension and Family Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, 92-215 Lodz, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Jeziorski
- Department of Gerontology, Public Health and Didactics, National Institute of Geriatrics, Rheumatology and Rehabilitation, Spartanska 1, 02-637 Warsaw, Poland
- Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, W.K. Roentgena 5, 02-781 Warsaw, Poland
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Karasiewicz M, Chawłowska E, Lipiak A, Wiȩckowska B. How to Improve Cancer Prevention Knowledge? A Way to Identify Gaps and Tackle the Limited Availability of Health Education Services in Primary Health Care Using the European Code Against Cancer. Front Public Health 2022; 10:878703. [PMID: 35586014 PMCID: PMC9109786 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.878703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction The first line of action against cancer is primary and secondary prevention. Increased efforts are needed in countries where cancer mortality is high and the healthcare system is inefficient. Objectives: Our aim was to present a new solution to identify and fill gaps in health education services in accordance with the European Code Against Cancer (ECAC). Materials and Methods This study was carried out in a rural population of 122 beneficiaries of health education workshops financed by the Polish Cancer League. A self-developed questionnaire was used. PQStat v1.6.8. was also applied. Results Our respondents were mostly farmers (53.3%) and manual workers (16.4%). Most participants self-assessed their health knowledge as good (46.7%). While 42% of all respondents claimed to know the healthy eating pyramid, only 8.2% correctly recognised all of its principles and 23.8% realised the importance of limiting the consumption of red meat. The most commonly recognised cancer risk factor were genetics (72.1%), stimulants such as alcohol or tobacco (51.5%) and environmental pollution (45.1%). UV radiation was not commonly recognised as a risk factor by respondents despite high occupational exposure in this population. We found a high percentage of male smokers. As many as 64.8% of respondents had not been counselled on cancer prevention in their clinics. A family history of cancer (FHC) did not differentiate respondents' health knowledge, health behaviors, or frequency of receiving cancer prevention counselling. Health education and health promotion in the region were unsatisfactory. Conclusions Primary health care (PHC) should become more involved in promoting cancer prevention knowledge. One way could be to encourage health professionals to promote the ECAC. Cancer prevention should target especially persons with FHC and focus on modifiable cancer risk factors. At the workshops we were able to adjust the strength of each ECAC recommendation to best fit the target audience. By diagnosing and targeting specific communities, we can draw the attention of PHC staff and decision-makers to local health promotion needs, which is a good starting point for improving the situation. However, larger scale projects are needed to help design specific solutions to support primary healthcare in promoting ECAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Karasiewicz
- Laboratory of International Health, Department of Preventive Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland
- *Correspondence: Monika Karasiewicz
| | - Ewelina Chawłowska
- Laboratory of International Health, Department of Preventive Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Lipiak
- Laboratory of International Health, Department of Preventive Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Barbara Wiȩckowska
- Department of Computer Science and Statistics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland
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