1
|
Louka P, Orriss IR, Pitsillides AA. Stable Sulforaphane Targets the Early Stages of Osteoclast Formation to Engender a Lasting Functional Blockade of Osteoclastogenesis. Cells 2024; 13:165. [PMID: 38247857 PMCID: PMC10814088 DOI: 10.3390/cells13020165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Sulforaphane, the native but unstable form of SFX-01, is an antioxidant that activates the NRF2 and inhibits the NF-KB pathways to achieve its actions. Resolving the mechanism(s) by which SFX-01 serves to control the various osteoclastogenic stages may expose pathways that could be explored for therapeutic use. Here we seek to identify the stage of osteoclastogenesis targeted by SFX-01 and explore whether, like SFN, it exerts its actions via the NRF2 and NF-KB pathways. Osteoclasts generated from the bone marrow (BM) of mice were cultured with SFX-01 at different timepoints to examine each phase of osteoclastogenesis separately. This showed that SFX-01 exerted actions throughout the process of osteoclastogenesis, but had its largest effects in the early osteoclast precursor differentiation stage. Thus, treatment with SFX-01 for the duration of culture, for the initial 3 days differentiation or for as little as the first 24 h was sufficient for effective inhibition. This aligned with data suggesting that SFX-01 reduced DC-STAMP levels, osteoclast nuclear number and modified cytoskeletal architecture. Pharmacological regulation of the NRF2 pathways, via selective inhibitors/activators, supported the anti-osteoclastogenic roles of an SFX-01-mediated by NRF2 activation, as well as the need for tight NF-KB pathway regulation in osteoclast formation/function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Andrew A. Pitsillides
- Skeletal Biology Group, Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Royal Veterinary College, London NW1 0TU, UK; (P.L.); (I.R.O.)
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Zhang T, Holman J, McKinstry D, Trindade BC, Eaton KA, Mendoza-Castrejon J, Ho S, Wells E, Yuan H, Wen B, Sun D, Chen GY, Li Y. A steamed broccoli sprout diet preparation that reduces colitis via the gut microbiota. J Nutr Biochem 2023; 112:109215. [PMID: 36370930 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2022.109215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2022] [Revised: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Sulforaphane is a bioactive metabolite with anti-inflammatory activity and is derived from the glucosinolate glucoraphanin, which is highly abundant in broccoli sprouts. However, due to its inherent instability its use as a therapeutic against inflammatory diseases has been limited. There are few studies to investigate a whole food approach to increase sulforaphane levels with therapeutic effect and reduce inflammation. In the current study, using a mouse model of inflammatory bowel disease, we investigated the ability of steamed broccoli sprouts to ameliorate colitis and the role of the gut microbiota in mediating any effects. We observed that despite inactivation of the plant myrosinase enzyme responsible for the generation of sulforaphane via steaming, measurable levels of sulforaphane were detectable in the colon tissue and feces of mice after ingestion of steamed broccoli sprouts. In addition, this preparation of broccoli sprouts was also capable of reducing chemically-induced colitis. This protective effect was dependent on the presence of an intact microbiota, highlighting an important role for the gut microbiota in the metabolism of cruciferous vegetables to generate bioactive metabolites and promote their anti-inflammatory effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tao Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Husson University, Bangor, Maine, USA
| | - Johanna Holman
- College of Science and Humanities, Husson University, Bangor, Maine, USA
| | - Delaney McKinstry
- College of Literature, Science, and the Arts, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Bruno C Trindade
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Kathryn A Eaton
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Jonny Mendoza-Castrejon
- Postbac Research Education Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA; Currently at Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Mississippi, USA
| | - Sharon Ho
- College of Literature, Science, and the Arts, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Emily Wells
- School of Pharmacy, Husson University, Bangor, Maine, USA
| | - Hebao Yuan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mississippi, USA
| | - Bo Wen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mississippi, USA
| | - Duxin Sun
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mississippi, USA
| | - Grace Y Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.
| | - Yanyan Li
- College of Science and Humanities, Husson University, Bangor, Maine, USA.
| |
Collapse
|