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Kumar A, Tapwal A, Kumar D, Yadav R. Ectomycorrhizas of Rhizopogon himalayensis on Cedrus deodara. J Basic Microbiol 2024; 64:e2300616. [PMID: 38161239 DOI: 10.1002/jobm.202300616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 12/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
The ectomycorrhizal (EcM) roots of Cedrus deodara associated with a unique hypogeous EcM fungus-Rhizopogon himalayensis is meticulously characterized and comprehensively described based on well-established standard morphological and anatomical features. The mycobiont-R. himalayensis was found organically associated with the roots of C. deodara. The EcM morphotypes are distinguished by differences in the shape and color of the roots, type of ramification, surface texture, type of mantle, as well as different chemical reactions. All the examined morphotypes were having similar mycorrhizal system and anatomically (Mantle and Hartig net) no disparities were seen, that is, nonsignificant (p > 0.05) variations were observed. The majority of mycorrhizal systems were irregularly pinnate, dichotomous type with 0-1 order of ramification and occasional coralloid type. Mantle surface was densely cottony to loosely wooly. The outer and inner mantles were H & Q type. Hartig net was a complex net-like structure with uniseriate to mutiseriate type of hyphal cell arrangement. Rhizomorph were smooth and round, consistently growing along roots. Moreover, extraradical hyphae were hyaline, septate, and without clamp connections. Sclerotia and cystidia were absent. Our findings will contribute to the biology of ectomycorrhizae associated with primitive and economically valuable conifers, thriving in the face of shifting environmental conditions in the northwestern Himalayas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ajay Kumar
- ICFRE-Himalayan Forest Research Institute, Conifer Campus, Shimla, India
| | - Ashwani Tapwal
- ICFRE-Himalayan Forest Research Institute, Conifer Campus, Shimla, India
| | - Dinesh Kumar
- School of Bioengineering and Food Technology, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Business Management, Solan, India
| | - Rahul Yadav
- Shoolini Life Sciences, Private Limited, Solan, India
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Rhizopogon confusus sp. nov., a correct name for a fungus previously recorded in Central Europe as the North American Rhizopogon salebrosus. Mycol Prog 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11557-022-01777-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Development of Anonymous Nuclear Loci for Pterospora andromedea (Monotropoideae) Using Illumina and Ion Torrent Sequencing Data. CONSERV GENET RESOUR 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s12686-017-0686-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Dowie NJ, Grubisha LC, Burton BA, Klooster MR, Miller SL. Increased phylogenetic resolution within the ecologically important Rhizopogon subgenus Amylopogon using 10 anonymous nuclear loci. Mycologia 2017; 109:35-45. [PMID: 28402794 DOI: 10.1080/00275514.2017.1285165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Rhizopogon species are ecologically significant ectomycorrhizal fungi in conifer ecosystems. The importance of this system merits the development and utilization of a more robust set of molecular markers specifically designed to evaluate their evolutionary ecology. Anonymous nuclear loci (ANL) were developed for R. subgenus Amylopogon. Members of this subgenus occur throughout the United States and are exclusive fungal symbionts associated with Pterospora andromedea, a threatened mycoheterotrophic plant endemic to disjunct eastern and western regions of North America. Candidate ANL were developed from 454 shotgun pyrosequencing and assessed for positive amplification across targeted species, sequencing success, and recovery of phylogenetically informative sites. Ten ANL were successfully developed and were subsequently used to sequence representative taxa, herbaria holotype and paratype specimens in R. subgenus Amylopogon. Phylogenetic reconstructions were performed on individual and concatenated data sets by Bayesian inference and maximum likelihood methods. Phylogenetic analyses of these 10 ANL were compared with a phylogeny traditionally constructed using the universal fungal barcode nuc rDNA ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 region (ITS). The resulting ANL phylogeny was consistent with most of the species designations delineated by ITS. However, the ANL phylogeny provided much greater phylogenetic resolution, yielding new evidence for cryptic species within previously defined species of R. subgenus Amylopogon. Additionally, the rooted ANL phylogeny provided an alternate topology to the ITS phylogeny, which inferred a novel set of evolutionary relationships not identified in prior phylogenetic studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas J Dowie
- a Department of Botany , University of Wyoming , 1000 University Avenue, Laramie , Wyoming 82071
| | - Lisa C Grubisha
- b Department of Natural and Applied Sciences , University of Wisconsin-Green Bay , 2420 Nicolet Drive, Green Bay, Wisconsin 54311
| | - Brent A Burton
- a Department of Botany , University of Wyoming , 1000 University Avenue, Laramie , Wyoming 82071
| | - Matthew R Klooster
- c Centre College , 600 West Walnut Street, Young Hall 243, Danville , Kentucky 40422
| | - Steven L Miller
- a Department of Botany , University of Wyoming , 1000 University Avenue, Laramie , Wyoming 82071
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Dowie NJ, Grubisha LC, Trowbridge SM, Klooster MR, Miller SL. Variability of ecological and autotrophic host specificity in a mycoheterotrophic system: Pterospora andromedea and associated fungal and conifer hosts. FUNGAL ECOL 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.funeco.2015.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Grubisha LC, Nelson BA, Dowie NJ, Miller SL, Klooster MR. Characterization of microsatellite markers for pinedrops, Pterospora andromedea (Ericaceae), from Illumina MiSeq sequencing. APPLICATIONS IN PLANT SCIENCES 2014; 2:apps.1400072. [PMID: 25383268 PMCID: PMC4222545 DOI: 10.3732/apps.1400072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2014] [Accepted: 09/18/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED PREMISE OF THE STUDY Pterospora andromedea (Ericaceae) is a mycoheterotrophic plant endemic to North America with a disjunct distribution. Eastern populations are in decline compared to western populations. Microsatellite loci will allow comparison of genetic diversity in endangered to nonthreatened populations. • METHODS AND RESULTS Illumina MiSeq sequencing resulted in development of 12 polymorphic microsatellite loci from 63 perfect microsatellite loci tested. One polymorphic locus was obtained from a traditional enrichment method. These 13 loci were screened across two western and two eastern populations. For western and eastern populations, respectively, number of alleles ranged from one to 10 and one to four, and observed heterozygosity ranged from 0.000 to 0.389 and 0.000 to 0.143. • CONCLUSIONS These are the first microsatellite loci developed for Pterospora. They will be useful in conservation efforts of the eastern populations and for examination of population genetic parameters at different geographic scales and comparison with mycorrhizal fungal hosts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa C. Grubisha
- Centre College, 600 West Walnut Street, Danville, Kentucky 40422 USA
| | - Bailey A. Nelson
- Centre College, 600 West Walnut Street, Danville, Kentucky 40422 USA
| | - Nicholas J. Dowie
- Department of Botany, University of Wyoming, 1000 E. University Ave., Laramie, Wyoming 82071 USA
| | - Steven L. Miller
- Department of Botany, University of Wyoming, 1000 E. University Ave., Laramie, Wyoming 82071 USA
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Bubriski R, Kennedy P. A molecular and morphological analysis of the genus Rhizopogon subgenus Villosuli section Villosuli as a preface to ecological monitoring. Mycologia 2014; 106:353-61. [PMID: 24782502 DOI: 10.3852/106.2.353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Rhizopogon (Boletales) represents a model genus for ecological studies of ectomycorrhizal fungi, but the identification of species in subgenus Villosuli section Villosuli has long been challenging due to variation in taxonomically informative morphological characters. Here we re-examine species concepts in this section using data from nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and large subunit (LSU) sequences as well as spore measurements. Our phylogenetic analyses from 34 type and non-type collections of eight species, including the seven currently recognized in this section, found consistent support for only three species-level clades. Each of the clades had a significantly different combination of mean spore widths and Q ratios using digital-assisted measurements, which suggests both molecular and spore-based morphological approaches can be used to identify species in this section. Based on our analysis, we propose that only three species names be applied to future ecological studies: R. hawkerae, R. parksii and R. villosulus. We consider R. subareolatus and R. colossus as taxonomic synonyms of R. hawkerae and R. pseudovillosulus, R. rogersii, R. villescens and R. zelleri as taxonomic synonyms of R. villosulus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan Bubriski
- Department of Biology, Lewis and Clark College, 0615 SW Palatine Hill Rd., Portland, OR 97219
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Grubisha LC, Brewer JD, Dowie NJ, Miller SL, Trowbridge SM, Klooster MR. Microsatellite primers for the fungi Rhizopogon kretzerae and R. salebrosus (Rhizopogonaceae) from 454 shotgun pyrosequencing. APPLICATIONS IN PLANT SCIENCES 2014; 2:apps1400029. [PMID: 25202638 PMCID: PMC4103475 DOI: 10.3732/apps.1400029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2014] [Accepted: 05/20/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
PREMISE OF THE STUDY Rhizopogon kretzerae and R. salebrosus (Rhizopogonaceae) are ectomycorrhizal fungi symbiotic with pines and the mycoheterotrophic plant Pterospora andromedea (Ericaceae). Microsatellite loci will allow population genetic study of fungal hosts to P. andromedea. • METHODS AND RESULTS Shotgun pyrosequencing of R. kretzerae DNA resulted in primer development of 23 perfect microsatellite loci and screened across two populations each for R. kretzerae and R. salebrosus. Twelve loci were polymorphic in R. kretzerae populations, and 11 loci cross-amplified in R. salebrosus populations. For R. kretzerae and R. salebrosus, number of alleles was one to eight and one to nine, respectively, and observed heterozygosity ranged from 0.00-0.57 and 0.00-0.70, respectively. • CONCLUSIONS These are the first microsatellite loci developed for any species within Rhizopogon subgenus Amylopogon. These microsatellite loci will be used in conservation genetic studies of rare to endangered eastern populations and to compare plant and fungal population genetic structure at different hierarchical levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa C. Grubisha
- Centre College, 600 West Walnut Street, Danville, Kentucky 40422 USA
| | - Jessica D. Brewer
- Centre College, 600 West Walnut Street, Danville, Kentucky 40422 USA
| | - Nicholas J. Dowie
- Department of Botany, University of Wyoming, 1000 E. University Ave., Laramie, Wyoming 82071 USA
| | - Steven L. Miller
- Department of Botany, University of Wyoming, 1000 E. University Ave., Laramie, Wyoming 82071 USA
| | - Steven M. Trowbridge
- Department of Botany, University of Wyoming, 1000 E. University Ave., Laramie, Wyoming 82071 USA
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Min S, Chang-Qin Z, Yong-Peng M, Welti S, Moreau PA, Selosse MA. Mycorrhizal features and fungal partners of four mycoheterotrophic Monotropoideae (Ericaceae) species from Yunnan, China. Symbiosis 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s13199-012-0180-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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