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Shahbazi R, Behbahani FK. Synthesis, modifications, and applications of iron-based nanoparticles. Mol Divers 2024:10.1007/s11030-023-10801-9. [PMID: 38740610 DOI: 10.1007/s11030-023-10801-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) are appealing materials as assistant to resolve environmental pollution issues and as recyclable catalysts for the oxidative degradation of resistant contaminants. Moreover, they can significantly influence the advancement of medical applications for imaging, diagnostics, medication administration, and biosensing. On the other hand, due to unique features, excellent biocompatibility, high curie temperatures and low cytotoxicity of the Iron-based nanoparticles, they have received increasing attention in recent years. Using an external magnetic field, in which the ferrite magnetic nanoparticles (FMNPs) in the reaction mixtures can be easily removed, make them more efficient approach than the conventional method for separating the catalyst particles by centrifugation or filtration. Ferrite magnetic nanoparticles (FMNPs) provide various advantages in food processing, environmental issues, pharmaceutical industry, sample preparation, wastewater management, water purification, illness therapy, identification of disease, tissue engineering, and biosensor creation for healthcare monitoring. Modification of FMNPs with the proper functional groups and surface modification techniques play a significant role in boosting their capability. Due to flexibility of FMNPs in functionalization and synthesis, it is possible to make customized FMNPs that can be utilized in variety of applications. This review focuses on synthesis, modifications, and applications of Iron-based nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raheleh Shahbazi
- Department of Chemistry, Karaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Karaj, Iran
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2
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Shen Q, Yu C. Advances in superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles modified with branched polyethyleneimine for multimodal imaging. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2024; 11:1323316. [PMID: 38333548 PMCID: PMC10851169 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1323316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Multimodal imaging are approaches which combines multiple imaging techniques to obtain multi-aspect information of a target through different imaging modalities, thereby greatly improve the accuracy and comprehensiveness of imaging. Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) modified with branched polyethyleneimine have revealed good biocompatibility and stability, high drug loading capacity and nucleic acid transfection efficiency. SPIONs have been developed as functionalized platforms which can be further modified to enhance their functionalities. Those further modifications facilitate the application of SPIONs in multimodal imaging. In this review, we discuss the methods, advantages, applications, and prospects of BPEI-modified SPIONs in multimodal imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiaoling Shen
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Chunjing Yu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
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3
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Wood JS, Dal Poggetto G, Wang X, Reibarkh M, Williamson RT, Cohen RD. Quantitative nuclear magnetic resonance of chloride by an accurate internal standard approach. MAGNETIC RESONANCE IN CHEMISTRY : MRC 2023; 61:22-31. [PMID: 36166190 DOI: 10.1002/mrc.5316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2022] [Revised: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Chloride is the most common counterion used to improve aqueous solubility and enhance stability of small molecule active pharmaceutical ingredients. While several analytical techniques, such as titration, HPLC with charged aerosol detection, and ion chromatography, are currently utilized to assay the level of chloride, they have notable limitations, and these instruments may not be readily available. Here, we present a generally applicable 35 Cl solution NMR method to assay the level of chloride in pharmaceutical compounds. The method uses KClO4 as an internal standard for improved accuracy in comparison with external standard methods, and it was found to be robust, linear over three orders of magnitude, precise (<3% RSD), and accurate (<0.5% absolute error).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jared S Wood
- Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey, USA
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina Wilmington, Wilmington, North Carolina, USA
| | | | - Xiao Wang
- Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey, USA
| | | | - R Thomas Williamson
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina Wilmington, Wilmington, North Carolina, USA
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4
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Liu L, Yang Z, Liu C, Wang M, Chen X. Preparation of PEI-modified nanoparticles by dopamine self-polymerization for efficient DNA delivery. Biotechnol Appl Biochem 2022; 70:824-834. [PMID: 36070708 DOI: 10.1002/bab.2402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Achieving efficient and safe gene delivery is great of significance to promote the development of gene therapy. In this work, a polydopamine (PDA) layer was coated on the surface of Fe3 O4 nanoparticles (NPs) by dopamine (DA) self-polymerization, and then magnetic Fe3 O4 NPs were prepared by the Michael addition between amino groups in polyethyleneimine (PEI) and PDA. The prepared Fe3 O4 NPs (named Fe3 O4 @PDA@PEI) were characterized by FTIR, atomic force microscopy (AFM) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). As an efficient and safe gene carrier, the potential of Fe3 O4 @PDA@PEI was evaluated by agarose gel electrophoresis, MTT assay, fluorescence microscopy, flow cytometry. The results shows that the Fe3 O4 @PDA@PEI NPs is stable hydrophilic nanoparticles with a particle size of 50-150 nm. It can efficiently condense DNA at low N/P ratios and protect it from nuclease degradation. In addition, the Fe3 O4 @PDA@PEI NPs has higher safety than PEI. Further, the Fe3 O4 @PDA@PEI/DNA polyplexes could be effectively absorbed by cells and successfully transfected, and exhibit higher cellular uptake and gene transfection efficiency than PEI/DNA polyplexes. The findings indicate that the Fe3 O4 @PDA@PEI NPs has the potential to be developed into a novel gene vector. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Liu
- School of Life and Biology, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, 430023, China
| | - Zhaojun Yang
- School of Life and Biology, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, 430023, China
| | - Chaobing Liu
- School of Life and Biology, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, 430023, China
| | - Mengying Wang
- School of Life and Biology, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, 430023, China
| | - Xin Chen
- School of Life and Biology, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, 430023, China
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5
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Sachdeva V, Monga A, Vashisht R, Singh D, Singh A, Bedi N. Iron Oxide Nanoparticles: The precise strategy for targeted delivery of genes, oligonucleotides and peptides in cancer therapy. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2022.103585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Lien J, Bull T, Michelmore RW, Guo T. Fast Fluorescence Titration Quantification of Plasmid DNA with DNA Attractive Magnetic Nanoparticles. Anal Chem 2021; 93:12854-12861. [PMID: 34516097 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c04892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Fluorescence titration using magnetic nanoparticles (FTMN) was performed as a rapid, inexpensive, and simple method for quantifying the amount of fluorophore-intercalated plasmid DNA on these DNA attractive nanoparticles. Binding of the propidium iodide (PI)-intercalated DNA (PI/DNA) to polyethylenimine (PEI)-coated monodisperse iron oxide magnetic nanoparticles (PEI-MNs) was confirmed with transmission electron microscopy after the two species were mixed in water for less than a minute. The amount of DNA on PEI-MNs in aqueous solution, however, could not be easily determined using direct fluorescence measurements due to strong scattering by aggregated MNs, especially at high nanoparticle concentrations. Instead, fluorescence measurements were taken immediately after the solution of PI/DNA and PEI-MN mixtures was treated with a magnet to pull the PEI-MNs out of the solution. The detected fluorescence signal of the remaining free PI/DNA in the solution decreased as the concentration of PEI-MNs in the pre-treated solutions increased, resulting in a titration curve, which was used to determine the amount of DNA on MNs, the dissociation constant, and binding energy after the concentration of PEI-MNs was calibrated with microwave-plasma atomic emission spectroscopy. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction was used to understand the binding of DNA to MNs and to measure the amount of free PI/DNA in solution, and the results were similar to those obtained with the FTMN method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Lien
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, California 95616, United States.,Innovative Genomics Institute, 2151 Berkeley Way, Berkeley, California 94704, United States
| | - Tawni Bull
- The Genome Center, Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Richard W Michelmore
- The Genome Center, Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, California 95616, United States.,Departments of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, Davis, California 95616, United States.,Innovative Genomics Institute, 2151 Berkeley Way, Berkeley, California 94704, United States
| | - Ting Guo
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, California 95616, United States
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Tripathy A, Nine MJ, Silva FS. Biosensing platform on ferrite magnetic nanoparticles: Synthesis, functionalization, mechanism and applications. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2021; 290:102380. [PMID: 33819727 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2021.102380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2020] [Revised: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Ferrite magnetic nanoparticles (FMNPs) are gaining popularity to design biosensors for high-performance clinical diagnosis. The fusion of information shows that FMNPs based biosensors require well-tuned FMNPs as detection probes to produce large and specific biological signals with minimal non-specific binding. Nevertheless, there is a noticeable lacuna of information to solve the issues related to suitable synthesis route, particle size reduction, functionalization, sensitivity towards targeted intercellular biological tiny particles, and lower signal-to-noise ratio. Therefore it allows exploring unique characteristics of FMNPs to design a suitable sensing device for intracellular measurements and diseases detection. This review focuses on the extensively used synthesis routes, their advantages and limitations, crystalline structure, functionalization, along with recent applications of FMNPs in biosensors, taking into consideration their analytical figures of merit and range of linearity. This work also addresses the current progress, key factors for sensitivity, selectivity and productivity improvement along with the challenges, future trends and perspectives of FMNPs based biosensors.
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Mdlovu NV, Lin KS, Chen Y, Wu CM. Formulation of magnetic nanocomposites for intracellular delivery of micro-RNA for MYCN inhibition in neuroblastoma. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2021.126264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Félix LL, Rodriguez Martínez MA, Pacheco Salazar DG, Huamani Coaquira JA. One-step synthesis of polyethyleneimine-coated magnetite nanoparticles and their structural, magnetic and power absorption study. RSC Adv 2020; 10:41807-41815. [PMID: 35516540 PMCID: PMC9057843 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra08872b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2020] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Magnetic nanoparticles (NPs) are especially interesting for several biomedical applications due to their chemical surface, especially for targeted cancer imaging and therapeutics. In order to realize these applications, it is important to know their magnetic properties among other complementary properties that help to improve the understanding of the synthesis process. In this work, we report the magnetic properties of polyethyleneimine-coated magnetite (PEI-Fe3O4) NPs synthesized by a one-step method via the co-precipitation method and using PEI as a stabilizer. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images revealed agglomerated magnetic nanoparticles with an average size of ∼10 nm; meanwhile, the X-ray diffraction (DRX) analysis confirmed a pure magnetite phase. The study of magnetic properties shows a superparamagnetic system with coexistence of non-interacting single NPs with a low blocking temperature (∼35 K) and interacting NPs in the aggregates with a higher blocking temperature (>150 K), in which the interparticle interactions of magnetic cores dominate over surface spin disorder. The interaction between the surface spin-disorder layer and NP core was found to be weak, related to a weak exchange bias effect. A maximum specific loss power (SLP) value of 70 W g−1 was obtained (f = 571 kHz and H = 23.87 kA m−1) indicating that the magnetic response plays a crucial role in determining the heating efficiency for future applications. Magnetic nanoparticles (NPs) are especially interesting for several biomedical applications due to their chemical surface, especially for targeted cancer imaging and therapeutics.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Lizbet León Félix
- Laboratorio de Películas Delgadas, Escuela Profesional de Física, Universidad Nacional de San Agustín de Arequipa Av. Independencia s/n Arequipa Peru
| | | | - David Gregorio Pacheco Salazar
- Laboratorio de Películas Delgadas, Escuela Profesional de Física, Universidad Nacional de San Agustín de Arequipa Av. Independencia s/n Arequipa Peru
| | - José Antonio Huamani Coaquira
- Laboratorio de Películas Delgadas, Escuela Profesional de Física, Universidad Nacional de San Agustín de Arequipa Av. Independencia s/n Arequipa Peru .,Laboratory of Magnetic Characterization, Instituto de Física, Universidade de Brasília DF 70910-900 Brasília Brazil
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Zhang W, Abdelrasoul GN, Savchenko O, Abdrabou A, Wang Z, Chen J. Ultrasound-assisted magnetic nanoparticle-based gene delivery. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0239633. [PMID: 32970723 PMCID: PMC7514102 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0239633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Targeted gene delivery is important in biomedical research and applications. In this paper, we synergistically combine non-viral chemical materials, magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs), and a physical technique, low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS), to achieve efficient and targeted gene delivery. The MNPs are iron oxide super-paramagnetic nanoparticles, coated with polyethyleneimine (PEI), which makes a high positive surface charge and is favorable for the binding of genetic materials. Due to the paramagnetic properties of the MNPs, the application of an external magnetic field increases transfection efficiency while LIPUS stimulation enhances cell viability and permeability. We found that stimulation at the intensity of 30 mW/cm2 for 10 minutes yields optimal results with a minimal adverse effect on the cells. By combining the effect of the external magnetic field and LIPUS, the genetic material (GFP or Cherry Red plasmid) can enter the cells. The flow cytometry results showed that by using just a magnetic field to direct the genetic material, the transfection efficiency on HEK 293 cells that were treated by our MNPs was 56.1%. Coupled with LIPUS stimulation, it increased to 61.5% or 19% higher than the positive control (Lipofectamine 2000). Besides, compared with the positive control, our method showed less toxicity. Cell viability after transfection was 63.61%, which is 19% higher than the standard transfection technique. In conclusion, we designed a new gene-delivery method that is affordable, targeted, shows low-toxicity, yet high transfection efficiency, compared to other conventional approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhang
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Gaser N Abdelrasoul
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | | | - Abdalla Abdrabou
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Zhixiang Wang
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Jie Chen
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
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Pinteala M, Abadie MJM, Rusu RD. Smart Supra- and Macro-Molecular Tools for Biomedical Applications. MATERIALS 2020; 13:ma13153343. [PMID: 32727155 PMCID: PMC7435709 DOI: 10.3390/ma13153343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Revised: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Stimuli-responsive, “smart” polymeric materials used in the biomedical field function in a bio-mimicking manner by providing a non-linear response to triggers coming from a physiological microenvironment or other external source. They are built based on various chemical, physical, and biological tools that enable pH and/or temperature-stimulated changes in structural or physicochemical attributes, like shape, volume, solubility, supramolecular arrangement, and others. This review touches on some particular developments on the topic of stimuli-sensitive molecular tools for biomedical applications. Design and mechanistic details are provided concerning the smart synthetic instruments that are employed to prepare supra- and macro-molecular architectures with specific responses to external stimuli. Five major themes are approached: (i) temperature- and pH-responsive systems for controlled drug delivery; (ii) glycodynameric hydrogels for drug delivery; (iii) polymeric non-viral vectors for gene delivery; (iv) metallic nanoconjugates for biomedical applications; and, (v) smart organic tools for biomedical imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Pinteala
- “Petru Poni” Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Romanian Academy, Grigore Ghica Voda Alley, 41A, 700487 Iasi, Romania; (M.P.); (M.J.M.A.)
| | - Marc J. M. Abadie
- “Petru Poni” Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Romanian Academy, Grigore Ghica Voda Alley, 41A, 700487 Iasi, Romania; (M.P.); (M.J.M.A.)
- Institute Charles Gerhardt Montpellier, Bat 15, CC 1052, University of Montpellier, 34095 Montpellier, France
| | - Radu D. Rusu
- “Petru Poni” Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Romanian Academy, Grigore Ghica Voda Alley, 41A, 700487 Iasi, Romania; (M.P.); (M.J.M.A.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +40-232-217454
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12
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Peng S, Wang Q, Xiao X, Wang R, Lin J, Zhou Q, Wu L. Redox‐responsive polyethyleneimine‐coated magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles for controllable gene delivery and magnetic resonance imaging. POLYM INT 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/pi.5943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Si Peng
- College of Chemical and Environment ProtectionSouthwest Minzu University Chengdu Sichuan China
| | - Qiu‐yue Wang
- College of Chemical and Environment ProtectionSouthwest Minzu University Chengdu Sichuan China
| | - Xue Xiao
- College of Chemical and Environment ProtectionSouthwest Minzu University Chengdu Sichuan China
| | - Rui Wang
- College of Chemical and Environment ProtectionSouthwest Minzu University Chengdu Sichuan China
| | - Juan Lin
- School of Biomedical Sciences and TechnologyChengdu Medical College Chengdu China
| | - Qing‐han Zhou
- College of Chemical and Environment ProtectionSouthwest Minzu University Chengdu Sichuan China
| | - Li‐na Wu
- Department of Anatomy and Histology and EmbryologyDevelopment and Regeneration Key Lab of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Medical College Chengdu China
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Turin-Moleavin IA, Fifere A, Lungoci AL, Rosca I, Coroaba A, Peptanariu D, Nastasa V, Pasca SA, Bostanaru AC, Mares M, Pinteala M. In Vitro and In Vivo Antioxidant Activity of the New Magnetic-Cerium Oxide Nanoconjugates. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2019; 9:E1565. [PMID: 31690040 PMCID: PMC6915648 DOI: 10.3390/nano9111565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2019] [Revised: 10/21/2019] [Accepted: 11/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cerium oxide nanoparticles present the mimetic activity of superoxide dismutase, being able to inactivate the excess of reactive oxygen species (ROS) correlated with a large number of pathologies, such as stents restenosis and the occurrence of genetic mutations that can cause cancer. This study presents the synthesis and biological characterisation of nanoconjugates based on nanoparticles of iron oxide interconnected with cerium oxide conjugates. METHODS The synthesis of magnetite-nanoceria nanoconjugates has been done in several stages, where the key to the process is the coating of nanoparticles with polyethyleneimine and its chemical activation-reticulation with glutaraldehyde. The nanoconjugates are characterised by several techniques, and the antioxidant activity was evaluated in vitro and in vivo. RESULTS Iron oxide nanoparticles interconnected with cerium oxide nanoparticles were obtained, having an average diameter of 8 nm. Nanoconjugates prove to possess superparamagnetic properties and the saturation magnetisation varies with the addition of diamagnetic components in the system, remaining within the limits of biomedical applications. In vitro free-radical scavenging properties of nanoceria are improved after the coating of nanoparticles with polyethylenimine and conjugation with magnetite nanoparticles. In vivo studies reveal increased antioxidant activity in all organs and fluids collected from mice, which demonstrates the ability of the nanoconjugates to reduce oxidative stress. CONCLUSION Nanoconjugates possess magnetic properties, being able to scavenge free radicals, reducing the oxidative stress. The combination of the two properties mentioned above makes them excellent candidates for theranostic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioana-Andreea Turin-Moleavin
- Centre of Advanced Research in Bionanoconjugates and Biopolymers Department, “Petru Poni” Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, 41A Grigore Ghica-Voda Alley, 700487 Iasi, Romania; (I.-A.T.-M.); (A.-L.L.); (I.R.); (A.C.); (D.P.)
| | - Adrian Fifere
- Centre of Advanced Research in Bionanoconjugates and Biopolymers Department, “Petru Poni” Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, 41A Grigore Ghica-Voda Alley, 700487 Iasi, Romania; (I.-A.T.-M.); (A.-L.L.); (I.R.); (A.C.); (D.P.)
| | - Ana-Lacramioara Lungoci
- Centre of Advanced Research in Bionanoconjugates and Biopolymers Department, “Petru Poni” Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, 41A Grigore Ghica-Voda Alley, 700487 Iasi, Romania; (I.-A.T.-M.); (A.-L.L.); (I.R.); (A.C.); (D.P.)
| | - Irina Rosca
- Centre of Advanced Research in Bionanoconjugates and Biopolymers Department, “Petru Poni” Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, 41A Grigore Ghica-Voda Alley, 700487 Iasi, Romania; (I.-A.T.-M.); (A.-L.L.); (I.R.); (A.C.); (D.P.)
| | - Adina Coroaba
- Centre of Advanced Research in Bionanoconjugates and Biopolymers Department, “Petru Poni” Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, 41A Grigore Ghica-Voda Alley, 700487 Iasi, Romania; (I.-A.T.-M.); (A.-L.L.); (I.R.); (A.C.); (D.P.)
| | - Dragos Peptanariu
- Centre of Advanced Research in Bionanoconjugates and Biopolymers Department, “Petru Poni” Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, 41A Grigore Ghica-Voda Alley, 700487 Iasi, Romania; (I.-A.T.-M.); (A.-L.L.); (I.R.); (A.C.); (D.P.)
| | - Valentin Nastasa
- Laboratory of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, “Ion Ionescu de la Brad” University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, 8 Sadoveanu Alley, 700489 Iasi, Romania; (V.N.); (S.-A.P.); (A.-C.B.); (M.M.)
| | - Sorin-Aurelian Pasca
- Laboratory of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, “Ion Ionescu de la Brad” University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, 8 Sadoveanu Alley, 700489 Iasi, Romania; (V.N.); (S.-A.P.); (A.-C.B.); (M.M.)
| | - Andra-Cristina Bostanaru
- Laboratory of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, “Ion Ionescu de la Brad” University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, 8 Sadoveanu Alley, 700489 Iasi, Romania; (V.N.); (S.-A.P.); (A.-C.B.); (M.M.)
| | - Mihai Mares
- Laboratory of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, “Ion Ionescu de la Brad” University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, 8 Sadoveanu Alley, 700489 Iasi, Romania; (V.N.); (S.-A.P.); (A.-C.B.); (M.M.)
| | - Mariana Pinteala
- Centre of Advanced Research in Bionanoconjugates and Biopolymers Department, “Petru Poni” Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, 41A Grigore Ghica-Voda Alley, 700487 Iasi, Romania; (I.-A.T.-M.); (A.-L.L.); (I.R.); (A.C.); (D.P.)
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