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Khot VM, Salunkhe AB, Pricl S, Bauer J, Thorat ND, Townley H. Nanomedicine-driven molecular targeting, drug delivery, and therapeutic approaches to cancer chemoresistance. Drug Discov Today 2020; 26:724-739. [PMID: 33359624 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2020.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Revised: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Cancer cell resistance to chemotherapeutics (chemoresistance) poses a significant clinical challenge that oncology research seeks to understand and overcome. Multiple anticancer drugs and targeting agents can be incorporated in nanomedicines, in addition to different treatment modalities, forming a single nanoplatform that can be used to address tumor chemoresistance. Nanomedicine-driven molecular assemblies using nucleic acids, small interfering (si)RNAs, miRNAs, and aptamers in combination with stimuli-responsive therapy improve the pharmacokinetic (PK) profile of the drugs and enhance their accumulation in tumors and, thus, therapeutic outcomes. In this review, we highlight nanomedicine-driven molecular targeting and therapy combination used to improve the 3Rs (right place, right time, and right dose) for chemoresistant tumor therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vishwajeet M Khot
- Department of Medical Physics, Center for Interdisciplinary Research, D.Y. Patil Education Society (Institution Deemed to be University), Kolhapur 416006, MS, India.
| | | | - Sabrina Pricl
- MolBNL@UniTS-DEA University of Trieste, Piazzale Europa 1, 34127 Trieste, Italy; Department of General Biophysics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, 90-137 Lodz, Poland
| | - Joanna Bauer
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Fundamental Technology, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, 50-370, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Nanasaheb D Thorat
- Nuffield Department of Women's & Reproductive Health, Division of Medical Sciences, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DU, UK; Department of Engineering Science, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3PJ, UK.
| | - Helen Townley
- Nuffield Department of Women's & Reproductive Health, Division of Medical Sciences, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DU, UK; Department of Engineering Science, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3PJ, UK
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Maliszewska I, Wanarska E, Tylus W. Sulfonated hydroxyaluminum phthalocyanine-biogenic Au/Ag alloy nanoparticles mixtures for effective photo-eradication of Candida albicans. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2020; 32:102016. [PMID: 33045412 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2020.102016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Revised: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
In response to the increasingly widespread resistance of fungi to traditional treatment, we have reported successful photodynamic inactivation of Candida albicans planktonic cells using di-(AlPcS2) and trisulfonated (AlPcS3) hydroxyaluminum phthalocyanines in combination with Au/Ag alloy nanoparticles synthesized by the cell-free filtrate of Trichoderma koningii. These nanostructures with Au:Ag molar ratios 2:1, 1:1 and 1:2 have individual plasmonic band at 513-515 nm, 505-509 nm and 486-489 nm, respectively. XPS analysis of the ratio of gold to silver on the surface of these alloys indicated that Au and Ag formed a bimetallic system, wherein Au was coated with Ag. The XRD pattern revealed the angles at 38.2, 44.5, 64.9 and 78.0°. TEM analysis indicated that the average diameter of the synthesized alloys was 9 ± 3 nm, 8 ± 3 nm and 16 ± 3 nm for structures with Au:Ag molar ratios 1:1, 1:2 and 2:1, respectively. The FTIR band absorption, SEM-EDS analysis and basic elemental composition obtained by XPS confirmed that these nanostructures are stabilized by protein(s). Diode laser with the peak-power wavelength ʎ = 650 nm (output power of 40 mW; power density of 105 mW cm-2) was used as a light source. The mixture of AlPcS2+Au/Ag-NPs (Au:Ag = 2:1) can be considered as an effective photosensitizer, because eradication of C. albicans, as required by the American Society of Microbiology (99.9 %), was achieved at a low dose of light of 31.5 J cm-2. It was postulated that this low dose of light applied to the photo-induced fungicidal effect may be painless for potential patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irena Maliszewska
- Department of Organic and Medicinal Chemistry, Wrocław University of Science and Technology, Wybrzeże Wyspiańskiego 27, 50-370, Wrocław, Poland.
| | - Ewelina Wanarska
- Department of Organic and Medicinal Chemistry, Wrocław University of Science and Technology, Wybrzeże Wyspiańskiego 27, 50-370, Wrocław, Poland.
| | - Włodzimierz Tylus
- Department of Advanced Material Technologies, Wrocław University of Science and Technology, Wybrzeże Wyspiańskiego 27, 50-370, Wrocław, Poland.
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