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Hossain MM, Kungsadalpipob P, He N, Gao W, Bradford P. Multilayer Core-Shell Fiber Device for Improved Strain Sensing and Supercapacitor Applications. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024:e2401031. [PMID: 38970556 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202401031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Revised: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/08/2024]
Abstract
1D fiber devices, known for their exceptional flexibility and seamless integration capabilities, often face trade-offs between desired wearable application characteristics and actual performance. In this study, a multilayer device composed of carbon nanotube (CNT), transition metal carbides/nitrides (MXenes), and cotton fibers, fabricated using a dry spinning method is presented, which significantly enhances both strain sensing and supercapacitor functionality. This core-shell fiber design achieves a record-high sensitivity (GF ≈ 4500) and maintains robust durability under various environmental conditions. Furthermore, the design approach markedly influences capacitance, correlating with the percentage of active material used. Through systematic optimization, the fiber device exhibited a capacitance 26-fold greater than that of a standard neat CNT fiber, emphasizing the crucial role of innovative design and high active material loading in improving device performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Milon Hossain
- Department of Textile Engineering, Chemistry and Science, NC State University, Raleigh, NC, 27606, USA
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14850, USA
| | - Patrapee Kungsadalpipob
- Department of Materials Science, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
- Center of Excellence on Petrochemical and Materials Technology, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Nanfei He
- Department of Textile Engineering, Chemistry and Science, NC State University, Raleigh, NC, 27606, USA
| | - Wei Gao
- Department of Textile Engineering, Chemistry and Science, NC State University, Raleigh, NC, 27606, USA
| | - Philip Bradford
- Department of Textile Engineering, Chemistry and Science, NC State University, Raleigh, NC, 27606, USA
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Liu L, An X, Cui Y, Tang Q, Lan H, Liu H, Qu J. Electrically Controlled Adsorptive Membranes with Tunable Affinity for Selective Chromium (VI) Separation from Water. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2023; 57:13658-13668. [PMID: 37647171 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c02751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
Ionic contaminants such as Cr(VI) pose a challenge for water purification using membrane-based processes. However, existing membranes have low permeability and selectivity for Cr(VI). Therefore, in this study, we prepared an electrically controlled adsorptive membrane (ECAM-L) by coating a loose Cl--doped polypyrrole layer on a carbon nanotube substrate, and we evaluated the performance of ECAM-L for Cr(VI) separation from water. We also used electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance measurements and molecular dynamics and density functional theory calculations to investigate the separation mechanisms. The adsorption and desorption of Cr(VI) could be modulated by varying the electrostatic interactions between ECAM-L and Cr(VI) via potential control, enabling the cyclic use of the ECAM-L without additional additives. Consequently, the oxidized ECAM-L showed high Cr(VI) removal performance (<50 μg/L) and treatment capacity (>3500 L/m2) at a high water flux (283 L/m2/h), as well as reusability after the application of a potential. Our study demonstrates an efficient membrane design for water decontamination that can selectively separate Cr(VI) through a short electric stimulus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lie Liu
- Center for Water and Ecology, State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Xiaoqiang An
- Center for Water and Ecology, State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yuqi Cui
- Center for Water and Ecology, State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Qingwen Tang
- Center for Water and Ecology, State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Huachun Lan
- Center for Water and Ecology, State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Huijuan Liu
- Center for Water and Ecology, State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Jiuhui Qu
- Center for Water and Ecology, State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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Carbon Nanotube-Based Thermoelectric Modules Enhanced by ZnO Nanowires. MATERIALS 2022; 15:ma15051924. [PMID: 35269156 PMCID: PMC8911611 DOI: 10.3390/ma15051924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Revised: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have a wide range of unique properties, which have kept them at the forefront of research in recent decades. Due to their electrical and thermal characteristics, they are often evaluated as key components of thermogenerators. One can create thermogenerators exclusively from CNTs, without any metal counterpart, by properly selecting dopants to obtain n- and p-doped CNTs. However, the performance of CNT thermogenerators remains insufficient to reach wide commercial implementation. This study shows that molecular doping and the inclusion of ZnO nanowires (NWs) can greatly increase their application potential. Moreover, prototype modules, based on single-walled CNTs (SWCNTs), ZnO NWs, polyethyleneimine, and triazole, reveal notable capabilities for generating electrical energy, while ensuring fully scalable performance. Upon doping and the addition of ZnO nanowires, the electrical conductivity of pure SWCNTs (211 S/cm) was increased by a factor of three. Moreover, the proposed strategy enhanced the Power Factor values from 18.99 (unmodified SWCNTs) to 34.9 and 42.91 µW/m∙K2 for CNTs triazole and polyethyleneimine + ZnO NWs inclusion, respectively.
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Bulmer JS, Kaniyoor A, Elliott JA. A Meta-Analysis of Conductive and Strong Carbon Nanotube Materials. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2021; 33:e2008432. [PMID: 34278614 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202008432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Revised: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
A study of 1304 data points collated over 266 papers statistically evaluates the relationships between carbon nanotube (CNT) material characteristics, including: electrical, mechanical, and thermal properties; ampacity; density; purity; microstructure alignment; molecular dimensions and graphitic perfection; and doping. Compared to conductive polymers and graphitic intercalation compounds, which have exceeded the electrical conductivity of copper, CNT materials are currently one-sixth of copper's conductivity, mechanically on-par with synthetic or carbon fibers, and exceed all the other materials in terms of a multifunctional metric. Doped, aligned few-wall CNTs (FWCNTs) are the most superior CNT category; from this, the acid-spun fiber subset are the most conductive, and the subset of fibers directly spun from floating catalyst chemical vapor deposition are strongest on a weight basis. The thermal conductivity of multiwall CNT material rivals that of FWCNT materials. Ampacity follows a diameter-dependent power-law from nanometer to millimeter scales. Undoped, aligned FWCNT material reaches the intrinsic conductivity of CNT bundles and single-crystal graphite, illustrating an intrinsic limit requiring doping for copper-level conductivities. Comparing an assembly of CNTs (forming mesoscopic bundles, then macroscopic material) to an assembly of graphene (forming single-crystal graphite crystallites, then carbon fiber), the ≈1 µm room-temperature, phonon-limited mean-free-path shared between graphene, metallic CNTs, and activated semiconducting CNTs is highlighted, deemphasizing all metallic helicities for CNT power transmission applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- John S Bulmer
- Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy, University of Cambridge, 27 Charles Babbage Road, Cambridge, CB3 0FS, UK
| | - Adarsh Kaniyoor
- Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy, University of Cambridge, 27 Charles Babbage Road, Cambridge, CB3 0FS, UK
| | - James A Elliott
- Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy, University of Cambridge, 27 Charles Babbage Road, Cambridge, CB3 0FS, UK
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Kumanek B, Stando G, Stando P, Matuszek K, Milowska KZ, Krzywiecki M, Gryglas-Borysiewicz M, Ogorzałek Z, Payne MC, MacFarlane D, Janas D. Enhancing thermoelectric properties of single-walled carbon nanotubes using halide compounds at room temperature and above. Sci Rep 2021; 11:8649. [PMID: 33883634 PMCID: PMC8060344 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-88079-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are materials with exceptional electrical, thermal, mechanical, and optical properties. Ever since it was demonstrated that they also possess interesting thermoelectric properties, they have been considered a promising solution for thermal energy harvesting. In this study, we present a simple method to enhance their performance. For this purpose, thin films obtained from high-quality single-walled CNTs (SWCNTs) were doped with a spectrum of inorganic and organic halide compounds. We studied how incorporating various halide species affects the electrical conductivity, the Seebeck coefficient, and the Power Factor. Since thermoelectric devices operate under non-ambient conditions, we also evaluated these materials' performance at elevated temperatures. Our research shows that appropriate dopant selection can result in almost fivefold improvement to the Power Factor compared to the pristine material. We also demonstrate that the chemical potential of the starting CNT network determines its properties, which is important for deciphering the true impact of chemical and physical functionalization of such ensembles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bogumiła Kumanek
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Bioorganic Chemistry and Biotechnology, Silesian University of Technology, B. Krzywoustego 4, 44-100, Gliwice, Poland.
| | - Grzegorz Stando
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Bioorganic Chemistry and Biotechnology, Silesian University of Technology, B. Krzywoustego 4, 44-100, Gliwice, Poland
| | - Paweł Stando
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Bioorganic Chemistry and Biotechnology, Silesian University of Technology, B. Krzywoustego 4, 44-100, Gliwice, Poland
| | - Karolina Matuszek
- School of Chemistry, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, 3800, Australia
| | - Karolina Z Milowska
- TCM Group, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, 19 JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge, CB3 0HE, UK
| | - Maciej Krzywiecki
- Institute of Physics-CSE, Silesian University of Technology, Konarskiego 22B, 44-100, Gliwice, Poland
| | | | - Zuzanna Ogorzałek
- Faculty of Physics, University of Warsaw, Pasteura 5, 02-093, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Mike C Payne
- TCM Group, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, 19 JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge, CB3 0HE, UK
| | | | - Dawid Janas
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Bioorganic Chemistry and Biotechnology, Silesian University of Technology, B. Krzywoustego 4, 44-100, Gliwice, Poland.
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Huang X, Gu W, Ma Y, Liu D, Ding N, Zhou L, Lei J, Wang L, Zhang J. Recent advances of doped graphite carbon nitride for photocatalytic reduction of CO2: a review. RESEARCH ON CHEMICAL INTERMEDIATES 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s11164-020-04278-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Kumanek B, Stando G, Wróbel PS, Janas D. Impact of Synthesis Parameters of Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes on their Thermoelectric Properties. MATERIALS 2019; 12:ma12213567. [PMID: 31671679 PMCID: PMC6862382 DOI: 10.3390/ma12213567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2019] [Revised: 10/28/2019] [Accepted: 10/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Carbon nanotubes have been intensively researched for many years because of a wide array of promising properties that they have. In this paper, we present the impact of synthesis parameters on thermoelectric properties of nanocarbon material. We conducted a number of syntheses of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) at different temperatures (800 and 900 °C) using various amounts of catalyst (2%, 5.5%, and 9.6%) to facilitate the process. We also tested the influence of injection rate of precursor and the necessity of material purification on thermoelectric properties of MWCNTs. The electrical conductivity, thermal conductivity, and Seebeck coefficient were measurement for all samples. Based on these parameters, the values of Power Factor and Figure of Merit were calculated. The results show that the most important parameter in the context of thermoelectric properties is purity of employed MWCNTs. To obtain appropriate material for this purpose optimum synthesis temperature and appropriate content of the catalyst must be selected. The study also reveals that post-synthetic purification of nanocarbon is essential to produce an attractive material for thermoelectrics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bogumiła Kumanek
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Bioorganic Chemistry and Biotechnology, Silesian University of Technology, B. Krzywoustego 4, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland.
| | - Grzegorz Stando
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Bioorganic Chemistry and Biotechnology, Silesian University of Technology, B. Krzywoustego 4, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland.
| | - Paweł S Wróbel
- Centre of Polymer and Carbon Materials Polish Academy of Sciences, M. Curie-Sklodowskiej 34, 41-819 Zabrze, Poland.
| | - Dawid Janas
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Bioorganic Chemistry and Biotechnology, Silesian University of Technology, B. Krzywoustego 4, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland.
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