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Afreen A, Hameed H, Tariq M, Sharif MS, Ahmed R, Waheed A, Kousar MB, Akram Z. Shining insights: Deciphering the biogenic synthesis of Ajuga bracteosa-mediated gold nanoparticles with advanced microscopy techniques. Microsc Res Tech 2024; 87:1984-1996. [PMID: 38619301 DOI: 10.1002/jemt.24571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
In this study, gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) were bioreduced from Ajuga bracteosa, a medicinal herb known for its therapeutic properties against various diseases. Different fractions of the plant extract were used, including the methanolic fraction (ABMF), the n-hexane fraction (ABHF), the chloroform fraction (ABCF), and the aqueous extract for AuNPs synthesis. The characterization of AuNPs was performed using UV-Vis spectrophotometry, FT-IR, XRD, EDX, and TEM. UV-Vis spectroscopy confirmed the formation of AuNPs, with peaks observed at 555 nm. FT-IR analysis indicated strong capping of phytochemicals on the surface of AuNPs, which was supported by higher total phenolic contents (TPC) and total flavonoid contents (TFC) in AuNPs. XRD results showed high crystallinity and a smaller size distribution of AuNPs. TEM analysis revealed the spherical shape of AuNPs, with an average size of 29 ± 10 nm. The biologically synthesized AuNPs exhibited superior antibacterial, antioxidant, and cytotoxic activities compared to the plant extract fractions. The presence of active biomolecules in A. bracteosa, such as neoclerodan flavonol glycosides, diterpenoids, phytoecdysone, and iridoid glycosides, contributed to the enhanced biological activities of AuNPs. Overall, this research highlights the potential of A. bracteosa-derived AuNPs for various biomedical applications due to their remarkable therapeutic properties and effective capping by phytochemicals. RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS: This research underscores the growing significance of herbal medicine in contemporary healthcare by exploring the therapeutic potential of Ajuga bracteosa and gold nanoparticles (AuNPs). The study highlights the notable efficacy of A. bracteosa leaf extracts and AuNPs in treating bacterial infections, demonstrating their bactericidal effects on a range of strains. The anti-inflammatory properties of plant extracts and nanoparticles are evidenced through paw edema method suggesting their applicability in managing inflammatory conditions. These findings position A. bracteosa and AuNPs as potential candidates for alternative and effective approaches to modern medication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afshan Afreen
- Department of Biotechnology, Mirpur University of Science and Technology, Mirpur, Pakistan
| | - Hajra Hameed
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Muhammad Tariq
- Department of Biotechnology, Mirpur University of Science and Technology, Mirpur, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Shakeeb Sharif
- Department of Clinical and Translational Oncology, Scuola Superiore Meridionale Via Mezzocannone, Naples, Italy
| | - Rashid Ahmed
- Department of Biotechnology, Mirpur University of Science and Technology, Mirpur, Pakistan
| | - Abdul Waheed
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Momina Bint Kousar
- Department of Biotechnology, Mirpur University of Science and Technology, Mirpur, Pakistan
| | - Zeeshan Akram
- Department of Biotechnology, Mirpur University of Science and Technology, Mirpur, Pakistan
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Malik S, Niazi M, Khan M, Rauff B, Anwar S, Amin F, Hanif R. Cytotoxicity Study of Gold Nanoparticle Synthesis Using Aloe vera, Honey, and Gymnema sylvestre Leaf Extract. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:6325-6336. [PMID: 36844542 PMCID: PMC9947984 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c06491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) have gained importance in the field of biomedical research and diagnostics due to their unique physicochemical properties. This study aimed to synthesize AuNPs using Aloe vera extract, honey, and Gymnema sylvestre leaf extract. Physicochemical parameters for the optimal synthesis of AuNPs were determined using 0.5, 1, 2, and 3 mM of gold salt at varying temperatures from 20 to 50 °C. X-ray diffraction was used to evaluate the crystal structure of AuNPs, which came out to be a face-centered cubic structure. Scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy analysis confirmed the size and shape of AuNPs between 20 and 50 nm from the Aloe vera, honey, and Gymnema sylvestre, as well as large-sized nanocubes in the case of honey, with 21-34 wt % of gold content. Furthermore, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy confirmed the presence of a broadband of amine (N-H) and alcohol groups (O-H) on the surface of the synthesized AuNPs that prevents them from agglomeration and provides stability. Broad and weak bands of aliphatic ether (C-O), alkane (C-H), and other functional groups were also found on these AuNPs. DPPH antioxidant activity assay showed a high free radical scavenging potential. The most suited source was selected for further conjugation with three anticancer drugs including 4-hydroxy Tamoxifen, HIF1 alpha inhibitor, and the soluble Guanylyl Cyclase Inhibitor 1 H-[1,2,4] oxadiazolo [4,3-alpha]quinoxalin-1-one (ODQ). Evidence of the pegylated drug conjugation with AuNPs was reinforced by ultraviolet/visible spectroscopy. These drug-conjugated nanoparticles were further checked on MCF7 and MDA-MB-231 cells for their cytotoxicity. These AuNP-conjugated drugs can be a good candidate for breast cancer treatment that will lead toward safe, economical, biocompatible, and targeted drug delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiza Malik
- Atta-ur-Rahman
School of Applied Biosciences (ASAB), National
University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad44000, Pakistan
| | - Maha Niazi
- Atta-ur-Rahman
School of Applied Biosciences (ASAB), National
University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad44000, Pakistan
| | - Maham Khan
- Atta-ur-Rahman
School of Applied Biosciences (ASAB), National
University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad44000, Pakistan
| | - Bisma Rauff
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, University of
Engineering and Technology (UET), Lahore53400, Pakistan
| | - Sidra Anwar
- Atta-ur-Rahman
School of Applied Biosciences (ASAB), National
University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad44000, Pakistan
| | - Faheem Amin
- Department
of Physics, School of Natural Sciences (SNS), National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad46000, Pakistan
| | - Rumeza Hanif
- Atta-ur-Rahman
School of Applied Biosciences (ASAB), National
University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad44000, Pakistan
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Ameen F, Al-Maary KS, Almansob A, AlNadhari S. Antioxidant, antibacterial and anticancer efficacy of Alternaria chlamydospora-mediated gold nanoparticles. APPLIED NANOSCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s13204-021-02047-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Preparation and Characterization of Silymarin-Conjugated Gold Nanoparticles with Enhanced Anti-Fibrotic Therapeutic Effects against Hepatic Fibrosis in Rats: Role of MicroRNAs as Molecular Targets. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9121767. [PMID: 34944582 PMCID: PMC8698929 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9121767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Revised: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The main obstacles of silymarin (SIL) application in liver diseases are its low bioavailability, elevated metabolism, rapid excretion in bile and urine, and inefficient intestinal resorption. The study aimed to synthesize and characterize silymarin-conjugated gold nanoparticles (SGNPs) formulation to improve SIL bioavailability and release for potentiating its antifibrotic action. METHODS Both SGNPs and gold nanoparticles (GNPs) were prepared and characterized using standard characterization techniques. The improved formulation was assessed for in vitro drug release study and in vivo study on rats using CCl4 induced hepatic fibrosis model. SIL, SGNPs, and GNPs were administered by oral gavage daily for 30 days. At the end of the study, rats underwent anesthesia and were sacrificed, serum samples were collected for biochemical analysis. Liver tissues were collected to measure the genes and microRNAs (miRNAs) expressions. Also, histopathological and immunohistochemistry (IHC) examinations of hepatic tissues supported these results. RESULTS The successful formation and conjugation of SGNPs were confirmed by measurements methods. The synthesized nanohybrid SGNPs showed significant antifibrotic therapeutic action against CCl4-induced hepatic damage in rats, and preserved normal body weight, liver weight, liver index values, retained normal hepatic functions, lowered inflammatory markers, declined lipid peroxidation, and activated the antioxidant pathway nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2 (NRF2). The antifibrotic activities of SGNPs mediated through enhancing the hepatic expression of the protective miRNAs; miR-22, miR-29c, and miR-219a which results in suppressed expression of the main fibrosis mediators; TGFβR1, COL3A1, and TGFβR2, respectively. The histopathology and IHC analysis confirmed the anti-fibrotic effects of SGNPs. CONCLUSIONS The successful synthesis of SGNPs with sizes ranging from 16 up to 20 nm and entrapment efficiency and loading capacity 96% and 38.69%, respectively. In vivo studies revealed that the obtained nano-formulation of SIL boosted its anti-fibrotic effects.
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Pandey VK, Upadhyay SN, Mishra PK. Light-induced synthesis of silver nanoparticles using Ocimum tenuiflorum extract: Characterisation and application. JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL RESEARCH 2020. [DOI: 10.1177/1747519820936511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Stable silver nanoparticles of various sizes are synthesised using the aqueous extract of Tulsi ( Ocimum tenuiflorum) as the reducing agent as well as a stabilising agent under the influence of light of wavelength ranging from 200 to 900 nm. The formation of silver nanoparticles is monitored using a UV-Visible spectrophotometer and the particle shape, size and stability are analysed using scanning electron microscopy, dynamic light scattering and zeta potential measurement techniques. It is observed that the size of the silver nanoparticles decreases on increasing the wavelength of irradiating light. The silver nanoparticles show antimicrobial activity against gram-positive ( Bacillus subtilis), as well as gram-negative ( Escherichia coli) bacteria. The antimicrobial activity shows an inverse relationship with the size of the silver nanoparticles. The bio-synthesised silver nanoparticles are successfully embedded in a polymeric film to act as an active antimicrobial film that can potentially release the active constituents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivek Kumar Pandey
- Department of Chemical Engineering & Technology, Indian Institute of Technology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Siddh Nath Upadhyay
- Department of Chemical Engineering & Technology, Indian Institute of Technology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Pradeep Kumar Mishra
- Department of Chemical Engineering & Technology, Indian Institute of Technology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
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Ben Tahar I, Fickers P, Dziedzic A, Płoch D, Skóra B, Kus-Liśkiewicz M. Green pyomelanin-mediated synthesis of gold nanoparticles: modelling and design, physico-chemical and biological characteristics. Microb Cell Fact 2019; 18:210. [PMID: 31796078 PMCID: PMC6891958 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-019-1254-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Accepted: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Synthesis of nanoparticles (NPs) and their incorporation in materials are amongst the most studied topics in chemistry, physics and material science. Gold NPs have applications in medicine due to their antibacterial and anticancer activities, in biomedical imaging and diagnostic test. Despite chemical synthesis of NPs are well characterized and controlled, they rely on the utilization of harsh chemical conditions and organic solvent and generate toxic residues. Therefore, greener and more sustainable alternative methods for NPs synthesis have been developed recently. These methods use microorganisms, mainly yeast or yeast cell extract. NPs synthesis with culture supernatants are most of the time the preferred method since it facilitates the purification scheme for the recovery of the NPs. Extraction of NPs, formed within the cells or cell-wall, is laborious, time-consuming and are not cost effective. The bioactivities of NPs, namely antimicrobial and anticancer, are known to be related to NPs shape, size and size distribution. RESULTS Herein, we reported on the green synthesis of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) mediated by pyomelanin purified from the yeast Yarrowia lipolytica. A three levels four factorial Box-Behnken Design (BBD) was used to evaluate the influence of temperature, pH, gold salt and pyomelanin concentration on the nanoparticle size distribution. Based on the BBD, a quadratic model was established and was applied to predict the experimental parameters that yield to AuNPs with specific size. The synthesized nanoparticles with median size value of 104 nm were of nanocrystalline structure, mostly polygonal or spherical. They exhibited a high colloidal stability with zeta potential of - 28.96 mV and a moderate polydispersity index of 0.267. The absence of cytotoxicity of the AuNPs was investigated on two mammalian cell lines, namely mouse fibroblasts (NIH3T3) and human osteosarcoma cells (U2OS). Cell viability was only reduced at AuNPs concentration higher than 160 µg/mL. Moreover, they did not affect on the cell morphology. CONCLUSION Our results indicate that different process parameters affect significantly nanoparticles size however with the mathematical model it is possible to define the size of AuNPs. Moreover, this melanin-based gold nanoparticles showed neither cytotoxicity effect nor altered cell morphology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imen Ben Tahar
- Microbial Processes and Interactions, TERRA Teaching and Research Centre, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liege, Avenue de la Faculté, 2, 5030, Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Patrick Fickers
- Microbial Processes and Interactions, TERRA Teaching and Research Centre, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liege, Avenue de la Faculté, 2, 5030, Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Andrzej Dziedzic
- Institute of Physics, College of Natural Sciences, University of Rzeszow, Pigonia 1, 35-310, Rzeszow, Poland
| | - Dariusz Płoch
- Institute of Physics, College of Natural Sciences, University of Rzeszow, Pigonia 1, 35-310, Rzeszow, Poland
| | - Bartosz Skóra
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Biology and Biotechnology, College of Natural Sciences, University of Rzeszow, Pigonia 1, 35-310, Rzeszow, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Kus-Liśkiewicz
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Biology and Biotechnology, College of Natural Sciences, University of Rzeszow, Pigonia 1, 35-310, Rzeszow, Poland.
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Vetchinkina E, Loshchinina E, Kupryashina M, Burov A, Nikitina V. Shape and Size Diversity of Gold, Silver, Selenium, and Silica Nanoparticles Prepared by Green Synthesis Using Fungi and Bacteria. Ind Eng Chem Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.9b03345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Elena Vetchinkina
- Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology of Plants and Microorganisms, Russian Academy of Sciences, 13 Prospekt Entuziastov, Saratov 410049, Russian Federation
| | - Ekaterina Loshchinina
- Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology of Plants and Microorganisms, Russian Academy of Sciences, 13 Prospekt Entuziastov, Saratov 410049, Russian Federation
| | - Maria Kupryashina
- Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology of Plants and Microorganisms, Russian Academy of Sciences, 13 Prospekt Entuziastov, Saratov 410049, Russian Federation
| | - Andrey Burov
- Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology of Plants and Microorganisms, Russian Academy of Sciences, 13 Prospekt Entuziastov, Saratov 410049, Russian Federation
| | - Valentina Nikitina
- Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology of Plants and Microorganisms, Russian Academy of Sciences, 13 Prospekt Entuziastov, Saratov 410049, Russian Federation
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Das S, Halder A, Mandal S, Mazumder MAJ, Bera T, Mukherjee A, Roy P. Andrographolide engineered gold nanoparticle to overcome drug resistant visceral leishmaniasis. ARTIFICIAL CELLS NANOMEDICINE AND BIOTECHNOLOGY 2018; 46:751-762. [PMID: 29421940 DOI: 10.1080/21691401.2018.1435549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is World Health Organization designated most serious leishmaniasis with an annual mortality rate of 50,000. Even after country specific eradication programs, the disease continues to multiply with added complexities like resistance development, drug hypersensitivity and associated infections. Newer therapeutic interventions are urgently warranted to control the spread. Present study aims to arrive at terpenoid andrographolide engineered gold nanoparticle (AGAunps) facile synthesis and its efficacy evaluations against wild and drug resistant VL strains for the first time. Molecular bio-organic conjugation of AGAunp was confirmed in FT-IR and EDAX studies. Nano-gold plasmon response was recorded at 543 nm and the average size in TEM was 14 nm. SAED pattern and XRD observations proved fcc crystalline structure of nano-gold. AGAunp recorded spherical geometry in AFM and TEM. PDI value of 0.137 revealed the monodisperse nature of the nano-scale population. AGAunp exhibited strong antileishmanicidal effect both against wild type (IC50 19 ± 1.7 µM) and sodium stibogluconate (IC50 55 ± 7.3 µM)/paromomycin (IC50 41 ± 6 µM) resistant strains. Complete macrophage uptake AGAunp's occured within two hours exposure. AGAunp macrophage cytotoxicity was significantly lower as compared to Amphotericin-B. Low toxic Andrographolide engineered gold nanoparticle emerged as promising alternatives in the control of wild and drug resistant VL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suvadra Das
- a Department of Chemical Technology , University of Calcutta , Kolkata , India
| | - Asim Halder
- a Department of Chemical Technology , University of Calcutta , Kolkata , India
| | - Saptarshi Mandal
- a Department of Chemical Technology , University of Calcutta , Kolkata , India
| | - Mohammad Abu Jafar Mazumder
- b Department of Chemistry, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals , Dhahran , Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Tanmoy Bera
- c Department of Pharmaceutical Technology , Jadavpur University , Kolkata , India
| | - Arup Mukherjee
- d Department of Pharmaceutical Technology , Adamas University , Kolkata , India
| | - Partha Roy
- d Department of Pharmaceutical Technology , Adamas University , Kolkata , India
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Kiranda HK, Mahmud R, Abubakar D, Zakaria ZA. Fabrication, Characterization and Cytotoxicity of Spherical-Shaped Conjugated Gold-Cockle Shell Derived Calcium Carbonate Nanoparticles for Biomedical Applications. NANOSCALE RESEARCH LETTERS 2018; 13:1. [PMID: 29299709 PMCID: PMC5752660 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-017-2411-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 156] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2017] [Accepted: 12/11/2017] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The evolution of nanomaterial in science has brought about a growing increase in nanotechnology, biomedicine, and engineering fields. This study was aimed at fabrication and characterization of conjugated gold-cockle shell-derived calcium carbonate nanoparticles (Au-CSCaCO3NPs) for biomedical application. The synthetic technique employed used gold nanoparticle citrate reduction method and a simple precipitation method coupled with mechanical use of a Programmable roller-ball mill. The synthesized conjugated nanomaterial was characterized for its physicochemical properties using transmission electron microscope (TEM), field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) equipped with energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). However, the intricacy of cellular mechanisms can prove challenging for nanomaterial like Au-CSCaCO3NPs and thus, the need for cytotoxicity assessment. The obtained spherical-shaped nanoparticles (light-green purplish) have an average diameter size of 35 ± 16 nm, high carbon and oxygen composition. The conjugated nanomaterial, also possesses a unique spectra for aragonite polymorph and carboxylic bond significantly supporting interactions between conjugated nanoparticles. The negative surface charge and spectra absorbance highlighted their stability. The resultant spherical shaped conjugated Au-CSCaCO3NPs could be a great nanomaterial for biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanan Karimah Kiranda
- Laboratory of Molecular Biomedicine, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Rozi Mahmud
- Department of Imaging, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Danmaigoro Abubakar
- Department of Veterinary Preclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Zuki Abubakar Zakaria
- Laboratory of Molecular Biomedicine, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Malaysia.
- Department of Veterinary Preclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Malaysia.
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Nayantara, Kaur P. Biosynthesis of nanoparticles using eco-friendly factories and their role in plant pathogenicity: a review. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biori.2018.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Actinomycetes mediated synthesis of gold nanoparticles from the culture supernatant of Streptomyces griseoruber with special reference to catalytic activity. 3 Biotech 2017; 7:299. [PMID: 28884066 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-017-0930-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2016] [Accepted: 08/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Biogenic synthesis of nanoparticles has received a tremendous attention from the past few decades. The significant progress in the field of nanotechnology has resulted in a cost-effective and eco-friendly process for nanoparticle synthesis. In the present study, the extracellular synthesis of gold nanoparticles was carried out using culture supernatant of Streptomyces griseoruber, actinomycetes isolated from the soil. Bioreduction of gold nanoparticles was confirmed by UV-visible spectrophotometer that showed the peak between 520 and 550 nm. The crystalline nature and mean size of the GNPs were confirmed using XRD. FTIR revealed the possible functional group that could be useful in immobilisation and stabilisation of GNPs. Size and distribution of the biosynthesized GNPs were analysed by HR-TEM that showed the formation of GNPs in the range of 5-50 nm. The synthesised GNPs showed good catalytic activity for the degradation of methylene blue. The study shows the rapid and eco-friendly synthesis of GNPs from Streptomyces griseoruber, and this is the first report on the catalytic activity of GNPs from actinomycetes so far.
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