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Gomes SSL, Lopes JML, de Matos EM, Cabral EG, Azevedo ALS, Machado MA, de Campos JMS, Neto LM, Viccini LF. Phenotypic variation seems not to be associated with the genetic profile in Zygopetalum (Orchidaceae): a case study of a high-elevation rocky complex. Mol Biol Rep 2024; 51:582. [PMID: 38678168 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-024-09528-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hybridization associated with polyploidy studies is rare in the tropics. The genus Zygopetalum (Orchidaceae) was investigated here as a case study of Neotropical plants. In the rocky highlands of the Ibitipoca State Park (ISP), southeast Brazil, individuals with intermediate colors and forms between the species Z. maculatum and Z. triste were commonly identified. METHODS AND RESULTS Chromosomal analysis and DNA quantity showed a uniform population. Regardless of the aspects related to the color and shape of floral structures, all individuals showed 2n = 96 chromosomes and an average of 14.05 pg of DNA. Irregularities in meiosis associated with chromosome number and C value suggest the occurrence of polyploidy. The genetic distance estimated using ISSR molecular markers revealed the existence of genetic variability not related to morphological clusters. Morphometric measurements of the flower pieces revealed that Z. maculatum shows higher variation than Z. triste although lacking a defined circumscription. CONCLUSION The observed variation can be explained by the polyploid and phenotypic plasticity resulting from the interaction of the genotypes with the heterogeneous environments observed in this habitat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaiany Sabrina Lopes Gomes
- Biology Department/Genetic and Biotechnology Lab, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, MG, 36036-900, Brazil
| | - Juliana Mainenti Leal Lopes
- Biology Department/Genetic and Biotechnology Lab, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, MG, 36036-900, Brazil
| | - Elyabe Monteiro de Matos
- Biology Department/Genetic and Biotechnology Lab, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, MG, 36036-900, Brazil
| | - Elisa Guimarães Cabral
- Biology Department/Genetic and Biotechnology Lab, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, MG, 36036-900, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Luiz Menini Neto
- Botany Department, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, MG, 36036-900, Brazil
| | - Lyderson Facio Viccini
- Biology Department/Genetic and Biotechnology Lab, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, MG, 36036-900, Brazil.
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Wang X, Gou W, Wang T, Xiong Y, Xiong Y, Yu Q, Dong Z, Ma X, Liu N, Zhao J. Genetic diversity analysis and molecular characteristics of wild centipedegrass using sequence-related amplified polymorphism (SRAP) markers. PeerJ 2023; 11:e15900. [PMID: 37641603 PMCID: PMC10460567 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.15900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Centipedegrass (Eremochloa ophiuroides (Munro) Hack.) is commonly used as a low-maintenance warm-season turfgrass owing to its excellent adaptation to various soil types. A better understanding of the genetic diversity pattern of centipedegrass is essential for the efficient development and utilization of accessions. This study used fifty-five pairs of primers to detect the genetic variation and genetic structure of twenty-three wild centipedegrass accessions by Sequence-related amplified polymorphism (SRAP) markers. A total of 919 reliable bands were amplified, among which 606 (65.80%) were polymorphic and 160 (2.91%) were the monomorphic loci. The average polymorphic information content (PIC) value was 0.228. The unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean (UPGMA) clustering analysis grouped the twenty-three accessions into two clusters. Meanwhile, the structure analysis showed that the tested accessions possessed two main genetic memberships (K = 2). The Mantel test significantly correlated the genetic and geographic distance matrices (r = 0.3854, p = 0.000140). Furthermore, geographical groups showed moderate genetic differentiation, and the highest intragroup genetic diversity was found in the Sichuan group (He = 0.201). Overall, the present research findings could promote the protection and collection of centipedegrass and provide comprehensive information to develop novel breeding strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyun Wang
- College of Grassland Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wenlong Gou
- Sichuan Academy of Grassland Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Ting Wang
- College of Grassland Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yanli Xiong
- College of Grassland Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yi Xiong
- College of Grassland Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qingqing Yu
- College of Grassland Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhixiao Dong
- College of Grassland Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiao Ma
- College of Grassland Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Nanqing Liu
- Jiangsu Vocational College Agriculture and Forestry, Gourong, China
| | - Junming Zhao
- College of Grassland Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
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Guo H, Cui Y, Li Z, Nie C, Xu Y, Hu T. Photosynthesis, Water Status and K +/Na + Homeostasis of Buchoe dactyloides Responding to Salinity. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:2459. [PMID: 37447020 DOI: 10.3390/plants12132459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2023] [Revised: 06/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
Soil salinization is one of the most serious abiotic stresses restricting plant growth. Buffalograss is a C4 perennial turfgrass and forage with an excellent resistance to harsh environments. To clarify the adaptative mechanisms of buffalograss in response to salinity, we investigated the effects of NaCl treatments on photosynthesis, water status and K+/Na+ homeostasis of this species, then analyzed the expression of key genes involved in these processes using the qRT-PCR method. The results showed that NaCl treatments up to 200 mM had no obvious effects on plant growth, photosynthesis and leaf hydrate status, and even substantially stimulated root activity. Furthermore, buffalograss could retain a large amount of Na+ in roots to restrict Na+ overaccumulation in shoots, and increase leaf K+ concentration to maintain a high K+/Na+ ratio under NaCl stresses. After 50 and 200 mM NaCl treatments, the expressions of several genes related to chlorophyll synthesis, photosynthetic electron transport and CO2 assimilation, as well as aquaporin genes (BdPIPs and BdTIPs) were upregulated. Notably, under NaCl treatments, the increased expression of BdSOS1, BdHKT1 and BdNHX1 in roots might have helped Na+ exclusion by root tips, retrieval from xylem sap and accumulation in root cells, respectively; the upregulation of BdHAK5 and BdSKOR in roots likely enhanced K+ uptake and long-distance transport from roots to shoots, respectively. This work finds that buffalograss possesses a strong ability to sustain high photosynthetic capacity, water balance and leaf K+/Na+ homeostasis under salt stress, and lays a foundation for elucidating the molecular mechanism underlying the salt tolerance of buffalograss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Guo
- College of Grassland Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China
| | - Yannong Cui
- College of Grassland Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China
| | - Zhen Li
- College of Grassland Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China
| | - Chunya Nie
- College of Grassland Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China
| | - Yuefei Xu
- College of Grassland Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China
| | - Tianming Hu
- College of Grassland Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China
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Molecular Characterization and Positive Impact of Brassinosteroids and Chitosan on Solidago canadensis cv. Tara Characteristics. HORTICULTURAE 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/horticulturae6040100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Although goldenrod (Solidago canadensis) is considered an invasive plant in many countries, it is a global cut-flower species. In addition, demand for goldenrod has increased significantly in recent years. Thus, the present study aimed to evaluate the response of Solidago canadensis cv. Tara to brassinosteroids (BRs) at levels of 0.10−3, 10−6, and 10−8 M, and chitosan at 0, 100, 150, and 200 mg/L as a foliar application to increase the quality and quantity of production, and its polyphenolic compounds. Moreover, antibacterial activity and genetic polymorphism for both untreated and the optimally treated goldenrod were investigated. The results showed that the highest mean of growth characteristics was found when plants were treated with BRs at 10−8 M, whereas the longer vase life was obtained using 200 mg/L chitosan. Furthermore, higher pigment values, N, P, K, and total phenolic content, antioxidant capacity, chlorogenic acid, and rutin content were detected on plants treated with 200 mg/L chitosan. In addition, foliar application with 200 mg/L chitosan caused higher antibacterial activity among the control and BRs. The optimal treatment of BR at 10−8 M (89%) showed a low genetic similarity, based on sequence-related amplified polymorphism (SRAP) analysis, comparable with the control and 200 mg/L chitosan. BR at 10−8 M and 200 mg/L chitosan showed a significant enhancement of growth parameters. As a result, it can be concluded that goldenrod, as a herb extract, shows significant promise as a natural preservative in pharmaceutical, food, and cosmetic products.
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