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Wang M, Zhang X, Zhang Z, Tong L, Yu S, Liu Y, Yang F. Flavonoid Compounds in Hippophae rhamnoides L. Protect Endothelial Cells from Oxidative Damage Through the PI3K/AKT-eNOS Pathway. Chem Biodivers 2024; 21:e202400300. [PMID: 38430215 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202400300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2024] [Revised: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
Sea buckthorn, a traditional medicinal plant, has been used for several years in China for the prevention and treatment of various diseases, a practice closely associated with its significant antioxidant activity. The aim of this study was to investigate the protective effects of sea buckthorn flavonoids on vascular endothelial cells in an oxidative stress environment. We isolated and extracted active compounds from sea buckthorn and investigated their impact on endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) activity through the PI3K/AKT-eNOS signaling pathway through a combination of network pharmacology and cellular experiments, elucidating the regulatory effects of these compounds on endothelial cell functions. Three flavonoids, named Fr.4-2-1, Fr.4-2-2 and Fr.4-2-3, were obtained from sea buckthorn. The results of network pharmacology indicated that they might exert their effects by regulating the PI3K-AKT signaling pathway. In vitro results showed that all three flavonoids were effective in alleviating the degree of oxidative stress in cells, among which Fr.4-2-1 exerted its antioxidant effects by modulating the PI3K/AKT-eNOS pathway. Flavonoids in sea buckthorn can effectively inhibit oxidative stress-induced cellular damage, preserving the integrity and functionality of endothelial cells, which is crucial for maintaining vascular health and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengyuan Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Qinghai University, Xining, 810001, China
| | - Xingfang Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Qinghai University, Xining, 810001, China
| | - Zonghao Zhang
- College of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Qinghai University, Xining, 810016, China
| | - Li Tong
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Qinghai University, Xining, 810001, China
- Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine for the Prevention and Control of Glycolipid Metabolic Diseases, Xining, 810001, China
| | - Song Yu
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Qinghai University, Xining, 810001, China
| | - Yue Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Qinghai University, Xining, 810001, China
| | - Fang Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Qinghai University, Xining, 810001, China
- Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine for the Prevention and Control of Glycolipid Metabolic Diseases, Xining, 810001, China
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Chen Y, Cai Y, Wang K, Wang Y. Bioactive Compounds in Sea Buckthorn and their Efficacy in Preventing and Treating Metabolic Syndrome. Foods 2023; 12:foods12101985. [PMID: 37238803 DOI: 10.3390/foods12101985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Revised: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Sea buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides L. or Elaeagnus rhamnoides L.) is a plant that has long been used as a Chinese herbal medicine. This species is known to contain numerous bioactive components, including polyphenols, fatty acids, vitamins, and phytosterols, which may be responsible for its medicinal value. In experiments both in vitro and in vivo (ranging from cell lines to animal models and human patients), sea buckthorn has shown positive effects on symptoms of metabolic syndrome; evidence suggests that sea buckthorn treatment can decrease blood lipid content, blood pressure, and blood sugar levels, and regulate key metabolites. This article reviews the main bioactive compounds present in sea buckthorn and discusses their efficacy in treating metabolic syndrome. Specifically, we highlight bioactive compounds isolated from distinct sea buckthorn tissues; their effects on abdominal obesity, hypertension, hyperglycemia, and dyslipidemia; and their potential mechanisms of action in clinical applications. This review provides key insight into the benefits of sea buckthorn, promoting future research of this species and expansion of sea buckthorn-based therapies for metabolic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Chen
- Key Laboratory of Geriatric Nutrition and Health, Ministry of Education, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Yunfei Cai
- Key Laboratory of Geriatric Nutrition and Health, Ministry of Education, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Ke Wang
- Key Laboratory of Geriatric Nutrition and Health, Ministry of Education, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Yousheng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Geriatric Nutrition and Health, Ministry of Education, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
- Rizhao Huawei Institute of Comprehensive Health Industries, Shandong Keepfit Biotech. Co., Ltd., Rizhao 276800, China
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Boro H, Usha T, Babu D, Chandana P, Goyal AK, Ekambaram H, Yusufoglu HS, Das S, Middha SK. Hepatoprotective activity of the ethanolic extract of Morus indica roots from Indian Bodo tribes. SN APPLIED SCIENCES 2022; 4:49. [DOI: https:/doi.org/10.1007/s42452-021-04859-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 09/01/2023] Open
Abstract
AbstractThe roots of Morus species are well described in the Pharmacopoeia of the People's Republic of China (ChP) for its traditional use in treating liver fibrosis due to its hepatoprotective property. However, little is known about the hepatoprotective effect of the roots of Morus indica L. (RoMi), and the pharmacological mechanism(s) are uncertain due to its intricacy. Therefore, this study evaluates the hepatoprotective activity of the ethanolic extract of RoMi (eRoMi) against the CCl4-induced in-vivo animal model at different dosages (100 and 200 mg/kg BW) in comparison with silymarin as a positive control. The hepatoprotective activity of eRoMi was evaluated by measuring the levels of serum biomarkers, hepatic antioxidant enzymes and was verified by histological studies. Interestingly, 1,2-bis(trimethylsilyl) benzene, 1,4-phenylenebis (trimethylsilane), 2,4,6-cycloheptatriene-1-one, 3,5-bis-trimethylsilyl and α-amyrin were the active components found in eRoMi as detected by GC–MS. Oral administration of eRoMi (200 mg/kg BW) to rats significantly protected serum biochemical parameters (increased ALT, AST, LDH, bilirubin and GGT as well as depletion of antioxidant enzymes and hepatic GSH) and elevation in hepatic lipid peroxidation as compared to CCl4-treated rats. The hematological indices such as erythrocytes, hemoglobin, monocytes and lymphocytes were also normal in eRoMi-treated rats. The histopathological evaluation indicated a significant restoration of liver structure as compared to silymarin. This study is the first scientific validation for the traditional use of eRoMi to understand its hepatoprotective activity.
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Boro H, Usha T, Babu D, Chandana P, Goyal AK, Ekambaram H, Yusufoglu HS, Das S, Middha SK. Hepatoprotective activity of the ethanolic extract of Morus indica roots from Indian Bodo tribes. SN APPLIED SCIENCES 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s42452-021-04859-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractThe roots of Morus species are well described in the Pharmacopoeia of the People's Republic of China (ChP) for its traditional use in treating liver fibrosis due to its hepatoprotective property. However, little is known about the hepatoprotective effect of the roots of Morus indica L. (RoMi), and the pharmacological mechanism(s) are uncertain due to its intricacy. Therefore, this study evaluates the hepatoprotective activity of the ethanolic extract of RoMi (eRoMi) against the CCl4-induced in-vivo animal model at different dosages (100 and 200 mg/kg BW) in comparison with silymarin as a positive control. The hepatoprotective activity of eRoMi was evaluated by measuring the levels of serum biomarkers, hepatic antioxidant enzymes and was verified by histological studies. Interestingly, 1,2-bis(trimethylsilyl) benzene, 1,4-phenylenebis (trimethylsilane), 2,4,6-cycloheptatriene-1-one, 3,5-bis-trimethylsilyl and α-amyrin were the active components found in eRoMi as detected by GC–MS. Oral administration of eRoMi (200 mg/kg BW) to rats significantly protected serum biochemical parameters (increased ALT, AST, LDH, bilirubin and GGT as well as depletion of antioxidant enzymes and hepatic GSH) and elevation in hepatic lipid peroxidation as compared to CCl4-treated rats. The hematological indices such as erythrocytes, hemoglobin, monocytes and lymphocytes were also normal in eRoMi-treated rats. The histopathological evaluation indicated a significant restoration of liver structure as compared to silymarin. This study is the first scientific validation for the traditional use of eRoMi to understand its hepatoprotective activity.
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Sharma K, Kesharwani P, Prajapati SK, Jain A, Jain D, Mody N, Sharma S. An Insight into Anticancer Bioactives from Punica granatum (Pomegranate). Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2021; 22:694-702. [PMID: 34315399 DOI: 10.2174/1871520621666210726143553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Revised: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Cancer is one of the major reasons for mortality across the globe. Side effects that are observed with the pharmacological medications present in the market majorly affect the quality of life of patients. This has caused the researchers to find an alternative source of medications such as herbal medicine which has shown a promising effect in anticancer treatment, one such source is Pomegranate, which belongs to the family Punicaceae. Several polyphenols are present in Punica granatum which exhibits properties ranging from antioxidant effect, antidiabetic effect, beneficial impact in treatment, and management of metabolic and cardiovascular disorders to advantageous impact in anticancer treatment. Polyphenols like punicalin, punicalagin, and ellagic acid are a few of the many compounds responsible for the anticancer activity of pomegranate. Many preparations of pomegranate such as Pomegranate Juice (PJ), Pomegranate seed oil (PSO), Pomegranate peel extract (PoPx) etc. are used in various clinical studies. These polyphenols show anticancer activity by either arresting the cell cycle in the G2/M phase, inducing apoptosis, or by damaging the DNA of tumor cells. This review explicitly discusses the role and mechanism of bioactives obtained from the pomegranate in the treatment and management of cancer. The chemical structure, properties and role of pomegranate in the treatment of breast, lung, thyroid, colon, and prostate cancer has been focused in detail. This review also discusses various drug delivery approaches for targeted delivery on tumors as well as patented preparation of pomegranate compounds along with the ongoing clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanika Sharma
- Department of Pharmacy, Ram-Eesh Institute of Vocational and Technical Education, Greater Noida-201301, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Payal Kesharwani
- Department of Pharmacy, Ram-Eesh Institute of Vocational and Technical Education, Greater Noida-201301, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Shiv Kumar Prajapati
- Department of Pharmacy, Ram-Eesh Institute of Vocational and Technical Education, Greater Noida-201301, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ankit Jain
- Department of Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-560012, Karnataka, India
| | - Dolly Jain
- Oriental College of Pharmacy and Research, Oriental University, Indore, India
| | - Nishi Mody
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dr. H. S. Gour University, Sagar (MP) - 470003, India
| | - Swapnil Sharma
- Department of Pharmacy, Banasthali Vidyapith, Banasthali, Rajasthan-304022, India
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Ren Z, Gong H, Zhao A, Zhang J, Yang C, Wang P, Zhang Y. Effect of Sea Buckthorn on Plasma Glucose in Individuals with Impaired Glucose Regulation: A Two-Stage Randomized Crossover Intervention Study. Foods 2021; 10:foods10040804. [PMID: 33917994 PMCID: PMC8068387 DOI: 10.3390/foods10040804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Revised: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Sea buckthorn (SB) has been indicated to have hypoglycemic potential, but its effects on glucose in people with impaired glucose regulation (IGR) are still unclear. This work presents a randomized, double-blinded, two-way crossover study. A total of 38 subjects with IGR completed the intervention of consuming sea buckthorn fruit puree (SBFP, 90 mL/day, five weeks), washing out (four weeks), and then consuming placebo (90 mL/day, five weeks) or in reverse order. In our methodology, a unified questionnaire was used to gather information on physical activity and dietary intakes, and physical examinations were performed to measure blood pressure, height, and weight. Fasting blood samples were collected to detect the fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and glycated serum protein (GSP). To calculate the area under the curve of 2 h postprandial plasma glucose (2 h PG-AUC), blood samples at t = 30, 60, and 120 min were also collected and analyzed. Effects of the intervention were evaluated by paired-sample Wilcoxon test and mixed model analyses. Our results show that the FPG in subjects with IGR decreased by a median reduction of 0.14 mmol/L after five weeks' consumption of SBFP, but increased by a median of 0.07 mmol/L after placebo intervention, and the comparison of these two interventions was statistically significant (p = 0.045). During the wash-out period, a similar difference was observed as the FPG decreased in the group that received SBFP intervention first, but increased in another group (p = 0.043). Both SBFP and placebo significantly raised GSP during the intervention period, but lowered it in the wash-out period (p < 0.05), while no significant difference was found between the two interventions. The 2 h PG-AUC remained relatively stable throughout the study. Our results indicated that consumption of SBFP for five weeks showed a slight downward trend on FPG in subjects with IGR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongxia Ren
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China; (Z.R.); (H.G.); (J.Z.); (C.Y.)
| | - Huiting Gong
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China; (Z.R.); (H.G.); (J.Z.); (C.Y.)
| | - Ai Zhao
- Vanke School of Public Health, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100091, China;
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China; (Z.R.); (H.G.); (J.Z.); (C.Y.)
| | - Chenlu Yang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China; (Z.R.); (H.G.); (J.Z.); (C.Y.)
| | - Peiyu Wang
- Department of Social Science and Health Education, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China;
| | - Yumei Zhang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China; (Z.R.); (H.G.); (J.Z.); (C.Y.)
- Correspondence:
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Yang B, Dong Y, Wang F, Zhang Y. Nanoformulations to Enhance the Bioavailability and Physiological Functions of Polyphenols. Molecules 2020; 25:E4613. [PMID: 33050462 PMCID: PMC7587200 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25204613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Revised: 10/04/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Polyphenols are micronutrients that are widely present in human daily diets. Numerous studies have demonstrated their potential as antioxidants and anti-inflammatory agents, and for cancer prevention, heart protection and the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. However, due to their vulnerability to environmental conditions and low bioavailability, their application in the food and medical fields is greatly limited. Nanoformulations, as excellent drug delivery systems, can overcome these limitations and maximize the pharmacological effects of polyphenols. In this review, we summarize the biological activities of polyphenols, together with systems for their delivery, including phospholipid complexes, lipid-based nanoparticles, protein-based nanoparticles, niosomes, polymers, micelles, emulsions and metal nanoparticles. The application of polyphenol nanoparticles in food and medicine is also discussed. Although loading into nanoparticles solves the main limitation to application of polyphenolic compounds, there are some concerns about their toxicological safety after entry into the human body. It is therefore necessary to conduct toxicity studies and residue analysis on the carrier.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Yu Zhang
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab for the Chemistry and Utilization of Agro-Forest Biomass, Jiangsu Key Lab of Biomass-Based Green Fuels and Chemicals, Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; (B.Y.); (Y.D.); (F.W.)
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