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Ye F, Wang Y, He Q, Wang Z, Ma E, Zhu S, Yu H, Yin H, Zhao X, Li D, Xu H, Li H, Zhu Q. Screening of immune biomarkers in different breeds of chickens infected with J subgroup of avian leukemia virus by proteomic. Virulence 2021; 11:1158-1176. [PMID: 32799626 PMCID: PMC7549955 DOI: 10.1080/21505594.2020.1809323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Avian leucosis (AL) is a disease characterized by tumors and is caused by the avian leukosis virus (ALV). Because of the high variability of viruses and complex pathogenic mechanisms, screening and breeding J subgroup of ALV (ALV-J) resistant avian breeds is one of the strategies for prevention and treatment of AL, thus screening of significant immune markers is needed to promote the development of disease-resistant breeds. In this study, data-independent acquisition (DIA) technology was used to detect the DEPs of three breeds of chicken according to different comparison to investigate the potential markers. Results showed special DEPs for spleen development of each breed were detected, such as PCNT, DDB2, and ZNF62. These DEPs were involved in intestinal immune network used in production of IgA signaling pathways and related to immune response which can be used as potential markers for spleen development in different breeds. The DEPs such as RAB44 and TPN involved in viral myocarditis, transcriptional misregulation in cancer, and tuberculosis can be used as potential markers of spleen immune response after ALV-J infection in chickens. Pair-wise analysis was performed for the three breeds after the infection of ALV-J. The proteins such as RFX1, TAF10, and VH1 were differently expressed between three breeds. These DEPs involved in antigen processing and expression, acute myelogenous leukemia, and viral carcinogenesis can be used as potential immune markers after ALV-J infection of different genetic backgrounds. The screening of potential markers at protein level provides a strong theoretical research basis for disease resistance breeding in poultry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Ye
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University , Sichuan, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Molecular Design and Precise Breeding, Foshan University , Guangdong, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University , Sichuan, China
| | - Qijian He
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University , Sichuan, China
| | - Zhaoshuo Wang
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University , Sichuan, China
| | - Enyue Ma
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University , Sichuan, China
| | - Shiliang Zhu
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University , Sichuan, China
| | - Heling Yu
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University , Sichuan, China
| | - Huadong Yin
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University , Sichuan, China
| | - Xiaoling Zhao
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University , Sichuan, China
| | - Diyan Li
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University , Sichuan, China
| | - Hengyong Xu
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University , Sichuan, China
| | - Hua Li
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University , Sichuan, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Molecular Design and Precise Breeding, Foshan University , Guangdong, China
| | - Qing Zhu
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University , Sichuan, China
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Ye F, Wang Y, He Q, Cui C, Yu H, Lu Y, Zhu S, Xu H, Zhao X, Yin H, Li D, Li H, Zhu Q. Exosomes Transmit Viral Genetic Information and Immune Signals may cause Immunosuppression and Immune Tolerance in ALV-J Infected HD11 cells. Int J Biol Sci 2020; 16:904-920. [PMID: 32140061 PMCID: PMC7053331 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.35839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2019] [Accepted: 12/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Avian leukosis virus (ALV) is oncogenic retrovirus that not only causes immunosuppression but also enhances the host's susceptibility to secondary infection. Exosomes play vital role in the signal transduction cascades that occur in response to viral infection. We want to explore the function of exosomes in the spread of ALV and the body's subsequent immunological response. RNA-sequencing and the isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ) method were used to detect differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) in exosomes secreted by macrophage cells in response to injection with ALV subgroup J (ALV-J). RNA-sequencing identified 513 DEGs in infected cells, with specific differential regulation in mRNA involved in tight junction signaling, TNF signaling, salmonella infection response, and immune response, among other important cellular processes. Differential regulation was observed in 843 lncRNAs, with particular enrichment in those lncRNA targets involved in Rap1 signaling, HTLV-I infection, tight junction signaling, and other signaling pathways. A total of 50 DEPs were identified in the infected cells by iTRAQ. The proteins enriched are involved in immune response, antigen processing, the formation of both MHC protein and myosin complexes, and transport. Combined analysis of the transcriptome and proteome revealed that there were 337 correlations between RNA and protein enrichment, five of which were significant. Pathways that were enriched on both the RNA and protein levels were involved in pathways in cancer, PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, Endocytosis, Epstein-Barr virus infection. These data show that exosomes are transmitters of intercellular signaling in response to viral infection. Exosomes can carry both viral nucleic acids and proteins, making it possible for exosomes to be involved in the viral infection of other cells and the transmission of immune signals between cells. Our sequencing results confirme previous studies on exosomes and further find exosomes may cause immunosuppression and immune tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Ye
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Chengdu, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Molecular Design and Precise Breeding, Foshan University, Foshan, 528231, Guangdong, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Chengdu, China
| | - Qijian He
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Chengdu, China
| | - Can Cui
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Chengdu, China
| | - Heling Yu
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuxiang Lu
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Chengdu, China
| | - Shiliang Zhu
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Chengdu, China
| | - Hengyong Xu
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaoling Zhao
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Chengdu, China
| | - Huadong Yin
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Chengdu, China
| | - Diyan Li
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Chengdu, China
| | - Hua Li
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Chengdu, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Molecular Design and Precise Breeding, Foshan University, Foshan, 528231, Guangdong, China
| | - Qing Zhu
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Chengdu, China
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