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Huang J, Zhang D, Omedi JO, Lei Y, Su X, Wu M, Huang W. Improving the inhibitory resistance of xylanase FgXyn11C from Fusarium graminearum to SyXIP-I by site-directed mutagenesis. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 271:132434. [PMID: 38788879 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.132434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Revised: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to improve the inhibitory resistance of xylanase FgXyn11C from Fusarium graminearum to XIP in cereal flour. Site saturation mutagenesis was performed using computer-aided redesign. Firstly, based on multiple primary structure alignments, the amino acid residues in the active site architecture were identified, and specific residue T144 in the thumb region of FgXyn11C was selected for site-saturation mutagenesis. After screening, FgXyn11CT144F was selected as the best mutant, as it displayed the highest enzymatic activity and resistance simultaneously compared to other mutants. The specific activity of FgXyn11CT144F was 208.8 U/mg and it exhibited complete resistance to SyXIP-I. Compared with the wild-type, FgXyn11CT144F displayed similar activity and the most resistant against SyXIP-I. The optimal temperature and pH of the wild-type and purified FgXyn11CT144F were similar at pH 5.0 and 30 °C. Our findings provided preliminary insight into how the specific residue at position 144 in the thumb region of FgXyn11C influenced the enzymatic properties and interacted with SyXIP-I. The inhibition sensitivity of FgXyn11C was reduced through directed evolution, leading to creation of the mutant enzyme FgXyn11CT144F. The FgXyn11CT144F resistance to SyXIP-I has potential application and can also provide references for engineering other resistant xylanases of the GHF11.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, the Laboratory of Baking and Fermentation Science, Cereals/Sourdough and Ingredient Functionality Research, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Dong Zhang
- School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Jacob Ojobi Omedi
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, the Laboratory of Baking and Fermentation Science, Cereals/Sourdough and Ingredient Functionality Research, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Yuqing Lei
- School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Xiaoya Su
- School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Minchen Wu
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.
| | - Weining Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, the Laboratory of Baking and Fermentation Science, Cereals/Sourdough and Ingredient Functionality Research, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.
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Guo J, Wang Y, Zhang X, Gao W, Cai Z, Hong T, Man Z, Qing Q. Improvement of the Catalytic Activity of Chitosanase BsCsn46A from Bacillus subtilis by Site-Saturation Mutagenesis of Proline121. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2021; 69:11835-11846. [PMID: 34590486 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c04206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BsCsn46A, a GH46 family chitosanase from Bacillus subtilis, has great potential for industrial chitooligosaccharide production due to its high activity and stability. In this study, a special amino acid Pro121 was identified not fit in the helix structure, which was located in the opposite side of the active center in BsCsn46A, by the PoPMuSiC algorithm. Then, saturation mutagenesis was performed to explore the role of the site amino acid 121. Compared with the wild type, the specific activity of P121N, P121C, and P121V was increased by 1.69-, 1.97-, and 2.15-fold, respectively. In particular, the specific activity of P121N was increased without loss of thermostability, indicating that replacing the structural stiffness of proline in the helical structure could significantly improve the chitosanase activity. The Km values of P121N, P121C, and P121V decreased significantly, indicating that the affinity between the enzyme-substrate complex was enhanced. Through molecular docking, it was found that the increase of hydrogen bonds and van der Waals force between the enzyme-substrate complex and the removal of unfavorable bonds might be the main reason for the change of enzyme properties. In addition, the optimal temperature of the three mutants changed from 60 to 55 °C. These results indicate that the site 121 plays a critical role in the catalytic activity and enzymatic properties of chitosanase. To our knowledge, the results provide novel data on chitosanase activity and identify an excellent candidate of industrial chitosanase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Guo
- Advanced Catalysis and Green Manufacturing Collaborative Innovation Center, Changzhou University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213164, China
- Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, School of Pharmaceutical, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, School of Pharmaceutical, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xuan Zhang
- Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, School of Pharmaceutical, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wenjun Gao
- Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, School of Pharmaceutical, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhiqiang Cai
- Advanced Catalysis and Green Manufacturing Collaborative Innovation Center, Changzhou University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213164, China
- Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, School of Pharmaceutical, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, Jiangsu, China
| | - Tingting Hong
- Advanced Catalysis and Green Manufacturing Collaborative Innovation Center, Changzhou University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213164, China
- Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, School of Pharmaceutical, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zaiwei Man
- Advanced Catalysis and Green Manufacturing Collaborative Innovation Center, Changzhou University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213164, China
- School of Petrochemical Engineering, School of food Science and Technology, Changzhou University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213164, China
- Zaozhuang Key Laboratory of Corn Bioengineering, Zaozhuang Science and Technology Collaborative Innovation Center of Enzyme, Shandong Hengren Gongmao Co. Ltd, Zaozhuang 277100, China
| | - Qing Qing
- Advanced Catalysis and Green Manufacturing Collaborative Innovation Center, Changzhou University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213164, China
- Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, School of Pharmaceutical, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, Jiangsu, China
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Virtual Evolution of HVEM Segment for Checkpoint Inhibitor Discovery. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22126638. [PMID: 34205742 PMCID: PMC8234244 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22126638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Revised: 06/06/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Immune therapy has emerged as an effective treatment against cancers. Inspired by the PD-1/PD-L1 antibodies, which have achieved great success in clinical, other immune checkpoint proteins have drawn increasing attention in cancer research. B and T lymphocyte attenuator (BTLA) and herpes virus entry mediator (HVEM) are potential targets for drug development. The co-crystal structure of BTLA/HVEM have revealed that HVEM (26-38) fragment is the core sequence which directly involved on the interface. Herein, we conducted virtual evolution with this sequence by using saturation mutagenesis in silico and mutants with lower binding energy were selected. Wet-lab experiments confirmed that several of them possessed higher affinity with BTLA. Based on the best mutant of the core sequence, extended peptides with better efficacy were obtained. Furthermore, the mechanism of the effects of mutations was revealed by computational analysis. The mutated peptide discovered here can be a potent inhibitor to block BTLA/HVEM interaction and its mechanism may extend people's view on inhibitor discovery for the checkpoint pair.
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