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Leger C, Quirié A, Méloux A, Fontanier E, Chaney R, Basset C, Lemaire S, Garnier P, Prigent-Tessier A. Impact of Exercise Intensity on Cerebral BDNF Levels: Role of FNDC5/Irisin. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1213. [PMID: 38279218 PMCID: PMC10816613 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25021213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 01/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The positive effects of physical exercise (EX) are well known to be mediated by cerebral BDNF (brain-derived neurotrophic factor), a neurotrophin involved in learning and memory, the expression of which could be induced by circulating irisin, a peptide derived from Fibronectin type III domain-containing protein 5 (FNDC5) produced by skeletal muscle contraction. While the influence of EX modalities on cerebral BDNF expression was characterized, their effect on muscle FNDC5/Irisin expression and circulating irisin levels remains to be explored. The present study involved Wistar rats divided into four experimental groups: sedentary (SED), low- (40% of maximal aerobic speed, MAS), intermediate- (50% of MAS) and high- (70% of MAS) intensities of treadmill EX (30 min/day, 7 days). Soleus (SOL) versus gastrocnemius (GAS) FNDC5 and hippocampal BDNF expressions were evaluated by Western blotting. Additionally, muscular FNDC5/Irisin localization and serum/hippocampal irisin levels were studied by immunofluorescence and ELISA, respectively. Our findings revealed that (1) serum irisin and hippocampal BDNF levels vary with EX intensity, showing a threshold intensity at 50% of MAS; (2) hippocampal BDNF levels positively correlate with serum irisin but not with hippocampal FNDC5/Irisin; and (3) GAS, in response to EX intensity, overexpresses FNDC5/Irisin in type II muscle fibers. Altogether, peripheral FNDC5/Irisin levels likely explain EX-dependent hippocampal BDNF expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clémence Leger
- Inserm Unité Mixte de Recherche 1093-Cognition, Action & Plasticité Sensorimotrice, Unité de Formation et de Recherche Sciences de Santé, Université de Bourgogne, F-21000 Dijon, France; (C.L.); (A.Q.); (A.M.); (E.F.); (R.C.); (C.B.); (P.G.)
| | - Aurore Quirié
- Inserm Unité Mixte de Recherche 1093-Cognition, Action & Plasticité Sensorimotrice, Unité de Formation et de Recherche Sciences de Santé, Université de Bourgogne, F-21000 Dijon, France; (C.L.); (A.Q.); (A.M.); (E.F.); (R.C.); (C.B.); (P.G.)
| | - Alexandre Méloux
- Inserm Unité Mixte de Recherche 1093-Cognition, Action & Plasticité Sensorimotrice, Unité de Formation et de Recherche Sciences de Santé, Université de Bourgogne, F-21000 Dijon, France; (C.L.); (A.Q.); (A.M.); (E.F.); (R.C.); (C.B.); (P.G.)
| | - Estelle Fontanier
- Inserm Unité Mixte de Recherche 1093-Cognition, Action & Plasticité Sensorimotrice, Unité de Formation et de Recherche Sciences de Santé, Université de Bourgogne, F-21000 Dijon, France; (C.L.); (A.Q.); (A.M.); (E.F.); (R.C.); (C.B.); (P.G.)
| | - Rémi Chaney
- Inserm Unité Mixte de Recherche 1093-Cognition, Action & Plasticité Sensorimotrice, Unité de Formation et de Recherche Sciences de Santé, Université de Bourgogne, F-21000 Dijon, France; (C.L.); (A.Q.); (A.M.); (E.F.); (R.C.); (C.B.); (P.G.)
| | - Christelle Basset
- Inserm Unité Mixte de Recherche 1093-Cognition, Action & Plasticité Sensorimotrice, Unité de Formation et de Recherche Sciences de Santé, Université de Bourgogne, F-21000 Dijon, France; (C.L.); (A.Q.); (A.M.); (E.F.); (R.C.); (C.B.); (P.G.)
| | - Stéphanie Lemaire
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Dijon, Service de Biochimie Spécialisée, F-21000 Dijon, France;
| | - Philippe Garnier
- Inserm Unité Mixte de Recherche 1093-Cognition, Action & Plasticité Sensorimotrice, Unité de Formation et de Recherche Sciences de Santé, Université de Bourgogne, F-21000 Dijon, France; (C.L.); (A.Q.); (A.M.); (E.F.); (R.C.); (C.B.); (P.G.)
- Département Génie Biologique, Institut Universitaire et Technologique, F-21000 Dijon, France
| | - Anne Prigent-Tessier
- Inserm Unité Mixte de Recherche 1093-Cognition, Action & Plasticité Sensorimotrice, Unité de Formation et de Recherche Sciences de Santé, Université de Bourgogne, F-21000 Dijon, France; (C.L.); (A.Q.); (A.M.); (E.F.); (R.C.); (C.B.); (P.G.)
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Barsky ST, Monks DA. Androgen action on myogenesis throughout the lifespan; comparison with neurogenesis. Front Neuroendocrinol 2023; 71:101101. [PMID: 37669703 DOI: 10.1016/j.yfrne.2023.101101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/02/2023] [Indexed: 09/07/2023]
Abstract
Androgens' pleiotropic actions in promoting sex differences present not only a challenge to providing a comprehensive account of their function, but also an opportunity to gain insights by comparing androgenic actions across organ systems. Although often overlooked by neuroscientists, skeletal muscle is another androgen-responsive organ system which shares with the nervous system properties of electrochemical excitability, behavioral relevance, and remarkable capacity for adaptive plasticity. Here we review androgenic regulation of mitogenic plasticity in skeletal muscle with the goal of identifying areas of interest to those researching androgenic mechanisms mediating sexual differentiation of neurogenesis. We use an organizational-activational framework to relate broad areas of similarity and difference between androgen effects on mitogenesis in muscle and brain throughout the lifespan, from early organogenesis, through pubertal organization, adult activation, and aging. The focus of the review is androgenic regulation of muscle-specific stem cells (satellite cells), which share with neural stem cells essential functions in development, plasticity, and repair, albeit with distinct, muscle-specific features. Also considered are areas of paracrine and endocrine interaction between androgen action on muscle and nervous system, including mediation of neural plasticity of innervating and distal neural populations by muscle-produced trophic factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Tzivia Barsky
- Department of Cell & Systems Biology, Faculty of Arts & Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
| | - Douglas Ashley Monks
- Department of Cell & Systems Biology, Faculty of Arts & Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Psychology, Faculty of Arts & Science, University of Toronto Mississauga, Mississauga, Ontario, Canada.
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