1
|
Ahmed J, Navabshan I, Unnikrishnan S, Radhakrishnan L, Vasagam KPK, Ramalingam K. In Silico and In Vitro Investigation of Phytochemicals Against Shrimp AHPND Syndrome Causing PirA/B Toxins of Vibrio parahaemolyticus. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2023; 195:7176-7196. [PMID: 36988845 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-023-04458-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
Abstract
In Southeast Asia, the penaeid shrimp aquaculture production faces a new pandemic bacterial disease called acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease (AHPND). The highly profitable pacific white shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei, has become a challenging species due to severe lethal infections. Recent research has identified a critical pathogen, Vibrio parahaemolyticus, which caused significant loss in the shrimp industry. The disease pathway involves a virulence plasmid encoding binary protein toxins (PirA/B) that cause cell death. The protein toxins were inherited and conjugatively transferred to other Vibrio species through a post-segregational killing system. In this study, "in silico" (Glide, 2021) analysis identified four phytocompounds as myricetin (Myr), ( +)-taxifolin (TF), (-)-epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), and strychnine (STN) which could be most effective against both the toxins concerning its docking score and affinity. The interactions of complexes and the critical amino acids involved in docking were analyzed using the Discovery Studio (version 2016). Molecular dynamic studies showed lower root mean square deviations (RMSD) and improved stabilization of ( +)-taxifolin (TF) and (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) against both the protein toxins. The antibacterial potential of all four selected compounds had tested against pathogenic strains of V. parahaemolyticus through minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC). The best MBC results were observed at concentrations of 1 mg/mL for EGCG and 1.25 mg/mL for TF. Moreover, the complete reduction of viable cell counts in the in vitro bactericidal activity had recorded after 24 h of incubation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jahangir Ahmed
- School of Life Sciences, B.S. Abdur Rahman Crescent Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Irfan Navabshan
- School of Pharmacy, B.S. Abdur Rahman Crescent Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sneha Unnikrishnan
- School of Life Sciences, B.S. Abdur Rahman Crescent Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Logesh Radhakrishnan
- School of Life Sciences, B.S. Abdur Rahman Crescent Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - K P Kumaraguru Vasagam
- Department of Nutrition, Genetics and Biotechnology, ICAR-Central Institute of Brackishwater Aquaculture, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Karthikeyan Ramalingam
- School of Life Sciences, B.S. Abdur Rahman Crescent Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Bhaskaran R, Ramachandra KSS, Peter R, Gopakumar ST, Gopalan MK, Mozhikulangara RR. Antimicrobial resistance and antagonistic features of bivalve-associated Vibrio parahaemolyticus from the south-west coast of India. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:107681-107692. [PMID: 37740157 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-29924-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/24/2023]
Abstract
Vibrio parahaemolyticus, a potent human and aquatic pathogen, is usually found in estuaries and oceans. Human illness is associated with consuming uncooked/partially cooked contaminated seafood. The study on bivalve-associated V. parahaemolyticus revealed that the post-monsoon season had the highest bacterial abundance (9 ± 1.5 log cfu) compared to the monsoon season (8.03 ± 0.56 log cfu). Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) profiling was performed on 114 V. parahaemolyticus isolates obtained from bivalves. The highest AMR was observed against ampicillin (78%). Chloramphenicol was found to be effective against all the isolates. Multiple antibiotic resistance index values of 0.2 or higher were detected in 18% of the isolates. Molecular analysis of antimicrobial resistant genes (ARGs) revealed the high prevalence (100%) of the TEM-1 gene in the aquatic environment. After plasmid profiling and curing, 41.6% and 100% of the resistant isolates were found to be sensitive to ampicillin and cephalosporins, respectively, indicating the prevalence of plasmid-associated ARGs in the aquatic environment. A study to evaluate the antagonistic properties of Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens against V. parahaemolyticus isolates identified the potential of these bacteria to resist the growth of V. parahaemolyticus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Remya Bhaskaran
- Marine Biotechnology, Fish Nutrition and Health Division (MBFNHD), ICAR-Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Post Box No. 1603, Kochi, Ernakulam North (P.O.), 682 018, India
- Department of Biosciences, Mangalore University, Mangalagangotri - 574 199, Karnataka State, India
| | - Krupesha Sharma Sulumane Ramachandra
- Marine Biotechnology, Fish Nutrition and Health Division (MBFNHD), ICAR-Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Post Box No. 1603, Kochi, Ernakulam North (P.O.), 682 018, India.
| | - Reynold Peter
- Marine Biotechnology, Fish Nutrition and Health Division (MBFNHD), ICAR-Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Post Box No. 1603, Kochi, Ernakulam North (P.O.), 682 018, India
| | - Sumithra Thangalazhy Gopakumar
- Marine Biotechnology, Fish Nutrition and Health Division (MBFNHD), ICAR-Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Post Box No. 1603, Kochi, Ernakulam North (P.O.), 682 018, India
| | - Mini Kalappurakkal Gopalan
- Fishery Resources Assessment, Economics and Extension Division (FRAEED), ICAR-Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Post Box No. 1603, Kochi, Ernakulam North (P.O.), 682 018, India
| | - Rithin Raj Mozhikulangara
- School of Industrial Fisheries, Cochin University of Science and Technology (CUSAT), Lakeside Campus, Kochi, 682 016, India
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Fu C, Fu X, Li F, Li Z, Wang A, Jiang S, Liu C, Wang H. Integrated microRNA-mRNA analysis reveals a possible molecular mechanism of enteritis susceptibility in Litopenaeus vannamei. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2023; 136:108699. [PMID: 36935044 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2023.108699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Enteritis is one of the main diseases affecting Pacific whiteleg shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) in recent years, and it has resulted in huge losses to the aquaculture industry. Prior to this study, the molecular mechanism underlying enteritis in L. vannamei was unclear, and comprehensive multi-omics analysis had not been conducted. In this study, 1209 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified from the hepatopancreas of L. vannamei with and without enteritis. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analysis showed that genes were significantly enriched in immune, metabolic, and endocrine regulatory pathways. Forty-eight significantly different microRNAs (miRNAs) were identified in the miRNA-Seq analysis. Further functional annotation analysis showed that the regulatory pathway of target gene enrichment of differentially expressed miRNAs was consistent with DEGs. Through miRNA-mRNA integration analysis, 47 meaningful miRNA-mRNA pairs were obtained, of which melanogenesis and pancreatic secretion were considered key pathways. Subsequent miRNA-mRNA interaction network analysis revealed that mja-miR-6493-3p, Mja-miR-6494, novel-198, novel-272, novel-261, novel-200, novel-183, novel-184, novel-237, and novel-192 may be key miRNAs involved in the regulation of these two signaling pathways. Finally, the RAS signaling pathway was found to inhibit the translation level of proteins in the hepatopancreas. These results suggest that target gene integration analysis of mRNA-miRNA can reveal the molecular mechanism underlying enteritis in L. vannamei and also provide valuable new insights for resisting enteritis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chunpeng Fu
- Shandong Peninsula Engineering Research Center of Comprehensive Brine Utilization, Weifang University of Science and Technology, Shouguang, 262700, China.
| | - Xiaopeng Fu
- Marine and Fishery Supervision Detachment of Rizhao City, Rizhao, 276800, China
| | - Fajun Li
- Shandong Peninsula Engineering Research Center of Comprehensive Brine Utilization, Weifang University of Science and Technology, Shouguang, 262700, China
| | - Zongzhen Li
- Shandong Peninsula Engineering Research Center of Comprehensive Brine Utilization, Weifang University of Science and Technology, Shouguang, 262700, China
| | - Aili Wang
- Shandong Peninsula Engineering Research Center of Comprehensive Brine Utilization, Weifang University of Science and Technology, Shouguang, 262700, China
| | - ShanShan Jiang
- Shandong Peninsula Engineering Research Center of Comprehensive Brine Utilization, Weifang University of Science and Technology, Shouguang, 262700, China
| | - Chunqiao Liu
- Shandong Peninsula Engineering Research Center of Comprehensive Brine Utilization, Weifang University of Science and Technology, Shouguang, 262700, China
| | - Hui Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Shinde AH, Sonpal V, Maiti P, Haldar S. Evaluation of a synbiotic formulation for water remediation in a shrimp pond. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:65990-66001. [PMID: 37093374 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-27006-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, the use of probiotic bacteria has attracted the interest of the marine shrimp farming industry. However, there are certain limitations pertaining to the practical application of many commercially available probiotics. Here, a thoroughly screened optimal consortium of three indigenous sulfur probiotics was tested for antibiotic susceptibility and was found to be safe, with each culture being sensitive to all the tested antibiotics. Further, de-potash vinasse (DPV), an environmental hazard, was tested for its prebiotic potential, and its 1% (w/v) concentration was found to be effective for long-term viability (> 66 days) of the probiotic cultures and safe for Artemia. The synbiotic formulation was tested first in a lab-scale microcosm setup successfully and subsequently tried on a shrimp farm; it was observed that the product was congruent to the efficiency of a commercial probiotic regarding almost all physicochemical parameters, sulfide, nitrate-N, nitrite-N, phytoplankton sustenance, Pseudomonas count, coliform count, and heterotrophic count. In addition, it was significantly efficient in maintaining pH, reducing ammonia-N and phosphate-P, Vibrio and Aeromonas count, and a net increase in the yield of shrimp biomass by 625 kg, thus proving to be a better alternative than one of the already available remediation methods.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ambika H Shinde
- Analytical and Environmental Science Division & Centralized Instrument Facility, CSIR-Central Salt & Marine Chemicals Research Institute, G.B. Marg, Bhavnagar, 364002, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Vasavdutta Sonpal
- Analytical and Environmental Science Division & Centralized Instrument Facility, CSIR-Central Salt & Marine Chemicals Research Institute, G.B. Marg, Bhavnagar, 364002, India
| | - Pratyush Maiti
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
- Process Design and Engineering Division, CSIR-Central Salt & Marine Chemicals Research Institute, G.B. Marg, Bhavnagar, 364002, India
| | - Soumya Haldar
- Analytical and Environmental Science Division & Centralized Instrument Facility, CSIR-Central Salt & Marine Chemicals Research Institute, G.B. Marg, Bhavnagar, 364002, India.
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Incidence of antibiotic resistance genotypes of Vibrio species recovered from selected freshwaters in Southwest Nigeria. Sci Rep 2022; 12:18912. [PMID: 36344620 PMCID: PMC9640555 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-23479-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Vibrio species are classified as potent hazards because of their tendency to effect serious diseases like cholera and other gastrointestinal ailments in humans, as well as vibriosis in fish. A total of 144 freshwater samples were aseptically collected monthly across four rivers (Asejire, Ona, Dandaru and Erinle rivers) over a 12-month period from which Vibrio spp. were isolated using culture procedures, confirmed by means of biochemical test as well as Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) assay and further characterized for their phenotypic antibiotic susceptibilities and relevant antimicrobial resistant determinants by PCR. Three hundred and fifteen (58%) isolates confirmed across the sampled sites (Asejire = 75, Dandaru = 87, Eleyele = 72, Erinle = 81) showed high resistance against erythromycin-95%, Sulphamethoxazole-94%, rifampicin-92%, doxycycline-82%, tetracycline-75%, amoxicillin-45%, cephalothin-43% and varied susceptibilities to other antibiotics. The multiple antibiotic resistance indices of 97% of the Vibrio isolates were above the 0.2 threshold limit with MAR phenotype pattern E-SUL-RF-TET-DOX (0.38) found to be the most prevalent pattern among the isolates. The distributions of resistance determinant of the tested antibiotics were revealed as follows: sulII 33%, sulI 19% (sulfonamides); blaOXA 27%, ampC 39%, blapse 11% (beta-lactams); tetA 28%, tetE 20%, tet39 8%, (tetracyclines) and strA 39%. aacC2 24%, aphA1 14% (aminoglycosides). Strong positive associations were observed among tetA, sulI, tetE and sulII. This study raises concerns as these selected rivers may contribute to the environmental spread of waterborne diseases and antibiotic resistance genes. Therefore, we recommend environmental context-tailored strategies for monitoring and surveillance of resistance genes so as to safeguard the environment from becoming reservoirs of virulent and infectious Vibrio species.
Collapse
|
6
|
Neetoo H, Reega K, Manoga ZS, Nazurally N, Bhoyroo V, Allam M, Jaufeerally-Fakim Y, Ghoorah AW, Jaumdally W, Hossen AM, Mayghun F, Ismail A, Hosenally M. Prevalence, Genomic Characterization, and Risk Assessment of Human Pathogenic Vibrio Species in Seafood. J Food Prot 2022; 85:1553-1565. [PMID: 35880931 DOI: 10.4315/jfp-22-064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Pathogenic Vibrio species are largely responsible for human diseases associated with consumption of contaminated seafood. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence, population densities, species diversity, and molecular characteristics of pathogenic Vibrio in various seafood commodities and the health risks associated with consumption of these contaminated commodities. Samples of finfish and shellfish (oysters and sea urchins) were collected from various regions and analyzed for Vibrio with the most-probable-number (MPN) technique. Genomic DNA of putative Vibrio isolates was analyzed by whole genome sequencing for taxonomic identification and identification of virulence and antimicrobial resistance genes. The risk of Vibrio-related illnesses due to the consumption of contaminated seafood was assessed with Risk Ranger. Populations of presumptive Vibrio were 2.6 to 4.4 log MPN/g and correlated with season; Vibrio levels were significantly higher (P < 0.05) in the summer. Fifteen Vibrio isolates were identified as Vibrio alginolyticus (five isolates), Vibrio parahaemolyticus (six isolates), Vibrio harveyi (two isolates), and Vibrio diabolicus (two isolates). Two of the six V. parahaemolyticus isolates (ST 2504 and ST 2505) from oysters harbored either the tdh gene for thermostable direct hemolysin or the trh gene for thermostable direct hemolysin-related hemolysin. In addition to virulence genes, the shellfish isolates also harbored genes encoding resistance to multiple antibiotics, including tetracycline, penicillin, quinolone, and β-lactams, thus arousing concern. The risk assessment predicted that an estimated 21 cases of V. parahaemolyticus-associated gastroenteritis could occur in the general population annually due to consumption of contaminated oysters. This study highlights both the wide prevalence and diversity of Vibrio in seafood and the potential for certain strains to threaten public health. HIGHLIGHTS
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hudaa Neetoo
- Department of Agricultural & Food Science, Faculty of Agriculture, United Arab Emirates University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Keshnee Reega
- Department of Agricultural & Food Science, Faculty of Agriculture, United Arab Emirates University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Zishaan Sheik Manoga
- Department of Agricultural & Food Science, Faculty of Agriculture, United Arab Emirates University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Nadeem Nazurally
- Department of Agricultural & Food Science, Faculty of Agriculture, United Arab Emirates University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Vishwakalyan Bhoyroo
- Department of Agricultural & Food Science, Faculty of Agriculture, United Arab Emirates University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Mushal Allam
- College of Medicine & Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Yasmina Jaufeerally-Fakim
- Department of Agricultural & Food Science, Faculty of Agriculture, United Arab Emirates University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Anisah Wahed Ghoorah
- Department of Digital Technologies, Faculty of Information, Communication and Digital Technologies, National Health Laboratory Services, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Wasseem Jaumdally
- Department of Agricultural & Food Science, Faculty of Agriculture, United Arab Emirates University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Aicha Malleck Hossen
- Department of Agricultural & Food Science, Faculty of Agriculture, United Arab Emirates University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Farheen Mayghun
- Department of Agricultural & Food Science, Faculty of Agriculture, United Arab Emirates University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Arshad Ismail
- Sequencing Core Facility, National Institute for Communicable Diseases, National Health Laboratory Services, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Muzzammil Hosenally
- Department of Economics & Statistics, Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, University of Mauritius, Réduit, Mauritius
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Fu C, Li F, Xu C, Wang L, Tian M, Chang Y, Xin Y, Lin R. Transcriptome analysis of the potential molecular mechanism of enteritis in intestine and hepatopancreas of Litopenaeus vannamei. COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY. PART D, GENOMICS & PROTEOMICS 2022; 42:100964. [PMID: 35092874 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbd.2022.100964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Revised: 01/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The prawn, Litopenaeus vannamei (L. vannamei), is the most widely farmed species in the world but the incidence of enteritis in L. vannamei has increased in recent years. However, the pathogenesis of enteritis remains unclear. In this study, high-throughput sequencing was used to analyze the hepatopancreatic and intestinal transcriptome of healthy and enteritis-affected individuals from the same pond. In total, 1209 and 1608 differently-expressed genes (DEGs) were detected in the hepatopancreatic and intestinal transcriptomes, respectively. Significantly changed genes were enriched in the intestinal immune network for IgA Production, Lysosomes, Sphingolipid Metabolism and the Peroxisome Signaling Pathway. Expression of the integrin α4β7 gene was significantly increased in the intestine of L. vannamei with enteritis, while expression of 38 DEGs associated with the lysosome was significantly down-regulated. Furthermore, the expression of sphingolipid metabolism-related enzymes and superoxide dismutase (SOD) genes was also significantly decreased, indicating that abnormal autoimmune function, weak intestinal resistance to external pathogenic microbial invasion, and self-healing ability were important factors associated with enteritis in L. vannamei. In addition, the expression of trypsin and pancreatic lipase was decreased in the hepatopancreas of L. vannamei with enteritis. This study provided new insights into the possible molecular pathogenesis of enteritis in L. vannamei.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chunpeng Fu
- Shandong Peninsula Engineering Research Center of Comprehensive Brine Utilization, Weifang University of Science and Technology, Shouguang 262700, China.
| | - Fajun Li
- Shandong Peninsula Engineering Research Center of Comprehensive Brine Utilization, Weifang University of Science and Technology, Shouguang 262700, China
| | - Chengjiang Xu
- Shandong Peninsula Engineering Research Center of Comprehensive Brine Utilization, Weifang University of Science and Technology, Shouguang 262700, China
| | - Lihua Wang
- Shandong Peninsula Engineering Research Center of Comprehensive Brine Utilization, Weifang University of Science and Technology, Shouguang 262700, China
| | - Mengyu Tian
- Shandong Peninsula Engineering Research Center of Comprehensive Brine Utilization, Weifang University of Science and Technology, Shouguang 262700, China
| | - Yuqing Chang
- Shandong Peninsula Engineering Research Center of Comprehensive Brine Utilization, Weifang University of Science and Technology, Shouguang 262700, China
| | - Yu Xin
- Shandong Peninsula Engineering Research Center of Comprehensive Brine Utilization, Weifang University of Science and Technology, Shouguang 262700, China
| | - Ruiqing Lin
- Shandong Peninsula Engineering Research Center of Comprehensive Brine Utilization, Weifang University of Science and Technology, Shouguang 262700, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Shahrear S, Afroj Zinnia M, Sany MRU, Islam ABMMK. Functional Analysis of Hypothetical Proteins of Vibrio parahaemolyticus Reveals the Presence of Virulence Factors and Growth-Related Enzymes With Therapeutic Potential. Bioinform Biol Insights 2022; 16:11779322221136002. [PMID: 36386863 PMCID: PMC9661560 DOI: 10.1177/11779322221136002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Vibrio parahaemolyticus, an aquatic pathogen, is a major concern in the shrimp aquaculture industry. Several strains of this pathogen are responsible for causing acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease as well as other serious illness, both of which result in severe economic losses. The genome sequence of two pathogenic strains of V. parahaemolyticus, MSR16 and MSR17, isolated from Bangladesh, have been reported to gain a better understanding of their diversity and virulence. However, the prevalence of hypothetical proteins (HPs) makes it challenging to obtain a comprehensive understanding of the pathogenesis of V. parahaemolyticus. The aim of the present study is to provide a functional annotation of the HPs to elucidate their role in pathogenesis employing several in silico tools. The exploration of protein domains and families, similarity searches against proteins with known function, gene ontology enrichment, along with protein-protein interaction analysis of the HPs led to the functional assignment with a high level of confidence for 656 proteins out of a pool of 2631 proteins. The in silico approach used in this study was important for accurately assigning function to HPs and inferring interactions with proteins with previously described functions. The HPs with function predicted were categorized into various groups such as enzymes involved in small-compound biosynthesis pathway, iron binding proteins, antibiotics resistance proteins, and other proteins. Several proteins with potential druggability were identified among them. In addition, the HPs were investigated in search of virulent factors, which led to the identification of proteins that have the potential to be exploited as vaccine candidate. The findings of the study will be effective in gaining a better understanding of the molecular mechanisms of bacterial pathogenesis. They may also provide an insight into the process of evaluating promising targets for the development of drugs and vaccines against V. parahaemolyticus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sazzad Shahrear
- Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | | | - Md. Rabi Us Sany
- Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Increased incidence and antimicrobial resistance among Vibrio parahaemolyticus in shellfishes from major fish markets in Cochin, South India: Seafood risk assessment. ANNALS OF ANIMAL SCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.2478/aoas-2021-0077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
India remains as a top supplier of value-added seafoods to the global markets. Cochin is one of the leading fishing ports in India contributing to country’s major seafood export. As part of risk assessment, we analyzed the prevalence of multi-drug resistant Vibrio parahaemolyticus; seafood borne gastroenteritis-causing pathogen, in shellfishes collected from major fish markets in Cochin. This bacterial species was initially isolated on Thiosulfate-citrate-bile salts-sucrose agar and HiCrome™ Vibrio agar, further confirmed by detection of V. parahaemolyticus species-specific toxR gene and by 16S r RNA sequencing. A total of 113 confirmed V. parahaemolyticus were recovered. Almost all the strains exhibited resistance towards three or more antibiotics (multiple-drug resistant) and harbored virulence related exoenzymes especially hemolysin (Kanagawa phenomenon); which is indeed a matter of concern. The multiple antibiotic resistance (MAR) index of the isolates ranged from 0.21 to 0.57. Furthermore, our results also indicate a substantial increase in the incidence of the pathogen in seafood from the area compared to previous years. This may pose a risk to the local and international consumers of the seafood. Practicing complete hygiene and adequate cooking is strongly recommended. Regular monitoring of aquaculture areas and fish markets is urged to reduce dissemination of pathogenic V. parahaemolyticus in seafood and to prevent fatal cases of human infection induced by this species in the country.
Collapse
|
10
|
Insights from label free-based proteomic analysis into inhibitory effects ε-Poly-lysine against Vibrio parahaemolyticus. Microb Pathog 2021; 160:105169. [PMID: 34509528 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2021.105169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2021] [Revised: 08/28/2021] [Accepted: 08/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Vibrio parahaemolyticus is one of the most common pathogenic bacteria that pose a threat to human health. The purpose of this study was to investigate antibacterial mechanisms of ε-poly-lysine (ε-PL) against V. parahaemolyticus using a lable free-based proteomic analysis. The differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) were subjected to bioinformatics analysis. The results indicated that a total of 196 DEPs, including 118 up-regulated and 78 down-regulated, were identified in the ε-PL-treated cells compared with control group. Upon Go functional enrichment, 13, 9, and 8 specific Go terms in biological processes, molecular functions and cellular components were identified, respectively. KEGG pathways analysis indicated that the DEPs were mainly involved in bacterial chemotaxis, RNA transport and two-component system, which were significantly enriched (P < 0.05). In PPI analysis, Che R and Che V, both involved in bacterial chemotaxis and RNA transport pathways, are closely related to other DEPs. Therefore, the down-regulation of Che R and Che V in ε-PL-treated cells resulted in the reduction or even loss of bacterial adaptability, and they were the critical action sites of ε-PL to inactivate V. parahaemolyticus.
Collapse
|
11
|
Jeamsripong S, Khant W, Chuanchuen R. Distribution of phenotypic and genotypic antimicrobial resistance and virulence genes in Vibrio parahaemolyticus isolated from cultivated oysters and estuarine water. FEMS Microbiol Ecol 2021; 96:5828078. [PMID: 32358958 DOI: 10.1093/femsec/fiaa081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 05/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
A total of 594 Vibrio parahaemolyticus isolates from cultivated oysters (n = 361) and estuarine water (n = 233) were examined for antimicrobial resistance (AMR) phenotype and genotype and virulence genes. Four hundred forty isolates (74.1%) exhibited resistance to at least one antimicrobial agent and 13.5% of the isolates were multidrug-resistant strains. Most of the V. parahaemolyticus isolates were resistant to erythromycin (54.2%), followed by sulfamethoxazole (34.7%) and trimethoprim (27.9%). The most common resistance genes were qnr (77.8%), strB (27.4%) and tet(A) (22.1%), whereas blaTEM (0.8%) was rarely found. Four isolates (0.7%) from oysters (n = 2) and estuarine water (n = 2) were positive to tdh, whereas no trh-positive isolates were observed. Significantly positive associations among AMR genes were observed. The SXT elements and class 1, 2 and 3 integrons were absent in all isolates. The results indicated that V. parahaemolyticus isolates from oysters and estuarine water were potential reservoirs of resistance determinants in the environment. This increasing threat of resistant bacteria in the environment potentially affects human health. A 'One Health' approach involved in multidisciplinary collaborations must be implemented to effectively manage antimicrobial resistance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Saharuetai Jeamsripong
- Research Unit in Microbial Food Safety and Antimicrobial Resistance, Department of Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, 39 Henry Dunant Road, Pathumwan, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Winn Khant
- Research Unit in Microbial Food Safety and Antimicrobial Resistance, Department of Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, 39 Henry Dunant Road, Pathumwan, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Rungtip Chuanchuen
- Research Unit in Microbial Food Safety and Antimicrobial Resistance, Department of Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, 39 Henry Dunant Road, Pathumwan, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Narayanan SV, Joseph TC, Peeralil S, Koombankallil R, Vaiyapuri M, Mothadaka MP, Lalitha KV. Tropical shrimp aquaculture farms harbour pathogenic Vibrio parahaemolyticus with high genetic diversity and Carbapenam resistance. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2020; 160:111551. [PMID: 32810670 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2020.111551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Revised: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In characterization of food borne pathogens from the environment, assessment of virulence, genetic diversity and AMR are essential preludes to formulate preventive strategies and to combat the spread. This study aimed to identify and characterize pathogenic Vibrio parahaemolyticus in the coastal aquaculture farms of Kerala, India. Twenty-seven β-haemolytic V. parahaemolyticus were isolated from 7 out of 40 farms studied. Among the 27 isolates, 15 possessed the tdh gene and 4 had trh. ERIC PCR and PFGE illustrated the presence of pathogenic isolates that shared genetic similarity with clinical strains. One pathogenic isolate was identified to be multidrug resistant (MDR) and 59% exhibited a MAR index of 0.2 or above. Seventy four percent of the pathogenic isolates were ESBL producers and 3.7% of them were carbapenemase producers phenotypically. This asks for adoption of control measures during farming to prevent the transmission of pathogenic V. parahaemolyticus to the environment and food chain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sreejith V Narayanan
- Microbiology Fermentation and Biotechnology Division, ICAR-Central Institute of Fisheries Technology, Willingdon Island, Cochin 682029, Kerala, India; Cochin University of Science and Technology, Kalamassery, Cochin 682022, Kerala, India.
| | - Toms C Joseph
- Microbiology Fermentation and Biotechnology Division, ICAR-Central Institute of Fisheries Technology, Willingdon Island, Cochin 682029, Kerala, India
| | - Shaheer Peeralil
- Microbiology Fermentation and Biotechnology Division, ICAR-Central Institute of Fisheries Technology, Willingdon Island, Cochin 682029, Kerala, India
| | - Reshmi Koombankallil
- Microbiology Fermentation and Biotechnology Division, ICAR-Central Institute of Fisheries Technology, Willingdon Island, Cochin 682029, Kerala, India
| | - Murugadas Vaiyapuri
- Microbiology Fermentation and Biotechnology Division, ICAR-Central Institute of Fisheries Technology, Willingdon Island, Cochin 682029, Kerala, India
| | - Mukteswar P Mothadaka
- Microbiology Fermentation and Biotechnology Division, ICAR-Central Institute of Fisheries Technology, Willingdon Island, Cochin 682029, Kerala, India
| | - Kuttanapilly V Lalitha
- Microbiology Fermentation and Biotechnology Division, ICAR-Central Institute of Fisheries Technology, Willingdon Island, Cochin 682029, Kerala, India
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Hu Y, Li F, Zheng Y, Zeng Z, Zhang G, Zhang D, Jiao X, Guo L. Prevalence and population analysis of
Vibrio parahaemolyticus
in retail aquatic products from the southern Fujian coast, China. J Food Saf 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/jfs.12842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuanqing Hu
- School of Biological Science and Biotechnology, Minnan Normal University Zhangzhou China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Yangzhou University Yangzhou China
- Key Laboratory of Marine Biogenetic Resources, Third Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration Xiamen China
| | - Fengxia Li
- School of Biological Science and Biotechnology, Minnan Normal University Zhangzhou China
| | - Ying Zheng
- School of Biological Science and Biotechnology, Minnan Normal University Zhangzhou China
| | - Zhichao Zeng
- School of Biological Science and Biotechnology, Minnan Normal University Zhangzhou China
| | - Guoguang Zhang
- School of Biological Science and Biotechnology, Minnan Normal University Zhangzhou China
| | - Danfeng Zhang
- School of Biological Science and Biotechnology, Minnan Normal University Zhangzhou China
| | - Xinan Jiao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Yangzhou University Yangzhou China
| | - Liqing Guo
- Zhangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention Zhangzhou Health Committee Zhangzhou China
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Hu Y, Li F, Zheng Y, Jiao X, Guo L. Isolation, Molecular Characterization and Antibiotic Susceptibility Pattern of Vibrio parahaemolyticus from Aquatic Products in the Southern Fujian Coast, China. J Microbiol Biotechnol 2020; 30:856-867. [PMID: 32160689 PMCID: PMC9728269 DOI: 10.4014/jmb.2001.01005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Vibrio parahaemolyticus is a major gastroenteritis-causing pathogen in many Asian countries. Antimicrobial resistance in V. parahaemolyticus has been recognized as a critical threat to food safety. In this study, we determined the prevalence and incidence of antimicrobial resistance in V. parahaemolyticus in the southern Fujian coast, China. A total of 62 isolates were confirmed in retail aquatic products from June to October of 2018. The serotype O3:K6 strains, the virulence genes tdh and trh, antibiotic susceptibility and molecular typing were investigated. Then plasmid profiling analysis and curing experiment were performed for multidrug-resistant strains. The results showed that the total occurrence of V. parahaemolyticus was 31% out of 200 samples. Five strains (8.1%) out of 62 isolates were identified as the V. parahaemolyticus O3:K6 pandemic clone. A large majority of isolates exhibited higher resistance to penicillin (77.4%), oxacillin (71%), ampicillin (66.1%) and vancomycin (59.7%). Seventy-one percent (44/62) of the isolates exhibited multiple antimicrobial resistance. All 62 isolates were grouped into 7 clusters by randomly amplified polymorphic DNA, and most of the isolates (80.6%) were distributed within cluster A. Plasmids were detected in approximately 75% of the isolates, and seven different profiles were observed. Seventy-six percent (25/33) of the isolates carrying the plasmids were eliminated by 0.006% SDS incubated at 42°C, a sublethal condition. The occurrence of multidrug-resistant strains could be an indication of the excessive use of antibiotics in aquaculture farming. The rational use of antimicrobial agents and the surveillance of antibiotic administration may reduce the acquisition of resistance by microorganisms in aquatic ecosystems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuanqing Hu
- School of Biological Science and Biotechnology, Minnan Normal University, Zhangzhou 363000, P.R. China,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 5000, P.R. China,Corresponding author Phone: +86-596-2528735 Fax: +86-596-2528735 E-mail:
| | - Fengxia Li
- School of Biological Science and Biotechnology, Minnan Normal University, Zhangzhou 363000, P.R. China
| | - Yixian Zheng
- School of Biological Science and Biotechnology, Minnan Normal University, Zhangzhou 363000, P.R. China
| | - Xinan Jiao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 5000, P.R. China
| | - Liqing Guo
- Zhangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Zhangzhou 6000, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Jiang H, Yu T, Yang Y, Yu S, Wu J, Lin R, Li Y, Fang J, Zhu C. Co-occurrence of Antibiotic and Heavy Metal Resistance and Sequence Type Diversity of Vibrio parahaemolyticus Isolated From Penaeus vannamei at Freshwater Farms, Seawater Farms, and Markets in Zhejiang Province, China. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:1294. [PMID: 32676056 PMCID: PMC7333440 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.01294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Vibrio parahaemolyticus is the leading cause of seafood-borne bacterial poisoning in China and is a threat to human health worldwide. The aim of this study was to assess the antibiotic resistance profiles and distribution of heavy metal resistance of V. parahaemolyticus isolates from Penaeus vannamei from freshwater farms, seawater farms, and their corresponding markets in Zhejiang, China and to assess the relationship between multidrug resistance (MDR) and multi-heavy metal resistance (MHMR). Of the 360 P. vannamei samples that we tested, 90 (25.00%) were V. parahaemolyticus positive, but the occurrence of pathogenic isolates carrying the toxin genes tdh (4.44%) and trh (3.33%) was low. None of the tested isolates harbored both the tdh and trh genes. However, antibiotic resistance profiles varied among different sampling locations, levels of resistance to the antibiotics ampicillin (76.67%) and streptomycin (74.44%) were high overall, and MDR isolates were common (40.00% of all isolates). Heavy metal resistance patterns were similar among the different sampling locations. Overall, the majority of V. parahaemolyticus isolates displayed tolerance to Cd2+ (60.00%), and fewer were resistant to Cu2+ (40.00%), Zn2+ (38.89%), Ni2+ (24.44%), Cr3+ (14.44%), and Co2+ (8.89%). In addition, 34.44% (31/90) of isolates tested in this study were found to be MHMR. Using Pearson's correlation analysis, MDR and MHMR were found to be positively correlated (P = 0.004; R = 0.759). The 18 V. parahaemolyticus isolates that were both MDR and MHMR represented 18 sequence types, of which 12 were novel to the PubMLST database, and displayed a high level of genetic diversity, suggesting that dissemination may be affected by mobile genetic elements via horizontal gene transfer. However, a low percentage of class 1 integrons without gene cassettes and no class 2 or 3 integrons were detected in the 18 MDR and MHMR isolates or in the 90 V. parahaemolyticus isolates overall. Thus, we suggest that future research focus on elucidating the mechanisms that lead to a high prevalence of resistance determinants in V. parahaemolyticus. The results of this study provide data that will support aquatic animal health management and food safety risk assessments in the aquaculture industry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Han Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Food Quality and Hazard Controlling Technology of Zhejiang Province, College of Life Sciences, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ting Yu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Food Quality and Hazard Controlling Technology of Zhejiang Province, College of Life Sciences, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yuting Yang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Food Quality and Hazard Controlling Technology of Zhejiang Province, College of Life Sciences, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shengtao Yu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Food Quality and Hazard Controlling Technology of Zhejiang Province, College of Life Sciences, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiangchun Wu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Food Quality and Hazard Controlling Technology of Zhejiang Province, College of Life Sciences, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Rumeng Lin
- Key Laboratory of Marine Food Quality and Hazard Controlling Technology of Zhejiang Province, College of Life Sciences, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yixian Li
- Key Laboratory of Marine Food Quality and Hazard Controlling Technology of Zhejiang Province, College of Life Sciences, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiehong Fang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Food Quality and Hazard Controlling Technology of Zhejiang Province, College of Life Sciences, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Cheng Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Food Quality and Hazard Controlling Technology of Zhejiang Province, College of Life Sciences, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Narayanan SV, Joseph TC, Peeralil S, Mothadaka MP, Lalitha KV. Prevalence, Virulence Characterization, AMR Pattern and Genetic Relatedness of Vibrio parahaemolyticus Isolates From Retail Seafood of Kerala, India. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:592. [PMID: 32318050 PMCID: PMC7154082 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.00592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2020] [Accepted: 03/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Vibrio parahaemolyticus, a halophilic bacterium often found in the marine or estuarine environment is a well-known enteropathogen responsible for foodborne outbreaks associated with seafood. The pathogenic strains of V. parahaemolyticus are marked by the presence of thermostable direct hemoylsin (tdh) and/or TDH related hemolysin (trh) genes. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and characteristics of potentially pathogenic V. parahaemolyticus in selected retail markets of Cochin, Kerala, along the south-western coast of the Indian subcontinent. One hundred samples collected from 10 retail markets were analyzed for the presence of pathogenic isolates of V. parahaemolyticus. Out of the 721 presumptive isolates, 648 were confirmed to be V. parahaemolyticus by toxR gene amplification, among which 29 were Kanagawa phenomenon (KP) positive. Among these potentially pathogenic isolates, 17 possessed the tdh gene whereas none of them had the trh gene. The faint amplification bands produced during the amplification of tdh gene from two isolates was confirmed by sequencing. Multiplex O serotyping identified O1 serotype as the most prevalent serotype among the 29 potentially pathogenic isolates. Further, studies on the pandemic nature of these isolates revealed that 14 of the 29 were positive for the PGS-PCR, whereas all the isolates were negative for GS-PCR and HU-α PCR. The antibiogram of the isolates revealed that three isolates had significant Multiple Antibiotic Resistance (MAR) index of 0.2 or above. Pathogenic isolates resistant to second, third and fourth generation Cephalosporins were found to be present in the seafood studied. The molecular fingerprinting studies using ERIC-PCR, and PFGE revealed that three of these isolates shared close genetic similarities with the clinical strains. The environmental and seafood isolates that produced faint amplification bands during the amplification of tdh gene suggests that the tdh gene often goes undetected in environmental isolates. The conventional methods used to identify the pathogenic V. parahaemolyticus would be good for clinical isolates, but a more elaborate method is recommended for the detection of tdh gene in environmental isolates. This is the first comprehensive study on pathogenic V. parahaemolyticus in Kerala, India and demonstrates for the first time, the isolation of potentially pathogenic V. parahaemolyticus, carrying tdh gene from seafood collected from retail markets in Kerala.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sreejith V Narayanan
- Microbiology Fermentation and Biotechnology Division, ICAR-Central Institute of Fisheries Technology, Kochi, India.,Cochin University of Science and Technology, Kochi, India
| | - Toms C Joseph
- Microbiology Fermentation and Biotechnology Division, ICAR-Central Institute of Fisheries Technology, Kochi, India
| | - Shaheer Peeralil
- Microbiology Fermentation and Biotechnology Division, ICAR-Central Institute of Fisheries Technology, Kochi, India
| | - Mukteswar P Mothadaka
- Microbiology Fermentation and Biotechnology Division, ICAR-Central Institute of Fisheries Technology, Kochi, India
| | - Kuttanappilly V Lalitha
- Microbiology Fermentation and Biotechnology Division, ICAR-Central Institute of Fisheries Technology, Kochi, India
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Abstract
Abstract
Purpose
The aquaculture sector is a major contributor to the economic and nutritional security for a number of countries. India’s total seafood exports for the year 2017–2018 accounted for US$ Million 7082. One of the major setbacks in this sector is the frequent outbreaks of diseases often due to bacterial pathogens. Vibriosis is one of the major diseases caused by bacteria of Vibrio spp., causing significant economic loss to the aquaculture sector. The objective of this study was to understand the genetic composition of Vibrio spp.
Methods
Thirty-five complete genomes were downloaded from GenBank comprising seven vibrio species, namely, Vibrio alginolyticus, V. anguillarum, V. campbellii, V. harveyi, V. furnissii, V. parahaemolyticus, and V. vulnificus. Pan-genome analysis was carried out with coding sequences (CDS) generated from all the Vibrio genomes. In addition, genomes were mined for genes coding for toxin-antitoxin systems, antibiotic resistance, genomic islands, and virulence factors.
Results
Results revealed an open pan-genome comprising of 2004 core, 8249 accessory, and 6780 unique genes. Downstream analysis of genomes and the identified unique genes resulted in 312 antibiotic resistance genes, 430 genes coding for toxin and antitoxin systems along with 4802, and 4825 putative virulent genes from genomic island regions and unique gene sets, respectively.
Conclusion
Pan-genome and other downstream analytical procedures followed in this study have the potential to predict strain-specific genes and their association with habitat and pathogenicity.
Collapse
|
18
|
The Use of Selected Bacteria and Yeasts to Control Vibrio spp. in Live Food. Antibiotics (Basel) 2019; 8:antibiotics8030095. [PMID: 31323873 PMCID: PMC6784084 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics8030095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2019] [Revised: 07/11/2019] [Accepted: 07/13/2019] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Vibrio species are a significant causative of mass mortality in mariculture worldwide, which can quickly accumulate in live food and transmit into the larval gut. With restrictions on the use of antibiotics in aquaculture, finding a proper solution to reduce the risk of Vibriosis is vital. This study aimed to evaluate the susceptibility of Vibrio harveyi, V. campbellii, V. anguillarum, and V. parahaemolyticus to twenty-six bacterial and yeast strains and use the beneficial ones to enrich live food (Branchiopod, Artemia franciscana, rotifer, Brachionus plicatilis and copepod, Tigriopus japonicus). Thus, a modified disk diffusion method was applied. After a susceptibility assay, the bacteria and yeast beneficial in suppressing the Vibrio species were labeled by fluorescent stain and used to measure the accumulation potential in different live foods. Also, the beneficial bacteria and yeast were used to enrich live foods, and then the count of loaded Vibrio was estimated after 5, 10, 15, and 20 hours by the serial dilution method. From the total bacteria and yeast strains that were used, Candida parapsilosis, Pseudoalteromonas flavipulchra, Lactobacillus sakei, Bacillus natto, and B. amyloliquefaciens inhibited all four Vibrio species. The results of microbial labeling showed that L. sakei in Artemia, C. parapsilosis in rotifers, and V. harveyi in copepods had the highest accumulation rate. The results of the estimation of loaded Vibrio in different live foods also showed that the use of beneficial bacteria and yeast each significantly reduced the count of Vibrio. Application of bacteria and yeast to suppress pathogenic Vibrio maybe a sustainable method for preventing this pathogen from harmfully invading aquaculture and may also aid in reducing the chances of antibiotic resistance in pathogenic Vibrio.
Collapse
|
19
|
Anupama KP, Chakraborty A, Karunasagar I, Karunasagar I, Maiti B. Loop-mediated isothermal amplification assay as a point-of-care diagnostic tool for Vibrio parahaemolyticus: recent developments and improvements. Expert Rev Mol Diagn 2019; 19:229-239. [PMID: 30657706 DOI: 10.1080/14737159.2019.1571913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION A number of DNA-based diagnostic tools have been developed for the detection of Vibrio parahaemolyticus in seafood. However, the loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) has distinct advantages with regards to its simplicity, speed and the ease of performing without any need for sophisticated equipment. Over the last decade, LAMP has emerged as a potential tool for the detection of V. parahaemolyticus. Area covered: The literature search was restricted to LAMP assay and its variants for the detection of V. parahaemolyticus. The focus in this review is to enlist the various techniques that have been developed using the principle of the LAMP towards improved simplicity, sensitivity and specificity of the assay. Expert commentary: LAMP assay and its variants are significantly faster and require minimum accessories compared to other DNA based molecular techniques such as PCR and their types. Despite the availability of several versions, LAMP-based diagnostics is not the first choice for the detection of V. parahaemolyticus in the seafood sector. Our recommendation would be to explore the possibilities of developing cost-effective LAMP kits and implementing these kits as point-of-care diagnostic tools for rapid and sensitive detection of pathogenic V. parahaemolyticus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karanth Padyana Anupama
- a Division of Infectious Diseases , Nitte University Centre for Science Education and Research , Mangaluru , India
| | - Anirban Chakraborty
- b Division of Molecular Genetics and Cancer , Nitte University Centre for Science Education and Research , Mangaluru , India
| | - Iddya Karunasagar
- c NITTE (Deemed to be University), University Enclave , Mangaluru, Medical Sciences Complex , India
| | - Indrani Karunasagar
- a Division of Infectious Diseases , Nitte University Centre for Science Education and Research , Mangaluru , India.,c NITTE (Deemed to be University), University Enclave , Mangaluru, Medical Sciences Complex , India
| | - Biswajit Maiti
- a Division of Infectious Diseases , Nitte University Centre for Science Education and Research , Mangaluru , India
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Functional Characterization of a New Cold-Adapted β-Galactosidase from an Arctic Fjord Sediment Bacteria Enterobacter ludwigii MCC 3423. Catal Letters 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s10562-018-2504-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
|
21
|
Rapid Detection of Vibrio parahaemolyticus in Shellfish by Real-Time Recombinase Polymerase Amplification. FOOD ANAL METHOD 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s12161-018-1188-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
|
22
|
Ghenem L, Elhadi N. Isolation, molecular characterization, and antibiotic resistance patterns of Vibrio parahaemolyticus isolated from coastal water in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia. JOURNAL OF WATER AND HEALTH 2018; 16:57-69. [PMID: 29424719 DOI: 10.2166/wh.2017.361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Vibrio parahaemolyticus is a Gram-negative halophilic marine microbe that causes gastroenteritis, wound infections, and septicemia in humans. Since the emergence of the pandemic clone O3:K6, V. parahaemolyticus has become a globally well-known pathogen. In this study, 375 seawater samples collected from the Eastern coast of Saudi Arabia were tested for the presence of V. parahaemolyticus. Three hundred and forty samples were determined positive for V. parahaemolyticus using traditional microbiological techniques. The genes toxR and tlh were detected via polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in 41 isolates from 23 samples (6%). Thermostable direct hemolysin (tdh) and thermostable direct hemolysin-related hemolysin (tdh) are the most common virulence genes associated with V. parahaemolyticus. As such, four isolates were tdh+ (1%) and another four were trh+ (1%). No evidence of pandemic clones was detected using group-specific PCR (GS-PCR). Samples were tested for antibiotic susceptibility against 28 agents. The vast majority of samples exhibited high resistance to carbenicillin (98%), ampicillin (88%), and cephalothin (76%). The multiple antibiotics resistance index was >0.2 for 35% of the isolates. The results of this study confirm the presence of V. parahaemolyticus in the Eastern coast of Saudi Arabia. This is the first report of tdh+ and trh+ isolates from this area.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lubna Ghenem
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 2435, Dammam 31441, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia E-mail:
| | - Nasreldin Elhadi
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 2435, Dammam 31441, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Comparative Evaluation of EMB Agar and Hicrome E. coli Agar for Differentiation of Green Metallic Sheen Producing Non E. coli and Typical E. coli Colonies from Food and Environmental Samples. JOURNAL OF PURE AND APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY 2016. [DOI: 10.22207/jpam.10.4.48] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
|
24
|
Chen RZ, Wong MH. Integrated wetlands for food production. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2016; 148:429-442. [PMID: 27131797 PMCID: PMC7094668 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2016.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2015] [Revised: 12/24/2015] [Accepted: 01/04/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The widespread use of compound pelleted feeds and chemical fertilizers in modern food production contribute to a vast amount of residual nutrients into the production system and adjacent ecosystem are major factors causing eutrophication. Furthermore, the extensive development and application of chemical compounds (such as chemical pesticides, disinfectants and hormones used in enhancing productivity) in food production process are hazardous to the ecosystems, as well as human health. These unsustainable food production patterns cannot sustain human living in the long run. Wetlands are perceived as self-decontamination ecosystems with high productivities. This review gives an overview about wetlands which are being integrated with food production processes, focusing on aquaculture.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ray Zhuangrui Chen
- Consortium on Health, Environment, Education and Research (CHEER), and Department of Science and Environmental Studies, The Hong Kong Institute of Education, Tai Po, Hong Kong, PR China
| | - Ming-Hung Wong
- Consortium on Health, Environment, Education and Research (CHEER), and Department of Science and Environmental Studies, The Hong Kong Institute of Education, Tai Po, Hong Kong, PR China; Key Laboratory for Heavy Metal Pollution Control and Reutilization, School of Environment and Energy, Peking University- Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, China; School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Alikkunju AP, Sainjan N, Silvester R, Joseph A, Rahiman M, Antony AC, Kumaran RC, Hatha M. Screening and Characterization of Cold-Active β-Galactosidase Producing Psychrotrophic Enterobacter ludwigii from the Sediments of Arctic Fjord. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2016; 180:477-490. [PMID: 27188973 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-016-2111-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2015] [Accepted: 05/02/2016] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Low-temperature-tolerant microorganisms and their cold-active enzymes could be an innovative and invaluable tool in various industrial applications. In the present study, bacterial isolates from the sediment samples of Kongsfjord, Norwegian Arctic, were screened for β-galactosidase production. Among the isolates, KS25, KS85, KS60, and KS92 have shown good potential in β-galactosidase production at 20 °C. 16SrRNA gene sequence analysis revealed the relatedness of the isolates to Enterobacter ludwigii. The optimum growth temperature of the isolate was 25 °C. The isolate exhibited good growth and enzyme production at a temperature range of 15-35 °C, pH 5-10. The isolate preferred yeast extract and lactose for the maximum growth and enzyme production at conditions of pH 7.0, temperature of 25 °C, and agitation speed of 100 rpm. The growth and enzyme production was stimulated by Mn2+ and Mg2+ and strongly inhibited by Zn2+, Ni2+, and Cu+. β-Galactosidases with high specific activity at low temperatures are very beneficial in food industry to compensate the nutritional problem associated with lactose intolerance. The isolate exhibited a remarkable capability to utilize clarified whey, an industrial pollutant, for good biomass and enzyme yield and hence could be well employed in whey bioremediation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aneesa P Alikkunju
- Department of Marine Biology, Microbiology and Biochemistry, Cochin University of Science and Technology, Lakeside Campus, Cochin, 682016, Kerala, India.
| | - Neethu Sainjan
- Department of Marine Biology, Microbiology and Biochemistry, Cochin University of Science and Technology, Lakeside Campus, Cochin, 682016, Kerala, India
| | - Reshma Silvester
- Department of Marine Biology, Microbiology and Biochemistry, Cochin University of Science and Technology, Lakeside Campus, Cochin, 682016, Kerala, India
| | - Ajith Joseph
- Department of Marine Biology, Microbiology and Biochemistry, Cochin University of Science and Technology, Lakeside Campus, Cochin, 682016, Kerala, India
| | - Mujeeb Rahiman
- Department of Aquaculture and Fishery Microbiology, MES Ponnani College, Ponnani, 679586, Kerala, India
| | - Ally C Antony
- Department of Marine Biology, Microbiology and Biochemistry, Cochin University of Science and Technology, Lakeside Campus, Cochin, 682016, Kerala, India
| | - Radhakrishnan C Kumaran
- Department of Marine Biology, Microbiology and Biochemistry, Cochin University of Science and Technology, Lakeside Campus, Cochin, 682016, Kerala, India
| | - Mohamed Hatha
- Department of Marine Biology, Microbiology and Biochemistry, Cochin University of Science and Technology, Lakeside Campus, Cochin, 682016, Kerala, India
| |
Collapse
|