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Dutra-Silva L, Pereira GE, Batista LR, Matteoli FP. Fungal diversity and occurrence of mycotoxin producing fungi in tropical vineyards. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2021; 37:112. [PMID: 34081209 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-021-03081-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2020] [Accepted: 05/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Grapevine cultivars are distributed worldwide, nevertheless the fermentation of its grape berries renders distinct wine products that are highly associated to the local fungal community. Despite the symbiotic association between wine and the fungal metabolism, impacting both the terroir and mycotoxin production, few studies have explored the vineyard ecosystem fungal community using both molecular marker sequencing and mycotoxin production assessment. In this study, we investigated the fungal community of three grapevine cultivars (Vitis vinifera L.) in two tropical vineyards. Illumina MiSeq sequencing was performed on two biocompartments: grape berries (GB) and grapevine soil (GS); yielding a total of 578,495 fungal internal transcribed spacer 1 reads, which were used for taxonomic classification. GB and GS fungal communities were mainly constituted by Ascomycota phylum. GS harbors a significant richer and more diverse fungal community than GB. Among GB samples, Syrah grape berries exclusively shared fungal community included wine-associated yeasts (e.g. Saccharomycopsis vini) that may play key roles in wine terroir. Mycotoxin production assessment revealed the high potential of Aspergillus section Flavi and Penicillium section Citrina isolates to produce aflatoxin B1-B2 and citrinin, respectively. This is the first study to employ next-generation sequencing to investigate vineyard associated fungal community in Brazil. Our findings provide valuable insights on the available tools for fungal ecology assessment applied to food products emphasizing the coexistence between classical and molecular tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorena Dutra-Silva
- Department of Food Sciences, Federal University of Lavras, Lavras, MG, Brazil
| | - Giuliano E Pereira
- Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation/Embrapa Grape & Wine, Bento Gonçalves, RS, Brazil
| | | | - Filipe P Matteoli
- Department of Soil Science, Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil.
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Felšöciová S, Miroslava K, František V. Survey of mycobiota on Slovakian wine grapes from Small Carpathians wine region. POTRAVINARSTVO 2020. [DOI: 10.5219/1322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A total of 13 samples of grapes (bunches) without apparent fungal contamination were analyzed. The samples were collected during the 2019 harvest from Vrbové village in the Small Carpathian region of Slovakia. For the isolation of fungi were used the direct plating technique on DRBC plates. The plates were incubated aerobically at 25 ±1 °C for one week in the dark. The data obtained from the cultivation of the grape berry samples revealed a high diversity of fungal species (a total of 1044 isolates were obtained). Alternaria and Rhizopus were the main components of the wine grape mycobiota of the Vrbovský subregion at harvest time (92%, each), followed by Cladosporium (85%), Penicillium (77%), Botrytis and Epicoccum (54%, each). The most abundant genera found by descending order were Penicillium (25%), Alternaria (24%), Cladosporium (20%), and Rhizopus (12%) and only in minor percentage by Aspergillus (3%) among others. The main fungal species isolated from genera Penicillium and Aspergillus were Penicillium expansum (57% RD) and A. section Nigri (97% RD). Of 17 analyzed Penicillium strains, 65% were able to produce at least one of the six mycotoxins analyzed in in vitro conditions by means of thin-layer chromatography method: citrinin, griseofulvin, patulin, cyclopiazonic acid, penitrem A, and roquefortin C.
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Freire L, Guerreiro TM, Caramês ETS, Lopes LS, Orlando EA, Pereira GE, Lima Pallone JA, Catharino RR, Sant'Ana AS. Influence of Maturation Stages in Different Varieties of Wine Grapes ( Vitis vinifera) on the Production of Ochratoxin A and Its Modified Forms by Aspergillus carbonarius and Aspergillus niger. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2018; 66:8824-8831. [PMID: 30048130 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.8b02251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Ochratoxin A is the main contaminant mycotoxin of grapes produced mainly by Aspergillus niger and Aspergillus carbonarius. Besides, it is possible that the formation of modified mycotoxin occurs through the plant defense mechanism or also by fungus actions itself. The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of grape variety and maturation stage on the formation of OTA and modified mycotoxin. The determination of OTA was performed by high-performance liquid chromatography, and a high-resolution mass spectrometry was used for the detection of modified ochratoxin. A positive correlation was observed between the following grapes physicochemical parameters: pH, total soluble solids, total glycosides in glucose, total anthocyanin, and OTA levels produced by A. niger and A. carbonarius. Therefore, the higher the concentrations of these parameters, the greater the production of mycotoxin in grapes. Among the elected targets, we identified the 14-decarboxy-ochratoxin A in Muscat Italia variety at veraison and 15 days after the beginning of veraison stages; and ethylamide-ochratoxin A as a biomarker in the Syrah variety at the ripeness stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luísa Freire
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Food Engineering , University of Campinas , Campinas , SP , Brazil
| | - Tatiane M Guerreiro
- Innovare Biomarkers Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences , University of Campinas , Campinas , SP , Brazil
| | - Elem T S Caramês
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Food Engineering , University of Campinas , Campinas , SP , Brazil
| | - Letícia S Lopes
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Food Engineering , University of Campinas , Campinas , SP , Brazil
| | - Eduardo A Orlando
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Food Engineering , University of Campinas , Campinas , SP , Brazil
| | - Giuliano E Pereira
- § Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation (Semiárido) , Petrolina , PE , Brazil
| | - Juliana A Lima Pallone
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Food Engineering , University of Campinas , Campinas , SP , Brazil
| | - Rodrigo R Catharino
- Innovare Biomarkers Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences , University of Campinas , Campinas , SP , Brazil
| | - Anderson S Sant'Ana
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Food Engineering , University of Campinas , Campinas , SP , Brazil
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Shen Y, Nie J, Li Z, Li H, Wu Y, Dong Y, Zhang J. Differentiated surface fungal communities at point of harvest on apple fruits from rural and peri-urban orchards. Sci Rep 2018; 8:2165. [PMID: 29391402 PMCID: PMC5794916 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-17436-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2017] [Accepted: 11/27/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The diverse fungal communities that colonize fruit surfaces are closely associated with fruit development, preservation and quality control. However, the overall fungi adhering to the fruit surface and the inference of environmental factors are still unknown. Here, we characterized the fungal signatures on apple surfaces by sequencing internal transcribed spacer 1 (ITS1) region. We collected the surface fungal communities from apple fruits cultivated in rural and peri-urban orchards. A total of 111 fungal genera belonging to 4 phyla were identified, showing remarkable fungal diversity on the apple surface. Comparative analysis of rural samples harboured higher fungal diversity than those from peri-urban orchards. In addition, fungal composition varied significantly across apple samples. At the genus level, the protective genera Coniothyrium, Paraphaeosphaeria and Periconia were enriched in rural samples. The pathogenic genera Acremonium, Aspergillus, Penicillium and Tilletiposis were enriched in peri-urban samples. Our findings indicate that rural samples maintained more diverse fungal communities on apple surfaces, whereas peri-urban-planted apple carried potential pathogenic risks. This study sheds light on ways to improve fruit cultivation and disease prevention practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youming Shen
- Institute of Pomology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xingcheng, 125100, P.R. China
- Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Fruit (Xingcheng), Ministry of Agriculture, Xingcheng, 125100, P.R. China
- Quality Inspection and Test Center for Fruit and Nursery Stocks (Xingcheng), Ministry of Agriculture, Xingcheng, 125100, P.R. China
| | - Jiyun Nie
- Institute of Pomology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xingcheng, 125100, P.R. China.
- Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Fruit (Xingcheng), Ministry of Agriculture, Xingcheng, 125100, P.R. China.
- Quality Inspection and Test Center for Fruit and Nursery Stocks (Xingcheng), Ministry of Agriculture, Xingcheng, 125100, P.R. China.
| | - Zhixia Li
- Institute of Pomology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xingcheng, 125100, P.R. China
- Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Fruit (Xingcheng), Ministry of Agriculture, Xingcheng, 125100, P.R. China
- Quality Inspection and Test Center for Fruit and Nursery Stocks (Xingcheng), Ministry of Agriculture, Xingcheng, 125100, P.R. China
| | - Haifei Li
- Institute of Pomology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xingcheng, 125100, P.R. China
- Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Fruit (Xingcheng), Ministry of Agriculture, Xingcheng, 125100, P.R. China
- Quality Inspection and Test Center for Fruit and Nursery Stocks (Xingcheng), Ministry of Agriculture, Xingcheng, 125100, P.R. China
| | - Yonglong Wu
- Institute of Pomology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xingcheng, 125100, P.R. China
- Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Fruit (Xingcheng), Ministry of Agriculture, Xingcheng, 125100, P.R. China
- Quality Inspection and Test Center for Fruit and Nursery Stocks (Xingcheng), Ministry of Agriculture, Xingcheng, 125100, P.R. China
| | - Yafeng Dong
- Institute of Pomology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xingcheng, 125100, P.R. China
- Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Fruit (Xingcheng), Ministry of Agriculture, Xingcheng, 125100, P.R. China
- Quality Inspection and Test Center for Fruit and Nursery Stocks (Xingcheng), Ministry of Agriculture, Xingcheng, 125100, P.R. China
| | - Jianyi Zhang
- Institute of Pomology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xingcheng, 125100, P.R. China
- Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Fruit (Xingcheng), Ministry of Agriculture, Xingcheng, 125100, P.R. China
- Quality Inspection and Test Center for Fruit and Nursery Stocks (Xingcheng), Ministry of Agriculture, Xingcheng, 125100, P.R. China
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