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Grundmann CO, Guzman J, Vilcinskas A, Pupo MT. The insect microbiome is a vast source of bioactive small molecules. Nat Prod Rep 2024; 41:935-967. [PMID: 38411238 DOI: 10.1039/d3np00054k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
Covering: September 1964 to June 2023Bacteria and fungi living in symbiosis with insects have been studied over the last sixty years and found to be important sources of bioactive natural products. Not only classic producers of secondary metabolites such as Streptomyces and other members of the phylum Actinobacteria but also numerous bacteria from the phyla Proteobacteria and Firmicutes and an impressive array of fungi (usually pathogenic) serve as the source of a structurally diverse number of small molecules with important biological activities including antimicrobial, cytotoxic, antiparasitic and specific enzyme inhibitors. The insect niche is often the exclusive provider of microbes producing unique types of biologically active compounds such as gerumycins, pederin, dinactin, and formicamycins. However, numerous insects still have not been described taxonomically, and in most cases, the study of their microbiota is completely unexplored. In this review, we present a comprehensive survey of 553 natural products produced by microorganisms isolated from insects by collating and classifying all the data according to the type of compound (rather than the insect or microbial source). The analysis of the correlations among the metadata related to insects, microbial partners, and their produced compounds provides valuable insights into the intricate dynamics between insects and their symbionts as well as the impact of their metabolites on these relationships. Herein, we focus on the chemical structure, biosynthesis, and biological activities of the most relevant compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Juan Guzman
- Department of Bioresources, Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology, Giessen, Germany
| | - Andreas Vilcinskas
- Department of Bioresources, Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology, Giessen, Germany
- Institute for Insect Biotechnology, Justus-Liebig-University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Mônica Tallarico Pupo
- Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
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2
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Kotsyurbenko OR, Kompanichenko VN, Brouchkov AV, Khrunyk YY, Karlov SP, Sorokin VV, Skladnev DA. Different Scenarios for the Origin and the Subsequent Succession of a Hypothetical Microbial Community in the Cloud Layer of Venus. ASTROBIOLOGY 2024; 24:423-441. [PMID: 38563825 DOI: 10.1089/ast.2022.0117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
The possible existence of a microbial community in the venusian clouds is one of the most intriguing hypotheses in modern astrobiology. Such a community must be characterized by a high survivability potential under severe environmental conditions, the most extreme of which are very low pH levels and water activity. Considering different scenarios for the origin of life and geological history of our planet, a few of these scenarios are discussed in the context of the origin of hypothetical microbial life within the venusian cloud layer. The existence of liquid water on the surface of ancient Venus is one of the key outstanding questions influencing this possibility. We link the inherent attributes of microbial life as we know it that favor the persistence of life in such an environment and review the possible scenarios of life's origin and its evolution under a strong greenhouse effect and loss of water on Venus. We also propose a roadmap and describe a novel methodological approach for astrobiological research in the framework of future missions to Venus with the intent to reveal whether life exists today on the planet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oleg R Kotsyurbenko
- Higher School of Ecology, Yugra State University, Khanty-Mansiysk, Russia
- Network of Researchers on the Chemical Evolution of Life, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Vladimir N Kompanichenko
- Network of Researchers on the Chemical Evolution of Life, Leeds, United Kingdom
- Institute for Complex Analysis of Regional Problems RAS, Birobidzhan, Russia
| | | | - Yuliya Y Khrunyk
- Department of Heat Treatment and Physics of Metal, Ural Federal University, Ekaterinburg, Russia
| | - Sergey P Karlov
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Moscow Polytechnic University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Vladimir V Sorokin
- Research Center of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Winogradsky Institute of Microbiology, Moscow, Russia
| | - Dmitry A Skladnev
- Network of Researchers on the Chemical Evolution of Life, Leeds, United Kingdom
- Research Center of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Winogradsky Institute of Microbiology, Moscow, Russia
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3
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Song YP, Ji NY. Chemistry and biology of marine-derived Trichoderma metabolites. NATURAL PRODUCTS AND BIOPROSPECTING 2024; 14:14. [PMID: 38302800 PMCID: PMC10834931 DOI: 10.1007/s13659-024-00433-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
Marine-derived fungi of the genus Trichoderma have been surveyed for pharmaceuticals and agrochemicals since 1993, with various new secondary metabolites being characterized from the strains of marine animal, plant, sediment, and water origin. Chemical structures and biological activities of these metabolites are comprehensively reviewed herein up to the end of 2022 (covering 30 years). More than 70 strains that belong to at least 18 known Trichoderma species have been chemically investigated during this period. As a result, 445 new metabolites, including terpenes, steroids, polyketides, peptides, alkaloids, and others, have been identified, with over a half possessing antimicroalgal, zooplankton-toxic, antibacterial, antifungal, cytotoxic, anti-inflammatory, and other activities. The research is highlighted by the molecular diversity and antimicroalgal potency of terpenes and steroids. In addition, metabolic relevance along with co-culture induction in the production of new compounds is also concluded. Trichoderma strains of marine origin can transform and degrade heterogeneous molecules, but these functions need further exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin-Ping Song
- Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, 264003, People's Republic of China
| | - Nai-Yun Ji
- Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, 264003, People's Republic of China.
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Pereira-Dias L, Oliveira-Pinto PR, Fernandes JO, Regalado L, Mendes R, Teixeira C, Mariz-Ponte N, Gomes P, Santos C. Peptaibiotics: Harnessing the potential of microbial secondary metabolites for mitigation of plant pathogens. Biotechnol Adv 2023; 68:108223. [PMID: 37536466 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2023.108223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
Agricultural systems are in need of low-cost, safe antibiotics to protect crops from pests and diseases. Peptaibiotics, a family of linear, membrane-active, amphipathic polypeptides, have been shown to exhibit antibacterial, antifungal, and antiviral activity, and to be inducers of plant resistance against a wide range of phytopathogens. Peptaibiotics belong to the new generation of alternatives to agrochemicals, aligned with the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals and the One Health approach toward ensuring global food security and safety. Despite that, these fungi-derived, non-ribosomal peptides remain surprisingly understudied, especially in agriculture, where only a small number has been tested against a reduced number of phytopathogens. This lack of adoption stems from peptaibiotics' poor water solubility and the difficulty to synthesize and purify them in vitro, which compromises their delivery and inclusion in formulations. In this review, we offer a comprehensive analysis of peptaibiotics' classification, biosynthesis, relevance to plant protection, and mode of action against phytopathogens, along with the techniques enabling researchers to extract, purify, and elucidate their structure, and the databases holding such valuable data. It is also discussed how chemical synthesis and ionic liquids could increase their solubility, how genetic engineering and epigenetics could boost in vitro production, and how omics can reduce screenings' workload through in silico selection of the best candidates. These strategies could turn peptaibiotics into effective, ultra-specific, biodegradable tools for phytopathogen control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leandro Pereira-Dias
- iB(2) Laboratory, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre s/n, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal; LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre s/n, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal; Instituto de Conservación y Mejora de la Agrodiversidad Valenciana, Universitat Politècnica de València, 46022, Valencia, Spain.
| | - Paulo R Oliveira-Pinto
- iB(2) Laboratory, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre s/n, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal; LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre s/n, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
| | - Juliana O Fernandes
- iB(2) Laboratory, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre s/n, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal; LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre s/n, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
| | - Laura Regalado
- iB(2) Laboratory, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre s/n, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal; LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre s/n, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
| | - Rafael Mendes
- iB(2) Laboratory, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre s/n, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal; LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre s/n, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
| | - Cátia Teixeira
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre s/n, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal; Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
| | - Nuno Mariz-Ponte
- iB(2) Laboratory, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre s/n, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal; LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre s/n, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
| | - Paula Gomes
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre s/n, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal; Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
| | - Conceição Santos
- iB(2) Laboratory, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre s/n, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal; LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre s/n, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
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Balázs D, Marik T, Szekeres A, Vágvölgyi C, Kredics L, Tyagi C. Structure-activity correlations for peptaibols obtained from clade Longibrachiatum of Trichoderma: A combined experimental and computational approach. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2023; 21:1860-1873. [PMID: 36915379 PMCID: PMC10006723 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2023.02.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Integrated disease management and plant protection have been discussed with much fervor in the past decade due to the rising environmental concerns of using industrially produced pesticides. Members of the genus Trichoderma are a subject of considerable research today due to their several properties as biocontrol agents. In our study, the peptaibol production of Trichoderma longibrachiatum SZMC 1775, T. longibrachiatum f. bissettii SZMC 12546, T. reesei SZMC 22616, T. reesei SZMC 22614, T. saturnisporum SZMC 22606 and T. effusum SZMC 22611 were investigated to elucidate structure-activity relationships (SARs) between the properties of peptaibols and their 3D structures. The effects of peptaibol mixtures obtained from every Trichoderma strain were examined against nine commonly known bacteria. The lowest minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC, mg ml-1) were exerted by T. longibrachiatum f. bissettii SZMC 12546 against Gram-positive bacteria, which was also able to inhibit the plant pathogenic Gram-negative Rhizobium radiobacter. Accelerated molecular dynamics (aMD) simulations were performed in aqueous solvent to explore the folding dynamics of 12 selected peptaibol sequences. The most characteristic difference between the peptaibols from group A and B relies in the 'Gly-Leu-Aib-Pro' and 'Gly-Aib-Aib-Pro' motifs ('Aib' stands for α-aminoisobutyric acid), which imparted a significant effect on the folding dynamics in water and might be correlated with their expressed bioactivity. In our aMD simulation experiments, Group A peptaibols showed more restricted folding dynamics with well-folded helical conformations as the most stable representative structures. This structural stability and dynamics may contribute to their bioactivity against the selected bacterial species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dóra Balázs
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, Közép fasor 52, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary.,Doctoral School of Biology, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, Közép fasor 52, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Tamás Marik
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, Közép fasor 52, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary
| | - András Szekeres
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, Közép fasor 52, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Csaba Vágvölgyi
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, Közép fasor 52, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary
| | - László Kredics
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, Közép fasor 52, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Chetna Tyagi
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, Közép fasor 52, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary
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Cai F, Druzhinina IS. In honor of John Bissett: authoritative guidelines on molecular identification of Trichoderma. FUNGAL DIVERS 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s13225-020-00464-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
AbstractModern taxonomy has developed towards the establishment of global authoritative lists of species that assume the standardized principles of species recognition, at least in a given taxonomic group. However, in fungi, species delimitation is frequently subjective because it depends on the choice of a species concept and the criteria selected by a taxonomist. Contrary to it, identification of fungal species is expected to be accurate and precise because it should predict the properties that are required for applications or that are relevant in pathology. The industrial and plant-beneficial fungi from the genus Trichoderma (Hypocreales) offer a suitable model to address this collision between species delimitation and species identification. A few decades ago, Trichoderma diversity was limited to a few dozen species. The introduction of molecular evolutionary methods resulted in the exponential expansion of Trichoderma taxonomy, with up to 50 new species recognized per year. Here, we have reviewed the genus-wide taxonomy of Trichoderma and compiled a complete inventory of all Trichoderma species and DNA barcoding material deposited in public databases (the inventory is available at the website of the International Subcommission on Taxonomy of Trichodermawww.trichoderma.info). Among the 375 species with valid names as of July 2020, 361 (96%) have been cultivated in vitro and DNA barcoded. Thus, we have developed a protocol for molecular identification of Trichoderma that requires analysis of the three DNA barcodes (ITS, tef1, and rpb2), and it is supported by online tools that are available on www.trichokey.info. We then used all the whole-genome sequenced (WGS) Trichoderma strains that are available in public databases to provide versatile practical examples of molecular identification, reveal shortcomings, and discuss possible ambiguities. Based on the Trichoderma example, this study shows why the identification of a fungal species is an intricate and laborious task that requires a background in mycology, molecular biological skills, training in molecular evolutionary analysis, and knowledge of taxonomic literature. We provide an in-depth discussion of species concepts that are applied in Trichoderma taxonomy, and conclude that these fungi are particularly suitable for the implementation of a polyphasic approach that was first introduced in Trichoderma taxonomy by John Bissett (1948–2020), whose work inspired the current study. We also propose a regulatory and unifying role of international commissions on the taxonomy of particular fungal groups. An important outcome of this work is the demonstration of an urgent need for cooperation between Trichoderma researchers to get prepared to the efficient use of the upcoming wave of Trichoderma genomic data.
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Sphaerostilbellins, New Antimicrobial Aminolipopeptide Peptaibiotics from Sphaerostilbella toxica. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10101371. [PMID: 32993102 PMCID: PMC7600149 DOI: 10.3390/biom10101371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Revised: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Sphaerostilbella toxica is a mycoparasitic fungus that can be found parasitizing wood-decay basidiomycetes in the southern USA. Organic solvent extracts of fermented strains of S. toxica exhibited potent antimicrobial activity, including potent growth inhibition of human pathogenic yeasts Candida albicans and Cryptococcus neoformans, the respiratory pathogenic fungus Aspergillus fumigatus, and the Gram-positive bacterium Staphylococcus aureus. Bioassay-guided separations led to the purification and structure elucidation of new peptaibiotics designated as sphaerostilbellins A and B. Their structures were established mainly by analysis of NMR and HRMS data, verification of amino acid composition by Marfey's method, and by comparison with published data of known compounds. They incorporate intriguing structural features, including an N-terminal 2-methyl-3-oxo-tetradecanoyl (MOTDA) residue and a C-terminal putrescine residue. The minimal inhibitory concentrations for sphaerostilbellins A and B were measured as 2 μM each for C. neoformans, 1 μM each for A. fumigatus, and 4 and 2 μM, respectively, for C. albicans. Murine macrophage cells were unaffected at these concentrations.
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Brückner H, Degenkolb T. Sequences of Tolypins, Insecticidal Efrapeptin-Type Peptaibiotics from Species of the Fungal Genus Tolypocladium. Chem Biodivers 2020; 17:e2000276. [PMID: 32573986 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202000276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
A peptide mixture named tolypin, originally isolated from species of the fungal genus Tolypocladium, was structurally characterised and sequences compared to those reported for efrapeptins isolated from strains of Tolypocladium inflatum. Chiral amino acid analysis, direct infusion, and online HPLC electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry provided composition, molecular weights of peptides, and series of diagnostic fragment ions. Sequences deduced from ESI-MS revealed that tolypins C-G are identical to efrapeptins C-G. The results were corroborated by ESI-MS and HPLC of an authentic efrapeptin sample from Eli Lilly Research Laboratories (USA). Comparison of the HPLC elution profiles of efrapeptin and tolypin indicated a pronounced microheterogeneity of the former. A high-resolution HPLC of authentic efrapeptin has not been published before. Close relationship and partial identity of sequences of tolypins and efrapeptins, which had previously been postulated, were definitely proven. The geographical origin of the two most important T. inflatum strains used for sequencing of efrapeptins/tolypins could unambiguously be clarified. A new minor compound, designated tolypin H1, was sequenced. High proportions of helicogenic Aib (α-aminoisobutyric acid) and l-isovaline, N-terminal acetyl-l-pipecolic acid and the unusual, amide-bound C-terminal residue, named (S)-2-amino-1-(1,5-diazabicyclo[4.3.0]non-5-ene-5-ylium)-4-methylpentane corresponding to 1-[(2S)-2-amino-4-methylpentyl]-2,3,4,6,7,8-hexahydropyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrimidin-1-ium, define these peptides as linear, cationic peptaibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hans Brückner
- Interdisciplinary Research Centre for BioSystems, Land Use and Nutrition (IFZ), Department of Food Sciences, Institute of Nutritional Science, Justus-Liebig University of Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 26-32, DE, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Thomas Degenkolb
- Interdisciplinary Research Centre for BioSystems, Land Use and Nutrition (IFZ), Department of Food Sciences, Institute of Nutritional Science, Justus-Liebig University of Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 26-32, DE, 35392 Giessen, Germany.,Present address: Interdisciplinary Research Centre for BioSystems, Land Use and Nutrition (IFZ), Institute of Insect Biotechnology, Department of Applied Entomology, Justus-Liebig University of Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 26-32, DE, 35392 Giessen, Germany
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Niu X, Thaochan N, Hu Q. Diversity of Linear Non-Ribosomal Peptide in Biocontrol Fungi. J Fungi (Basel) 2020; 6:E61. [PMID: 32408496 PMCID: PMC7345191 DOI: 10.3390/jof6020061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2020] [Revised: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Biocontrol fungi (BFs) play a key role in regulation of pest populations. BFs produce multiple non-ribosomal peptides (NRPs) and other secondary metabolites that interact with pests, plants and microorganisms. NRPs-including linear and cyclic peptides (L-NRPs and C-NRPs)-are small peptides frequently containing special amino acids and other organic acids. They are biosynthesized in fungi through non-ribosomal peptide synthases (NRPSs). Compared with C-NRPs, L-NRPs have simpler structures, with only a linear chain and biosynthesis without cyclization. BFs mainly include entomopathogenic and mycoparasitic fungi, that are used to control insect pests and phytopathogens in fields, respectively. NRPs play an important role of in the interactions of BFs with insects or phytopathogens. On the other hand, the residues of NRPs may contaminate food through BFs activities in the environment. In recent decades, C-NRPs in BFs have been thoroughly reviewed. However, L-NRPs are rarely investigated. In order to better understand the species and potential problems of L-NRPs in BFs, this review lists the L-NRPs from entomopathogenic and mycoparasitic fungi, summarizes their sources, structures, activities and biosynthesis, and details risks and utilization prospects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Niu
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Pesticide Innovation and Application of Guangdong Province, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China;
| | - Narit Thaochan
- Pest Management Biotechnology and Plant Physiology Laboratory, Faculty of Natural Resources, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla 90110, Thailand;
| | - Qiongbo Hu
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Pesticide Innovation and Application of Guangdong Province, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China;
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Jaroszuk-Ściseł J, Tyśkiewicz R, Nowak A, Ozimek E, Majewska M, Hanaka A, Tyśkiewicz K, Pawlik A, Janusz G. Phytohormones (Auxin, Gibberellin) and ACC Deaminase In Vitro Synthesized by the Mycoparasitic Trichoderma DEMTkZ3A0 Strain and Changes in the Level of Auxin and Plant Resistance Markers in Wheat Seedlings Inoculated with this Strain Conidia. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E4923. [PMID: 31590281 PMCID: PMC6801869 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20194923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2019] [Revised: 09/25/2019] [Accepted: 10/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Both hormonal balance and plant growth may be shaped by microorganisms synthesizing phytohormones, regulating its synthesis in the plant and inducing plant resistance by releasing elicitors from cell walls (CW) by degrading enzymes (CWDE). It was shown that the Trichoderma DEMTkZ3A0 strain, isolated from a healthy rye rhizosphere, colonized the rhizoplane of wheat seedlings and root border cells (RBC) and caused approximately 40% increase of stem weight. The strain inhibited (in over 90%) the growth of polyphagous Fusarium spp. (F. culmorum, F. oxysporum, F. graminearum) phytopathogens through a mechanism of mycoparasitism. Chitinolytic and glucanolytic activity, strongly stimulated by CW of F. culmorum in the DEMTkZ3A0 liquid culture, is most likely responsible for the lysis of hyphae and macroconidia of phytopathogenic Fusarium spp. as well as the release of plant resistance elicitors. In DEMTkZ3A0 inoculated plants, an increase in the activity of the six tested plant resistance markers and a decrease in the concentration of indoleacetic acid (IAA) auxin were noted. IAA and gibberellic acid (GA) but also the 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) deaminase (ACCD) enzyme regulating ethylene production by plant were synthesized by DEMTkZ3A0 in the liquid culture. IAA synthesis was dependent on tryptophan and negatively correlated with temperature, whereas GA synthesis was positively correlated with the biomass and temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jolanta Jaroszuk-Ściseł
- Department of Environmental Microbiology, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, Akademicka St. 19, 20-033 Lublin, Poland.
| | - Renata Tyśkiewicz
- Department of Environmental Microbiology, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, Akademicka St. 19, 20-033 Lublin, Poland.
- Military Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Lubelska St. 2, 24-100 Puławy, Poland.
| | - Artur Nowak
- Department of Environmental Microbiology, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, Akademicka St. 19, 20-033 Lublin, Poland.
| | - Ewa Ozimek
- Department of Environmental Microbiology, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, Akademicka St. 19, 20-033 Lublin, Poland.
| | - Małgorzata Majewska
- Department of Environmental Microbiology, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, Akademicka St. 19, 20-033 Lublin, Poland.
| | - Agnieszka Hanaka
- Department of Plant Physiology, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, Akademicka St. 19, 20-033 Lublin, Poland.
| | - Katarzyna Tyśkiewicz
- ŁUKASIEWICZ Research Network-New Chemical Syntheses Institute, Tysiąclecia Państwa Polskiego Ave. 13a, 24-110 Puławy, Poland.
| | - Anna Pawlik
- Department of Biochemistry, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, Akademicka St. 19, 20-033 Lublin, Poland.
| | - Grzegorz Janusz
- Department of Biochemistry, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, Akademicka St. 19, 20-033 Lublin, Poland.
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Marik T, Tyagi C, Balázs D, Urbán P, Szepesi Á, Bakacsy L, Endre G, Rakk D, Szekeres A, Andersson MA, Salonen H, Druzhinina IS, Vágvölgyi C, Kredics L. Structural Diversity and Bioactivities of Peptaibol Compounds From the Longibrachiatum Clade of the Filamentous Fungal Genus Trichoderma. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:1434. [PMID: 31293557 PMCID: PMC6606783 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.01434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2019] [Accepted: 06/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
This study examined the structural diversity and bioactivity of peptaibol compounds produced by species from the phylogenetically separated Longibrachiatum Clade of the filamentous fungal genus Trichoderma, which contains several biotechnologically, agriculturally and clinically important species. HPLC-ESI-MS investigations of crude extracts from 17 species of the Longibrachiatum Clade (T. aethiopicum, T. andinense, T. capillare, T. citrinoviride, T. effusum, T. flagellatum, T. ghanense, T. konilangbra, T. longibrachiatum, T. novae-zelandiae, T. pinnatum, T. parareesei, T. pseudokoningii, T. reesei, T. saturnisporum, T. sinensis, and T. orientale) revealed several new and recurrent 20-residue peptaibols related to trichobrachins, paracelsins, suzukacillins, saturnisporins, trichoaureocins, trichocellins, longibrachins, hyporientalins, trichokonins, trilongins, metanicins, trichosporins, gliodeliquescins, alamethicins and hypophellins, as well as eight 19-residue sequences from a new subfamily of peptaibols named brevicelsins. Non-ribosomal peptide synthetase genes were mined from the available genome sequences of the Longibrachiatum Clade. Their annotation and product prediction were performed in silico and revealed full agreement in 11 out of 20 positions regarding the amino acids predicted based on the signature sequences and the detected amino acids incorporated. Molecular dynamics simulations were performed for structural characterization of four selected peptaibol sequences: paracelsins B, H and their 19-residue counterparts brevicelsins I and IV. Loss of position R6 in brevicelsins resulted in smaller helical structures with higher atomic fluctuation for every residue than the structures formed by paracelsins. We observed the formation of highly bent, almost hairpin-like, helical structures throughout the trajectory, along with linear conformation. Bioactivity tests were performed on the purified peptaibol extract of T. reesei on clinically and phytopathologically important filamentous fungi, mammalian cells, and Arabidopsis thaliana seedlings. Porcine kidney cells and boar spermatozoa proved to be sensitive to the purified peptaibol extract. Peptaibol concentrations ≥0.3 mg ml−1 deterred the growth of A. thaliana. However, negative effects to plants were not detected at concentrations below 0.1 mg ml−1, which could still inhibit plant pathogenic filamentous fungi, suggesting that those peptaibols reported here may have applications for plant protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamás Marik
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Chetna Tyagi
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Dóra Balázs
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Péter Urbán
- Department of General and Environmental Microbiology, Faculty of Sciences, and Szentágothai Research Center, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Ágnes Szepesi
- Department of Plant Biology, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - László Bakacsy
- Department of Plant Biology, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Gábor Endre
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Dávid Rakk
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - András Szekeres
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | | | - Heidi Salonen
- Department of Civil Engineering, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland
| | - Irina S Druzhinina
- Research Area Biochemical Technology, Institute of Chemical, Environmental and Bioscience Engineering, TU Wien, Vienna, Austria.,Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Organic Solid Waste Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Csaba Vágvölgyi
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - László Kredics
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
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12
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Katoch M, Singh D, Kapoor KK, Vishwakarma RA. Trichoderma lixii (IIIM-B4), an endophyte of Bacopa monnieri L. producing peptaibols. BMC Microbiol 2019; 19:98. [PMID: 31096902 PMCID: PMC6524271 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-019-1477-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2018] [Accepted: 05/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Exploration of microbes isolated from north western Himalayas for bioactive natural products. Results A strain of Trichoderma lixii (IIIM-B4) was isolated from Bacopa monnieri L. The ITS based rDNA gene sequence of strain IIIM-B4 displayed 99% sequence similarity with different Trichoderma harzianum species complex. The highest score was displayed for Hypocrea lixii strain FJ462763 followed by H. nigricans strain NBRC31285, Trichoderma lixii strain CBS 110080, T. afroharzianum strain CBS124620 and Trichoderma guizhouense BPI:GJS 08135 respectively. Position of T. lixii (IIIM-B4) in phylogenetic tree suggested separate identity of the strain. Microbial dynamics of T. lixii (IIIM-B4) was investigated for small peptides. Medium to long chain length peptaibols of 11 residue (Group A), 14 residue (Group B) and 17 residue (Group C) were identified using Matrix Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization-Time of Flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometer. Optimization is undeniably a desideratum for maximized production of desirable metabolites from microbial strain. Here optimization studies were carried out on T. lixii (IIIM-B4) using different growth media through Intact Cell Mass Spectrometry (ICMS). A multifold increase was obtained in production of 11 residue peptaibols using rose bengal medium. Out of these, one of them named as Tribacopin AV was isolated and sequenced through mass studied. It was found novel as having unique sequence Ac-Gly-Leu-Leu-Leu-Ala-Leu-Pro-Leu-Aib-Val-Gln-OH. It was found to have antifungal activity against Candida albicans (25 μg/mL MIC). Conclusion In this study, we isolated a strain of T. lixii (IIIM-B4) producing medium and long chain peptaibols. One of them named as Tribacopin AV was found novel as having unique sequence Ac-Gly-Leu-Leu-Leu-Ala-Leu-Pro-Leu-Aib-Val-Gln-OH, which had antifungal properties. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12866-019-1477-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meenu Katoch
- Microbial Biotechnology Division, Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu, 180001, India.
| | - Deepika Singh
- Quality Control and Quality Assurance Division, Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu, 180001, India.
| | - Kamal K Kapoor
- Department of Chemistry, University of Jammu, Jammu, 180001, India
| | - R A Vishwakarma
- Medicinal Chemistry Division, Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, India
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13
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Marik T, Tyagi C, Racić G, Rakk D, Szekeres A, Vágvölgyi C, Kredics L. New 19-Residue Peptaibols from Trichoderma Clade Viride. Microorganisms 2018; 6:microorganisms6030085. [PMID: 30103563 PMCID: PMC6165201 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms6030085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2018] [Revised: 08/07/2018] [Accepted: 08/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Trichoderma koningiopsis and T. gamsii belong to clade Viride of Trichoderma, the largest and most diverse group of this genus. They produce a wide range of bioactive secondary metabolites, including peptaibols with antibacterial, antifungal, and antiviral properties. The unusual amino acid residues of peptaibols, i.e., α-aminoisobutyric acid (Aib), isovaline (Iva), and the C-terminal 1,2-amino alcohol make them unique among peptides. In this study, the peptaibiomes of T. koningiopsis and T. gamsii were investigated by HPLC-ESI-MS. The examined strains appeared to produce 19-residue peptaibols, most of which are unknown from literature, but their amino acid sequences are similar to those of trikoningins, tricholongins, trichostrigocins, trichorzianins, and trichorzins. A new group of peptaibols detected in T. koningiopsis are described here under the name “Koningiopsin”. Trikoningin KA V, the closest peptaibol compound to the peptaibols produced by these two strains, was selected for structural investigation by short MD simulation, which revealed that many residues show high preference for left handed helix formation. The bioactivity of the peptaibol mixtures produced by T. koningiopsis and T. gamsii was tested on agar plates against bacteria, yeasts, and filamentous fungi. The results revealed characteristic differences in bioactivities towards the different groups of target microorganisms, which can be explained with the differences in their cell wall structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamás Marik
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, Közép fasor 52, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary.
| | - Chetna Tyagi
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, Közép fasor 52, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary.
- Doctoral School in Biology, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary.
| | - Gordana Racić
- Faculty of Environmental Protection, Educons University, Vojvode Putnika 87, 21208 Sremska Kamenica, Serbia.
| | - Dávid Rakk
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, Közép fasor 52, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary.
- Doctoral School in Biology, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary.
| | - András Szekeres
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, Közép fasor 52, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary.
| | - Csaba Vágvölgyi
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, Közép fasor 52, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary.
| | - László Kredics
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, Közép fasor 52, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary.
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14
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Maciá-Vicente JG, Shi YN, Cheikh-Ali Z, Grün P, Glynou K, Kia SH, Piepenbring M, Bode HB. Metabolomics-based chemotaxonomy of root endophytic fungi for natural products discovery. Environ Microbiol 2018; 20:1253-1270. [DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.14072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2017] [Accepted: 02/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jose G. Maciá-Vicente
- Institute of Ecology, Evolution and Diversity, Goethe Universität Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Str. 13; Frankfurt am Main 60438 Germany
- Integrative Fungal Research Cluster (IPF); Frankfurt am Main Germany
| | - Yan-Ni Shi
- Merck Stiftungsprofessur für Molekulare Biotechnologie, Fachbereich Biowissenschaften; Goethe Universität Frankfurt; Frankfurt am Main 60438 Germany
| | - Zakaria Cheikh-Ali
- Integrative Fungal Research Cluster (IPF); Frankfurt am Main Germany
- Merck Stiftungsprofessur für Molekulare Biotechnologie, Fachbereich Biowissenschaften; Goethe Universität Frankfurt; Frankfurt am Main 60438 Germany
| | - Peter Grün
- Merck Stiftungsprofessur für Molekulare Biotechnologie, Fachbereich Biowissenschaften; Goethe Universität Frankfurt; Frankfurt am Main 60438 Germany
| | - Kyriaki Glynou
- Institute of Ecology, Evolution and Diversity, Goethe Universität Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Str. 13; Frankfurt am Main 60438 Germany
- Integrative Fungal Research Cluster (IPF); Frankfurt am Main Germany
| | - Sevda Haghi Kia
- Institute of Ecology, Evolution and Diversity, Goethe Universität Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Str. 13; Frankfurt am Main 60438 Germany
- Integrative Fungal Research Cluster (IPF); Frankfurt am Main Germany
| | - Meike Piepenbring
- Institute of Ecology, Evolution and Diversity, Goethe Universität Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Str. 13; Frankfurt am Main 60438 Germany
- Integrative Fungal Research Cluster (IPF); Frankfurt am Main Germany
| | - Helge B. Bode
- Integrative Fungal Research Cluster (IPF); Frankfurt am Main Germany
- Merck Stiftungsprofessur für Molekulare Biotechnologie, Fachbereich Biowissenschaften; Goethe Universität Frankfurt; Frankfurt am Main 60438 Germany
- Buchmann Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (BMLS), Goethe Universität Frankfurt; Frankfurt am Main 60438 Germany
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15
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Zalyalyutdinova LM, Bikmullin AG, Tukhbatova RI, Nabatov AA, Petrova NV, Bagaeva TV, Alimova FK. Isolation, Purification, and Biological Activity of Secondary Metabolites from Trichoderma asperellum F-1087. APPL BIOCHEM MICRO+ 2018. [DOI: 10.1134/s000368381802014x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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16
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Sharma V, Salwan R, Sharma PN, Gulati A. Integrated Translatome and Proteome: Approach for Accurate Portraying of Widespread Multifunctional Aspects of Trichoderma. Front Microbiol 2017; 8:1602. [PMID: 28900417 PMCID: PMC5581810 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.01602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2017] [Accepted: 08/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Genome-wide studies of transcripts expression help in systematic monitoring of genes and allow targeting of candidate genes for future research. In contrast to relatively stable genomic data, the expression of genes is dynamic and regulated both at time and space level at different level in. The variation in the rate of translation is specific for each protein. Both the inherent nature of an mRNA molecule to be translated and the external environmental stimuli can affect the efficiency of the translation process. In biocontrol agents (BCAs), the molecular response at translational level may represents noise-like response of absolute transcript level and an adaptive response to physiological and pathological situations representing subset of mRNAs population actively translated in a cell. The molecular responses of biocontrol are complex and involve multistage regulation of number of genes. The use of high-throughput techniques has led to rapid increase in volume of transcriptomics data of Trichoderma. In general, almost half of the variations of transcriptome and protein level are due to translational control. Thus, studies are required to integrate raw information from different “omics” approaches for accurate depiction of translational response of BCAs in interaction with plants and plant pathogens. The studies on translational status of only active mRNAs bridging with proteome data will help in accurate characterization of only a subset of mRNAs actively engaged in translation. This review highlights the associated bottlenecks and use of state-of-the-art procedures in addressing the gap to accelerate future accomplishment of biocontrol mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivek Sharma
- Department of Plant Pathology, Choudhary Sarwan Kumar Himachal Pradesh Agricultural UniversityPalampur, India
| | - Richa Salwan
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Choudhary Sarwan Kumar Himachal Pradesh Agricultural UniversityPalampur, India
| | - P N Sharma
- Department of Plant Pathology, Choudhary Sarwan Kumar Himachal Pradesh Agricultural UniversityPalampur, India
| | - Arvind Gulati
- Institute of Himalayan Bioresource TechnologyPalampur, India
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17
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Degenkolb T, Götze L, von Döhren H, Vilcinskas A, Brückner H. Sequences of stilboflavin C: towards the peptaibiome of the filamentous fungus Stilbella (= Trichoderma) flavipes. J Pept Sci 2017; 22:517-24. [PMID: 27443977 DOI: 10.1002/psc.2897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2016] [Revised: 04/26/2016] [Accepted: 05/09/2016] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Filamentous fungi of the genus Stilbella are recognized as an abundant source of naturally occurring α-aminoisobutyric acid-containing peptides. The culture broth of Stilbella (Trichoderma) flavipes CBS 146.81 yielded a mixture of peptides named stilboflavins (SF), and these were isolated and separated by preparative TLC into groups named SF-A, SF-B, and SF-C. Although all three of these groups resolved as single spots on thin-layer chromatograms, HPLC analysis revealed that each of the groups represents very microheterogeneous mixtures of closely related peptides. Here, we report on the sequence analysis of SF-C peptides, formerly isolated by preparative TLC. HPLC coupled to QqTOF-ESI-HRMS provided the sequences of 10 16-residue peptides and five 19-residue peptides, all of which were N-terminally acetylated. In contrast to the previously described SF-A and SF-B peptaibols, SF-C peptaibols contain Ser-Alaol or Ser-Leuol, which are rarely found as C-termini, and repetitive Leu-Aib-Gly sequences, which have not been detected in peptaibols before. Taking the previously determined sequences of SF-A and SF-B into account, the entirety of peptides produced by S. flavipes (the 'peptaibiome') approaches or exceeds 100 non-ribosomally biosynthesized peptaibiotics. Copyright © 2016 European Peptide Society and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Degenkolb
- Institute for Insect Biotechnology, Department of Applied Entomology, Interdisciplinary Research Center for BioSystems, Land Use and Nutrition (IFZ), Justus-Liebig-University of Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 26-32, 35392, Giessen, Germany
| | - Lutz Götze
- Department of Bioresources, Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology, Winchester Strasse 2, 35394, Giessen, Germany
| | - Hans von Döhren
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology OE 2, Institute of Chemistry, Technical University of Berlin, Franklinstrasse 29, 10587, Berlin, Germany.,Schillerstrasse 34, 10627, Berlin, Germany
| | - Andreas Vilcinskas
- Institute for Insect Biotechnology, Department of Applied Entomology, Interdisciplinary Research Center for BioSystems, Land Use and Nutrition (IFZ), Justus-Liebig-University of Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 26-32, 35392, Giessen, Germany.,Department of Bioresources, Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology, Winchester Strasse 2, 35394, Giessen, Germany
| | - Hans Brückner
- Institute for Insect Biotechnology, Department of Applied Entomology, Interdisciplinary Research Center for BioSystems, Land Use and Nutrition (IFZ), Justus-Liebig-University of Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 26-32, 35392, Giessen, Germany
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18
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Abstract
Many Fungi have a well-developed secondary metabolism. The diversity of fungal species and the diversification of biosynthetic gene clusters underscores a nearly limitless potential for metabolic variation and an untapped resource for drug discovery and synthetic biology. Much of the ecological success of the filamentous fungi in colonizing the planet is owed to their ability to deploy their secondary metabolites in concert with their penetrative and absorptive mode of life. Fungal secondary metabolites exhibit biological activities that have been developed into life-saving medicines and agrochemicals. Toxic metabolites, known as mycotoxins, contaminate human and livestock food and indoor environments. Secondary metabolites are determinants of fungal diseases of humans, animals, and plants. Secondary metabolites exhibit a staggering variation in chemical structures and biological activities, yet their biosynthetic pathways share a number of key characteristics. The genes encoding cooperative steps of a biosynthetic pathway tend to be located contiguously on the chromosome in coregulated gene clusters. Advances in genome sequencing, computational tools, and analytical chemistry are enabling the rapid connection of gene clusters with their metabolic products. At least three fungal drug precursors, penicillin K and V, mycophenolic acid, and pleuromutilin, have been produced by synthetic reconstruction and expression of respective gene clusters in heterologous hosts. This review summarizes general aspects of fungal secondary metabolism and recent developments in our understanding of how and why fungi make secondary metabolites, how these molecules are produced, and how their biosynthetic genes are distributed across the Fungi. The breadth of fungal secondary metabolite diversity is highlighted by recent information on the biosynthesis of important fungus-derived metabolites that have contributed to human health and agriculture and that have negatively impacted crops, food distribution, and human environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerald F Bills
- Texas Therapeutics Institute, The Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77054
| | - James B Gloer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52245
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19
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Mohamed-Benkada M, François Pouchus Y, Vérité P, Pagniez F, Caroff N, Ruiz N. Identification and Biological Activities of Long-Chain Peptaibols Produced by a Marine-Derived Strain ofTrichoderma longibrachiatum. Chem Biodivers 2016; 13:521-30. [DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.201500159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2015] [Accepted: 12/11/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mustapha Mohamed-Benkada
- Département de Biotechnologie; Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie; Université des Sciences et de la Technologie d'Oran-Mohamed Boudiaf (USTO-MB); El Mnaouar, B.P. 1505 Bir El Djir 31000 Oran Algeria
| | | | - Philippe Vérité
- Laboratoire de Chimie Analytique; Faculté de Médecine et Pharmacie; Université de Rouen; FR-76000 Rouen
| | - Fabrice Pagniez
- Laboratoire de Parasitologie et Mycologie Médicale, IICiMed; Faculté de Pharmacie; Université de Nantes; FR-44000 Nantes
| | - Nathalie Caroff
- Laboratoire Thérapeutiques Cliniques et Expérimentales des Infections; Faculté de Médecine; Université de Nantes; FR-44000 Nantes
| | - Nicolas Ruiz
- Faculté de Pharmacie, MMS; Université de Nantes; FR-44000 Nantes
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20
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Neumann NKN, Stoppacher N, Zeilinger S, Degenkolb T, Brückner H, Schuhmacher R. The peptaibiotics database--a comprehensive online resource. Chem Biodivers 2016; 12:743-51. [PMID: 26010663 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.201400393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2014] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we present the 'Peptaibiotics Database' (PDB), a comprehensive online resource, which intends to cover all Aib-containing non-ribosomal fungal peptides currently described in scientific literature. This database shall extend and update the recently published 'Comprehensive Peptaibiotics Database' and currently consists of 1,297 peptaibiotic sequences. In a literature survey, a total of 235 peptaibiotic sequences published between January 2013 and June 2014 have been compiled, and added to the list of 1,062 peptides in the recently published 'Comprehensive Peptaibiotics Database'. The presented database is intended as a public resource freely accessible to the scientific community at peptaibiotics-database.boku.ac.at. The search options of the previously published repository and the presentation of sequence motif searches have been extended significantly. All of the available search options can be combined to create complex database queries. As a public repository, the presented database enables the easy upload of new peptaibiotic sequences or the correction of existing informations. In addition, an administrative interface for maintenance of the content of the database has been implemented, and the design of the database can be easily extended to store additional information to accommodate future needs of the 'peptaibiomics community'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nora K N Neumann
- Center for Analytical Chemistry, Department of Agrobiotechnology IFA-Tulln, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna (BOKU), Konrad Lorenz Straße 20, A-3430 Tulln, (phone: +43-2272-66280)
| | - Norbert Stoppacher
- Center for Analytical Chemistry, Department of Agrobiotechnology IFA-Tulln, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna (BOKU), Konrad Lorenz Straße 20, A-3430 Tulln, (phone: +43-2272-66280).,Bureau International des Poids et Mesures, Pavillon de Breteuil, F-92312 Sèvres Cedex
| | - Susanne Zeilinger
- Institute of Chemical Engineering, Vienna University of Technology, Gumpendorferstrasse 1a, A-1060 Vienna
| | - Thomas Degenkolb
- Research Center for Biosystems, Land Use and Nutrition, Department of Applied Entomology, University of Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 26.32, D-35392 Gießen
| | - Hans Brückner
- Research Center for Biosystems, Land Use and Nutrition, Department of Food Sciences, University of Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 26.32, D-35392 Gießen
| | - Rainer Schuhmacher
- Center for Analytical Chemistry, Department of Agrobiotechnology IFA-Tulln, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna (BOKU), Konrad Lorenz Straße 20, A-3430 Tulln, (phone: +43-2272-66280).
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21
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Exploitation of Fungal Biodiversity for Discovery of Novel Antibiotics. Curr Top Microbiol Immunol 2016; 398:303-338. [PMID: 27422786 DOI: 10.1007/82_2016_496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Fungi were among the first sources for antibiotics. The discovery and development of the penicillin-type and cephalosporin-type β-lactams and their synthetic versions were transformative in emergence of the modern pharmaceutical industry. They remain some of the most important antibiotics, even 70 years after their discovery. Meanwhile, thousands of fungal metabolites have been discovered, yet these metabolites have only contributed a few additional compounds that have entered clinical development. Substantial expansion in fungal biodiversity assessment along with the availability of modern "-OMICS" technology and revolutionary developments in fungal biotechnology have been made in the last 15 years subsequent to the exit of most of the big Pharma companies from the field of novel antibiotics discovery. Therefore, the timing seems opportune to revisit these fascinating chemically rich organisms as a reservoir of small-molecule templates for lead discovery. This review will describe ongoing interdisciplinary scenarios in which specialists in fungal biology collaborate with chemists, pharmacologists and biochemical and process engineers in order to reveal and make new antibiotics. The utility of a pre-selection process based on phylogenetic data and distribution of secondary metabolite encoding gene cluster will be highlighted. Examples of novel bioactive metabolites from fungi derived from special ecological groups and new phylogenetic lineages will also be discussed.
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Stach M, Weidkamp AJ, Yang SH, Hung KY, Furkert DP, Harris PWR, Smaill JB, Patterson AV, Brimble MA. Improved Strategy for the Synthesis of the Anticancer Agent Culicinin D. European J Org Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201500872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Degenkolb T, Fog Nielsen K, Dieckmann R, Branco-Rocha F, Chaverri P, Samuels GJ, Thrane U, von Döhren H, Vilcinskas A, Brückner H. Peptaibol, Secondary-Metabolite, and Hydrophobin Pattern of Commercial Biocontrol Agents Formulated with Species of theTrichoderma harzianumComplex. Chem Biodivers 2015; 12:662-84. [DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.201400300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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In silico conformational analysis of the short-sequence hypomurocin a peptides. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PEPTIDES 2015; 2015:281065. [PMID: 25699083 PMCID: PMC4324929 DOI: 10.1155/2015/281065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2014] [Revised: 01/05/2015] [Accepted: 01/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
In this theoretical study, a conformational analysis was performed on short-sequence hypomurocin A peptides, in order to identify their characteristic structural properties. For each hypomurocin A molecule, not only the backbone conformations, but also the side-chain conformations were examined. The results indicated that certain tetrapeptide units could be characterized by types I and III β-turn structures, and considering the helical conformations, it could be concluded that the hypomurocin A peptides showed a preference for the 310-helical structure over the α-helical structure. Beside the backbone conformations, the side-chain conformations were investigated, and the preferred rotamer states of the side-chains of amino acids were determined. Furthermore, the occurrence of i ← i + 3 and i ← i + 4 intramolecular H-bonds was studied, which could play a role in the structural stabilization of β-turns and helical conformations. On the whole, our theoretical study supplied a comprehensive characterization of the three-dimensional structure of short-sequence hypomurocin A peptides.
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