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Ruppert DS, Mohammed MM, Ibrahim MM, Bachtiar EO, Erning K, Ansari K, Everitt JI, Brown D, Klitzman B, Koshut W, Gall K, Levinson H. Poly(lactide-co-ε-caprolactone) scaffold promotes equivalent tissue integration and supports skin grafts compared to a predicate collagen scaffold. Wound Repair Regen 2021; 29:1035-1050. [PMID: 34129714 DOI: 10.1111/wrr.12951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Revised: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Dermal scarring from motor vehicle accidents, severe burns, military blasts, etc. is a major problem affecting over 80 million people worldwide annually, many of whom suffer from debilitating hypertrophic scar contractures. These stiff, shrunken scars limit mobility, impact quality of life, and cost millions of dollars each year in surgical treatment and physical therapy. Current tissue engineered scaffolds have mechanical properties akin to unwounded skin, but these collagen-based scaffolds rapidly degrade over 2 months, premature to dampen contracture occurring 6-12 months after injury. This study demonstrates a tissue engineered scaffold can be manufactured from a slow-degrading viscoelastic copolymer, poly(ι-lactide-co-ε-caprolactone), with physical and mechanical characteristics to promote tissue ingrowth and support skin-grafts. Copolymers were synthesized via ring-opening polymerization. Solvent casting/particulate leaching was used to manufacture 3D porous scaffolds by mixing copolymers with particles in an organic solvent followed by casting into molds and subsequent particle leaching with water. Scaffolds characterized through SEM, micro-CT, and tensile testing confirmed the required thickness, pore size, porosity, modulus, and strength for promoting skin-graft bioincorporation and dampening fibrosis in vivo. Scaffolds were Oxygen Plasma Treatment and collagen coated to encourage cellular proliferation. Porosity ranging from 70% to 90% was investigated in a subcutaneous murine model and found to have no clinical effect on tissue ingrowth. A swine full-thickness skin wound model confirmed through histology and Computer Planimetry that scaffolds promote skin-graft survival, with or without collagen coating, with equal safety and efficacy as a commercially available tissue engineered scaffold. This study validates a scalable method to create poly(ι-lactide-co-ε-caprolactone) scaffolds with appropriate characteristics and confirms in mouse and swine wound models that the scaffolds are safe and effective at supporting skin-grafts. The results of this study have brought us closer towards developing an alternative technology that supports skin grafts with the potential to investigate long-term hypertrophic scar contractures.
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Affiliation(s)
- David S Ruppert
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Mahmoud M Mohammed
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Mohamed M Ibrahim
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Emilio O Bachtiar
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Edmund T. Pratt Jr. School of Engineering, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Kevin Erning
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Kayvan Ansari
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Jeffrey I Everitt
- Department of Pathology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - David Brown
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Bruce Klitzman
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - William Koshut
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Edmund T. Pratt Jr. School of Engineering, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Ken Gall
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Edmund T. Pratt Jr. School of Engineering, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Howard Levinson
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA.,Department of Pathology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA
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Ekram B, Abd El-Hady BM, El-Kady AM, Fouad MT, Sadek ZI, Amr SM, Gabr H, Waly AI, Guirguis OW. Enhanced mesenchymal stem cells growth on antibacterial microgrooved electrospun zinc chloride/polycaprolactone conduits for peripheral nerve regeneration. J BIOACT COMPAT POL 2021. [DOI: 10.1177/0883911520988305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we have investigated the effect of adding zinc chloride (ZnCl2) on polycaprolactone (PCL) before and after electrospinning. The rheological properties and conductivity of ZnCl2/PCL solutions were measured prior to the electrospinning process. The resultant electrospun mats were characterized by SEM, contact angle, FTIR, XRD, mechanical properties, as well as its antibacterial and stem cell proliferation assessment were tested. It was found that the fibers became finer by increasing the zinc salt content. Moreover, stability increased slightly up to 5% Zn-PCL and also the hydrophilicity has been enhanced by 52%. By adding ZnCl2, the degradation rate and mechanical properties were significantly increased. Also, the resultant mats have shown antibacterial properties against S. aureus than E. coli. From the stem cells proliferation study, it can be observed that by increasing ZnCl2, the stem cells proliferation was significantly increased. Grooved multichannel nerve conduits were successfully fabricated by rolling the electrospun mats produced on corn husks which has shown better cell alignment and attachment. Hence, adding zinc chloride is a facile biocompatible enhancement to polycaprolactone nanofibers to be used in nerve regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Basma Ekram
- Polymers and Pigments Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
| | | | - Abeer M El-Kady
- Glass Research Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed T Fouad
- Dairy Science Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Zeinab I Sadek
- Dairy Science Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Sherif M Amr
- Orthopaedics and Traumatology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Manial, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hala Gabr
- Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Manial, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed I Waly
- Textile Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Osiris W Guirguis
- Biophysics Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, Cairo, Egypt
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Pangesty AI, Arahira T, Todo M. Characterization of Tensile Mechanical Behavior of MSCs/PLCL Hybrid Layered Sheet. J Funct Biomater 2016; 7:jfb7020014. [PMID: 27271675 PMCID: PMC4932471 DOI: 10.3390/jfb7020014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2016] [Revised: 05/19/2016] [Accepted: 05/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A layered construct was developed by combining a porous polymer sheet and a cell sheet as a tissue engineered vascular patch. The primary objective of this study is to investigate the influence of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) sheet on the tensile mechanical properties of porous poly-(l-lactide-co-ε-caprolactone) (PLCL) sheet. The porous PLCL sheet was fabricated by the solid-liquid phase separation method and the following freeze-drying method. The MSCs sheet, prepared by the temperature-responsive dish, was then layered on the top of the PLCL sheet and cultured for 2 weeks. During the in vitro study, cellular properties such as cell infiltration, spreading and proliferation were evaluated. Tensile test of the layered construct was performed periodically to characterize the tensile mechanical behavior. The tensile properties were then correlated with the cellular properties to understand the effect of MSCs sheet on the variation of the mechanical behavior during the in vitro study. It was found that MSCs from the cell sheet were able to migrate into the PLCL sheet and actively proliferated into the porous structure then formed a new layer of MSCs on the opposite surface of the PLCL sheet. Mechanical evaluation revealed that the PLCL sheet with MSCs showed enhancement of tensile strength and strain energy density at the first week of culture which is characterized as the effect of MSCs proliferation and its infiltration into the porous structure of the PLCL sheet. New technique was presented to develop tissue engineered patch by combining MSCs sheet and porous PLCL sheet, and it is expected that the layered patch may prolong biomechanical stability when implanted in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azizah Intan Pangesty
- Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Engineering Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 816-8580, Japan.
| | | | - Mitsugu Todo
- Research Institute for Applied Mechanics, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 816-8580, Japan.
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Liu W, Zhan J, Su Y, Wu T, Wu C, Ramakrishna S, Mo X, Al-Deyab SS, El-Newehy M. Effects of plasma treatment to nanofibers on initial cell adhesion and cell morphology. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2014; 113:101-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2013.08.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2013] [Revised: 08/08/2013] [Accepted: 08/26/2013] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
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