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Seims KB, Hunt NK, Chow LW. Strategies to Control or Mimic Growth Factor Activity for Bone, Cartilage, and Osteochondral Tissue Engineering. Bioconjug Chem 2021; 32:861-878. [PMID: 33856777 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.1c00090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Growth factors play a critical role in tissue repair and regeneration. However, their clinical success is limited by their low stability, short half-life, and rapid diffusion from the delivery site. Supraphysiological growth factor concentrations are often required to demonstrate efficacy but can lead to adverse reactions, such as inflammatory complications and increased cancer risk. These issues have motivated the development of delivery systems that enable sustained release and controlled presentation of growth factors. This review specifically focuses on bioconjugation strategies to enhance growth factor activity for bone, cartilage, and osteochondral applications. We describe approaches to localize growth factors using noncovalent and covalent methods, bind growth factors via peptides, and mimic growth factor function with mimetic peptide sequences. We also discuss emerging and future directions to control spatiotemporal growth factor delivery to improve functional tissue repair and regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly B Seims
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015, United States
| | - Natasha K Hunt
- Department of Bioengineering, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015, United States
| | - Lesley W Chow
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015, United States
- Department of Bioengineering, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015, United States
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Xing F, Zhou C, Hui D, Du C, Wu L, Wang L, Wang W, Pu X, Gu L, Liu L, Xiang Z, Zhang X. Hyaluronic acid as a bioactive component for bone tissue regeneration: Fabrication, modification, properties, and biological functions. NANOTECHNOLOGY REVIEWS 2020. [DOI: 10.1515/ntrev-2020-0084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Hyaluronic acid (HA) is widely distributed in the human body, and it is heavily involved in many physiological functions such as tissue hydration, wound repair, and cell migration. In recent years, HA and its derivatives have been widely used as advanced bioactive polymers for bone regeneration. Many medical products containing HA have been developed because this natural polymer has been proven to be nontoxic, noninflammatory, biodegradable, and biocompatible. Moreover, HA-based composite scaffolds have shown good potential for promoting osteogenesis and mineralization. Recently, many HA-based biomaterials have been fabricated for bone regeneration by combining with electrospinning and 3D printing technology. In this review, the polymer structures, processing, properties, and applications in bone tissue engineering are summarized. The challenges and prospects of HA polymers are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Xing
- Department of Orthopaedics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University , 610041 , Chengdu , China
| | - Changchun Zhou
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University , 610064 , Chengdu , China
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University , 610064 , Chengdu , China
| | - Didi Hui
- Innovatus Oral Cosmetic & Surgical Institute , Norman , OK, 73069 , United States of America
| | - Colin Du
- Innovatus Oral Cosmetic & Surgical Institute , Norman , OK, 73069 , United States of America
| | - Lina Wu
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University , 610064 , Chengdu , China
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University , 610064 , Chengdu , China
| | - Linnan Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University , 610041 , Chengdu , China
| | - Wenzhao Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University , 610041 , Chengdu , China
| | - Xiaobing Pu
- Department of Orthopedics Medical Center, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University , Chengdu , Sichuan , China
| | - Linxia Gu
- Department of Biomedical and Chemical Engineering and Sciences, College of Engineering & Science, Florida Institute of Technology , Melbourne , FL, 32901 , United States of America
| | - Lei Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University , 610041 , Chengdu , China
| | - Zhou Xiang
- Department of Orthopaedics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University , 610041 , Chengdu , China
| | - Xingdong Zhang
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University , 610064 , Chengdu , China
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University , 610064 , Chengdu , China
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Gong Y, Zhang Y, Cao Z, Ye F, Lin Z, Li Y. Development of CaCO 3 microsphere-based composite hydrogel for dual delivery of growth factor and Ca to enhance bone regeneration. Biomater Sci 2020; 7:3614-3626. [PMID: 31210206 DOI: 10.1039/c9bm00463g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Injectable scaffolds have attracted much attention because of their minimum surgical invasiveness. However, limited osteogenic induction property and low mechanical properties hampered their application in bone tissue engineering. CaCO3 microspheres, which possess osteoinductivity, rough surfaces and specific binding sites for BMP-2, were first fabricated; after BMP-2 uploading, microspheres were further entrapped in fibrin-glue hydrogel. CaCO3 microspheres were co-functionalized with casein and heparin. To obtain a high encapsulation of heparin and thus BMP-2 uploading, along with controlled release and simultaneous maintenance of the presence of vaterite which had osteogenic induction property, fabrication parameters were optimized and microspheres were characterized using XRD, FITR and SEM. The formed CaCO3 had a microsphere morphology of ∼1 μm. Both vaterite and calcite phases were present and the relative amount of calcite phase increased with the amount of heparin. Sample 25 mM_4-1Hep with the highest loading amount of heparin was selected as carrier for BMP-2 and BMP-2 loaded CaCO3 microspheres were further entrapped in fibrin-glue hydrogel (FC-B). For the as-prepared composite hydrogel, mechanical properties were characterized and the presence of CaCO3 significantly elevated the tensile strength; controlled release of BMP-2 was sustained until day 21. Based on ALP activity, alizarin red staining and RT-PCR, in vitro osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) was found to be significantly enhanced under induction of FC-B. Rabbit tibia bone defect model was applied to evaluate its in vivo performance. After implantation for 4 weeks, presence of composite hydrogel was observed in defects. After 8 weeks, bone defects of FC-B group were nearly completely healed. Using the fact that autologous scaffolds can be derived based on fibrin-glue hydrogel, the well-designed BMP-2 loaded fibrin-glue composite hydrogel demonstrated good potential in bone tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yihong Gong
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Sensor Technology and Biomedical Instrument, School of Biomedical Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P.R. China.
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Zhai P, Peng X, Li B, Liu Y, Sun H, Li X. The application of hyaluronic acid in bone regeneration. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 151:1224-1239. [PMID: 31751713 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.10.169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 175] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2019] [Revised: 10/12/2019] [Accepted: 10/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Hyaluronic acid (HA) exists naturally as an important component of the extracellular matrix (ECM) in the human body. In recent decades, HA has been widely used in bone regeneration, and is currently a popular topic, particularly in the craniofacial and dental fields. From maxilla augmentation to craniofacial bone trauma, there is now a large demand for bone regenerative therapy. Serving as a cell-seeding scaffold or a carrier for bioactive components, hyaluronic acid-incorporated scaffolds and carriers in bone regeneration can be fabricated into either rigid or colloidal forms. Since the type of material used is a critical factor in the biological properties of a scaffold, HA derivatives or HA-incorporated composite scaffolds have shown excellent potential for improving osteogenesis and mineralization. Furthermore, in order to better enhance osteogenesis, local delivery carriers based on hyaluronic acid derivatives, rather than specifically serving as scaffolds, can be established by loading different osteoinductive or osteogenetic components and acquiring different release patterns. Such osteoinductive carriers immobilized on implant surfaces are also effective in improving osseointegration. Thus, as such a competent biomaterial, hyaluronic acid should be considered a promising tool in bone regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peisong Zhai
- Department of Endodontics, School of Stomotology, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, PR China
| | - Xiaoxing Peng
- Radiology Department of Hospital Attached to Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, PR China
| | - Baoquan Li
- Department of Endodontics, School of Stomotology, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, PR China
| | - Yiping Liu
- Department of Endodontics, School of Stomotology, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, PR China
| | - Hongchen Sun
- Department of Endodontics, School of Stomotology, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, PR China
| | - Xiangwei Li
- Department of Endodontics, School of Stomotology, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, PR China.
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