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Liu Y, Park J, Lim S, Duan R, Lee DY, Choi D, Choi DK, Rhie B, Cho SY, Ryu H, Ahn SH. Tho2-mediated escort of Nrd1 regulates the expression of aging-related genes. Aging Cell 2024; 23:e14203. [PMID: 38769776 PMCID: PMC11320360 DOI: 10.1111/acel.14203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024] Open
Abstract
The relationship between aging and RNA biogenesis and trafficking is attracting growing interest, yet the precise mechanisms are unknown. The THO complex is crucial for mRNA cotranscriptional maturation and export. Herein, we report that the THO complex is closely linked to the regulation of lifespan. Deficiencies in Hpr1 and Tho2, components of the THO complex, reduced replicative lifespan (RLS) and are linked to a novel Sir2-independent RLS control pathway. Although transcript sequestration in hpr1Δ or tho2Δ mutants was countered by exosome component Rrp6, loss of this failed to mitigate RLS defects in hpr1Δ. However, RLS impairment in hpr1Δ or tho2Δ was counteracted by the additional expression of Nrd1-specific mutants that interacted with Rrp6. This effect relied on the interaction of Nrd1, a transcriptional regulator of aging-related genes, including ribosome biogenesis or RNA metabolism genes, with RNA polymerase II. Nrd1 overexpression reduced RLS in a Tho2-dependent pathway. Intriguingly, Tho2 deletion mirrored Nrd1 overexpression effects by inducing arbitrary Nrd1 chromatin binding. Furthermore, our genome-wide ChIP-seq analysis revealed an increase in the recruitment of Nrd1 to translation-associated genes, known to be related to aging, upon Tho2 loss. Taken together, these findings underscore the importance of Tho2-mediated Nrd1 escorting in the regulation of lifespan pathway through transcriptional regulation of aging-related genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Liu
- Department of Molecular and Life Science, College of Science and Convergence TechnologyHanyang UniversityAnsanRepublic of Korea
| | - Jeong‐Min Park
- KNU LAMP Research Center, KNU Institute of Basic Sciences, School of Life Sciences, BK21 FOUR KNU Creative BioResearch Group, College of Natural SciencesKyungpook National UniversityDaeguRepublic of Korea
| | - Suji Lim
- Department of Molecular and Life Science, College of Science and Convergence TechnologyHanyang UniversityAnsanRepublic of Korea
| | - Ruxin Duan
- Department of Molecular and Life Science, College of Science and Convergence TechnologyHanyang UniversityAnsanRepublic of Korea
| | - Do Yoon Lee
- KNU LAMP Research Center, KNU Institute of Basic Sciences, School of Life Sciences, BK21 FOUR KNU Creative BioResearch Group, College of Natural SciencesKyungpook National UniversityDaeguRepublic of Korea
| | - Dahee Choi
- KNU LAMP Research Center, KNU Institute of Basic Sciences, School of Life Sciences, BK21 FOUR KNU Creative BioResearch Group, College of Natural SciencesKyungpook National UniversityDaeguRepublic of Korea
| | - Dong Kyu Choi
- School of Life Sciences, BK21 FOUR KNU Creative BioResearch Group, College of Natural SciencesKyungpook National UniversityDaeguRepublic of Korea
| | - Byung‐Ho Rhie
- Department of Molecular and Life Science, College of Science and Convergence TechnologyHanyang UniversityAnsanRepublic of Korea
| | - Soo Young Cho
- Department of Molecular and Life Science, College of Science and Convergence TechnologyHanyang UniversityAnsanRepublic of Korea
| | - Hong‐Yeoul Ryu
- KNU LAMP Research Center, KNU Institute of Basic Sciences, School of Life Sciences, BK21 FOUR KNU Creative BioResearch Group, College of Natural SciencesKyungpook National UniversityDaeguRepublic of Korea
| | - Seong Hoon Ahn
- Department of Molecular and Life Science, College of Science and Convergence TechnologyHanyang UniversityAnsanRepublic of Korea
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Miotelo L, Ferro M, Maloni G, Otero IVR, Nocelli RCF, Bacci M, Malaspina O. Transcriptomic analysis of Malpighian tubules from the stingless bee Melipona scutellaris reveals thiamethoxam-induced damages. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 850:158086. [PMID: 35985603 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.158086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The concern about pesticide exposure to neotropical bees has been increasing in the last few years, and knowledge gaps have been identified. Although stingless bees, (e.g.: Melipona scutellaris), are more diverse than honeybees and they stand out in the pollination of several valuable economical crops, toxicity assessments with stingless bees are still scarce. Nowadays new approaches in ecotoxicological studies, such as omic analysis, were pointed out as a strategy to reveal mechanisms of how bees deal with these stressors. To date, no molecular techniques have been applied for the evaluation of target and/or non-target organs in stingless bees, such as the Malpighian tubules (Mt). Therefore, in the present study, we evaluated the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the Mt of M. scutellaris after one and eight days of exposure to LC50/100 (0.000543 ng a.i./μL) of thiamethoxam (TMX). Through functional annotation analysis of four transcriptome libraries, the time course line approach revealed 237 DEGs (nine clusters) associated with carbon/energy metabolism and cellular processes (lysosomes, autophagy, and glycan degradation). The expression profiles of Mt were altered by TMX in processes, such as detoxification, excretion, tissue regeneration, oxidative stress, apoptosis, and DNA repair. Transcriptome analysis showed that cell metabolism in Mt was mainly affected after 8 days of exposure. Nine genes were selected from different clusters and validated by RT-qPCR. According to our findings, TMX promotes several types of damage in Mt cells at the molecular level. Therefore, interference of different cellular processes directly affects the health of M. scutellaris by compromising the function of Mt.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Miotelo
- Department of General and Applied Biology, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Rio Claro, SP, Brazil.
| | - Milene Ferro
- Department of General and Applied Biology, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Rio Claro, SP, Brazil
| | - Geovana Maloni
- Department of General and Applied Biology, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Rio Claro, SP, Brazil
| | - Igor Vinicius Ramos Otero
- Department of General and Applied Biology, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Rio Claro, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Mauricio Bacci
- Department of General and Applied Biology, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Rio Claro, SP, Brazil
| | - Osmar Malaspina
- Department of General and Applied Biology, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Rio Claro, SP, Brazil
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Park HS, Lee J, Lee HS, Ahn SH, Ryu HY. Nuclear mRNA Export and Aging. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:5451. [PMID: 35628261 PMCID: PMC9142925 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23105451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The relationship between transcription and aging is one that has been studied intensively and experimentally with diverse attempts. However, the impact of the nuclear mRNA export on the aging process following its transcription is still poorly understood, although the nuclear events after transcription are coupled closely with the transcription pathway because the essential factors required for mRNA transport, namely TREX, TREX-2, and nuclear pore complex (NPC), physically and functionally interact with various transcription factors, including the activator/repressor and pre-mRNA processing factors. Dysregulation of the mediating factors for mRNA export from the nucleus generally leads to the aberrant accumulation of nuclear mRNA and further impairment in the vegetative growth and normal lifespan and the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases. The optimal stoichiometry and density of NPC are destroyed during the process of cellular aging, and their damage triggers a defect of function in the nuclear permeability barrier. This review describes recent findings regarding the role of the nuclear mRNA export in cellular aging and age-related neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun-Sun Park
- Department of Biochemistry, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan 50834, Korea;
| | - Jongbok Lee
- Department of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Hongik University, 2639, Sejong-ro, Jochiwon-eup, Sejong-si 30016, Korea;
| | - Hyun-Shik Lee
- BK21 FOUR KNU Creative BioResearch Group, School of Life Sciences, College of National Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea;
| | - Seong Hoon Ahn
- Department of Molecular and Life Science, College of Science and Convergence Technology, ERICA Campus, Hanyang University, Ansan 15588, Korea
| | - Hong-Yeoul Ryu
- BK21 FOUR KNU Creative BioResearch Group, School of Life Sciences, College of National Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea;
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Zhang G, Tu S, Yu T, Zhang XO, Parhad SS, Weng Z, Theurkauf WE. Co-dependent Assembly of Drosophila piRNA Precursor Complexes and piRNA Cluster Heterochromatin. Cell Rep 2019; 24:3413-3422.e4. [PMID: 30257203 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2018.08.081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2018] [Revised: 07/20/2018] [Accepted: 08/24/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
Abstract
In Drosophila, the piRNAs that guide germline transposon silencing are produced from heterochromatic clusters marked by the HP1 homolog Rhino. We show that Rhino promotes cluster transcript association with UAP56 and the THO complex, forming RNA-protein assemblies that are unique to piRNA precursors. UAP56 and THO are ubiquitous RNA-processing factors, and null alleles of uap56 and the THO subunit gene tho2 are lethal. However, uap56sz15 and mutations in the THO subunit genes thoc5 and thoc7 are viable but sterile and disrupt piRNA biogenesis. The uap56sz15 allele reduces UAP56 binding to THO, and the thoc5 and thoc7 mutations disrupt interactions among the remaining THO subunits and UAP56 binding to the core THO subunit Hpr1. These mutations also reduce Rhino binding to clusters and trigger Rhino binding to ectopic sites across the genome. Rhino thus promotes assembly of piRNA precursor complexes, and these complexes restrict Rhino at cluster heterochromatin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gen Zhang
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, 373 Plantation Street, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Shikui Tu
- Program in Bioinformatics and Integrative Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, 373 Plantation Street, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Tianxiong Yu
- Program in Bioinformatics and Integrative Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, 373 Plantation Street, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Xiao-Ou Zhang
- Program in Bioinformatics and Integrative Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, 373 Plantation Street, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Swapnil S Parhad
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, 373 Plantation Street, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Zhiping Weng
- Program in Bioinformatics and Integrative Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, 373 Plantation Street, Worcester, MA 01605, USA.
| | - William E Theurkauf
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, 373 Plantation Street, Worcester, MA 01605, USA.
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Hur JK, Luo Y, Moon S, Ninova M, Marinov GK, Chung YD, Aravin AA. Splicing-independent loading of TREX on nascent RNA is required for efficient expression of dual-strand piRNA clusters in Drosophila. Genes Dev 2016; 30:840-55. [PMID: 27036967 PMCID: PMC4826399 DOI: 10.1101/gad.276030.115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2015] [Accepted: 03/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
In this study, Hur et al. identified a novel function for the TREX complex, which is critical for pre-mRNA processing and mRNA nuclear export. They found that Thoc5 and other TREX components are essential for the biogenesis of noncoding RNA and delineate a novel mechanism for TREX loading on nascent RNA. The conserved THO/TREX (transcription/export) complex is critical for pre-mRNA processing and mRNA nuclear export. In metazoa, TREX is loaded on nascent RNA transcribed by RNA polymerase II in a splicing-dependent fashion; however, how TREX functions is poorly understood. Here we show that Thoc5 and other TREX components are essential for the biogenesis of piRNA, a distinct class of small noncoding RNAs that control expression of transposable elements (TEs) in the Drosophila germline. Mutations in TREX lead to defects in piRNA biogenesis, resulting in derepression of multiple TE families, gametogenesis defects, and sterility. TREX components are enriched on piRNA precursors transcribed from dual-strand piRNA clusters and colocalize in distinct nuclear foci that overlap with sites of piRNA transcription. The localization of TREX in nuclear foci and its loading on piRNA precursor transcripts depend on Cutoff, a protein associated with chromatin of piRNA clusters. Finally, we show that TREX is required for accumulation of nascent piRNA precursors. Our study reveals a novel splicing-independent mechanism for TREX loading on nascent RNA and its importance in piRNA biogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junho K Hur
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | - Yicheng Luo
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | - Sungjin Moon
- Department of Life Science, University of Seoul, Seoul 130-743, Korea
| | - Maria Ninova
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | - Georgi K Marinov
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | - Yun D Chung
- Department of Life Science, University of Seoul, Seoul 130-743, Korea
| | - Alexei A Aravin
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
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Moon S, Chung YD. p53 and PI3K/AKT signalings are up-regulated in flies with defects in the THO complex. Mol Cells 2013; 35:261-8. [PMID: 23475424 PMCID: PMC3887910 DOI: 10.1007/s10059-013-0009-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2013] [Revised: 01/24/2013] [Accepted: 01/28/2013] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The THO complex (THO) is an evolutionary conserved protein required for the formation of export-competent mRNP. The growing evidence indicates that the metazoan THO plays important roles in cell differentiation and cellular stress response. But the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. Herein we examined the relevance of THO to cellular signaling pathways involved in cell differentiation and cellular stress response. When we examined the endogenous p53 level in the testis, it was sustained much longer during spermatogenesis in the THO mutant compared to that of wild-type. In flies with impaired THO, overexpression of p53 by eye-specific GAL4 not only enhanced p53-mediated retinal degeneration, but p53 level was also elevated compared to the control flies. Since the body size of the THO mutant flies was significantly larger than control flies, we also examined whether the PI3K/AKT signaling is enhanced in the mutant flies. The results showed that the endogenous level of phosphorylated AKT, which is the active form, was highly elevated in the THO mutants. Taken together our results suggested that both p53 and PI3K/AKT signalings are up-regulated in the flies with impaired THO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sungjin Moon
- Department of Life Science, University of Seoul, Seoul 130–743,
Korea
| | - Yun Doo Chung
- Department of Life Science, University of Seoul, Seoul 130–743,
Korea
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Moon S, Cho B, Min SH, Lee D, Chung YD. The THO complex is required for nucleolar integrity in Drosophila spermatocytes. Development 2011; 138:3835-45. [PMID: 21828100 DOI: 10.1242/dev.056945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The THO complex is a conserved multisubunit protein complex that functions in the formation of export-competent messenger ribonucleoprotein (mRNP). Although the complex has been studied extensively at the single-cell level, its exact role at the multicellular organism level has been poorly understood. Here, we isolated a novel Drosophila male sterile mutant, garmcho (garm). Positional cloning indicated that garm encodes a subunit of the Drosophila THO complex, THOC5. Flies lacking THOC5 showed a meiotic arrest phenotype with severe nucleolar disruption in primary spermatocytes. A functional GFP-tagged fusion protein, THOC5-GFP, revealed a unique pattern of THOC5 localization near the nucleolus. The nucleolar distribution of a testis-specific TATA binding protein (TBP)-associated factor (tTAF), SA, which is required for the expression of genes responsible for sperm differentiation, was severely disrupted in mutant testes lacking THOC5. But THOC5 appeared to be largely dispensable for the expression and nuclear export of either tTAF target mRNAs or tTAF-independent mRNAs. Taken together, our study suggests that the Drosophila THO complex is necessary for proper spermatogenesis by contribution to the establishment or maintenance of nucleolar integrity rather than by nuclear mRNA export in spermatocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sungjin Moon
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Seoul, Seoul, 130-743, Korea
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