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Hacker UT, Bentler M, Kaniowska D, Morgan M, Büning H. Towards Clinical Implementation of Adeno-Associated Virus (AAV) Vectors for Cancer Gene Therapy: Current Status and Future Perspectives. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:E1889. [PMID: 32674264 PMCID: PMC7409174 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12071889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Revised: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Adeno-associated virus (AAV) vectors have gained tremendous attention as in vivo delivery systems in gene therapy for inherited monogenetic diseases. First market approvals, excellent safety data, availability of large-scale production protocols, and the possibility to tailor the vector towards optimized and cell-type specific gene transfer offers to move from (ultra) rare to common diseases. Cancer, a major health burden for which novel therapeutic options are urgently needed, represents such a target. We here provide an up-to-date overview of the strategies which are currently developed for the use of AAV vectors in cancer gene therapy and discuss the perspectives for the future translation of these pre-clinical approaches into the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulrich T. Hacker
- Department of Oncology, Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Pulmonology, and Infectious Diseases, University Cancer Center Leipzig (UCCL), Leipzig University Medical Center, 04103 Leipzig, Germany;
- Institute of Experimental Hematology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany; (M.B.); (M.M.)
| | - Martin Bentler
- Institute of Experimental Hematology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany; (M.B.); (M.M.)
| | - Dorota Kaniowska
- Department of Oncology, Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Pulmonology, and Infectious Diseases, University Cancer Center Leipzig (UCCL), Leipzig University Medical Center, 04103 Leipzig, Germany;
| | - Michael Morgan
- Institute of Experimental Hematology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany; (M.B.); (M.M.)
- REBIRTH Research Center for Translational Regenerative Medicine, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Hildegard Büning
- Institute of Experimental Hematology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany; (M.B.); (M.M.)
- REBIRTH Research Center for Translational Regenerative Medicine, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Hannover-Braunschweig, Inhoffenstraße 7, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany
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Yang M, Wang M, Li X, Xie Y, Xia X, Tian J, Zhang K, Chen F, Song H, Dong Z, Tang A. Inhibition of constructed SEC3-ES lentiviral vector to proliferation, migration of Hela cells. Pathol Res Pract 2018; 215:315-321. [PMID: 30554865 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2018.10.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2018] [Revised: 09/23/2018] [Accepted: 10/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
AIM To construct a lentiviral vector with endostatin (ES) and staphylococcal enterotoxin C3(SEC3) gene, and investigate its capacities of inhibition on proliferation and migration of Hela cells. METHODS By inserting ES and SEC3 gene into the plasmid and then transfect 293 T cell, the co-expressed (SEC3-ES) vector were constructed. A series of experiments in vitro were carried out to detect its anti-tumor capacity. RESULTS SEC3 expression of the vector is about 3 times of GV365-SEC3 vector, and ES expression is over 22.5-fold compared with GV365-ES vector. Moreover, OD490 value of CO group (1.212 ± 0.003) was notably lower than NC (negative control) group (1.124 ± 0.01) (P < 0.05) in MTT assay. Cell cycle analysis showed it could block Hela cells in S phase. Meanwhile, in wound healing assay, cells of CO group migrated at a slower rate (0.59 ± 0.02) compared with NC group (0.65 ± 0.02)(P < 0.01). CONCLUSION The successful construction of co-expressed vector lays the foundation for further studies in vivo. These promising results suggest a new strategy to treating cervical cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Yang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China; Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, China
| | - Min Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China.
| | - Xianping Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Yixin Xie
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Xiaomeng Xia
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Jingjing Tian
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Kan Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Fang Chen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Huan Song
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Zhihui Dong
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Aiguo Tang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
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Mohajeri A, Sanaei S, Kiafar F, Fattahi A, Khalili M, Zarghami N. The Challenges of Recombinant Endostatin in Clinical Application: Focus on the Different Expression Systems and Molecular Bioengineering. Adv Pharm Bull 2017; 7:21-34. [PMID: 28507934 PMCID: PMC5426730 DOI: 10.15171/apb.2017.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2016] [Revised: 02/01/2017] [Accepted: 02/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Angiogenesis plays an essential role in rapid growing and metastasis of the tumors. Inhibition of angiogenesis is a putative strategy for cancer therapy. Endostatin (Es) is an attractive anti-angiogenesis protein with some clinical application challenges including; short half-life, instability in serum and requirement to high dosage. Therefore, production of recombinant endostatin (rEs) is necessary in large scale. The production of rEs is difficult because of its structural properties and is high-cost. Therefore, this review focused on the different expression systems that involved in rEs production including; mammalian, baculovirus, yeast, and Escherichia coli (E. coli) expression systems. The evaluating of the results of different expression systems declared that none of the mentioned systems can be considered to be generally superior to the other. Meanwhile with considering the advantages and disadvantage of E. coli expression system compared with other systems beside the molecular properties of Es, E. coli expression system can be a preferred expression system for expressing of the Es in large scale. Also, the molecular bioengineering and sustained release formulations that lead to improving of its stability and bioactivity will be discussed. Point mutation (P125A) of Es, addition of RGD moiety or an additional zinc biding site to N-terminal of Es , fusing of Es to anti-HER2 IgG or heavy-chain of IgG, and finally loading of the endostar by PLGA and PEG- PLGA nanoparticles and gold nano-shell particles are the effective bioengineering methods to overcome to clinical changes of endostatin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abbas Mohajeri
- Department of Biotechnology, Zahravi Pharmaceutical Company, Tabriz, Iran.,Tuberculosis and Lung Disease Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Sarvin Sanaei
- Tuberculosis and Lung Disease Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Farhad Kiafar
- Department of Biotechnology, Zahravi Pharmaceutical Company, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Amir Fattahi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Majid Khalili
- Department of Basic Science, Maragheh University of Medical Sciences, Maragheh, Iran
| | - Nosratollah Zarghami
- Tuberculosis and Lung Disease Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences,Tabriz, Iran
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Santiago-Ortiz JL, Schaffer DV. Adeno-associated virus (AAV) vectors in cancer gene therapy. J Control Release 2016; 240:287-301. [PMID: 26796040 PMCID: PMC4940329 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2016.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2015] [Revised: 12/08/2015] [Accepted: 01/02/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Gene delivery vectors based on adeno-associated virus (AAV) have been utilized in a large number of gene therapy clinical trials, which have demonstrated their strong safety profile and increasingly their therapeutic efficacy for treating monogenic diseases. For cancer applications, AAV vectors have been harnessed for delivery of an extensive repertoire of transgenes to preclinical models and, more recently, clinical trials involving certain cancers. This review describes the applications of AAV vectors to cancer models and presents developments in vector engineering and payload design aimed at tailoring AAV vectors for transduction and treatment of cancer cells. We also discuss the current status of AAV clinical development in oncology and future directions for AAV in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge L Santiago-Ortiz
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - David V Schaffer
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA; Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA; Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA; The Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA.
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Endostatin gene therapy inhibits intratumoral macrophage M2 polarization. Biomed Pharmacother 2016; 79:102-11. [PMID: 27044818 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2016.01.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2015] [Revised: 01/27/2016] [Accepted: 01/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is a highly vascularized cancer resistant to chemotherapy and radiotherapy. RCC is frequently infiltrated with immune cells, with macrophages being the most abundant cell type. Alternatively activated M2 macrophages are known to contribute to tumor progression. Endostatin (ES) is a fragment of collagen XVIII that possesses antiangiogenic activity. In this study, we investigated the impact of ES gene therapy on the polarization of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) in lung metastases from tumor-bearing mice. METHODS BALB/c mice divided into three groups: Normal, Control and ES-treated. Tumor-bearing mice were treated with ES-transduced cells or control cells over ten days. At the end of the study, plasma was collected, and pulmonary macrophages were isolated and used for FACS or RT-PCR. ELISA tests were used to analyze plasma and cell culture supernatant cytokines. RESULTS ES treatment significantly reduced the levels of anti-inflammatory and pro-angiogenic cytokines, including IL4, IL-10, IL-13 and VEGF. Gene expression of M2 markers, such as IL-10, Arg-1, VEGF and YM-1, declined significantly. Flow cytometry showed a reduction in the number of M2 F4/80+CD36+CD206+CD209+ macrophages and in IL-10 secretion by these cells. Reduced levels of IL-10 were also found in the culture supernatants of the ES-treated group. CONCLUSIONS Our research corroborates previous observations that ES has an important anti-tumoral role. However, aside from promoting interferon-ɤ secretion and an effective T cell response, we show here that this switch is extended to TAMs, complicating the maintenance of pro-tumorigenic M2 macrophages and thus favoring tumor elimination.
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Walia A, Yang JF, Huang YH, Rosenblatt MI, Chang JH, Azar DT. Endostatin's emerging roles in angiogenesis, lymphangiogenesis, disease, and clinical applications. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 2015; 1850:2422-38. [PMID: 26367079 PMCID: PMC4624607 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2015.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2015] [Revised: 09/02/2015] [Accepted: 09/10/2015] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Angiogenesis is the process of neovascularization from pre-existing vasculature and is involved in various physiological and pathological processes. Inhibitors of angiogenesis, administered either as individual drugs or in combination with other chemotherapy, have been shown to benefit patients with various cancers. Endostatin, a 20-kDa C-terminal fragment of type XVIII collagen, is one of the most potent inhibitors of angiogenesis. SCOPE OF REVIEW We discuss the biology behind endostatin in the context of its endogenous production, the various receptors to which it binds, and the mechanisms by which it acts. We focus on its inhibitory role in angiogenesis, lymphangiogenesis, and cancer metastasis. We also present emerging clinical applications for endostatin and its potential as a therapeutic agent in the form a short peptide. MAJOR CONCLUSIONS The delicate balance between pro- and anti-angiogenic factors can be modulated to result in physiological wound healing or pathological tumor metastasis. Research in the last decade has emphasized an emerging clinical potential for endostatin as a biomarker and as a therapeutic short peptide. Moreover, elevated or depressed endostatin levels in diseased states may help explain the pathophysiological mechanisms of the particular disease. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE Endostatin was once sought after as the 'be all and end all' for cancer treatment; however, research throughout the last decade has made it apparent that endostatin's effects are complex and involve multiple mechanisms. A better understanding of newly discovered mechanisms and clinical applications still has the potential to lead to future advances in the use of endostatin in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit Walia
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Illinois Eye and Ear Infirmary, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Jessica F Yang
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Illinois Eye and Ear Infirmary, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Yu-Hui Huang
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Illinois Eye and Ear Infirmary, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Mark I Rosenblatt
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Illinois Eye and Ear Infirmary, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Jin-Hong Chang
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Illinois Eye and Ear Infirmary, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
| | - Dimitri T Azar
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Illinois Eye and Ear Infirmary, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
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Ge H, Tian P, Guan L, Yin X, Liu H, Xiao N, Xiong Y, Luo X, Sun Y, Qi D, Ni S, Liu P. A C-terminal fragment BIGH3 protein with an RGDRGD motif inhibits corneal neovascularization in vitro and in vivo. Exp Eye Res 2013; 112:10-20. [DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2013.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2012] [Revised: 02/08/2013] [Accepted: 03/20/2013] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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Wang C, Wang W, Wang J, Zhan H, Jiang L, Yan R, Hou Z, Zhu H, Yu L, Shi Y, Ding M, Ke C. Apoptin induces apoptosis in nude mice allograft model of human bladder cancer by altering multiple bladder tumor-associated gene expression profiles. Tumour Biol 2013; 34:1667-78. [DOI: 10.1007/s13277-013-0700-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2012] [Accepted: 02/04/2013] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
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Abstract
Cartilage is one of the very few naturally occurring avascular tissues where lack of angiogenesis is the guiding principle for its structure and function. This has attracted investigators who have sought to understand the biochemical basis for its avascular nature, hypothesising that it could be used in designing therapies for treating cancer and related malignancies in humans through antiangiogenic applications. Cartilage encompasses primarily a specialised extracellular matrix synthesised by chondrocytes that is both complex and unique as a result of the myriad molecules of which it is composed. Of these components, a few such as thrombospondin-1, chondromodulin-1, the type XVIII-derived endostatin, SPARC (secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine) and the type II collagen-derived N-terminal propeptide (PIIBNP) have demonstrated antiangiogenic or antitumour properties in vitro and in vivo preclinical trials that involve several complicated mechanisms that are not completely understood. Thrombospondin-1, endostatin and the shark-cartilage-derived Neovastat preparation have also been investigated in human clinical trials to treat several different kinds of cancers, where, despite the tremendous success seen in preclinical trials, these molecules are yet to show success as anticancer agents. This review summarises the current state-of-the-art antiangiogenic characterisation of these molecules, highlights their most promising aspects and evaluates the future of these molecules in antiangiogenic applications.
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The adeno-associated virus-mediated HSV-TK/GCV suicide system: a potential strategy for the treatment of bladder carcinoma. Med Oncol 2011; 29:1938-47. [PMID: 22011935 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-011-0091-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2011] [Accepted: 10/11/2011] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Novel treatment strategies such as gene therapy are warranted in view of the failure of current treatment approaches to cure a high percentage of patients with advanced bladder cancers. The emergence of cancer gene therapy potentially offers a number of exciting treatments. The majority of approaches involve strategies to suppress the function of activated oncogenes to restore the expression of functional tumour suppressor genes or to initiate tumour self-destruction. One gene therapy approach against tumours that holds great promise is suicide gene therapy. Herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase (HSV-TK) phosphorylates ganciclovir (GCV), which in turn interacts with cellular DNA polymerase and interferes with DNA synthesis to cause death of rapidly dividing cells. The development of an effective delivery system is absolutely critical to the usefulness and safety of gene therapy. At present, the adeno-associated virus (AAV) vector has the most promising potential in view of its non-pathogenicity, wide tropisms and long-term transgene expression in vivo. Gene therapy studies using different serotypes of recombinant AAV (rAAV) as delivery vehicles have proved rAAVs to be an effective modality of cancer gene therapy. In the present study, we investigated the suppression effect of AAV-mediated HSV-TK/GCV system on the bladder cancer cells and in mice xenograft models of bladder cancer. Our data demonstrate that rAAV-HSV-TK system controlled tumour cell growth and achieves strong antitumour efficacy in vivo. These findings provide a foundation for the development of potential targeted clinical therapies for bladder cancer in humans.
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Pan JG, Zhou X, Zeng GW, Han RF. Potent antitumour activity of the combination of HSV-TK and endostatin armed oncolytic adeno-associated virus for bladder cancer in vitro and in vivo. J Surg Oncol 2011; 105:249-57. [PMID: 21953122 DOI: 10.1002/jso.22107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2011] [Accepted: 09/07/2011] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gene therapy may offer a new tool for the treatment of bladder cancer. Previously, we have shown a significant antitumour effect in bladder cancer xenografts in a nude mouse model using intratumoural herpes simple virus thymidine (HSV-TK) and Endostatin gene therapy. OBJECTIVES Given the high vascularity of human bladder cancer and the ability of HSV-TK or Endostatin monotherapy to eradicate the tumours, we decided to test a novel combination of cytotoxicity and antiangiogenisis gene therapy using intratumourally delivered HSV-TK and Endostatin adeno-associated viruses (AAVs). METHODS We constructed plasmid AAV-TK-IRES-Endostatin (pAAV-TIE) and packaged the AAV particles contain gene fragments of HSV-TK and Endostatin. The function of HSV-TK and Endostatin was evaluated separately in vitro via T24 bladder tumour cells and human umbilical vein endothelial (HUVEC) cells. The combination anticancer effect of recombinant AAV-TIE (rAAV-TIE) was measured in vivo while rAAV-HSV-TK and rAAV-Endostatin as control groups. RESULTS In vitro, rAAV-TIE was found to induce a significant increase in apoptosis in HUVEC cells equally as rAAV-Endostatin and confirmed that the inhibition of endothelial cells mediated by rAAV-TIE was associated with the apoptotic process. rAAV-TIE was found to induce a significant increase in apoptosis in T24 cells equally as rAAV-HSV-TK and confirmed that the inhibition of T24 cells mediated by rAAV-TIE was associated with the apoptotic process too. In vivo, our results showed that the tumours in mice injected with the rAAV-TIE not only took significantly longer to emerge but also that their growth, once established, was significant slower than that of tumours grown, compared with single HSV-TK or Endostatin treated animals. CONCLUSIONS We concluded that the inhibition of angiogenesis using Endostatin gene transfer, together with the cytotoxicity HSV-TK gene therapy, resulted in a significant antitumour effect compared to the single gene based therapy in BTCC. The results warrant further development of the combination gene therapy, and suggest that this approach, directed towards systemic efficiency, could be used as an additional treatment for human BTCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Gang Pan
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
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