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Schmidt S, Messner CJ, Gaiser C, Hämmerli C, Suter-Dick L. Methotrexate-Induced Liver Injury Is Associated with Oxidative Stress, Impaired Mitochondrial Respiration, and Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress In Vitro. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232315116. [PMID: 36499436 PMCID: PMC9735468 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232315116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Low-dose methotrexate (MTX) is a standard therapy for rheumatoid arthritis due to its low cost and efficacy. Despite these benefits, MTX has been reported to cause chronic drug-induced liver injury, namely liver fibrosis. The hallmark of liver fibrosis is excessive scarring of liver tissue, triggered by hepatocellular injury and subsequent activation of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs). However, little is known about the precise mechanisms through which MTX causes hepatocellular damage and activates HSCs. Here, we investigated the mechanisms leading to hepatocyte injury in HepaRG and used immortalized stellate cells (hTERT-HSC) to elucidate the mechanisms leading to HSC activation by exposing mono- and co-cultures of HepaRG and hTERT-HSC to MTX. The results showed that at least two mechanisms are involved in MTX-induced toxicity in HepaRG: (i) oxidative stress through depletion of glutathione (GSH) and (ii) impairment of cellular respiration in a GSH-independent manner. Furthermore, we measured increased levels of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in activated HSC following MTX treatment. In conclusion, we established a human-relevant in vitro model to gain mechanistical insights into MTX-induced hepatotoxicity, linked oxidative stress in HepaRG to a GSH-dependent and -independent pathway, and hypothesize that not only oxidative stress in hepatocytes but also ER stress in HSCs contribute to MTX-induced activation of HSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saskia Schmidt
- School of Life Sciences, University of Applied Sciences and Arts Northwestern Switzerland, 4132 Muttenz, Switzerland
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Basel, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Catherine Jane Messner
- School of Life Sciences, University of Applied Sciences and Arts Northwestern Switzerland, 4132 Muttenz, Switzerland
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Basel, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
- Swiss Centre for Applied Human Toxicology (SCAHT), 4055 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Carine Gaiser
- School of Life Sciences, University of Applied Sciences and Arts Northwestern Switzerland, 4132 Muttenz, Switzerland
| | - Carina Hämmerli
- School of Life Sciences, University of Applied Sciences and Arts Northwestern Switzerland, 4132 Muttenz, Switzerland
| | - Laura Suter-Dick
- School of Life Sciences, University of Applied Sciences and Arts Northwestern Switzerland, 4132 Muttenz, Switzerland
- Swiss Centre for Applied Human Toxicology (SCAHT), 4055 Basel, Switzerland
- Correspondence:
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Liu Y, Teng L, Fu S, Wang G, Li Z, Ding C, Wang H, Bi L. Highly heterogeneous-related genes of triple-negative breast cancer: potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers. BMC Cancer 2021; 21:644. [PMID: 34053447 PMCID: PMC8165798 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-021-08318-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a highly heterogeneous subtype of breast cancer, showing aggressive clinical behaviors and poor outcomes. It urgently needs new therapeutic strategies to improve the prognosis of TNBC. Bioinformatics analyses have been widely used to identify potential biomarkers for facilitating TNBC diagnosis and management. Methods We identified potential biomarkers and analyzed their diagnostic and prognostic values using bioinformatics approaches. Including differential expression gene (DEG) analysis, Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve analysis, functional enrichment analysis, Protein-Protein Interaction (PPI) network construction, survival analysis, multivariate Cox regression analysis, and Non-negative Matrix Factorization (NMF). Results A total of 105 DEGs were identified between TNBC and other breast cancer subtypes, which were regarded as heterogeneous-related genes. Subsequently, the KEGG enrichment analysis showed that these genes were significantly enriched in ‘cell cycle’ and ‘oocyte meiosis’ related pathways. Four (FAM83B, KITLG, CFD and RBM24) of 105 genes were identified as prognostic signatures in the disease-free interval (DFI) of TNBC patients, as for progression-free interval (PFI), five genes (FAM83B, EXO1, S100B, TYMS and CFD) were obtained. Time-dependent ROC analysis indicated that the multivariate Cox regression models, which were constructed based on these genes, had great predictive performances. Finally, the survival analysis of TNBC subtypes (mesenchymal stem-like [MSL] and mesenchymal [MES]) suggested that FAM83B significantly affected the prognosis of patients. Conclusions The multivariate Cox regression models constructed from four heterogeneous-related genes (FAM83B, KITLG, RBM24 and S100B) showed great prediction performance for TNBC patients’ prognostic. Moreover, FAM83B was an important prognostic feature in several TNBC subtypes (MSL and MES). Our findings provided new biomarkers to facilitate the targeted therapies of TNBC and TNBC subtypes. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12885-021-08318-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiduo Liu
- School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Road, Nanjing, 210023, Jiangsu, China
| | - Linxin Teng
- School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Road, Nanjing, 210023, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shiyi Fu
- School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Road, Nanjing, 210023, Jiangsu, China
| | - Guiyang Wang
- School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Road, Nanjing, 210023, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhengjun Li
- College of Health Economics Management, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Road, Nanjing, 210023, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chao Ding
- School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Road, Nanjing, 210023, Jiangsu, China
| | - Haodi Wang
- School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Road, Nanjing, 210023, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lei Bi
- School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Road, Nanjing, 210023, Jiangsu, China.
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Zhang Y, Zhao J, Jing J, Zhang R, Zhou X, Gao J, Wang J, Li Y, Liu X, Wang Q. Effects of Simulated Weightlessness on Metabolizing Enzymes and Pharmacokinetics of Folic Acid in SD Rats. Biol Pharm Bull 2021; 44:162-168. [PMID: 33518670 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b20-00299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Folic acid (FA) affect human physiology and drug metabolism. Up to now, the effect of microgravity on the pharmacokinetics of FA remains unclear. The pharmacokinetics of FA in Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats are laying a foundation for safe medicine administration of astronauts. Proteins expression of such FA metabolic enzymes as Methyltetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR), Cystathionine beta synthase (CBS) and Methionine synthase (MS) in a variety of organs was analyzed with Western-Blot, and mRNA expression was detected by RT-PCR. The plasma concentration-time profile of FA in normal or tail-suspended SD rats was acquired by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) after oral administration of FA. Area under curve (AUC) and Cmax of FA in SD rats decreased significantly with extending period of tail-suspension. In terms of expressed level of metabolic enzymes over four suspension terms, as well as the level of the corresponding mRNAs, the following regularities were found: an obvious sharp decline of MTHFR tissue in kidney, a time-dependent increase of CBS in liver tissue and duodenum tissues, the resemblance of MS fluctuation to that of CBS in tested tissues. A four-week simulated microgravity of SD rats exhibits an unequivocal diminish of bioavailability of FA, and simulated microgravity shows a varying effect on the expression of FA-metabolizing enzyme in a variety of tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Air Force Medical University
| | - Jun Zhao
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Air Force Medical University
| | - Juan Jing
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Air Force Medical University
| | - Ruitao Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Air Force Medical University
| | | | - Jianyi Gao
- China Astronaut Research and Training Center
| | | | - Yongzhi Li
- China Astronaut Research and Training Center
| | - Xueying Liu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Air Force Medical University
| | - Qingwei Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Air Force Medical University
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Chen W, Liao L, Lai H, Yi X, Wang D. Identification of core biomarkers associated with pathogenesis and prognostic outcomes of laryngeal squamous-cell cancer using bioinformatics analysis. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2020; 277:1397-1408. [PMID: 32067095 DOI: 10.1007/s00405-020-05856-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2019] [Accepted: 02/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Despite advances in the treatment of laryngeal squamous-cell carcinoma (LSCC), the survival rate of LSCC remains poor. Thereby, it is urgent to identify novel diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for LSCC. The study aimed to identify potential core genes associated with the pathogenesis and prognosis of LSCC. METHODS Differentially expressed genes between LSCC and normal laryngeal tissue samples were screened by an integrated analysis of data from GEO and TCGA databases. Core genes related to the pathogenesis and prognosis of LSCC were identified by employing protein-protein interaction network and Cox proportional hazards model analyses. RESULTS Ten hub genes (AURKA, AURKB, CDC45, KIF2C, NDC80, EXO1, TYMS, RAD51AP1, ITGA3, and UBE2T) that might be highly related to the pathogenesis of LSCC were identified. An eight-gene prognostic signature consisted of ZG16B, STATH, RTN4R, MSRA, CBX8, SLC5A1, EFNB1 and CNTFR was constructed with a good performance in predicting overall survivals. CONCLUSION Our findings might shed some new light on the pathogenesis of LSCC and help identify new therapeutic targets of LSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Chen
- Department of Otolaryngology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, 29# Xinquan Road, Fujian, 350001, Fuzhou, China
| | - Lianming Liao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fujian, 350001, Fuzhou, China
| | - Haichun Lai
- Department of Otolaryngology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, 29# Xinquan Road, Fujian, 350001, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xuehan Yi
- Department of Otolaryngology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, 29# Xinquan Road, Fujian, 350001, Fuzhou, China
| | - Desheng Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, 29# Xinquan Road, Fujian, 350001, Fuzhou, China.
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Organista-Nava J, Gómez-Gómez Y, Del Moral-Hernandez O, Illades-Aguiar B, Gómez-Santamaria J, Rivera-Ramírez AB, Saavedra-Herrera MV, Jimenez-López MA, Leyva-Vázquez MA. Deregulation of folate pathway gene expression correlates with poor prognosis in acute leukemia. Oncol Lett 2019; 18:3115-3127. [PMID: 31452789 PMCID: PMC6704278 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2019.10650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study analyzed the mRNA expression levels of genes involved in the transport and metabolism of methotrexate (MTX) (RFC1, ABCC1, ABCB1, GGH, FPGS, ATIC, TS, MTHFR, MTRR, MS and MTHFD1) in patients with acute leukemia (AL). The expression levels of the examined genes were analyzed by reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) in patients with AL (ALL:50/AML:19) and 66 healthy individuals. The mRNA expression levels of RFC1, MS, MTRR, MTHFR and ABCB1 were decreased (P<0.05), while those of GGH, FPGS, TS and MTHFD1 (P<0.05) were overexpressed in patients with AL. Patients with high mRNA levels of GGH (OR=4.28, 95% CI=1.29–14.14), TS (OR=7.14, 95% CI 1.84–27.81), MTHFR (OR=4.81, 95% CI=1.31–17.64), ABCB1 (OR=4.61, 95% CI=1.33–15.97) and ABCC1 (OR=5.50, 95% CI=1.12–27.06) had a higher chance of relapse. Interestingly, high mRNA levels of RFC1 are a protective factor in the risk of AL relapse (OR=0.22, 95% 0.06–0.80). The results of the present study indicated that deregulation of folate pathway gene expression is associated with poor prognosis in AL and that the expression levels of these markers could serve as novel molecular targets for the treatment of patients with AL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Organista-Nava
- Laboratorio de Biomedicina Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Chilpancingo, Guerrero 39090, México
| | - Yazmín Gómez-Gómez
- Laboratorio de Biomedicina Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Chilpancingo, Guerrero 39090, México
| | - Oscar Del Moral-Hernandez
- Laboratorio de Virología, Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Chilpancingo, Guerrero 39090, México
| | - Berenice Illades-Aguiar
- Laboratorio de Biomedicina Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Chilpancingo, Guerrero 39090, México
| | - Jazmin Gómez-Santamaria
- Laboratorio de Biomedicina Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Chilpancingo, Guerrero 39090, México
| | | | | | | | - Marco Antonio Leyva-Vázquez
- Laboratorio de Biomedicina Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Chilpancingo, Guerrero 39090, México
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Hernández-Preciado MR, Morán-Moguel MC, Dávalos-Rodríguez IP, Enríquez-Barajas CM, Valdovinos-Maravilla JP, Díaz-Pérez AL, Silva-Castro DE, González-López L, Gámez-Nava JI, Aceves-Aceves MA, Salazar-Páramo M. miRNA-24 Gene Sequence, DHFR -829C-T Genotypes, and Methotrexate Response in Mexican Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis. Genet Test Mol Biomarkers 2019; 23:223-227. [PMID: 30758239 PMCID: PMC6450450 DOI: 10.1089/gtmb.2018.0226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim: The present study looked for variation in the miRNA-24 sequence, and evaluated the associations between the dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) gene-829 C-T polymorphism and plasma DHFR concentrations with response to methotrexate (MTX) treatment in Mexican patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Methods: A total of 135 women with RA were classified as responders (disease activity score [DAS28] <3.2) or nonresponders to MTX (DAS28 > 3.2). We determined the genotype of the patients using the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism method. Plasma DHFR enzyme levels and mi-RNA24 sequences were assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and Sanger sequencing, respectively. Allelic frequencies and the genotypic distribution of the polymorphism were analyzed by the chi-square test. Results: The genotype frequencies of the DHFR −829C-T polymorphism among responders were 37.0% CC, 52.1% CT, and 10.9% TT and for nonresponders were 33.9% CC, 56.4% CT, and 9.7% TT. No significant differences in genotype frequencies were found between the groups (p = 0.88). The DHFR levels relative to genotype for responders were 6.8 ± 2.7, 6.1 ± 2.7, and 6.5 ± 1.5 ng/mL for CC, CT, and TT, respectively, and for nonresponders were 6.5 ± 2.0, 6.1 ± 3.1, and 7.4 ± 1.8 ng/mL for CC, CT, and TT, respectively. No significant differences were found between the two groups. Similarly, both groups showed no sequence variations in miRNA-24 gene. Conclusion: The −829C-T polymorphism of DHFR gene was not associated with response to MTX by RA patients, and no variations were found in the miRNA-24 sequence that might modify the response to treatment or DHFR enzyme levels in a Mexican population with RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martha Rocio Hernández-Preciado
- 1 Doctorado en Farmacología, Departamento de Fisiología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, México
| | - María Cristina Morán-Moguel
- 2 Departamento de DFMI, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, México
| | - Ingrid Patricia Dávalos-Rodríguez
- 3 División de Genética, Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Occidente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Guadalajara, Jalisco México.,4 Departamento de Biología Molecular y Genómica, DGH, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, México
| | - Christian Michel Enríquez-Barajas
- 5 Servicio Social en Investigación. Comisión Interinstitucional para la Formación de Recursos Humanos para la Salud, Secretaría de Salud, México
| | - Juan Paulo Valdovinos-Maravilla
- 5 Servicio Social en Investigación. Comisión Interinstitucional para la Formación de Recursos Humanos para la Salud, Secretaría de Salud, México
| | - Ana Lilia Díaz-Pérez
- 5 Servicio Social en Investigación. Comisión Interinstitucional para la Formación de Recursos Humanos para la Salud, Secretaría de Salud, México
| | - Daniel Efraín Silva-Castro
- 5 Servicio Social en Investigación. Comisión Interinstitucional para la Formación de Recursos Humanos para la Salud, Secretaría de Salud, México
| | - Laura González-López
- 1 Doctorado en Farmacología, Departamento de Fisiología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, México.,6 Hospital General Regional No. 110, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Guadalajara, Jalisco, México
| | - Jorge Ivan Gámez-Nava
- 1 Doctorado en Farmacología, Departamento de Fisiología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, México.,7 Unidad de Investigación Biomédica 02, Unidad Médica de Alta Especialidad, Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Médico Nacional de Occidente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social. Guadalajara, Jalisco, México
| | - Mario Alberto Aceves-Aceves
- 8 División de Investigación en Salud, Unidad Médica de Alta Especialidad, Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Médico Nacional de Occidente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Guadalajara, Jalisco, México
| | - Mario Salazar-Páramo
- 1 Doctorado en Farmacología, Departamento de Fisiología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, México.,8 División de Investigación en Salud, Unidad Médica de Alta Especialidad, Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Médico Nacional de Occidente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Guadalajara, Jalisco, México
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7
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Organista-Nava J, Gómez-Gómez Y, Illades-Aguiar B, Rivera-Ramírez AB, Saavedra-Herrera MV, Leyva-Vázquez MA. Overexpression of dihydrofolate reductase is a factor of poor survival in acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Oncol Lett 2018; 15:8405-8411. [PMID: 29805575 PMCID: PMC5950508 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.8429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2017] [Accepted: 08/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) has an important function in DNA synthesis and is a target of methotrexate, which is a crucial treatment option for acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). However, the number of studies conducted to date on DHFR expression in childhood ALL is limited. The aim of the present study was to determine whether the expression of DHFR is associated with survival in childhood ALL. The expression of DHFR in 96 children with ALL and 100 control individuals was determined using reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction. The results of the present study demonstrated that the expression of DHFR mRNA in children with ALL was significantly increased (P<0.001), compared with that in the control group. In addition, increased levels of DHFR mRNA were observed in patients with B-cell lineage, compared with patients with T-cell lineage ALL (P<0.05). The Kaplan-Meier estimator analysis revealed that children with ALL who exhibited increased levels of DHFR mRNA had a decreased overall survival time (P<0.05). It was observed that certain patient prognostic features (including age, sex, white blood cell count and high DHFR expression), are associated with poor survival (log-rank test, P<0.05). Therefore, the results of the present study indicated that DHFR upregulation is a factor for poor survival in ALL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Organista-Nava
- Laboratory of Molecular Biomedicine, School of Chemical-Biological Sciences, Guerrero State University, Chilpancingo, Guerrero 39090, Mexico
| | - Yazmín Gómez-Gómez
- Laboratory of Molecular Biomedicine, School of Chemical-Biological Sciences, Guerrero State University, Chilpancingo, Guerrero 39090, Mexico
| | - Berenice Illades-Aguiar
- Laboratory of Molecular Biomedicine, School of Chemical-Biological Sciences, Guerrero State University, Chilpancingo, Guerrero 39090, Mexico
| | - Ana Bertha Rivera-Ramírez
- Research Department, State Cancer Institute, Arturo Beltran Ortega, Acapulco, Guerrero 39570, Mexico
| | | | - Marco Antonio Leyva-Vázquez
- Laboratory of Molecular Biomedicine, School of Chemical-Biological Sciences, Guerrero State University, Chilpancingo, Guerrero 39090, Mexico
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Qasem WA, Yousef AM, Yousef M, Manasreh I. Thymidylate Synthase Polymorphisms and Risk of Lung Cancer among the Jordanian Population: a Case Control Study. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2016; 16:8287-92. [PMID: 26745074 DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2015.16.18.8287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Thymidylate synthase (TS) catalyzes the methylation of deoxyuridylate to deoxythymidylate and is involved in DNA methylation, synthesis and repair. Two common polymorphisms have been reported, tandem repeats in the promoter-enhancer region (TSER), and 6bp ins/del in the 5'UTR, that are implicated in a number of human diseases, including cancer. The association between the two polymorphisms in risk for lung cancer (LC) was here investigated in the Jordanian population. MATERIALS AND METHODS An age, gender, and smoking-matched case-control study involving 84 lung cancer cases and 71 controls was conducted. The polymerase chain reaction/restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) technique was used to detect the polymorphism of interest. RESULTS Individuals bearing the ins/ins genotype were 2.5 times more likely to have lung cancer [(95%CI: 0.98-6.37), p=0.051]. Individuals who were less than or equal to 57 years and carrying ins/ins genotype were 4.6 times more susceptible to lung cancer [OR<57 vs >57years: 4.6 (95%CI: 0.93-22.5), p=0.059)]. Genotypes and alleles of TSER were distributed similarly between cases and controls. Weak linkage disequilibrium existed between the two loci of interest (Lewontin's coefficient [D']) (LC: D' =0.03, r2: 0. 001, p= 0.8; CONTROLS D' =0.29, r2: 0.08, p=0.02). Carriers of the "3 tandem repeats_insertion" haplotype (3R_ins) were 2 times more likely to have lung cancer [2 (95%CI: 1.13-3.48), p=0.061]. CONCLUSIONS Genetic polymorphism of TS at 3` UTR and its haplotype analysis may modulate the risk of lung cancer in Jordanians. The 6bp ins/del polymorphism of TS at 3 `UTR is more informative than TSER polymorphism in predicting increased risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wiam Al Qasem
- Department of Biopharmaceutics and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan E-mail : ,
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9
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Zaruma-Torres F, Lares-Asseff I, Lima A, Reyes-Espinoza A, Loera-Castañeda V, Sosa-Macías M, Galaviz-Hernández C, Arias-Peláez MC, Reyes-López MA, Quiñones LA. Genetic Polymorphisms Associated to Folate Transport as Predictors of Increased Risk for Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia in Mexican Children. Front Pharmacol 2016; 7:238. [PMID: 27547186 PMCID: PMC4974492 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2016.00238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2016] [Accepted: 07/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is a frequent neoplasia occurring in children. The most commonly used drug for the treatment of ALL is methotrexate (MTX), an anti-folate agent. Previous studies suggest that folate transporters play a role in ALL prognosis and that genetic polymorphism of genes encoding folate transporters may increase the risk of ALL. Therefore, the main goal of this study was to determine the associations among six genetic polymorphisms in four genes related with the folate transporter pathway to determine a relationship with the occurrence of ALL in Mexican children. A case-control study was performed in 73 ALL children and 133 healthy children from Northern and Northwestern Mexico. COL18A1 (rs2274808), SLC19A1 (rs2838956), ABCB1 (rs1045642 and rs1128503), and ABCC5 (rs9838667 and rs3792585). Polymorphisms were assayed through qPCR. Our results showed an increased ALL risk in children carrying CT genotype (OR = 2.55, CI 95% 1.11–5.83, p = 0.0001) and TT genotype (OR = 21.05, CI 95% 5.62–78.87, p < 0.0001) of COL18A1 rs2274808; in SLC19A1 rs2838956 AG carriers (OR = 44.69, CI 95% 10.42–191.63, p = 0.0001); in ABCB1 rs1045642 TT carriers (OR = 13.76, CI 95% 5.94–31.88, p = 0.0001); in ABCC5 rs9838667 AC carriers (OR = 2.61, CI 95% 1.05–6.48, p < 0.05); and in ABCC5 rs3792585 CC carriers (OR = 9.99, CI 95% 3.19–31.28, p = 0.004). Moreover, several combinations of genetic polymorphisms were found to be significantly associated with a risk for ALL. Finally, two combinations of ABCC5 polymorphisms resulted in protection from this neoplasia. In conclusion, certain genetic polymorphisms related to the folate transport pathway, particularly COL18A1 rs2274808, SLC19A1 rs2838956, ABCB1 rs1045642, and ABCC5 rs3792585, were associated with an increased risk for ALL in Mexican children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fausto Zaruma-Torres
- Pharmacogenomics Academia, National Polytechnic Institute-CIIDIRDurango, Mexico; School of Biochemistry and Pharmacy, University of CuencaCuenca, Ecuador
| | - Ismael Lares-Asseff
- Pharmacogenomics Academia, National Polytechnic Institute-CIIDIR Durango, Mexico
| | - Aurea Lima
- CESPU, Instituto de Investigação e Formação Avançada em Ciências e Tecnologias da Saúde Gandra, Portugal
| | | | | | - Martha Sosa-Macías
- Pharmacogenomics Academia, National Polytechnic Institute-CIIDIR Durango, Mexico
| | | | - María C Arias-Peláez
- Institute of Scientific Research of the University Juarez of State of Durango Durango, Mexico
| | - Miguel A Reyes-López
- Center of Biotechnology Genomics, National Polytechnic Institute Reynosa, Mexico
| | - Luis A Quiñones
- Pharmacological and Molecular Program, Laboratory of Chemical Carcinogenesis and Pharmacogenetics (CQF), Faculty of Medicine, ICBM, University of Chile Santiago, Chile
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10
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Jamnikar U, Nikolic P, Belic A, Blas M, Gaser D, Francky A, Laux H, Blejec A, Baebler S, Gruden K. Transcriptome study and identification of potential marker genes related to the stable expression of recombinant proteins in CHO clones. BMC Biotechnol 2015; 15:98. [PMID: 26499110 PMCID: PMC4812793 DOI: 10.1186/s12896-015-0218-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2014] [Accepted: 10/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells have become the host of choice for the production of recombinant proteins, due to their capacity for correct protein folding, assembly, and posttranslational modifications. The most widely used system for recombinant proteins is the gene amplification procedure that uses the CHO-Dhfr expression system. However, CHO cells are known to have a very unstable karyotype. This is due to chromosome rearrangements that can arise from translocations and homologous recombination, especially when cells with the CHO-Dhfr expression system are treated with methotrexate hydrate. The present method used in the industry for testing clones for their long-term stability of recombinant protein production is empirical, and it involves their cultivation over extended periods of time prior to the selection of the most suitable clone for further bioprocess development. The aim of the present study was the identification of marker genes that can predict stable expression of recombinant genes in particular clones early in the development stage. RESULTS The transcriptome profiles of CHO clones with stable and unstable recombinant protein production were investigated over 10-weeks of cultivation, using a DNA microarray. We identified 14 genes that were differentially expressed between the stable and unstable clones already at 2 weeks from the beginning of the cultivation. Their expression was validated by reverse-transcription quantitative real-time PCR (RT-qPCR). Furthermore, the k-nearest neighbour algorithm approach shows that the combination of the gene expression patterns of only five of these 14 genes is sufficient to predict stable recombinant protein production in clones in the early phases of cell-line development. CONCLUSIONS The exact molecular mechanisms that cause unstable recombinant protein production are not fully understood. However, the expression profiles of some genes in clones with stable and unstable recombinant protein production allow prediction of such instability early in the cell-line development stage. We have thus developed a proof-of-concept for a novel approach to eliminate unstable clones in the CHO-Dhfr expression system, which saves time and labour-intensive work in cell-line development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uros Jamnikar
- Sandoz Biopharmaceuticals, Kolodvorska 27, SI-1234, Menges, Slovenia.
| | - Petra Nikolic
- Jozef Stefan Institute, Jamova cesta 39, SI-1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
| | - Ales Belic
- Sandoz Biopharmaceuticals, Kolodvorska 27, SI-1234, Menges, Slovenia.
| | - Marjanca Blas
- Sandoz Biopharmaceuticals, Kolodvorska 27, SI-1234, Menges, Slovenia.
| | - Dominik Gaser
- Sandoz Biopharmaceuticals, Kolodvorska 27, SI-1234, Menges, Slovenia.
| | - Andrej Francky
- Sandoz Biopharmaceuticals, Kolodvorska 27, SI-1234, Menges, Slovenia.
| | - Holger Laux
- Novartis Pharma AG, WKL-681.1.08, 4002, Basel, Switzerland.
| | - Andrej Blejec
- National Institute of Biology, Vecna pot 111, SI-1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
| | - Spela Baebler
- National Institute of Biology, Vecna pot 111, SI-1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
| | - Kristina Gruden
- National Institute of Biology, Vecna pot 111, SI-1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
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11
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Kodidela S, Pradhan SC, Dubashi B, Basu D. Influence of dihydrofolate reductase gene polymorphisms rs408626 (-317A>G) and rs442767 (-680C>A) on the outcome of methotrexate-based maintenance therapy in South Indian patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 2015; 71:1349-58. [PMID: 26335211 DOI: 10.1007/s00228-015-1930-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2015] [Accepted: 08/17/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The most common cause of treatment failure in acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) is the relapse. Genetic polymorphisms of dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) enzyme affect the response to methotrexate (MTX) treatment. Inter-individual variability exists in the distribution of DHFR variants, and they influence MTX treatment outcome. To the best of our knowledge, there are no genetic studies reported from India, which have explored the influence of DHFR variants on the outcome of MTX treatment. Therefore, we aim to study the influence of DHFR rs408626 (-317A>G) and rs442767 (-680C>A) variants on ALL outcome in South Indian patients. METHODS A total of 70 ALL patients who were on MTX-based maintenance therapy were recruited for the study. DNA was extracted from leukocytes, and genotyping was done by real-time PCR. RESULTS The DHFR-317GG genotype was associated with the increased risk of relapse in patients with ALL (relative risk 2.25, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.38 to 3.6, p = 0.02). DHFR-317AA and -680CA genotypes were found to be associated with severe leucopenia (p < 0.05). In Cox regression model, -317GG genotype was found to have lower relapse-free survival (hazard ratio (HR) 2.56, 95% CI 1.06 to 6.19, p = 0.03) and overall survival (HR 3.72, 95% CI 1.44 to 9.65, p = 0.007). Similarly, patients with white blood cell (WBC) count >50,000 cells/mm(3) were also found to have lower relapse-free survival (HR 2.20, 95% CI 1.10 to 4.79, p = 0.04) and overall survival (HR 3.30, 95% CI 1.45 to 7.53, p = 0.004). CONCLUSION The GG genotype of DHFR-317A>G variant is associated with increased risk of ALL relapse and lower overall survival in South Indian population. Both variants of DHFR (-317 AA and -680 CA) are found to be associated with severe leucopenia caused by MTX.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunitha Kodidela
- Department of Pharmacology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Gorimedu, Puducherry, India.
| | - Suresh Chandra Pradhan
- Department of Pharmacology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Gorimedu, Puducherry, India
| | - Biswajit Dubashi
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Gorimedu, Puducherry, India
| | - Debdatta Basu
- Department of Pathology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Gorimedu, Puducherry, India
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12
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Gabriela Nielsen M, Congiu C, Bortolomasi M, Bonvicini C, Bignotti S, Abate M, Milanesi E, Conca A, Cattane N, Tessari E, Gennarelli M, Minelli A. MTHFR: Genetic variants, expression analysis and COMT interaction in major depressive disorder. J Affect Disord 2015; 183:179-86. [PMID: 26021967 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2015.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2015] [Revised: 05/04/2015] [Accepted: 05/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) genetic variations have been widely studied in major depressive disorder (MDD) and antidepressants outcome. An interaction with catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) has also been proved affecting depression. The aim of this study was to clarify the role of the most commonly studied single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of MTHFR gene in MDD and in treatment response mechanisms, along with the impact of the interaction with COMT. METHODS A total of 613 MDD patients, of whom 389 were classified as having treatment resistant depression (TRD), and 463 controls were enrolled. The A1298C, C677T and COMT Val158Met were genotyped. Genetic data were integrated with a transcriptional level analysis in peripheral blood cells (PBCs) and fibroblasts. RESULTS The A1298C CC homozygotes were more frequent in MDD patients compared to controls in women, increasing twice the genetic risk to develop depression. Moreover this genotype resulted in epistasis with COMT Met carriers in association with MDD. No significant effects were obtained concerning response to treatment. Transcriptional analyses highlighted a strong correlation between the mRNA levels of MTHFR in fibroblasts and COMT genotypes whereas no significant association with MDD was found. PBCs results revealed relevant influences of environmental factors. LIMITATION We did not measure folate and homocisteine levels. CONCLUSION This study showed the involvement of A1298C, Val158Met and their interaction in MDD. The transcriptional analyses supported the participation of COMT in the folate pathway, which partakes in the complex network of gene×gene and gene×environment interactions of MDD etiopathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Gabriela Nielsen
- Psychiatric Unit, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy; Genetic Unit, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy
| | - Chiara Congiu
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Biology and Genetic Division, Viale Europa, 11, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | | | - Cristian Bonvicini
- Genetic Unit, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy
| | - Stefano Bignotti
- Psychiatric Unit, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy
| | - Maria Abate
- Psychiatric Hospital "Villa Santa Chiara", Verona, Italy
| | - Elena Milanesi
- Genetic Unit, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy; Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Andreas Conca
- Department of Psychiatry, Central Hospital of Bolzano, Bolzano, Italy
| | - Nadia Cattane
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Biology and Genetic Division, Viale Europa, 11, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | | | - Massimo Gennarelli
- Genetic Unit, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy; Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Biology and Genetic Division, Viale Europa, 11, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - Alessandra Minelli
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Biology and Genetic Division, Viale Europa, 11, 25123 Brescia, Italy.
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13
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Zhu H, Deng FY, Mo XB, Qiu YH, Lei SF. Pharmacogenetics and pharmacogenomics for rheumatoid arthritis responsiveness to methotrexate treatment: the 2013 update. Pharmacogenomics 2014; 15:551-66. [DOI: 10.2217/pgs.14.25] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a complex, systemic autoimmune disease characterized by chronic inflammation of multiple peripheral joints, which leads to serious destruction of cartilage and bone, progressive deformity and severe disability. Methotrexate (MTX) is one of the first-line drugs commonly used in RA therapy owing to its excellent long-term efficacy and cheapness. However, the efficacy and toxicity of MTX treatment have significant interpatient variability. Genetic factors contribute to this variability. In this review, we have summarized and updated the progress of RA response to MTX treatment since 2009 by focusing on the fields of pharmacogenetics and pharmacogenomics. Identification of genetic factors involved in MTX treatment response will increase the understanding of RA pathology and the development of new personalized treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Zhu
- Center for Genetic Epidemiology & Genomics, School of Public Health, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, PR China
| | - Fei-Yan Deng
- Center for Genetic Epidemiology & Genomics, School of Public Health, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, PR China
| | - Xing-Bo Mo
- Center for Genetic Epidemiology & Genomics, School of Public Health, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, PR China
| | - Ying-Hua Qiu
- Center for Genetic Epidemiology & Genomics, School of Public Health, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, PR China
| | - Shu-Feng Lei
- Center for Genetic Epidemiology & Genomics, School of Public Health, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, PR China
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