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Kourie HR, Zouein J, Succar B, Mardirossian A, Ahmadieh N, Chouery E, Mehawej C, Jalkh N, kattan J, Nemr E. Genetic Polymorphisms Involved in Bladder Cancer: A Global Review. Oncol Rev 2023; 17:10603. [PMID: 38025894 PMCID: PMC10657888 DOI: 10.3389/or.2023.10603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Bladder cancer (BC) has been associated with genetic susceptibility. Single peptide polymorphisms (SNPs) can modulate BC susceptibility. A literature search was performed covering the period between January 2000 and October 2020. Overall, 334 articles were selected, reporting 455 SNPs located in 244 genes. The selected 455 SNPs were further investigated. All SNPs that were associated with smoking and environmental exposure were excluded from this study. A total of 197 genes and 343 SNPs were found to be associated with BC, among which 177 genes and 291 SNPs had congruent results across all available studies. These genes and SNPs were classified into eight different categories according to their function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hampig Raphael Kourie
- Hematology-Oncology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Saint Joseph University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Joseph Zouein
- Hematology-Oncology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Saint Joseph University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Bahaa Succar
- Hematology-Oncology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Saint Joseph University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Avedis Mardirossian
- Hematology-Oncology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Saint Joseph University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Nizar Ahmadieh
- Hematology-Oncology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Saint Joseph University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Eliane Chouery
- Department of Human Genetics, Gilbert and Rose-Marie Chagoury School of Medicine, Lebanese American University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Cybel Mehawej
- Department of Human Genetics, Gilbert and Rose-Marie Chagoury School of Medicine, Lebanese American University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Nadine Jalkh
- Medical Genetics Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Saint Joseph University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Joseph kattan
- Hematology-Oncology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Saint Joseph University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Elie Nemr
- Urology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Saint Joseph University, Beirut, Lebanon
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Le J, Min JH. Structural modeling and analyses of genetic variations in the human XPC nucleotide excision repair protein. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2023; 41:13535-13562. [PMID: 36890638 PMCID: PMC10485178 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2023.2177349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/10/2023]
Abstract
Xeroderma pigmentosum C (XPC) is a key initiator in the global genome nucleotide excision repair pathway in mammalian cells. Inherited mutations in the XPC gene can cause xeroderma pigmentosum (XP) cancer predisposition syndrome that dramatically increases the susceptibility to sunlight-induced cancers. Various genetic variants and mutations of the protein have been reported in cancer databases and literature. The current lack of a high-resolution 3-D structure of human XPC makes it difficult to assess the structural impact of the mutations/genetic variations. Using the available high-resolution crystal structure of its yeast ortholog, Rad4, we built a homology model of human XPC protein and compared it with a model generated by AlphaFold. The two models are largely consistent with each other in the structured domains. We have also assessed the degree of conservation for each residue using 966 sequences of XPC orthologs. Our structure- and sequence conservation-based assessments largely agree with the variant's impact on the protein's structural stability, computed by FoldX and SDM. Known XP missense mutations such as Y585C, W690S, and C771Y are consistently predicted to destabilize the protein's structure. Our analyses also reveal several highly conserved hydrophobic regions that are surface-exposed, which may indicate novel intermolecular interfaces that are yet to be characterized.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Le
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Baylor University, Waco, TX 76798, USA
| | - Jung-Hyun Min
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Baylor University, Waco, TX 76798, USA
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Nasrallah NA, Wiese BM, Sears CR. Xeroderma Pigmentosum Complementation Group C (XPC): Emerging Roles in Non-Dermatologic Malignancies. Front Oncol 2022; 12:846965. [PMID: 35530314 PMCID: PMC9069926 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.846965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Xeroderma pigmentosum complementation group C (XPC) is a DNA damage recognition protein essential for initiation of global-genomic nucleotide excision repair (GG-NER). Humans carrying germline mutations in the XPC gene exhibit strong susceptibility to skin cancer due to defective removal via GG-NER of genotoxic, solar UV-induced dipyrimidine photoproducts. However, XPC is increasingly recognized as important for protection against non-dermatologic cancers, not only through its role in GG-NER, but also by participating in other DNA repair pathways, in the DNA damage response and in transcriptional regulation. Additionally, XPC expression levels and polymorphisms likely impact development and may serve as predictive and therapeutic biomarkers in a number of these non-dermatologic cancers. Here we review the existing literature, focusing on the role of XPC in non-dermatologic cancer development, progression, and treatment response, and highlight possible future applications of XPC as a prognostic and therapeutic biomarker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nawar Al Nasrallah
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep and Occupational Medicine, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Benjamin M. Wiese
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep and Occupational Medicine, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Catherine R. Sears
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep and Occupational Medicine, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Richard L. Roudebush Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN, United States
- *Correspondence: Catherine R. Sears,
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Comprehensive assessment of the association between XPC rs2228000 and cancer susceptibility based on 26835 cancer cases and 37069 controls. Biosci Rep 2020; 39:221067. [PMID: 31710080 PMCID: PMC6893172 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20192452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2019] [Revised: 10/15/2019] [Accepted: 11/01/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives In the present study, we examined available articles from online databases to comprehensively investigate the effect of the XPC (xeroderma pigmentosum complementation group C) rs2228000 polymorphism on the risk of different types of clinical cancer. Methods We conducted a group of overall and subgroup pooling analyses after retrieving the data from four databases (updated till September 2019). The P-value of association, OR (odds ratios), and 95% CI (confidence interval) were calculated. Results We selected a total of 71 eligible studies with 26835 cancer cases and 37069 controls from the 1186 retrieved articles. There is an enhanced susceptibility for bladder cancer cases under T vs. C [P=0.004; OR (95% CI) = 1.25 (1.07, 1.45)], TT vs. CC [P=0.001; 1.68 (1.25, 2.26)], CT+TT vs. CC [P=0.016; 1.26 (1.04, 1.53)], and TT vs. CC+ CT [P=0.001; 1.49 (1.18, 1.90)] compared with negative controls. Additionally, there is an increased risk of breast cancer under T vs. C, TT vs. CC and TT vs. CC+ CT (P<0.05, OR > 1). Nevertheless, there is a decreased risk of gastric cancer cases in China under T vs. C [P=0.020; 0.92 (0.85, 0.99)], CT vs. CC [P=0.001, 0.83 (0.73, 0.93)], and CT+TT vs. CC [P=0.003, 0.84 (0.76, 0.94)]. Conclusions The TT genotype of XPC rs2228000 may be linked to an increased risk of bladder and breast cancer, whereas the CT genotype is likely to be associated with reduced susceptibility to gastric cancer in the Chinese population.
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Zebian A, Shaito A, Mazurier F, Rezvani HR, Zibara K. XPC beyond nucleotide excision repair and skin cancers. MUTATION RESEARCH-REVIEWS IN MUTATION RESEARCH 2019; 782:108286. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mrrev.2019.108286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2018] [Revised: 05/23/2019] [Accepted: 07/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Thyroid Cancer: The Quest for Genetic Susceptibility Involving DNA Repair Genes. Genes (Basel) 2019; 10:genes10080586. [PMID: 31374908 PMCID: PMC6722859 DOI: 10.3390/genes10080586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2019] [Revised: 07/10/2019] [Accepted: 07/30/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The incidence of thyroid cancer (TC), particularly well-differentiated forms (DTC), has been rising and remains the highest among endocrine malignancies. Although ionizing radiation (IR) is well established on DTC aetiology, other environmental and genetic factors may also be involved. DNA repair single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) could be among the former, helping in explaining the high incidence. To further clarify the role of DNA repair SNPs in DTC susceptibility, we analyzed 36 SNPs in 27 DNA repair genes in a population of 106 DTCs and corresponding controls with the aim of interpreting joint data from previously studied isolated SNPs in DNA repair genes. Significant associations with DTC susceptibility were observed for XRCC3 rs861539, XPC rs2228001, CCNH rs2230641, MSH6 rs1042821 and ERCC5 rs2227869 and for a haplotype block on chromosome 5q. From 595 SNP-SNP combinations tested and 114 showing relevance, 15 significant SNP combinations (p < 0.01) were detected on paired SNP analysis, most of which involving CCNH rs2230641 and mismatch repair variants. Overall, a gene-dosage effect between the number of risk genotypes and DTC predisposition was observed. In spite of the volume of data presented, new studies are sought to provide an interpretability of the role of SNPs in DNA repair genes and their combinations in DTC susceptibility.
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Sankhwar M, Sankhwar SN, Bansal SK, Gupta G, Rajender S. Polymorphisms in the XPC gene affect urinary bladder cancer risk: a case-control study, meta-analyses and trial sequential analyses. Sci Rep 2016; 6:27018. [PMID: 27246180 PMCID: PMC4887911 DOI: 10.1038/srep27018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2016] [Accepted: 05/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Compromised activity of the DNA repair enzymes may raise the risk of a number of cancers. We analyzed polymorphisms in the Xeroderma Pigmentosum, Complementation Group C (XPC) gene for their correlation with urinary bladder cancer. Ala499Val and Lys939Gln polymorphisms were genotyped in 234 urinary bladder cancer cases and 258 control samples. A significant association between Ala499Val polymorphism and bladder cancer was observed (OR = 1.78, CI = 1.19–2.66, p = 0.005); however, Lys939Gln was unrelated (OR = 0.97, CI = 0.65–1.45, P = 0.89). Further analysis revealed that Ala499Val was a significant risk factor only in the presence of smoking (OR = 2.23, CI = 1.28–3.87, p < 0.004) or tobacco chewing (OR = 2.40, CI = 1.43–4.04, p = 0.0008). To further appraise the association, we undertook meta-analyses on seven studies (2893 cases and 3056 controls) on Ala499Val polymorphism and eleven studies (5064 cases and 5208 controls) on Lys939Gln polymorphism. Meta-analyses corroborated the above results, showing strong association of Ala499Val (OR = 1.54, CI = 1.21–1.97, p = 0.001) but not that of Lys939Gln (OR = 1.13, CI = 0.95–1.34, p = 0.171) with urinary bladder cancer risk. In conclusion, XPC Ala499Val substitution increases urinary bladder cancer risk, but Lys939Gln appears to be neutral.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Sankhwar
- Department of Urology, King George Medical University, Lucknow, India
| | | | | | - Gopal Gupta
- CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, India
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Hua RX, Zhuo ZJ, Shen GP, Zhu J, Zhang SD, Xue WQ, Li XZ, Zhang PF, He J, Jia WH. Polymorphisms in the XPC gene and gastric cancer susceptibility in a Southern Chinese population. Onco Targets Ther 2016; 9:5513-9. [PMID: 27660469 PMCID: PMC5019428 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s113055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have reported that XPC gene polymorphisms may modify the individual susceptibility to gastric cancer. In this case-control study with a total of 1,142 cases and 1,173 controls, four potentially functional polymorphisms were genotyped in the XPC gene (rs2228001 A>C, rs2228000 C>T, rs2607775 C>G, and rs1870134 G>C) by Taqman assays and their associations were analyzed with the risk of gastric cancer in a Southern Chinese population. No significant association between any of XPC polymorphisms and gastric cancer risk was detected except for a borderline association with the rs2228000 CT/TT genotype (crude odds ratio =0.86, 95% confidence interval =0.73-1.02, P=0.088) when compared to the rs2228000 CC genotype. Further stratified analysis revealed that the protective effect of rs2228000 CT/TT on the risk of gastric cancer was only significant among subjects older than 58 years. In summary, results indicated that genetic variations in XPC gene may play a weak effect on gastric cancer susceptibility in Southern Chinese population, which warrants further confirmation in larger prospective studies with different ethnic populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui-Xi Hua
- Department of Experimental Research, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University
| | - Zhen-Jian Zhuo
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine Research, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangdong
| | - Guo-Ping Shen
- Department of Experimental Research, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine
| | - Jinhong Zhu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Molecular Epidemiology Laboratory, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Heilongjiang
| | - Shao-Dan Zhang
- Department of Experimental Research, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine
| | - Wen-Qiong Xue
- Department of Experimental Research, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine
| | - Xi-Zhao Li
- Department of Experimental Research, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine
| | - Pei-Fen Zhang
- Department of Experimental Research, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine
| | - Jing He
- Department of Experimental Research, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Jing He, Department of Pediatric Surgery, Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, 9 Jinsui Road, Guangzhou 510623, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China, Tel/fax +86 20 3807 6560, Email
| | - Wei-Hua Jia
- Department of Experimental Research, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine
- Wei-Hua Jia, Department of Experimental Research, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, 651 Dongfeng Road East, Guangzhou 510060, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86 20 8734 2327, Fax +86 20 8734 3392, Email
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Dai W, Zhou FB, Wei C, Wang XW, Guo S, Yi XL, Li K, Gao TW, Liu L, Li CY. A functional single-nucleotide polymorphism in the ERCC1 gene alters the efficacy of narrowband ultraviolet B therapy in patients with active vitiligo in a Chinese population. Br J Dermatol 2015; 173:457-63. [PMID: 25965418 DOI: 10.1111/bjd.13892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND T lymphocytes have been shown to cause the destruction of melanocytes in vitiligo pathogenesis. Narrowband ultraviolet B (NB-UVB), as an effective therapeutic strategy in vitiligo, can lead to the formation of DNA photoproducts such as cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers (CPDs) in perilesional lymphocytes and thus induce skin immunosuppression. The repair of DNA photoproducts is performed mainly through the nucleotide excision repair (NER) pathway. We hypothesized that single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in NER genes might influence the repair capacity of CPDs and thus contribute to variations in phototherapy efficiency. OBJECTIVES To detect genetic polymorphisms in NER genes and their relationship with the efficacy of NB-UVB therapy in patients with active vitiligo. METHODS We investigated the association of NER SNPs (XPA A23G, XPC Ci11A, XPC C2919A and ERCC1 C118T) with phototherapy efficacy in 86 patients with vitiligo who received NB-UVB treatment. Furthermore, we examined the impact of ERCC1 C118T on the apoptosis of T lymphocytes and CPD accumulation after NB-UVB irradiation. RESULTS We found that patients with vitiligo with the ERCC1 codon 118 CC genotype showed better efficacy after NB-UVB irradiation than those with the ERCC1 118 TT and CT genotypes, whereas no such association was documented among the genotypes of XPA A23G, XPC Ci11A or XPC C2919A. Additionally, the apoptosis rates and CPD levels of lymphocytes after NB-UVB irradiation in patients with the ERCC1 118 CC genotype were significantly higher than those in patients with the ERCC1 118 TT and CT genotypes. CONCLUSIONS The ERCC1 118 CC genotype confers better efficacy of NB-UVB therapy in patients with active vitiligo.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Dai
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, 127 Changlexi Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
| | - F-B Zhou
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, 127 Changlexi Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
| | - C Wei
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, 127 Changlexi Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
| | - X-W Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, 127 Changlexi Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
| | - S Guo
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, 127 Changlexi Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
| | - X-L Yi
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, 127 Changlexi Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
| | - K Li
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, 127 Changlexi Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
| | - T-W Gao
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, 127 Changlexi Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
| | - L Liu
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, 127 Changlexi Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
| | - C-Y Li
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, 127 Changlexi Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
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Li SX, Dai QS, Chen SX, Zhang SD, Liao XY, Deng X, Chi HB, Li FJ, Zhu JH, Jiang YY. Xeroderma pigmentosum complementation group D (XPD) gene polymorphisms contribute to bladder cancer risk: a meta-analysis. Tumour Biol 2013; 35:3905-15. [PMID: 24347488 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-013-1519-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2013] [Accepted: 12/04/2013] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Numerous epidemiological studies have been conducted to investigate the association between Xeroderma pigmentosum complementation group D (XPD) Asp312Asn (rs1799793 G > A) and Lys751Gln (rs13181 A > C) polymorphisms and bladder cancer risk; however, the conclusions remain controversial. With this in mind, we performed this meta-analysis with 11 studies including 3,797 cases and 5,094 controls for Asp312Asn and 21 studies including 6,360 cases and 7,894 controls for Lys751Gln polymorphism. We searched available literatures from PubMed, Embase, and CBM databases. Crude odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated to assess the strength of the associations. Moreover, to validate biological plausibility of our findings, the effects of these two polymorphisms on XPD gene expression within three ethnicities was determine by gene expression analysis based on imputed genotypes from HapMap. Overall, the variant allele of Asp312Asn polymorphism was associated with an increased risk of bladder cancer (Asn/Asn vs. Asp/Asp: OR = 1.51, 95% CI = 1.19-1.91; Asp/Asn vs. Asp/Asp: OR = 1.23, 95% CI = 1.12-1.35; recessive model: OR = 1.33, 95% CI = 1.10-1.61; dominant model: OR = 1.32, 95% CI = 1.14-1.52; and allele comparing: OR = 1.26, 95% CI = 1.11-1.42). We found the Lys751Gln was associated with increased bladder cancer risk only under the recessive model (OR = 1.14, 95% CI = 1.01-1.29). Stratification analyses demonstrated an increased risk for Asians and hospital-based studies under all genetic models while only under the dominant model for Caucasians as to the Asp312Asn polymorphism and for Caucasians under the recessive model as to the Lys751Gln polymorphism. We also found the Asp312Asn polymorphism can significantly influence mRNA expression levels among Asians and Caucasians, and the Lys751Gln polymorphism has a similar effect for Caucasians. Despite some limitations, this meta-analysis suggests that polymorphisms in XPD gene may contribute to bladder cancer susceptibility. These findings need further validation by large well-designed prospective studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su-Xia Li
- Department of Tumor Rehabilitation, First Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, No.2 Fuxue Lane, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000, China
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Zhang Y, Li Z, Zhong Q, Zhou W, Chen X, Chen X, Fang J, Huang Z. Polymorphisms of the XPC gene may contribute to the risk of head and neck cancer: a meta-analysis. Tumour Biol 2013; 35:3917-31. [DOI: 10.1007/s13277-013-1520-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2013] [Accepted: 12/04/2013] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
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