1
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Davoodvandi A, Rafiyan M, Asemi Z, Matini SA. An epigenetic modulator with promising therapeutic impacts against gastrointestinal cancers: A mechanistic review on microRNA-195. Pathol Res Pract 2023; 248:154680. [PMID: 37467635 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.154680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
Due to their high prevalence, gastrointestinal cancers are one of the key causes of cancer-related death globally. The development of drug-resistant cancer cell populations is a major factor in the high mortality rate, and it affects about half of all cancer patients. Because of advances in our understanding of cancer molecular biology, non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) have emerged as critical factors in the initiation and development of gastrointestinal cancers. Gene expression can be controlled in several ways by ncRNAs, including through epigenetic changes, interactions between microRNAs (miRNAs) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and proteins, and the function of lncRNAs as miRNA precursors or pseudogenes. As lncRNAs may be detected in the blood, circulating ncRNAs have emerged as a promising new class of non-invasive cancer biomarkers for use in the detection, staging, and prognosis of gastrointestinal cancers, as well as in the prediction of therapy efficacy. In this review, we assessed the role lncRNAs play in the progression, and maintenance of colorectal cancer, and how they might be used as therapeutic targets in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amirhossein Davoodvandi
- Cancer Immunology Project (CIP), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran; Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, I.R. Iran.
| | - Mahdi Rafiyan
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, I.R. Iran
| | - Zatollah Asemi
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, I.R. Iran.
| | - Seyed Amirhassan Matini
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, I.R. Iran.
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2
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Yu W, Liang X, Li X, Zhang Y, Sun Z, Liu Y, Wang J. MicroRNA-195: a review of its role in cancers. Onco Targets Ther 2018; 11:7109-7123. [PMID: 30410367 PMCID: PMC6200091 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s183600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small and highly conserved noncoding RNAs that regulate gene expression at the posttranscriptional level by binding to the 3′-UTR of target mRNAs. Recently, increasing evidence has highlighted their profound roles in various pathological processes, including human cancers. Deregulated miRNAs function as either oncogenes or tumor suppressor genes in multiple cancer types. Among them, miR-195 has been reported to significantly impact oncogenicity in various neoplasms by binding to critical genes and signaling pathways, enhancing or inhibiting the progression of cancers. In this review, we focus on the expression of miR-195 in regulatory mechanisms and tumor biological processes and discuss the future potential therapeutic implications of diverse types of human malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanpeng Yu
- Institute for Translational Medicine, Medical College of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266021, China;
| | - Xiao Liang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Xiangdong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- Institute for Translational Medicine, Medical College of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266021, China;
| | - Zhenqing Sun
- Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Ying Liu
- Institute for Translational Medicine, Medical College of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266021, China;
| | - Jianxun Wang
- Institute for Translational Medicine, Medical College of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266021, China;
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3
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The miR-29 transcriptome in endocrine-sensitive and resistant breast cancer cells. Sci Rep 2017; 7:5205. [PMID: 28701793 PMCID: PMC5507892 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-05727-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2017] [Accepted: 06/01/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Aberrant microRNA expression contributes to breast cancer progression and endocrine resistance. We reported that although tamoxifen stimulated miR-29b-1/a transcription in tamoxifen (TAM)-resistant breast cancer cells, ectopic expression of miR-29b-1/a did not drive TAM-resistance in MCF-7 breast cancer cells. However, miR-29b-1/a overexpression significantly repressed TAM-resistant LCC9 cell proliferation, suggesting that miR-29b-1/a is not mediating TAM resistance but acts as a tumor suppressor in TAM-resistant cells. The target genes mediating this tumor suppressor activity were unknown. Here, we identify miR-29b-1 and miR-29a target transcripts in both MCF-7 and LCC9 cells. We find that miR-29b-1 and miR-29a regulate common and unique transcripts in each cell line. The cell-specific and common downregulated genes were characterized using the MetaCore Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis algorithm. LCC9-sepecific miR-29b-1/a-regulated GO processes include oxidative phosphorylation, ATP metabolism, and apoptosis. Extracellular flux analysis of cells transfected with anti- or pre- miR-29a confirmed that miR-29a inhibits mitochondrial bioenergetics in LCC9 cells. qPCR,luciferase reporter assays, and western blot also verified the ATP synthase subunit genes ATP5G1 and ATPIF1 as bone fide miR29b-1/a targets. Our results suggest that miR-29 repression of TAM-resistant breast cancer cell proliferation is mediated in part through repression of genes important in mitochondrial bioenergetics.
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4
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Xu Z, Li C, Qu H, Li H, Gu Q, Xu J. MicroRNA-195 inhibits the proliferation and invasion of pancreatic cancer cells by targeting the fatty acid synthase/Wnt signaling pathway. Tumour Biol 2017. [PMID: 28639885 DOI: 10.1177/1010428317711324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Emerging evidence suggests that microRNAs are critical regulators of cancer development and progression. MicroRNA-195 has been reported as a cancer-related microRNA in many human cancers. However, the role of microRNA-195 in pancreatic cancer remains largely unknown. Here, we show that microRNA-195 is downregulated in pancreatic cancer tissues and cell line. Also, we show that overexpression of microRNA-195 inhibits the proliferation and invasion of pancreatic cancer cells, whereas suppression of microRNA-195 promotes proliferation and invasion. We show that microRNA-195 directly targets the fatty acid synthase enzyme and negatively regulates the expression of fatty acid synthase. Also, we show that fatty acid synthase expression is inversely correlated with microRNA-195 expression in pancreatic cancer tissues. Moreover, our results show that microRNA-195 inhibits Wnt signaling in pancreatic cancer cells. By restoring fatty acid synthase expression, we were able to reverse the antitumor effects of microRNA-195 in pancreatic cancer cells. Taken together, our findings show that microRNA-195 inhibits pancreatic cancer cell proliferation and invasion by regulating the fatty acid synthase/Wnt signaling pathway, suggesting a tumor suppressive role for microRNA-195 in the development and progression of pancreatic cancer. Thus, inhibiting fatty acid synthase by microRNA-195 may serve as a novel therapeutic approach for the treatment of pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhichao Xu
- 1 Department of Emergency, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, P.R. China
| | - Chunli Li
- 2 Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, P.R. China
| | - Hui Qu
- 1 Department of Emergency, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, P.R. China
| | - Huiling Li
- 1 Department of Emergency, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, P.R. China
| | - Qiaoyan Gu
- 3 Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Hospital of Yan'an University, Yan'an, P.R. China
| | - Jing Xu
- 1 Department of Emergency, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, P.R. China
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5
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Chen R, Zhang Y, Zhang C, Wu H, Yang S. miR-137 inhibits the proliferation of human non-small cell lung cancer cells by targeting SRC3. Oncol Lett 2017; 13:3905-3911. [PMID: 28521488 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.5904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2015] [Accepted: 01/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the most common type of lung cancer. The results of the present study demonstrate that high expression of microRNA (miR)-137 and low expression of steroid receptor coactivator-3 (SRC3) had a significant negative correlation in 40 NSCLC tissue samples. In addition, cell colony formation and proliferation was significantly reduced in miR-137-transfected A549 and NCI-H838 cells compared with scramble-transfected NSCLC cell lines. miR-137 was identified to induce G1/S cell cycle arrest and dysregulate the mRNA expression of cell cycle-associated proteins (proliferating cell nuclear antigen, cyclin E, cyclin A1, cyclin A2 and p21) in NSCLC cells. Notably, miR-137 could significantly suppress SRC3 3' untranslated region (UTR) luciferase-reporter activity, an effect that was not detectable when the putative 3'-UTR target-site was mutated, further clarifying the molecular mechanisms underlying the role of miR-137 in NSCLC. In conclusion, the results of the present study suggest that miR-137 suppresses NSCLC cell proliferation by partially targeting SRC3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruilin Chen
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710068, P.R. China
| | - Yongqing Zhang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710068, P.R. China
| | - Chengcheng Zhang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710068, P.R. China
| | - Hua Wu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710068, P.R. China
| | - Shumei Yang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710068, P.R. China
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6
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Yan JJ, Chang Y, Zhang YN, Lin JS, He XX, Huang HJ. miR-195 inhibits cell proliferation via targeting AEG-1 in hepatocellular carcinoma. Oncol Lett 2017; 13:3118-3126. [PMID: 28529562 PMCID: PMC5431445 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.5826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2015] [Accepted: 01/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Emerging evidence has indicated that microRNAs (miRNAs) are frequently dysregulated and are fundamental in the pathogenesis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the roles of miR-195 in HCC have not been well elucidated. In the present study, the expression of miR-195 was determined to be markedly downregulated in HCC tissues and cell lines, as compared with normal liver cells. Restoration of miR-195 expression resulted in significant inhibition of the proliferation and tumorigenicity of HCC cells in vitro and in vivo. Gene expression data and luciferase reporter assays revealed that miR-195 is able to directly inhibit the expression of astrocyte elevated gene 1 (AEG-1) through interaction with its 3′ untranslated region. Consistently, an inverse correlation between miR-195 and AEG-1 expression was observed in HCC tissues. Furthermore, the overexpression of AEG-1 was able to partially attenuate the miR-195-induced inhibition of cell growth and promotion of apoptosis. Taken together, these findings indicate that miR-195 functions as a tumor suppressor by inhibiting AEG-1. This pathway may provide new insights into the potential molecular mechanisms of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Jun Yan
- Institute of Liver Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, P.R. China.,Department of Emergency Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, P.R. China
| | - Ying Chang
- Institute of Liver Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, P.R. China
| | - Yu-Nan Zhang
- Institute of Liver Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, P.R. China
| | - Ju-Sheng Lin
- Institute of Liver Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, P.R. China
| | - Xing-Xing He
- Institute of Liver Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, P.R. China
| | - Huan-Jun Huang
- Institute of Liver Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, P.R. China
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7
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Jin L, Li X, Li Y, Zhang Z, He T, Hu J, Liu J, Chen M, Shi M, Jiang Z, Gui Y, Yang S, Mao X, Lai Y. Identification of miR‑195‑3p as an oncogene in RCC. Mol Med Rep 2017; 15:1916-1924. [PMID: 28260025 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.6198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2016] [Accepted: 12/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
There is increasing evidence that the deregulation of microRNAs (miRNAs; miRs) contributes to tumorigenesis. Previous studies have shown that miR‑195 is downregulated in various types of cancer. The present study aimed to investigate the function and expression levels of miR‑125b. Results of qPCR revealed that miR‑195‑3p, the mature sequence of miR‑195, was upregulated in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) tissues and cell lines (786‑O, 769P and ACHN). This indicated that the function and role of miR‑195‑3p may differ in different types of tumor. To assess the function of miR‑195‑3p in RCC cell lines, cell proliferation was examined using MTT and CCK‑8 assays, mobility was assessed using a cell scratch assay, Transwell migration assay and invasion assay, and apoptosis was examined using flow cytometry. These assessments were also performed in cells with upregulated or downregulated miR‑195‑3p via transfection with synthesized miR‑195‑3p mimic or inhibitor. The results revealed that the overexpression of miR‑195‑3p promoted 786‑O and ACHN RCC cell proliferation, migration and invasion, and inhibited cell apoptosis, whereas the downregulation of miR‑195‑3p suppressed cell proliferation, migration and invasion, and induced cell apoptosis. These results indicated that miR‑195‑3p was associated with the tumorigenesis of RCC, with further investigations to focus on the pathway and use of miR‑195‑3p as a clinical biomarker for RCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Jin
- Department of Urology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518036, P.R. China
| | - Xi Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518036, P.R. China
| | - Yifan Li
- Department of Urology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518036, P.R. China
| | - Zeng Zhang
- Department of Urology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518036, P.R. China
| | - Tao He
- Department of Urology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518036, P.R. China
| | - Jia Hu
- Department of Urology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518036, P.R. China
| | - Jiaju Liu
- Department of Urology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518036, P.R. China
| | - Mingwei Chen
- Department of Urology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, P.R. China
| | - Min Shi
- The Guangdong and Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Male Reproductive Medicine and Genetics, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518036, P.R. China
| | - Zhimao Jiang
- The Guangdong and Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Male Reproductive Medicine and Genetics, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518036, P.R. China
| | - Yaoting Gui
- The Guangdong and Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Male Reproductive Medicine and Genetics, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518036, P.R. China
| | - Shangqi Yang
- Department of Urology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518036, P.R. China
| | - Xiangming Mao
- Department of Urology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518036, P.R. China
| | - Yongqing Lai
- Department of Urology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518036, P.R. China
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8
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Almeida MI, Silva AM, Vasconcelos DM, Almeida CR, Caires H, Pinto MT, Calin GA, Santos SG, Barbosa MA. miR-195 in human primary mesenchymal stromal/stem cells regulates proliferation, osteogenesis and paracrine effect on angiogenesis. Oncotarget 2016; 7:7-22. [PMID: 26683705 PMCID: PMC4807979 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.6589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2015] [Accepted: 11/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal Stromal/Stem Cells (MSC) are currently being explored in diverse clinical applications, including regenerative therapies. Their contribution to regeneration of bone fractures is dependent on their capacity to proliferate, undergo osteogenesis and induce angiogenesis. This study aimed to uncover microRNAs capable of concomitantly regulate these mechanisms. Following microRNA array results, we identified miR-195 and miR-497 as downregulated in human primary MSC under osteogenic differentiation. Overexpression of miR-195 or miR-497 in human primary MSC leads to a decrease in osteogenic differentiation and proliferation rate. Conversely, inhibition of miR-195 increased alkaline phosphatase expression and activity and cells proliferation. Then, miR-195 was used to study MSC capacity to recruit blood vessels in vivo. We provide evidence that the paracrine effect of MSC on angiogenesis is diminishedwhen cells over-express miR-195. VEGF may partially mediate this effect, as its expression and secreted protein levels are reduced by miR-195, while increased by anti-miR-195, in human MSC. Luciferase reporter assays revealed a direct interaction between miR-195 and VEGF 3′-UTR in bone cancer cells. In conclusion, our results suggest that miR-195 regulates important mechanisms for bone regeneration, specifically MSC osteogenic differentiation, proliferation and control of angiogenesis; therefore, it is a potential target for clinical bone regenerative therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Ines Almeida
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde/Institute for Research and Innovation in Health (I3S), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica (INEB), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Andreia Machado Silva
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde/Institute for Research and Innovation in Health (I3S), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica (INEB), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar (ICBAS), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Daniel Marques Vasconcelos
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde/Institute for Research and Innovation in Health (I3S), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica (INEB), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar (ICBAS), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Catarina Rodrigues Almeida
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde/Institute for Research and Innovation in Health (I3S), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica (INEB), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Hugo Caires
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde/Institute for Research and Innovation in Health (I3S), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica (INEB), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Marta Teixeira Pinto
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde/Institute for Research and Innovation in Health (I3S), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of University of Porto (Ipatimup), Porto, Portugal
| | - George Adrian Calin
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Susana Gomes Santos
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde/Institute for Research and Innovation in Health (I3S), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica (INEB), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar (ICBAS), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Mário Adolfo Barbosa
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde/Institute for Research and Innovation in Health (I3S), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica (INEB), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar (ICBAS), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
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9
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MiR-195 participates in the placental disorder of preeclampsia via targeting activin receptor type-2B in trophoblastic cells. J Hypertens 2016; 34:1371-9. [DOI: 10.1097/hjh.0000000000000948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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10
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Klinge CM. miRNAs regulated by estrogens, tamoxifen, and endocrine disruptors and their downstream gene targets. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2015; 418 Pt 3:273-97. [PMID: 25659536 PMCID: PMC4523495 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2015.01.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2014] [Revised: 01/22/2015] [Accepted: 01/23/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short (22 nucleotides), single-stranded, non-coding RNAs that form complimentary base-pairs with the 3' untranslated region of target mRNAs within the RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC) and block translation and/or stimulate mRNA transcript degradation. The non-coding miRBase (release 21, June 2014) reports that human genome contains ∼ 2588 mature miRNAs which regulate ∼ 60% of human protein-coding mRNAs. Dysregulation of miRNA expression has been implicated in estrogen-related diseases including breast cancer and endometrial cancer. The mechanism for estrogen regulation of miRNA expression and the role of estrogen-regulated miRNAs in normal homeostasis, reproduction, lactation, and in cancer is an area of great research and clinical interest. Estrogens regulate miRNA transcription through estrogen receptors α and β in a tissue-specific and cell-dependent manner. This review focuses primarily on the regulation of miRNA expression by ligand-activated ERs and their bona fide gene targets and includes miRNA regulation by tamoxifen and endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) in breast cancer and cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolyn M Klinge
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Center for Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY 40292, USA.
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11
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Abstract
Therapies targeting estrogen receptor alpha (ERα), including selective ER modulators such as tamoxifen, selective ER downregulators such as fulvestrant (ICI 182 780), and aromatase inhibitors such as letrozole, are successfully used in treating breast cancer patients whose initial tumor expresses ERα. Unfortunately, the effectiveness of endocrine therapies is limited by acquired resistance. The role of microRNAs (miRNAs) in the progression of endocrine-resistant breast cancer is of keen interest in developing biomarkers and therapies to counter metastatic disease. This review focuses on miRNAs implicated as disruptors of antiestrogen therapies, their bona fide gene targets and associated pathways promoting endocrine resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Penn Muluhngwi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular GeneticsCenter for Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, Kentucky 40292, USA
| | - Carolyn M Klinge
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular GeneticsCenter for Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, Kentucky 40292, USA
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12
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Yang J, Han S, Huang W, Chen T, Liu Y, Pan S, Li S. A meta-analysis of microRNA expression in liver cancer. PLoS One 2014; 9:e114533. [PMID: 25490558 PMCID: PMC4260848 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0114533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2014] [Accepted: 11/10/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNA (miRNA) played an important role in the progression of liver cancer and its diagnostic and prognostic values have been frequently studied. However, different microarray techniques and small sample size led to inconsistent findings in previous studies. We performed a comprehensive meta-analysis of a total of 357 tumor and 283 noncancerous samples from 12 published miRNA expression studies using robust rank aggregation method. As a result, we identified a statistically significant meta-signature of five upregulated (miR-221, miR-222, miR-93, miR-21 and miR-224) and four downregulated (miR-130a, miR-195, miR-199a and miR-375) miRNAs. We then conducted miRNA target prediction and pathway enrichment analysis to find what biological process these miRNAs might affect. We found that most of the pathways were frequently associated with cell signaling and cancer pathogenesis. Thus these miRNAs may involve in the onset and progression of liver cancer and serve as potential diagnostic and therapeutic targets of this malignancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingcheng Yang
- First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Shuai Han
- First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Wenwen Huang
- First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Ting Chen
- Department of Management Information System, College of Computer and Information Engineering, Guangxi Teachers Education University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Yang Liu
- First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Shangling Pan
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Shikang Li
- First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
- * E-mail:
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13
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miR-141 suppresses the growth and metastasis of HCC cells by targeting E2F3. Tumour Biol 2014; 35:12103-7. [PMID: 25142234 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-014-2513-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2014] [Accepted: 08/14/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) function as essential post-transcriptional modulators of gene expression involved in a wide range of physiologic and pathologic states, including cancer. Numerous miRNAs have been deregulated in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Here, we investigated the role of miR-141 in HCC. Decreased expression of miR-141 was observed in both HCC tissues and cell lines. Ectopic overexpression of miR-141 reduced proliferation, migration, and invasion of HCC cells. E2F transcription factor 3 (E2F3) was confirmed to be a target of miR-141 in HCC cells. Moreover, restoration of E2F3 significantly reversed the tumor suppressive effects of miR-141. Our results suggest a critical role of miR-141 in suppressing metastasis of HCC cells by targeting E2F3.
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14
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MiR-141 targets ZEB2 to suppress HCC progression. Tumour Biol 2014; 35:9993-7. [PMID: 25008569 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-014-2299-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2014] [Accepted: 07/01/2014] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Increasing evidence suggests that microRNAs (miRNAs) are associated with HCC tumorigenesis. The present study was designed to define the role of miR-141 in HCC. The expression of miR-141 was significantly decreased in four HCC cell lines. Overexpression of miR-141 suppressed both the growth and the motility of HCC cells. Furthermore, we identified zinc finger E-box binding homeobox 2 (ZEB2) as a target of miR-141 and miR-141 functioned as a tumor suppressor via ZEB2 targeting in HCC. These data provide a novel potential therapeutic target for HCC treatment.
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