1
|
Zhang Y, Lu W, Li X, Wang Y, Li L, Dai Y, Yang H, Wang Y. Mfat-1 ameliorates cachexia after hypoxic-ischemic brain damage in mice by protecting the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis. Life Sci 2023; 333:122172. [PMID: 37832632 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.122172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Cachexia, a metabolic syndrome, affects 21 % of patients suffering from ischemic encephalopathy. However, the specific mechanism and prevention measures are still unclear. Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs) have been proven to reduce inflammatory cytokine levels during ischemic events, but whether they have a protective effect against cachexia after hypoxic-ischemic brain damage (HIBD) remains unclear. MAIN METHODS C57BL/6J wild-type and mfat-1 transgenic male mice were treated with and without HIBD. One day after HIBD, the epididymal white fat, gastrocnemius muscle and hypothalamus were weighed and analyzed the phenotypic changes. RNA sequencing was applied to gastrocnemius muscle to identify differential genes and pathways in HIBD groups. The effect of HPA axis on cachexia post-HIBD was examined via adrenalectomy, dexamethasone (0.1 mg/kg), and corticosterone injection (100 mg/kg). KEY FINDINGS The results showed that the incidence of cachexia in mfat-1 mice, which produce high proportion of n-3 PUFAs, was significantly lower than that in wild-type mice post-HIBD. Cachexia-related factors, such as inflammation, muscle atrophy and lipid metabolism were significantly improved in mfat-1 HIBD. RNA sequencing revealed that catabolic and proteasome pathways were significantly downregulated. In hypothalamus, inflammatory cytokines, lipid peroxidation levels were reduced. Corticosterone, glucocorticoid receptor, and dexamethasone suppression test all showed that mfat-1 improved the dysfunction of the HPA axis post-HIBD. The present study elucidated for the first time that mfat-1 reduced HIBD-induced hyperactivation of the HPA axis in mice by reducing inflammation and oxidative stress and contributed to the reduction of metabolic imbalance in peripheral tissues. SIGNIFICANCE Our study provides mechanistic information for the development of intervention strategies to prevent cachexia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yumeng Zhang
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Basic Medical Science, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Xenotransplantation, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Wenhan Lu
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Basic Medical Science, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Xenotransplantation, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Xiaoxue Li
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Basic Medical Science, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Xenotransplantation, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Yu Wang
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Lin Li
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Basic Medical Science, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Xenotransplantation, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Yifan Dai
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Basic Medical Science, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Xenotransplantation, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Disease Translational Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Haiyuan Yang
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Basic Medical Science, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Xenotransplantation, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Disease Translational Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China.
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Basic Medical Science, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Xenotransplantation, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Disease Translational Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Attenuate Fibroblast Activation and Kidney Fibrosis Involving MTORC2 Signaling Suppression. Sci Rep 2017; 7:46146. [PMID: 28393852 PMCID: PMC5385873 DOI: 10.1038/srep46146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2016] [Accepted: 03/13/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Epidemiologic studies showed the correlation between the deficiency of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs) and the progression of chronic kidney diseases (CKD), however, the role and mechanisms for n-3 PUFAs in protecting against kidney fibrosis remain obscure. In this study, NRK-49F cells, a rat kidney interstitial fibroblast cell line, were stimulated with TGFβ1. A Caenorhabditis elegans fat-1 transgenic mouse model in which n-3 PUFAs are endogenously produced from n-6 PUFAs owing to the expression of n-3 fatty acid desaturase were deployed. Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), one member of n-3 PUFAs family, could suppress TGFβ1-induced fibroblast activation at a dose and time dependent manner. Additionally, DHA could largely inhibit TGFβ1-stimulated Akt but not S6 or Smad3 phosphorylation at a time dependent manner. To decipher the role for n-3 PUFAs in protecting against kidney fibrosis, fat-1 transgenic mice were operated with unilateral ureter obstruction (UUO). Compared to the wild types, fat-1 transgenics developed much less kidney fibrosis and inflammatory cell accumulation accompanied by less p-Akt (Ser473), p-Akt (Thr308), p-S6 and p-Smad3 in kidney tissues at day 7 after UUO. Thus, n-3 PUFAs can attenuate fibroblast activation and kidney fibrosis, which may be associated with the inhibition of mTORC2 signaling.
Collapse
|
3
|
Ren Z, Wang Y, Ren Y, Zhang Z, Gu W, Wu Z, Chen L, Mou L, Li R, Yang H, Dai Y. Enhancement of porcine intramuscular fat content by overexpression of the cytosolic form of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase in skeletal muscle. Sci Rep 2017; 7:43746. [PMID: 28252054 PMCID: PMC5333075 DOI: 10.1038/srep43746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2016] [Accepted: 01/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Intramuscular fat (IMF) content has been generally recognized as a desirable trait in pork meat because of its positive effect on eating quality. An effective approach to enhance IMF content in pork is the generation of transgenic pigs. In this study, we used somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) to generate cloned pigs exhibiting ectopic expression of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK-C) driven by an α-skeletal-actin gene promoter, which was specifically expressed in skeletal muscle. Using qRT-PCR and Western blot analysis, we demonstrated that PEPCK-C was functionally expressed and had a significant effect on total fatty acid content in the skeletal muscle of the transgenic pigs, while the n-6/n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) ratio showed no difference between transgenic and control pigs. Thus, genetically engineered PEPCK-Cmus pigs may be an effective solution for the production of IMF-enriched pork.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zijian Ren
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Xenotransplantation, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing, 211166, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Xenotransplantation, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing, 211166, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanyuan Ren
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Heping District, Qixiangtai Road, Tianjin 300070, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhengwei Zhang
- Huaian First Hospital Affiliated with Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Weiwang Gu
- Institute of Comparative Medicine and Center of Laboratory Animals, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhaoting Wu
- State key laboratory of medicinal chemical biology, Key laboratory of bioactive materials, Ministry of education, Tianjin key laboratory of protein sciences and College of life sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, People's Republic of China
| | - Lingyi Chen
- State key laboratory of medicinal chemical biology, Key laboratory of bioactive materials, Ministry of education, Tianjin key laboratory of protein sciences and College of life sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, People's Republic of China
| | - Lisha Mou
- Shenzhen Xenotransplantation Medical Engineering Research and Development Center, Institute of Translational Medicine, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518035, China
| | - Rongfeng Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Xenotransplantation, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing, 211166, People's Republic of China
| | - Haiyuan Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Xenotransplantation, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing, 211166, People's Republic of China
| | - Yifan Dai
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Xenotransplantation, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing, 211166, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|