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Luo C, Wang L, Zhang Y, Lu M, Lu B, Cai J, Chen H, Dai M. Advances in breast cancer screening modalities and status of global screening programs. Chronic Dis Transl Med 2022; 8:112-123. [PMID: 35774423 PMCID: PMC9215717 DOI: 10.1002/cdt3.21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is the most prevalent malignancy worldwide, and a continued upward trend has been predicted in the coming decades. Screening in selected targeted populations, which is effective in reducing cancer‐related mortality, has been widely implemented in many countries. This review summarizes the advances in BC screening techniques, organized or opportunistic BC screening programs across different countries, and screening modalities recommended by different academic authorities. Mammography is the most widely used and effective technique for BC screening. Other complementary techniques include ultrasound, clinical breast examination, and magnetic resonance imaging. Novel screening tests, including digital breast tomosynthesis and liquid biopsies, are still under development. Globally, the implementation status of BC screening programs is uneven, which is reflected by differences in screening modes, techniques, and population coverage. The recommended optimal screening strategies varied according to the authoritative guidelines. The effectiveness of current screening programs is influenced by several factors, including low detection rate, high false‐positive rate, and unsatisfactory coverage and uptake rates. Exploration of accurate BC risk prediction models and the development of risk‐stratified screening strategies are highly warranted in future research. Mammography is the most widely used and most effective technique; other complementary techniques include ultrasound, clinical breast examination, and magnetic resonance imaging. Globally, the implementation status of breast cancer screening programs is uneven, which is reflected by differences in screening modes, techniques, and examination coverage. Combining effective risk prediction models and advanced screening techniques for risk‐stratified screening strategies may be the future direction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenyu Luo
- Medical Research Center, Peking Union Medical College Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College Beijing China
| | - Le Wang
- Department of Cancer Prevention Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital) Hangzhou Zhejiang China
| | - Yuhan Zhang
- Medical Research Center, Peking Union Medical College Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College Beijing China
| | - Ming Lu
- Medical Research Center, Peking Union Medical College Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College Beijing China
| | - Bin Lu
- Medical Research Center, Peking Union Medical College Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College Beijing China
| | - Jie Cai
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College Beijing China
| | - Hongda Chen
- Medical Research Center, Peking Union Medical College Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College Beijing China
| | - Min Dai
- Medical Research Center, Peking Union Medical College Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College Beijing China
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Abdelrazek MA, Nageb A, Barakat LA, Abouzid A, Elbaz R. BC-DETECT: combined detection of serum HE4 and TFF3 improves breast cancer diagnostic efficacy. Breast Cancer 2022; 29:507-515. [PMID: 34994942 DOI: 10.1007/s12282-021-01328-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Early accurate breast cancer (BC) diagnosis is critical in disease management. Mammography has been widely used. However, its radiation, and high false-negative and -positive results have always been a concern. We evaluated combined detection of human epididymal protein 4 (HE4) and trefoil factor 3 (TFF3) as substitute method to enhance BC diagnosis. METHODS HE4 and TFF3 blood levels were determined by ELISA in sera of 120 BC patients and 80 women (40 healthy and 40 benign breast disease) as controls. Receiver-operating characteristic curve was applied for evaluation diagnostic power of each biomarker and their combination. RESULTS In BC patients, serum HE4 [5 (2-11.9) vs. 3.1 (1.8-5.4) and 1 (1-3.5); P = 0.022] and TFF3 [5.3 (4.5-6.7) vs. 4.7 (4-4.8) and 3.9 (3-4.4); P = 0.027] were significantly higher than that in benign and healthy groups, respectively. Both HE4 (AUC = 0.783; P < 0.0001) and TFF3 (AUC = 0.759; P < 0.0001) had superior BC diagnostic ability compared to CEA and CA-15.3. Logistic regression analysis revealed simplified index BC-DETECT = HE4 + TFF3, and its values were significantly (P = 0.0132) elevated in BC (10.9 (8.4-17.2) compared to benign (7.2 (5.4-10.1)) and healthy (5.1 (4-6.3)) controls. AUC of BC-DETECT for BC prediction was (AUC = 0.850; P < 0.0001) with sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values and accuracy of 84.2%, 70%, 80.8%, 74.7%, and 78.5%, respectively. High BC-DETECT levels were associated with tumor non-luminal subtypes, late stage, high grade, large size, lymph-node invasion, and multiple lesions. CONCLUSIONS BC-DETECT is inexpensive, rapid, and easy to perform and reliably guides BC early detection. Moreover, the association between elevated BC-DETECT values and disease severity may propose its potential role as prognostic marker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed A Abdelrazek
- Research and Development Department, Biotechnology Research Center, New Damietta, Egypt.
- Biochemistry Labs, Sherbin Central Hospital, Ministry of Health, Ad Daqahliyah, Egypt.
| | - Ahmed Nageb
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Port Said University, Port Fuad, Egypt
| | - Lamiaa A Barakat
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Port Said University, Port Fuad, Egypt
| | - Amr Abouzid
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Mansoura Oncology Centre, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Rizk Elbaz
- Genetics Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
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Afzal S, Hassan M, Ullah S, Abbas H, Tawakkal F, Khan MA. Breast Cancer; Discovery of Novel Diagnostic Biomarkers, Drug Resistance, and Therapeutic Implications. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 9:783450. [PMID: 35265667 PMCID: PMC8899313 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.783450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the second most reported cancer in women with high mortality causing millions of cancer-related deaths annually. Early detection of breast cancer intensifies the struggle towards discovering, developing, and optimizing diagnostic biomarkers that can improve its prognosis and therapeutic outcomes. Breast cancer-associated biomarkers comprise macromolecules, such as nucleic acid (DNA/RNA), proteins, and intact cells. Advancements in molecular technologies have identified all types of biomarkers that are exclusively studied for diagnostic, prognostic, drug resistance, and therapeutic implications. Identifying biomarkers may solve the problem of drug resistance which is a challenging obstacle in breast cancer treatment. Dysregulation of non-coding RNAs including circular RNAs (circRNAs) and microRNAs (miRNAs) initiates and progresses breast cancer. The circulating multiple miRNA profiles promise better diagnostic and prognostic performance and sensitivity than individual miRNAs. The high stability and existence of circRNAs in body fluids make them a promising new diagnostic biomarker. Many therapeutic-based novels targeting agents have been identified, including ESR1 mutation (DNA mutations), Oligonucleotide analogs and antagonists (miRNA), poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) in BRCA mutations, CDK4/6 (cell cycle regulating factor initiates tumor progression), Androgen receptor (a steroid hormone receptor), that have entered clinical validation procedure. In this review, we summarize the role of novel breast cancer diagnostic biomarkers, drug resistance, and therapeutic implications for breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samia Afzal
- Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
- *Correspondence: Samia Afzal,
| | - Muhammad Hassan
- Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Safi Ullah
- Department of Genetics, Hazara University, Mansehra, Pakistan
| | - Hazrat Abbas
- Department of Genetics, Hazara University, Mansehra, Pakistan
| | - Farah Tawakkal
- Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Mohsin Ahmad Khan
- Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
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Swellam M, Saad EA, Sabry S, Denewer A, Abdel Malak C, Abouzid A. Alterations of PTEN and SMAD4 methylation in diagnosis of breast cancer: implications of methyl II PCR assay. J Genet Eng Biotechnol 2021; 19:54. [PMID: 33825073 PMCID: PMC8024427 DOI: 10.1186/s43141-021-00154-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Background Diagnosis of breast cancer is more complicated due to lack of minimal invasive biomarker with sufficient precision. DNA methylation is a promising marker for cancer diagnosis. In this study, authors evaluated methylation patterns for PTEN and SMAD4 in blood samples using EpiTect Methyl II QPCR assay quantitative PCR technology. Results Methylation status for PTEN and SMAD4 were statistically significant as breast cancer patients reported hypermethylation compared to benign and control groups (77.1 ± 17.9 vs. 24.9 ± 4.5 and 15.1 ± 1.4 and 70.1 ± 14.4 vs. 28.2 ± 0.61 and 29.5 ± 3.6, respectively). ROC curve analysis revealed that both PTEN (AUC = 0.992) and SMAD4 (AUC = 0.853) had good discriminative power for differentiating BC from all non-cancer individuals (benign and healthy combined) compared to routine tumor markers CEA (AUC = 0.538) and CA15.3 (AUC = 0.686). High PTEN methylation degree was associated with late stages (84.2 ± 17.4), positive lymph node (84.2 ± 18.5), positive ER (81.3 ± 19.7), positive PgR (79.5 ± 19.1), and positive HER2 (80.7 ± 19.0) vs. 67.4 ± 13.8, 70.6 ± 14.8, 72.8 ± 14.9, 72.5 ± 14.7, and 70.2 ± 13.5 in early stages, negative lymph node, negative ER, negative PgR, and negative HER2, respectively. Similar results were obtained regarding SMAD4 methylation. Sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values, and accuracy for methylated PTEN were 100%, 95%, 99.1%, 100%, and 95%, respectively when differentiated BC from all-non cancer controls. Interestingly, PTEN could distinguish early BC stages with good sensitivity 84.4%, 51.4%, 69.1%, 72%, and 70%, respectively. Conclusion Methylation status of PTEN and SMAD4 is a promising blood marker for early detection of breast cancer. Future studies are needed for their role as prognostic markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Menha Swellam
- Biochemistry Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Division, High Throughput Molecular and Genetic Laboratory, Center for Excellences for Advanced Sciences, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
| | - Entsar A Saad
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Damietta University, Damietta, 34517, Egypt
| | - Shimaa Sabry
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Damietta University, Damietta, 34517, Egypt.
| | - Adel Denewer
- Surgical Oncology Department, Mansoura Oncology Centre, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Camelia Abdel Malak
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Damietta University, Damietta, 34517, Egypt
| | - Amr Abouzid
- Surgical Oncology Department, Mansoura Oncology Centre, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
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Yao F, Yan C, Zhang Y, Shen L, Zhou D, Ni J. Identification of blood protein biomarkers for breast cancer staging by integrative transcriptome and proteome analyses. J Proteomics 2020; 230:103991. [PMID: 32971305 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2020.103991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2020] [Revised: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most common malignancy for women. Accurate prediction of breast cancer and its pathological stages is important for treatment decision-making. Although many studies have focused on discovering circulating biomarkers of breast cancer, no such biomarkers have been reported for different stages of this disease. In this study, we identified blood protein biomarkers for each stage of breast cancer by analyzing transcriptome and proteome data from patients. Analysis of the TCGA transcriptome datasets revealed that a large number of genes were differentially expressed in tumor samples of each stage of breast cancer compared with adjacent normal tissues. Blood-secretory proteins encoded by these genes were then predicted by bioinformatics programs. Furthermore, iTRAQ-based proteomic analysis was conducted for plasma samples of breast cancer patients with different stages. A portion of predicted blood-secretory proteins could be detected and verified differentially expressed. Finally, several proteins were chosen as potential blood protein biomarkers for different stages of breast cancer due to their consistent expression patterns at both mRNA and protein levels. Overall, our data provide new insights into diagnosis and classification of breast cancer as well as selection of optimal treatments. SIGNIFICANCE: We identified blood protein biomarkers for each stage of breast cancer by analyzing tissue-based transcriptome and blood-based proteome data from patients. To our knowledge, this is the first time to try to identify blood protein biomarkers for different stages of breast cancer via these integrative analyses. Our data may provide new insights into diagnosis and classification of breast cancer as well as selection of optimal treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Yao
- College of Life Science and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China.
| | - Chen Yan
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Second Clinical Medical College (Shenzhen People's Hospital) of Jinan University, Shenzhen, China; Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine Postdoctoral Research Station, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- College of Life Science and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Liming Shen
- College of Life Science and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Dongxian Zhou
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Second Clinical Medical College (Shenzhen People's Hospital) of Jinan University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jiazuan Ni
- College of Life Science and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
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Loke SY, Munusamy P, Koh GL, Chan CHT, Madhukumar P, Thung JL, Tan KTB, Ong KW, Yong WS, Sim Y, Oey CL, Lim SZ, Chan MYP, Ho TSJ, Khoo BKJ, Wong SLJ, Thng CH, Chong BK, Tan EY, Tan VKM, Lee ASG. A Circulating miRNA Signature for Stratification of Breast Lesions among Women with Abnormal Screening Mammograms. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11121872. [PMID: 31769433 PMCID: PMC6966622 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11121872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2019] [Revised: 11/13/2019] [Accepted: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Although mammography is the gold standard for breast cancer screening, the high rates of false-positive mammograms remain a concern. Thus, there is an unmet clinical need for a non-invasive and reliable test to differentiate between malignant and benign breast lesions in order to avoid subjecting patients with abnormal mammograms to unnecessary follow-up diagnostic procedures. Serum samples from 116 malignant breast lesions and 64 benign breast lesions were comprehensively profiled for 2,083 microRNAs (miRNAs) using next-generation sequencing. Of the 180 samples profiled, three outliers were removed based on the principal component analysis (PCA), and the remaining samples were divided into training (n = 125) and test (n = 52) sets at a 70:30 ratio for further analysis. In the training set, significantly differentially expressed miRNAs (adjusted p < 0.01) were identified after correcting for multiple testing using a false discovery rate. Subsequently, a predictive classification model using an eight-miRNA signature and a Bayesian logistic regression algorithm was developed. Based on the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis in the test set, the model could achieve an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.9542. Together, this study demonstrates the potential use of circulating miRNAs as an adjunct test to stratify breast lesions in patients with abnormal screening mammograms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sau Yeen Loke
- Cellular and Molecular Research, Humphrey Oei Institute of Cancer Research, National Cancer Centre, Singapore 169610, Singapore; (S.Y.L.); (P.M.); (G.L.K.); (C.H.T.C.)
- SingHealth Duke-NUS Oncology Academic Clinical Programme, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore; (P.M.); (K.T.B.T.); (W.S.Y.); (Y.S.); (S.Z.L.); (T.S.J.H.); (B.K.J.K.); (C.H.T.); (V.K.-M.T.)
| | - Prabhakaran Munusamy
- Cellular and Molecular Research, Humphrey Oei Institute of Cancer Research, National Cancer Centre, Singapore 169610, Singapore; (S.Y.L.); (P.M.); (G.L.K.); (C.H.T.C.)
| | - Geok Ling Koh
- Cellular and Molecular Research, Humphrey Oei Institute of Cancer Research, National Cancer Centre, Singapore 169610, Singapore; (S.Y.L.); (P.M.); (G.L.K.); (C.H.T.C.)
| | - Claire Hian Tzer Chan
- Cellular and Molecular Research, Humphrey Oei Institute of Cancer Research, National Cancer Centre, Singapore 169610, Singapore; (S.Y.L.); (P.M.); (G.L.K.); (C.H.T.C.)
| | - Preetha Madhukumar
- SingHealth Duke-NUS Oncology Academic Clinical Programme, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore; (P.M.); (K.T.B.T.); (W.S.Y.); (Y.S.); (S.Z.L.); (T.S.J.H.); (B.K.J.K.); (C.H.T.); (V.K.-M.T.)
- Division of Surgical Oncology, National Cancer Centre, Singapore 169610, Singapore; (J.L.T.); (K.W.O.); (C.L.O.)
- Department of General Surgery, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore 169608, Singapore
| | - Jee Liang Thung
- Division of Surgical Oncology, National Cancer Centre, Singapore 169610, Singapore; (J.L.T.); (K.W.O.); (C.L.O.)
- SingHealth Duke-NUS Breast Centre, Singapore 169610, Singapore
| | - Kiat Tee Benita Tan
- SingHealth Duke-NUS Oncology Academic Clinical Programme, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore; (P.M.); (K.T.B.T.); (W.S.Y.); (Y.S.); (S.Z.L.); (T.S.J.H.); (B.K.J.K.); (C.H.T.); (V.K.-M.T.)
- Division of Surgical Oncology, National Cancer Centre, Singapore 169610, Singapore; (J.L.T.); (K.W.O.); (C.L.O.)
- Department of General Surgery, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore 169608, Singapore
- SingHealth Duke-NUS Breast Centre, Singapore 169610, Singapore
- Department of General Surgery, Sengkang General Hospital, Singapore 544886, Singapore
| | - Kong Wee Ong
- Division of Surgical Oncology, National Cancer Centre, Singapore 169610, Singapore; (J.L.T.); (K.W.O.); (C.L.O.)
- SingHealth Duke-NUS Breast Centre, Singapore 169610, Singapore
| | - Wei Sean Yong
- SingHealth Duke-NUS Oncology Academic Clinical Programme, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore; (P.M.); (K.T.B.T.); (W.S.Y.); (Y.S.); (S.Z.L.); (T.S.J.H.); (B.K.J.K.); (C.H.T.); (V.K.-M.T.)
- Division of Surgical Oncology, National Cancer Centre, Singapore 169610, Singapore; (J.L.T.); (K.W.O.); (C.L.O.)
- Department of General Surgery, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore 169608, Singapore
- SingHealth Duke-NUS Breast Centre, Singapore 169610, Singapore
| | - Yirong Sim
- SingHealth Duke-NUS Oncology Academic Clinical Programme, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore; (P.M.); (K.T.B.T.); (W.S.Y.); (Y.S.); (S.Z.L.); (T.S.J.H.); (B.K.J.K.); (C.H.T.); (V.K.-M.T.)
- Division of Surgical Oncology, National Cancer Centre, Singapore 169610, Singapore; (J.L.T.); (K.W.O.); (C.L.O.)
- SingHealth Duke-NUS Breast Centre, Singapore 169610, Singapore
| | - Chung Lie Oey
- Division of Surgical Oncology, National Cancer Centre, Singapore 169610, Singapore; (J.L.T.); (K.W.O.); (C.L.O.)
- SingHealth Duke-NUS Breast Centre, Singapore 169610, Singapore
| | - Sue Zann Lim
- SingHealth Duke-NUS Oncology Academic Clinical Programme, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore; (P.M.); (K.T.B.T.); (W.S.Y.); (Y.S.); (S.Z.L.); (T.S.J.H.); (B.K.J.K.); (C.H.T.); (V.K.-M.T.)
- Division of Surgical Oncology, National Cancer Centre, Singapore 169610, Singapore; (J.L.T.); (K.W.O.); (C.L.O.)
- Department of General Surgery, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore 169608, Singapore
- SingHealth Duke-NUS Breast Centre, Singapore 169610, Singapore
| | - Mun Yew Patrick Chan
- Department of General Surgery, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore 308433, Singapore; (M.Y.P.C.); (E.Y.T.)
| | - Teng Swan Juliana Ho
- SingHealth Duke-NUS Oncology Academic Clinical Programme, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore; (P.M.); (K.T.B.T.); (W.S.Y.); (Y.S.); (S.Z.L.); (T.S.J.H.); (B.K.J.K.); (C.H.T.); (V.K.-M.T.)
- Division of Oncologic Imaging, National Cancer Centre, Singapore 169610, Singapore;
| | - Boon Kheng James Khoo
- SingHealth Duke-NUS Oncology Academic Clinical Programme, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore; (P.M.); (K.T.B.T.); (W.S.Y.); (Y.S.); (S.Z.L.); (T.S.J.H.); (B.K.J.K.); (C.H.T.); (V.K.-M.T.)
- Division of Oncologic Imaging, National Cancer Centre, Singapore 169610, Singapore;
| | - Su Lin Jill Wong
- Division of Oncologic Imaging, National Cancer Centre, Singapore 169610, Singapore;
| | - Choon Hua Thng
- SingHealth Duke-NUS Oncology Academic Clinical Programme, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore; (P.M.); (K.T.B.T.); (W.S.Y.); (Y.S.); (S.Z.L.); (T.S.J.H.); (B.K.J.K.); (C.H.T.); (V.K.-M.T.)
- Division of Oncologic Imaging, National Cancer Centre, Singapore 169610, Singapore;
| | - Bee Kiang Chong
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore 308433, Singapore;
| | - Ern Yu Tan
- Department of General Surgery, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore 308433, Singapore; (M.Y.P.C.); (E.Y.T.)
| | - Veronique Kiak-Mien Tan
- SingHealth Duke-NUS Oncology Academic Clinical Programme, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore; (P.M.); (K.T.B.T.); (W.S.Y.); (Y.S.); (S.Z.L.); (T.S.J.H.); (B.K.J.K.); (C.H.T.); (V.K.-M.T.)
- Division of Surgical Oncology, National Cancer Centre, Singapore 169610, Singapore; (J.L.T.); (K.W.O.); (C.L.O.)
- Department of General Surgery, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore 169608, Singapore
- SingHealth Duke-NUS Breast Centre, Singapore 169610, Singapore
| | - Ann Siew Gek Lee
- Cellular and Molecular Research, Humphrey Oei Institute of Cancer Research, National Cancer Centre, Singapore 169610, Singapore; (S.Y.L.); (P.M.); (G.L.K.); (C.H.T.C.)
- SingHealth Duke-NUS Oncology Academic Clinical Programme, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore; (P.M.); (K.T.B.T.); (W.S.Y.); (Y.S.); (S.Z.L.); (T.S.J.H.); (B.K.J.K.); (C.H.T.); (V.K.-M.T.)
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117593, Singapore
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +65-6436-8313
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Attallah AM, El-Far M, Ibrahim AR, El-Desouky MA, Omran MM, Elbendary MS, Attallah KA, Qura ER, Abdallah SO. Clinical value of a diagnostic score for colon cancer based on serum CEA, CA19-9, cytokeratin-1 and mucin-1. Br J Biomed Sci 2018; 75:122-127. [PMID: 29734875 DOI: 10.1080/09674845.2018.1456309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although established markers such as CEA and CA19-9 are important for diagnosing early stages of colon cancer, they are not ideal. Developing promising markers include cytokeratin 1 (CK1) and mucin-1 (MUC1), but the combined value of each of these markers is unclear. We therefore evaluated the value of a combined laboratory-based score of these four markers in the diagnosis of colon cancer. METHODS Two hundred patients who had undergone colonoscopic examination (150 colon cancer, 50 benign growths) were recruited. The study was controlled by 35 healthy subjects. CEA, CA19-9, CK1 and MUC1 were measured by ELISA and evaluated for cancer diagnosis using area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC). RESULTS Serum levels of all four markers were increased in the order colon cancer > benign disease > healthy controls (p < 0.001). In multivariate analysis, CA19.9 (p = 0.025), CK1 (p < 0.001) and MUC1 (p = 0.009) were significant independent predictors of colon cancer. A score that gave the greatest power of discrimination for colon cancer was defined as 1.06 + [0.001 × CA19.9 result] + [0.003 × CEA result] + [0.03 × CK1 result] + [0.05 × MUC1 result]. The colon score provided superior discrimination, AUC, and sensitivity and specificity for colon cancer versus benign growth than each of the individual markers. Similarly, the colon score provided superior AUC, and sensitivity and specificity that each individual marker for tumour stage, lymph node invasion and distant organ metastases than each individual marker. CONCLUSION A colon score derived from serum CEA, CA19-9, CK1 and MUC1 is a potential valuable non-invasive index that could be used for detection and screening early stage colon cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Attallah
- a Research & Development Department , Biotechnology Research Center , New Damietta , Egypt
| | - M El-Far
- b Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science , Mansoura University , Mansoura , Egypt
| | - A R Ibrahim
- a Research & Development Department , Biotechnology Research Center , New Damietta , Egypt
| | - M A El-Desouky
- c Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science , Cairo University , Cairo , Egypt
| | - M M Omran
- d Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science , Helwan University , Helwan , Egypt
| | - M S Elbendary
- a Research & Development Department , Biotechnology Research Center , New Damietta , Egypt
| | - K A Attallah
- a Research & Development Department , Biotechnology Research Center , New Damietta , Egypt
| | - E R Qura
- a Research & Development Department , Biotechnology Research Center , New Damietta , Egypt
| | - S O Abdallah
- c Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science , Cairo University , Cairo , Egypt
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Loke SY, Lee ASG. The future of blood-based biomarkers for the early detection of breast cancer. Eur J Cancer 2018; 92:54-68. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2017.12.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2017] [Revised: 12/15/2017] [Accepted: 12/21/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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9
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Zhang Y, Dong W, Wang J, Cai J, Wang Z. Human omental adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cell-conditioned medium alters the proteomic profile of epithelial ovarian cancer cell lines in vitro. Onco Targets Ther 2017; 10:1655-1663. [PMID: 28360526 PMCID: PMC5364023 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s129502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been reported to participate in the formation of supportive tumor stroma. The abilities of proliferation and invasion of human epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) cells were significantly enhanced when indirectly cocultured with human omental adipose-derived MSCs (O-ADSCs) in vitro. However, the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. In this study, EOC cells were cultured with conditioned medium (CM) from O-ADSCs (O-ADSC), and the effect of O-ADSC CM on the proteomic profile of EOC cells was assessed by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE), followed by liquid chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry. The 2-DE assays revealed a global increase in protein expression in the EOC cells treated with CM. Nine proteins were identified from 11 selected protein spots with differential expression after treatment with CM from O-ADSCs. All the nine proteins have been linked to carcinoma and apoptosis, and the migration ability of tumor cells can be regulated by these proteins. Moreover, the upregulation of prohibitin and serine/arginine-rich splicing factor 1 in EOC cells treated with CM was further confirmed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. These results suggest that O-ADSCs affect the proteomic profile of EOC cells via paracrine mechanism in favor of EOC progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanling Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan
| | - Weihong Dong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan
| | - Junjie Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Renhe Hospital, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Cai
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan
| | - Zehua Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan
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Blanckaert V, Kerviel V, Lépinay A, Joubert-Durigneux V, Hondermarck H, Chénais B. Docosahexaenoic acid inhibits the invasion of MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells through upregulation of cytokeratin-1. Int J Oncol 2015; 46:2649-55. [PMID: 25825023 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2015.2936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2014] [Accepted: 02/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), the main member of the omega-3 essential fatty acid family, has been shown to reduce the invasion of the triple-negative breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231, but the mechanism involved remains unclear. In the present study, a proteomic approach was used to define changes in protein expression induced by DHA. Proteins from crude membrane preparations of MDA-MB-231 cells treated with 100 µM DHA were separated by two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE) and differentially expressed proteins were identified using MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry. The main changes observed were the upregulation of Keratin, type Ⅱ cytoskeletal 1 (KRT1), catalase and lamin-A/C. Immunocytochemistry analyses confirmed the increase in KRT1 induced by DHA. Furthermore, in vitro invasion assays showed that siRNA against KRT1 was able to reverse the DHA-induced inhibition of breast cancer cell invasion. In conclusion, KRT1 is involved in the anti-invasive activity of DHA in breast cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent Blanckaert
- Mer, Molécules, Santé (EA2160), IUML‑FR3473 CNRS, Université du Maine, F‑72085 Le Mans, France
| | - Vincent Kerviel
- Mer, Molécules, Santé (EA2160), IUML‑FR3473 CNRS, Université du Maine, F‑72085 Le Mans, France
| | - Alexandra Lépinay
- Mer, Molécules, Santé (EA2160), IUML‑FR3473 CNRS, Université du Maine, F‑72085 Le Mans, France
| | | | - Hubert Hondermarck
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, Hunter Medical Research Institute, Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
| | - Benoît Chénais
- Mer, Molécules, Santé (EA2160), IUML‑FR3473 CNRS, Université du Maine, F‑72085 Le Mans, France
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