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Wang L, Cao J, Tao J, Liang Y. STMN1 promotes cell malignancy and bortezomib resistance of multiple myeloma cell lines via PI3K/AKT signaling. Expert Opin Drug Saf 2024; 23:277-286. [PMID: 37642368 DOI: 10.1080/14740338.2023.2251384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study investigates the biological functions of Stathmin1 (STMN1) involving drug resistance and cell proliferation in multiple myeloma (MM) and its related mechanisms. METHODS Bone marrow aspirates were collected from 20 MM patients, and the bone marrow mononuclear cells (BMMCs) were separated by Ficoll-Hypaque density gradient centrifugation. Blood samples of 20 patients with monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) and 20 healthy donors were collected. Normal plasma cells sorted from the peripheral blood of MGUS patients and healthy subject as controls. Two bortezomib (BTZ)-resistant MM cell lines were established, namely NCI-H929/BTZ and KM3/BTZ cells, and then transfected with lentiviruses packaging sh-STMN1 to knock down STMN1 level in BTZ-resistant cells. Expression of STMN1 was assessed by RT-qPCR and western blotting. CCK-8 assays were performed to assess 50% growth inhibition (IC50) values. Green fluorescent protein in BTZ-resistant cells infected with lentiviruses was observed by fluorescence microscopy. Cell viability, proliferation, cell cycle, and apoptosis were evaluated through MTT assays, colony formation assays, flow cytometry analyses, and TUNEL staining. RESULTS STMN1 was upregulated in MM cells and bone marrow aspirates of MM patients. Additionally, STMN1 depletion attenuated BTZ resistance in MM cells. Moreover, downregulation of STMN1 limited the malignant phenotypes of BTZ-resistant cells. Mechanistically, the PI3K/Akt signaling was inactivated by STMN1 downregulation in BTZ-resistant cells. CONCLUSION STMN1 silencing inhibits cell proliferation and BTZ resistance in MM by inactivating the PI3K/Akt signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Wang
- Department of Hematology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Jie Cao
- Department of Pathology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Jian Tao
- Department of Hematology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Yan Liang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medicine University, Nanjing, China
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2
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Bekeschus S, Liebelt G, Menz J, Singer D, Wende K, Schmidt A. Cell cycle-related genes associate with sensitivity to hydrogen peroxide-induced toxicity. Redox Biol 2022; 50:102234. [PMID: 35063803 PMCID: PMC8783094 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2022.102234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Revised: 12/31/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) such as hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) are well-described agents in physiology and pathology. Chronic inflammation causes incessant H2O2 generation associated with disease occurrences such as diabetes, autoimmunity, and cancer. In cancer, conditioning of the tumor microenvironment, e.g., hypoxia and ROS generation, has been associated with disease outcomes and therapeutic efficacy. Many reports have investigated the roles of the action of H2O2 across many cell lines and disease models. The genes predisposing tumor cell lines to H2O2-mediated demise are less deciphered, however. To this end, we performed in-house transcriptional profiling of 35 cell lines and simultaneously investigated each cell line's H2O2 inhibitory concentration (IC25) based on metabolic activity. More than 100-fold differences were observed between the most resistant and sensitive cell lines. Correlation and gene ontology pathway analysis identified a rigid association with genes intertwined in cell cycle progression and proliferation, as such functional categories dominated the top ten significant processes. The ten most substantially correlating genes (Spearman r > 0.70 or < -0.70) were validated using qPCR, showing complete congruency with microarray analysis findings. Western blotting confirmed the correlation of cell cycle-related proteins negatively correlating with H2O2 IC25. Top genes related to ROS production or antioxidant defense were only modest in correlation (Spearman r > 0.40 or < -0.40). In conclusion, our in-house transcriptomic correlation analysis revealed a set of cell cycle-associated genes associated with a priori resistance or sensitivity to H2O2-induced cellular demise with the detailed and causative roles of individual genes remaining unclear.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sander Bekeschus
- ZIK plasmatis, Leibniz Institute for Plasma Science and Technology (INP), Felix-Hausdorff-Str. 2, 17489, Greifswald, Germany.
| | - Grit Liebelt
- ZIK plasmatis, Leibniz Institute for Plasma Science and Technology (INP), Felix-Hausdorff-Str. 2, 17489, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Jonas Menz
- ZIK plasmatis, Leibniz Institute for Plasma Science and Technology (INP), Felix-Hausdorff-Str. 2, 17489, Greifswald, Germany; Department of General, Visceral, Vascular, and Thorax Surgery, Greifswald University Medical Center, Felix-Hausdorff-Str. 2, 17475, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Debora Singer
- ZIK plasmatis, Leibniz Institute for Plasma Science and Technology (INP), Felix-Hausdorff-Str. 2, 17489, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Kristian Wende
- ZIK plasmatis, Leibniz Institute for Plasma Science and Technology (INP), Felix-Hausdorff-Str. 2, 17489, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Anke Schmidt
- ZIK plasmatis, Leibniz Institute for Plasma Science and Technology (INP), Felix-Hausdorff-Str. 2, 17489, Greifswald, Germany
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Ju WT, Ma HL, Zhao TC, Liang SY, Zhu DW, Wang LZ, Li J, Zhang ZY, Zhou G, Zhong LP. Stathmin guides personalized therapy in oral squamous cell carcinoma. Cancer Sci 2020; 111:1303-1313. [PMID: 31994271 PMCID: PMC7156844 DOI: 10.1111/cas.14323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2019] [Revised: 01/02/2020] [Accepted: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The survival benefit from docetaxel, cisplatin and 5‐fluorouracil (TPF) induction chemotherapy in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) patients is not satisfactory. Previously, we identified that stathmin, a microtubule‐destabilizing protein, is overexpressed in OSCC. Here, we further investigated its role as a biomarker that impacts on OSCC chemosensitivity. We analyzed the predictive value of stathmin on TPF induction chemotherapy and its impact on OSCC cell chemosensitivity. Then, we further investigated the therapeutic effects of the combination therapy of TPF chemotherapy and PI3K‐AKT‐mTOR inhibitors in vitro and in vivo. We found that OSCC patients with low stathmin expression benefited from TPF induction chemotherapy, while OSCC patients with high stathmin expression could not benefit from TPF induction chemotherapy. Stathmin overexpression promoted cellular proliferation and decreased OSCC cell sensitivity to TPF treatment. In addition, inhibition of the PI3K‐AKT‐mTOR signaling pathway decreased stathmin expression and phosphorylation. The combination therapy of TPF chemotherapy and PI3K‐AKT‐mTOR inhibitors exhibited a potent antitumor effect both in vitro and in vivo. Therefore, stathmin can be used as a predictive biomarker for TPF induction chemotherapy and a combination therapy regimen based on stathmin expression might improve the survival of OSCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wu-Tong Ju
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head and Neck Oncology, Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center of Stomatology, Shanghai, China.,Department of Head and Neck Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Hai-Long Ma
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head and Neck Oncology, Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Tong-Chao Zhao
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head and Neck Oncology, Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Si-Yuan Liang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head and Neck Oncology, Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Dong-Wang Zhu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head and Neck Oncology, Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Li-Zhen Wang
- Department of Oral Pathology, Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiang Li
- Department of Oral Pathology, Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhi-Yuan Zhang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head and Neck Oncology, Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Ge Zhou
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Lai-Ping Zhong
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head and Neck Oncology, Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
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4
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Chen P, Wang Q, Xie J, Kwok HF. Signaling networks and the feasibility of computational analysis in gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors. Semin Cancer Biol 2019; 58:80-89. [DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2019.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2019] [Revised: 04/25/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Hypoxia destroys the microstructure of microtubules and causes dysfunction of endothelial cells via the PI3K/Stathmin1 pathway. Cell Biosci 2019; 9:20. [PMID: 30820314 PMCID: PMC6380067 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-019-0283-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2018] [Accepted: 02/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Endothelial cells (EC) are sensitive to changes in the microenvironment, including hypoxia and ischemia. Disruption of the microtubular network has been reported in cases of ischemia. However, the signaling pathways involved in hypoxia-induced microtubular disruption are unknown. The purpose of this study was to investigate the molecular mechanisms involved in hypoxia-induced microtubular disassembly in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Results HUVECs were cultured under normoxic or hypoxic conditions and pretreated with or without colchicine or paclitaxel. The MTT assay, Transwell assay, trans-endothelial permeability assay, and 5-bromo-2′-deoxy-uridine staining were used to test the survival rate, migration, permeability, and proliferation of cells, respectively. Transmission electron microscopy and phalloidin staining were used to observe the microstructure and polymerization of microtubules. The results show that the functions of HUVECs and the microtubular structure were destroyed by hypoxia, but were protected by paclitaxel and a reactive oxygen species (ROS) inhibitor. We further used western blot, a luciferase assay, and co-immunoprecipitation to describe a non-transcription-independent mechanism for PI3K activation-inhibited microtubular stability mediated by Stathmin1, a PI3K interactor that functions in microtubule depolymerization. Finally, we determined that hypoxia and ROS blocked the interaction between PI3K and Stathmin1 to activate disassembly of microtubules. Conclusion Thus, our data demonstrate that hypoxia induced the production of ROS and damaged EC function by destroying the microtubular structure through the PI3K/stathmin1 pathway.
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6
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Yurong L, Biaoxue R, Wei L, Zongjuan M, Hongyang S, Ping F, Wenlong G, Shuanying Y, Zongfang L. Stathmin overexpression is associated with growth, invasion and metastasis of lung adenocarcinoma. Oncotarget 2018; 8:26000-26012. [PMID: 27494889 PMCID: PMC5432233 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.11006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2016] [Accepted: 07/09/2016] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Stathmin has been investigated as a tumor biomarker because it appear to be associated with tumorigenesis; however, the effect of stathmin in lung adenocarcinoma (LAC) remains poorly understood. The purpose of this study was to examine the expression of stathmin in lung adenocarcinoma, and to disclose the relationship between them. The expression of stathmin was examined by RT-PCR, IHC and Western blot. Furthermore, small interfering RNA (shRNA)-mediated silencing of stathmin was employed in LAC cells to investigate cell proliferation, invasion and apoptosis. In this study, we showed that overexpression of stathmin was significantly associated with poorly differentiated, lymph node metastasis and advance TNM stages of lung adenocarcinoma. And silencing of stathmin expression inhibited the proliferation, migration and invasion of lung adenocarcinoma PC-9 cells, and retarded the growth of PC-9 cells xenografts in nude mice. Additionally, the anticarcinogenic efficacy of stathmin silencing might be involved in P38 and MMP2 signaling pathways. In conclusion, these results showed that stathmin expression was significantly up-regulated in LAC, which may act as a biomarker for LAC. Furthermore, silence of stathmin inhibiting LAC cell growth indicated that stathmin may be a promising molecular target for LAC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Yurong
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Rong Biaoxue
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Li Wei
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Ming Zongjuan
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Shi Hongyang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Fang Ping
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Gao Wenlong
- Department of Statistics and Epidemiology, Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yang Shuanying
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Li Zongfang
- Department of Elderly Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
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7
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Modlin IM, Kidd M, Filosso PL, Roffinella M, Lewczuk A, Cwikla J, Bodei L, Kolasinska-Cwikla A, Chung KM, Tesselaar ME, Drozdov IA. Molecular strategies in the management of bronchopulmonary and thymic neuroendocrine neoplasms. J Thorac Dis 2017; 9:S1458-S1473. [PMID: 29201449 DOI: 10.21037/jtd.2017.03.82] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Thoracic NETs [bronchopulmonary NETs (BPNETs) and thymic NETs (TNET)] share a common anatomic primary location, likely a common cell of origin, the "Kulchitsky cell" and presumably, a common etiopathogenesis. Although they are similarly grouped into well-differentiated [typical carcinoids (TC) and atypical carcinoids (AC)] and poorly differentiated neoplasms and both express somatostatin receptors, they exhibit a wide variation in clinical behavior. TNETs are more aggressive, are frequently metastatic, and have a lower 5-year survival rate (~50% vs. ~80%) than BPNETs. They are typically symptomatic, most often secreting ACTH (40% of tumors) but both tumor groups share secretion of common biomarkers including chromogranin A and 5-HIAA. Consistently effective and accurate circulating biomarkers are, however, currently unavailable. Surgery is the primary therapeutic tool for both BPNET and TNETs but there remains little consensus about later interventions e.g., targeted therapy, or how these can be monitored. Genetic analyses have identified different topographies (e.g., significant alterations in chromatin and epigenetic remodeling in BPNETs versus frequent chromosomal abnormalities in TNETs) but there is an absence of clinically actionable mutations in both tumor groups. Liquid biopsies, tools that can measure neoplastic signatures in peripheral blood, can potentially be leveraged to detect disease early i.e., recurrence, predict tumors that may respond to specific therapies and serve as real-time monitors for treatment responses. Recent studies have identified that mRNA transcript analysis in blood effectively identifies both BPNET and TNETs. The clinical utility of this gene expression assay includes use as a diagnostic, confirmation of completeness of surgical resection and use as a molecular management tool to monitor efficacy of PRRT and other therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mark Kidd
- Wren Laboratories, Branford, CT, USA
| | | | | | | | - Jaroslaw Cwikla
- The Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Warmia and Mazury, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Lisa Bodei
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
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8
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Bao P, Yokobori T, Altan B, Iijima M, Azuma Y, Onozato R, Yajima T, Watanabe A, Mogi A, Shimizu K, Nagashima T, Ohtaki Y, Obayashi K, Nakazawa S, Bai T, Kawabata-Iwakawa R, Asao T, Kaira K, Nishiyama M, Kuwano H. High STMN1 Expression is Associated with Cancer Progression and Chemo-Resistance in Lung Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Ann Surg Oncol 2017; 24:4017-4024. [PMID: 28933054 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-017-6083-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Known as a microtubule-destabilizing protein, STMN1 (gene symbol: STMN1) regulates the dynamics of microtubules, cell cycle progress, and chemo-resistance against taxane agents. It is highly expressed in various human cancers and involved in cancer progression as well as poor prognosis. METHODS Expression of STMN1 was examined by immunohistochemistry using FFPE tissue sections from 186 patients with lung squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC). Analysis of STMN1 suppression was performed for STMN1 small interfering RNA (siRNA)-transfected LSCC cell lines to determine the change in proliferation, invasive and apoptosis abilities, and paclitaxel sensitivity. RESULTS The cytoplasmic STMN1 expression in LSCC was higher than in normal tissues. The high expression was significantly associated with vascular invasion (P = 0.0477) and poor prognosis. In addition, the proliferating and invasive abilities were decreased, and the apoptosis ability and paclitaxel sensitivity were increased in STMN1-suppressed LSCC cells compared with control cells. CONCLUSION The results suggest that STMN1 is a prognostic factor that also is associated with caner progression and chemo-resistance. Therefore, STMN1 could be a predictor for poor prognosis and a potential therapeutic target in LSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pinjie Bao
- Department of General Surgical Science, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma, Japan
| | - Takehiko Yokobori
- Department of General Surgical Science, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma, Japan. .,Research Program for Omics-Based Medical Science, Division of Integrated Oncology Research, Gunma University Initiative for Advanced Research, Gunma, Japan.
| | - Bolag Altan
- Department of Oncology Clinical Development, Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma University, Gunma, Japan
| | - Misaki Iijima
- Department of General Surgical Science, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma, Japan
| | - Youko Azuma
- Department of General Surgical Science, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma, Japan
| | - Ryoichi Onozato
- Department of General Surgical Science, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma, Japan
| | - Toshiki Yajima
- Department of General Surgical Science, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma, Japan
| | - Akira Watanabe
- Department of General Surgical Science, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma, Japan
| | - Akira Mogi
- Department of General Surgical Science, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma, Japan
| | - Kimihiro Shimizu
- Department of Thoracic and Visceral Organ Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma University, Gunma, Japan
| | - Toshiteru Nagashima
- Department of Thoracic and Visceral Organ Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma University, Gunma, Japan
| | - Yoichi Ohtaki
- Department of Thoracic and Visceral Organ Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma University, Gunma, Japan
| | - Kai Obayashi
- Department of Thoracic and Visceral Organ Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma University, Gunma, Japan
| | - Seshiru Nakazawa
- Department of Thoracic and Visceral Organ Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma University, Gunma, Japan
| | - Tuya Bai
- Department of General Surgical Science, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma, Japan
| | - Reika Kawabata-Iwakawa
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma University, Gunma, Japan
| | - Takayuki Asao
- Big Data Center for Integrative Analysis, Gunma University Initiative for Advance Research, Gunma, Japan
| | - Kyoichi Kaira
- Department of Oncology Clinical Development, Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma University, Gunma, Japan
| | - Masahiko Nishiyama
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma University, Gunma, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Kuwano
- Department of General Surgical Science, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma, Japan
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9
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Stathmin 1 expression predicts prognosis and benefits from adjuvant chemotherapy in patients with gallbladder carcinoma. Oncotarget 2017; 8:108548-108555. [PMID: 29312550 PMCID: PMC5752463 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.19625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2017] [Accepted: 06/30/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Abnormal expression of Stathmin 1(STMN1) plays an important role in the proliferation and migration of gallbladder carcinoma (GBC). The purpose of current study is to investigate the prognostic significance of STMN1 in GBC patients after surgery. Methods STMN1 expression was evaluated with immunohistochemistry (IHC) on tissue microarrays from 70 GBC patients from a single institution between 2009 and 2013. The correlation between STMN1 expression and clinicopathological profiles and the prognosis was statistically inspected. Results High expression of STMN1 in tumoral tissue was associated with poor tumor differentiation (P<0.001), lymph node metastasis (P=0.028), advanced TNM stage (P=0.011) and short overall survival (P<0.001). Cox multivariate analysis identified the STMN1 expression as an independent prognostic factor. Integrating STMN1 expression with current TNM staging system generate a better clinical predictive model for GBC. Moreover, the postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy (ACT) showed significant benefit in TNM III- IV stage patients with low STMN1 expression. Conclusion STMN1 might be an independent adverse prognostic factor in GBC patients after surgery, which could be combined with TNM staging system to improve the predictive accuracy for overall survival. Low expression of STMN1 stratified a subgroup of advanced GBC patients who could benefit from ACT.
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Benthuysen JR, Carrano AC, Sander M. Advances in β cell replacement and regeneration strategies for treating diabetes. J Clin Invest 2016; 126:3651-3660. [PMID: 27694741 DOI: 10.1172/jci87439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In the past decade, new approaches have been explored that are aimed at restoring functional β cell mass as a treatment strategy for diabetes. The two most intensely pursued strategies are β cell replacement through conversion of other cell types and β cell regeneration by enhancement of β cell replication. The approach closest to clinical implementation is the replacement of β cells with human pluripotent stem cell-derived (hPSC-derived) cells, which are currently under investigation in a clinical trial to assess their safety in humans. In addition, there has been success in reprogramming developmentally related cell types into β cells. Reprogramming approaches could find therapeutic applications by inducing β cell conversion in vivo or by reprogramming cells ex vivo followed by implantation. Finally, recent studies have revealed novel pharmacologic targets for stimulating β cell replication. Manipulating these targets or the pathways they regulate could be a strategy for promoting the expansion of residual β cells in diabetic patients. Here, we provide an overview of progress made toward β cell replacement and regeneration and discuss promises and challenges for clinical implementation of these strategies.
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Biaoxue R, Xiguang C, Hua L, Shuanying Y. Stathmin-dependent molecular targeting therapy for malignant tumor: the latest 5 years' discoveries and developments. J Transl Med 2016; 14:279. [PMID: 27670291 PMCID: PMC5037901 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-016-1000-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2016] [Accepted: 08/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Knowledge of the molecular mechanisms on malignant tumors is very critical for the development of new treatment strategies like molecularly targeted therapies. In last 5 years, many investigations suggest that stathmin is over-expressed in a variety of human malignant tumors, and potentially promotes the occurrence and development of tumors. Rather, down-regulation of stathmin can reduce cell proliferation, motility and metastasis and induce apoptosis of malignant tumors. Thus, a stathmin antagonist, such as a specific inhibitor (antibody, small molecule compound, peptide, or siRNA), may be a novel strategy of molecular targeted therapy. This review summarizes the research progress of recent 5 years on the role of stathmin in tumorigenesis, the molecular mechanisms and development of anti-stathmin treatment, which suggest that continued investigations into the function of stathmin in the tumorigenesis could lead to more rationally designed therapeutics targeting stathmin for treating human malignant tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Biaoxue
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, China.
| | - Cai Xiguang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, China
| | - Liu Hua
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yang Shuanying
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
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12
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Zhang X, Ji J, Yang Y, Zhang J, Shen L. Stathmin1 increases radioresistance by enhancing autophagy in non-small-cell lung cancer cells. Onco Targets Ther 2016; 9:2565-74. [PMID: 27199567 PMCID: PMC4857807 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s100468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Radioresistance has been demonstrated to be involved in the poor prognosis of patients with non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, the underlying mechanism remains largely unclear. Investigation on special therapeutic targets associated with radioresistance shows promises for the enhancement of clinical radiotherapy effect toward NSCLC. This study aimed to reveal the role of Stathmin1 (STMN1) in radioresistance in NSCLC as well as the underlying mechanism. Our data showed that the protein levels of STMN1 were significantly upregulated in NSCLC cells subjected to radiation, accompanied with the activation of autophagy. Knockdown of STMN1 expression enhanced the sensitivity of NSCLC cells to X-ray, and the radiation-induced autophagy was also inhibited. Molecular mechanism investigation showed that knockdown of STMN1 expression upregulated the activity of phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway in NSCLC cells. Moreover, the activation of PI3K/mTOR signaling showed an inhibitory effect on the autophagy and radioresistance induced by STMN1 in NSCLC cells. In addition, luciferase reporter assay data indicated that STMN1 was a direct target gene of miR-101, which had been reported to be an inhibitor of autophagy. Based on these data, we suggest that as a target gene of miR-101, STMN1 promotes the radioresistance by induction of autophagy through PI3K/mTOR signaling pathway in NSCLC. Therefore, STMN1 may become a potential therapeutic target for NSCLC radiotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China; Department of Oncology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingfen Ji
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Yang
- Department of Oncology, 163 Hospital of PLA, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Juan Zhang
- Department of Oncology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Liangfang Shen
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
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13
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Elevated STMN1 promotes tumor growth and invasion in endometrial carcinoma. Tumour Biol 2016; 37:9951-8. [DOI: 10.1007/s13277-016-4869-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2015] [Accepted: 01/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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14
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Horn S, Kirkegaard JS, Hoelper S, Seymour PA, Rescan C, Nielsen JH, Madsen OD, Jensen JN, Krüger M, Grønborg M, Ahnfelt-Rønne J. Research Resource: A Dual Proteomic Approach Identifies Regulated Islet Proteins During β-Cell Mass Expansion In Vivo. Mol Endocrinol 2015; 30:133-43. [PMID: 26649805 DOI: 10.1210/me.2015-1208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes is characterized by insulin insufficiency due to a relative paucity of functional β-cell mass. Thus, strategies for increasing β-cell mass in situ are sought-after for therapeutic purposes. Pregnancy is a physiological state capable of inducing robust β-cell mass expansion, however, the mechanisms driving this expansion are not fully understood. Thus, the aim of this study was to characterize pregnancy-induced changes in the islet proteome at the peak of β-cell proliferation in mice. Islets from pregnant and nonpregnant littermates were compared via 2 proteomic strategies. In vivo pulsed stable isotope labeling of amino acids in cell culture was used to monitor de novo protein synthesis during the first 14.5 days of pregnancy. In parallel, protein abundance was determined using ex vivo dimethyl labelling at gestational day 14.5. Comparison of the 2 datasets revealed 170 islet proteins to be up regulated as a response to pregnancy. These included several proteins, not previously associated with pregnancy-induced islet expansion, such as CLIC1, STMN1, MCM6, PPIB, NEDD4, and HLTF. Confirming the validity of our approach, we also identified proteins encoded by genes known to be associated with pregnancy-induced islet expansion, such as CHGB, IGFBP5, MATN2, EHHADH, IVD, and BMP1. Bioinformatic analyses demonstrated enrichment and activation of the biological functions: "protein synthesis" and "proliferation," and predicted the transcription factors HNF4α, MYC, MYCN, E2F1, NFE2L2, and HNF1α as upstream regulators of the observed expressional changes. As the first characterization of the islet-proteome during pregnancy, this study provides novel insight into the mechanisms involved in promoting pregnancy-induced β-cell mass expansion and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Signe Horn
- Global Research (S.Hor., J.S.K., C.R., O.D.M., J.N.J., M.G., J.A.-R.), Novo Nordisk A/S, 2870 Maaloev, Denmark; Department of Biomedical Sciences (S.Hor., J.S.K., J.H.N.), University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark; Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research (S.Hoe.), 61231 Bad Nauheim, Germany; The Danish Stem Cell Center (P.A.S., O.D.M.), University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark; and Institute of Genetics (M.K.), Cluster of Excellence in Cellular Stress Responses, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Jeannette S Kirkegaard
- Global Research (S.Hor., J.S.K., C.R., O.D.M., J.N.J., M.G., J.A.-R.), Novo Nordisk A/S, 2870 Maaloev, Denmark; Department of Biomedical Sciences (S.Hor., J.S.K., J.H.N.), University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark; Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research (S.Hoe.), 61231 Bad Nauheim, Germany; The Danish Stem Cell Center (P.A.S., O.D.M.), University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark; and Institute of Genetics (M.K.), Cluster of Excellence in Cellular Stress Responses, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Soraya Hoelper
- Global Research (S.Hor., J.S.K., C.R., O.D.M., J.N.J., M.G., J.A.-R.), Novo Nordisk A/S, 2870 Maaloev, Denmark; Department of Biomedical Sciences (S.Hor., J.S.K., J.H.N.), University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark; Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research (S.Hoe.), 61231 Bad Nauheim, Germany; The Danish Stem Cell Center (P.A.S., O.D.M.), University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark; and Institute of Genetics (M.K.), Cluster of Excellence in Cellular Stress Responses, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Philip A Seymour
- Global Research (S.Hor., J.S.K., C.R., O.D.M., J.N.J., M.G., J.A.-R.), Novo Nordisk A/S, 2870 Maaloev, Denmark; Department of Biomedical Sciences (S.Hor., J.S.K., J.H.N.), University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark; Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research (S.Hoe.), 61231 Bad Nauheim, Germany; The Danish Stem Cell Center (P.A.S., O.D.M.), University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark; and Institute of Genetics (M.K.), Cluster of Excellence in Cellular Stress Responses, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Claude Rescan
- Global Research (S.Hor., J.S.K., C.R., O.D.M., J.N.J., M.G., J.A.-R.), Novo Nordisk A/S, 2870 Maaloev, Denmark; Department of Biomedical Sciences (S.Hor., J.S.K., J.H.N.), University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark; Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research (S.Hoe.), 61231 Bad Nauheim, Germany; The Danish Stem Cell Center (P.A.S., O.D.M.), University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark; and Institute of Genetics (M.K.), Cluster of Excellence in Cellular Stress Responses, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Jens H Nielsen
- Global Research (S.Hor., J.S.K., C.R., O.D.M., J.N.J., M.G., J.A.-R.), Novo Nordisk A/S, 2870 Maaloev, Denmark; Department of Biomedical Sciences (S.Hor., J.S.K., J.H.N.), University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark; Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research (S.Hoe.), 61231 Bad Nauheim, Germany; The Danish Stem Cell Center (P.A.S., O.D.M.), University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark; and Institute of Genetics (M.K.), Cluster of Excellence in Cellular Stress Responses, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Ole D Madsen
- Global Research (S.Hor., J.S.K., C.R., O.D.M., J.N.J., M.G., J.A.-R.), Novo Nordisk A/S, 2870 Maaloev, Denmark; Department of Biomedical Sciences (S.Hor., J.S.K., J.H.N.), University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark; Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research (S.Hoe.), 61231 Bad Nauheim, Germany; The Danish Stem Cell Center (P.A.S., O.D.M.), University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark; and Institute of Genetics (M.K.), Cluster of Excellence in Cellular Stress Responses, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Jan N Jensen
- Global Research (S.Hor., J.S.K., C.R., O.D.M., J.N.J., M.G., J.A.-R.), Novo Nordisk A/S, 2870 Maaloev, Denmark; Department of Biomedical Sciences (S.Hor., J.S.K., J.H.N.), University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark; Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research (S.Hoe.), 61231 Bad Nauheim, Germany; The Danish Stem Cell Center (P.A.S., O.D.M.), University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark; and Institute of Genetics (M.K.), Cluster of Excellence in Cellular Stress Responses, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Marcus Krüger
- Global Research (S.Hor., J.S.K., C.R., O.D.M., J.N.J., M.G., J.A.-R.), Novo Nordisk A/S, 2870 Maaloev, Denmark; Department of Biomedical Sciences (S.Hor., J.S.K., J.H.N.), University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark; Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research (S.Hoe.), 61231 Bad Nauheim, Germany; The Danish Stem Cell Center (P.A.S., O.D.M.), University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark; and Institute of Genetics (M.K.), Cluster of Excellence in Cellular Stress Responses, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Mads Grønborg
- Global Research (S.Hor., J.S.K., C.R., O.D.M., J.N.J., M.G., J.A.-R.), Novo Nordisk A/S, 2870 Maaloev, Denmark; Department of Biomedical Sciences (S.Hor., J.S.K., J.H.N.), University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark; Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research (S.Hoe.), 61231 Bad Nauheim, Germany; The Danish Stem Cell Center (P.A.S., O.D.M.), University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark; and Institute of Genetics (M.K.), Cluster of Excellence in Cellular Stress Responses, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Jonas Ahnfelt-Rønne
- Global Research (S.Hor., J.S.K., C.R., O.D.M., J.N.J., M.G., J.A.-R.), Novo Nordisk A/S, 2870 Maaloev, Denmark; Department of Biomedical Sciences (S.Hor., J.S.K., J.H.N.), University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark; Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research (S.Hoe.), 61231 Bad Nauheim, Germany; The Danish Stem Cell Center (P.A.S., O.D.M.), University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark; and Institute of Genetics (M.K.), Cluster of Excellence in Cellular Stress Responses, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
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15
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Li X, Wang L, Li T, You B, Shan Y, Shi S, Qian L, Cao X. STMN1 overexpression correlates with biological behavior in human cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma. Pathol Res Pract 2015; 211:816-23. [PMID: 26235036 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2015.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2014] [Revised: 05/25/2015] [Accepted: 07/13/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Stathmin 1 (STMN1) is an important molecule in regulating cellular microtubule dynamics and promoting microtubule depolymerization in interphase and late mitosis. Evidences showed that STMN1 was up-regulated in many cancers, but there was no report about the roles of STMN1 in human cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC). Here, we confirmed significant upregulation of STMN1 in cSCC tissues and cell lines compared with non-tumor counterparts. STMN1 upregulation was associated with the proliferation, migration, invasion and apoptosis of cSCC cells. The results suggested that STMN1 may play an important role in the development and tumor progression of cSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingyu Li
- Department of Pathological Anatomy, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, People's Republic of China
| | - Lulu Wang
- Nantong Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, People's Republic of China
| | - Tiejun Li
- Department of Pathological Anatomy, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, People's Republic of China; Small RNA Technology and Application Institute, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226016, People's Republic of China
| | - Bo You
- Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, People's Republic of China
| | - Yin Shan
- Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, People's Republic of China
| | - Si Shi
- Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Qian
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xiaolei Cao
- Department of Pathological Anatomy, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, People's Republic of China.
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