1
|
Brzozowa-Zasada M, Piecuch A, Michalski M, Matysiak N, Kucharzewski M, Łos MJ. The Clinical Application of Immunohistochemical Expression of Notch4 Protein in Patients with Colon Adenocarcinoma. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24087502. [PMID: 37108670 PMCID: PMC10138794 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24087502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The Notch signalling pathway is one of the most conserved and well-characterised pathways involved in cell fate decisions and the development of many diseases, including cancer. Among them, it is worth noting the Notch4 receptor and its clinical application, which may have prognostic value in patients with colon adenocarcinoma. The study was performed on 129 colon adenocarcinomas. Immunohistochemical and fluorescence expression of Notch4 was performed using the Notch4 antibody. The associations between the IHC expression of Notch4 and clinical parameters were analysed using the Chi2 test or Chi2Yatesa test. The Kaplan-Meier analysis and the log-rank test were used to verify the relationship between the intensity of Notch4 expression and the 5-year survival rate of patients. Intracellular localisation of Notch4 was detected by the use of the immunogold labelling method and TEM. 101 (78.29%) samples had strong Notch4 protein expression, and 28 (21.71%) samples were characterised by low expression. The high expression of Notch4 was clearly correlated with the histological grade of the tumour (p < 0.001), PCNA immunohistochemical expression (p < 0.001), depth of invasion (p < 0.001) and angioinvasion (p < 0.001). We can conclude that high expression of Notch4 is correlated with poor prognosis of colon adenocarcinoma patients (log-rank, p < 0.001).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marlena Brzozowa-Zasada
- Department of Histology and Cell Pathology in Zabrze, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 40-055 Katowice, Poland
| | - Adam Piecuch
- Department of Histology and Cell Pathology in Zabrze, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 40-055 Katowice, Poland
| | - Marek Michalski
- Department of Histology and Cell Pathology in Zabrze, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 40-055 Katowice, Poland
- Silesian Nanomicroscopy Centre in Zabrze, Silesia LabMed- Research and Implementation Centre, Medical University of Silesia, 40-055 Katowice, Poland
| | - Natalia Matysiak
- Department of Histology and Cell Pathology in Zabrze, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 40-055 Katowice, Poland
| | - Marek Kucharzewski
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Jan Dlugosz University of Czestochowa, 42-200 Czestochowa, Poland
| | - Marek J Łos
- Department of Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, 71-344 Szczecin, Poland
- Autophagy Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz 7134845794, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Zhdanovskaya N, Firrincieli M, Lazzari S, Pace E, Scribani Rossi P, Felli MP, Talora C, Screpanti I, Palermo R. Targeting Notch to Maximize Chemotherapeutic Benefits: Rationale, Advanced Strategies, and Future Perspectives. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13205106. [PMID: 34680255 PMCID: PMC8533696 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13205106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 10/03/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The Notch signaling pathway regulates cell proliferation, apoptosis, stem cell self-renewal, and differentiation in a context-dependent fashion both during embryonic development and in adult tissue homeostasis. Consistent with its pleiotropic physiological role, unproper activation of the signaling promotes or counteracts tumor pathogenesis and therapy response in distinct tissues. In the last twenty years, a wide number of studies have highlighted the anti-cancer potential of Notch-modulating agents as single treatment and in combination with the existent therapies. However, most of these strategies have failed in the clinical exploration due to dose-limiting toxicity and low efficacy, encouraging the development of novel agents and the design of more appropriate combinations between Notch signaling inhibitors and chemotherapeutic drugs with improved safety and effectiveness for distinct types of cancer. Abstract Notch signaling guides cell fate decisions by affecting proliferation, apoptosis, stem cell self-renewal, and differentiation depending on cell and tissue context. Given its multifaceted function during tissue development, both overactivation and loss of Notch signaling have been linked to tumorigenesis in ways that are either oncogenic or oncosuppressive, but always context-dependent. Notch signaling is critical for several mechanisms of chemoresistance including cancer stem cell maintenance, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, tumor-stroma interaction, and malignant neovascularization that makes its targeting an appealing strategy against tumor growth and recurrence. During the last decades, numerous Notch-interfering agents have been developed, and the abundant preclinical evidence has been transformed in orphan drug approval for few rare diseases. However, the majority of Notch-dependent malignancies remain untargeted, even if the application of Notch inhibitors alone or in combination with common chemotherapeutic drugs is being evaluated in clinical trials. The modest clinical success of current Notch-targeting strategies is mostly due to their limited efficacy and severe on-target toxicity in Notch-controlled healthy tissues. Here, we review the available preclinical and clinical evidence on combinatorial treatment between different Notch signaling inhibitors and existent chemotherapeutic drugs, providing a comprehensive picture of molecular mechanisms explaining the potential or lacking success of these combinations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nadezda Zhdanovskaya
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (N.Z.); (M.F.); (S.L.); (E.P.); (P.S.R.); (C.T.)
| | - Mariarosaria Firrincieli
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (N.Z.); (M.F.); (S.L.); (E.P.); (P.S.R.); (C.T.)
- Center for Life Nano Science, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Sara Lazzari
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (N.Z.); (M.F.); (S.L.); (E.P.); (P.S.R.); (C.T.)
| | - Eleonora Pace
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (N.Z.); (M.F.); (S.L.); (E.P.); (P.S.R.); (C.T.)
| | - Pietro Scribani Rossi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (N.Z.); (M.F.); (S.L.); (E.P.); (P.S.R.); (C.T.)
| | - Maria Pia Felli
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy;
| | - Claudio Talora
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (N.Z.); (M.F.); (S.L.); (E.P.); (P.S.R.); (C.T.)
| | - Isabella Screpanti
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (N.Z.); (M.F.); (S.L.); (E.P.); (P.S.R.); (C.T.)
- Correspondence: (I.S.); (R.P.)
| | - Rocco Palermo
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (N.Z.); (M.F.); (S.L.); (E.P.); (P.S.R.); (C.T.)
- Center for Life Nano Science, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, 00161 Rome, Italy
- Correspondence: (I.S.); (R.P.)
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Bryan S, Witzel I, Borgmann K, Oliveira-Ferrer L. Molecular Mechanisms Associated with Brain Metastases in HER2-Positive and Triple Negative Breast Cancers. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:4137. [PMID: 34439289 PMCID: PMC8392331 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13164137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Revised: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is the most frequent cause of cancer-associated death for women worldwide, with deaths commonly resulting from metastatic spread to distant organs. Approximately 30% of metastatic BC patients develop brain metastases (BM), a currently incurable diagnosis. The influence of BC molecular subtype and gene expression on breast cancer brain metastasis (BCBM) development and patient prognosis is undeniable and is, therefore, an important focus point in the attempt to combat the disease. The HER2-positive and triple-negative molecular subtypes are associated with an increased risk of developing BCBM. Several genetic and molecular mechanisms linked to HER2-positive and triple-negative BC breast cancers appear to influence BCBM formation on several levels, including increased development of circulating tumor cells (CTCs), enhanced epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and migration of primary BC cells to the brain and/or through superior local invasiveness aided by cancer stem-like cells (CSCs). These specific BC characteristics, together with the ensuing developments at a clinical level, are presented in this review article, drawing a connection between research findings and related therapeutic strategies aimed at preventing BCBM formation and/or progression. Furthermore, we briefly address the critical limitations in our current understanding of this complex topic, highlighting potential focal points for future research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Bryan
- Department of Gynaecology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany; (S.B.); (I.W.)
| | - Isabell Witzel
- Department of Gynaecology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany; (S.B.); (I.W.)
| | - Kerstin Borgmann
- Center of Oncology, Laboratory of Radiobiology & Experimental Radiooncology, Department of Radiotherapy and Radiooncology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20251 Hamburg, Germany;
| | - Leticia Oliveira-Ferrer
- Department of Gynaecology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany; (S.B.); (I.W.)
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Nandi A, Chakrabarti R. The many facets of Notch signaling in breast cancer: toward overcoming therapeutic resistance. Genes Dev 2021; 34:1422-1438. [PMID: 33872192 PMCID: PMC7608750 DOI: 10.1101/gad.342287.120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
In this review, Nandi et al. revisit the mechanisms by which Notch receptors and ligands contribute to normal mammary gland development and breast tumor progression. The authors also discuss combinatorial approaches aimed at disrupting Notch- and TME-mediated resistance that may improve prognosis in breast cancer patients. Breast cancer is the second leading cause of cancer-related death in women and is a complex disease with high intratumoral and intertumoral heterogeneity. Such heterogeneity is a major driving force behind failure of current therapies and development of resistance. Due to the limitations of conventional therapies and inevitable emergence of acquired drug resistance (chemo and endocrine) as well as radio resistance, it is essential to design novel therapeutic strategies to improve the prognosis for breast cancer patients. Deregulated Notch signaling within the breast tumor and its tumor microenvironment (TME) is linked to poor clinical outcomes in treatment of resistant breast cancer. Notch receptors and ligands are also important for normal mammary development, suggesting the potential for conserved signaling pathways between normal mammary gland development and breast cancer. In this review, we focus on mechanisms by which Notch receptors and ligands contribute to normal mammary gland development and breast tumor progression. We also discuss how complex interactions between cancer cells and the TME may reduce treatment efficacy and ultimately lead to acquired drug or radio resistance. Potential combinatorial approaches aimed at disrupting Notch- and TME-mediated resistance that may aid in achieving in an improved patient prognosis are also highlighted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ajeya Nandi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
| | - Rumela Chakrabarti
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Jiang H, Li X, Wang W, Dong H. Long non-coding RNA SNHG3 promotes breast cancer cell proliferation and metastasis by binding to microRNA-154-3p and activating the notch signaling pathway. BMC Cancer 2020; 20:838. [PMID: 32883233 PMCID: PMC7469338 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-020-07275-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2019] [Accepted: 08/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breast cancer (BC) is a malignant tumor that occurs in the epithelial tissue of the breast gland. Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) small nucleolar RNA host gene 3 (SNHG3) has been found to promote BC cell proliferation and invasion by regulating the microRNA (miR)-101/zinc-finger enhancer binding axis in BC. Herein, the objective of the present study is to evaluate the effect of lncRNA SNHG3 on BC cell proliferation and metastasis with the Notch signaling pathway. METHODS Differentially expressed lncRNA in BC tissues and normal breast tissues was analyzed. SNHG3 si-RNA-1 and SNHG3 si-RNA-2 were constructed to detect the mechanism of SNHG3 interference in BC cell proliferation, viability, migration and invasion. Then, dual-luciferase reporter gene assay was utilized to verify the binding relation between SNHG3 and miR-154-3p as well as miR-154-3p and Notch2. Moreover, xenograft transplantation was applied to confirm the in vitro experiments. RESULTS Highly expressed SNHG3 was observed in BC tissues. The growth of BC cells in vivo and in vitro was evidently repressed after silencing SNHG3. BC cell invasion and migration were inhibited by silencing SNHG3 in vitro. SNHG3 could act as a competing endogenous RNA of miR-154-3p and upregulate the Notch signaling pathway to promote BC cell development. Activation of the Notch signaling pathway can partly reverse the inhibition of cell activity induced by silencing SNHG3. CONCLUSION Our study demonstrated that interfered lncRNA SNHG3 promoted BC cell proliferation and metastasis by activating the Notch signaling pathway. This investigation may offer new insight for BC treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hongnan Jiang
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, PR China
| | - Xiaojun Li
- Department of Rdaiology, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, PR China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, PR China
| | - Honglin Dong
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, No. 382, Wuyi Road, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Ma B, Guo W, Shan M, Zhang N, Ma B, Sun G. BRCA1 subcellular localization regulated by PI3K signaling pathway in triple-negative breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cells and hormone-sensitive T47D cells. Open Life Sci 2020; 15:501-510. [PMID: 33817238 PMCID: PMC7874579 DOI: 10.1515/biol-2020-0054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Revised: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
This study is to investigate the effect of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway on the regulation of BRCA1 subcellular localization in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) MDA-MB-231 cells and hormone-sensitive T47D cells. We found that heregulin-activated T47D cells showed more nuclear localization of BRCA1, but BRCA1 nuclear localization decreased after the inhibition of the PI3K signaling pathway. In MDA-MB-231 cells, activation or inhibition of the PI3K signaling pathway did not significantly affect cell apoptosis and BRCA1 nuclear translocation (P > 0.05). However, in T47D cells, the activation of the PI3K pathway significantly increased cell apoptosis (P < 0.05). In the heregulin-activated MDA-MB-231 and T47D cells, the phosphorylation of Akt and BRCA1 was significantly increased (P < 0.05), while that was significantly reduced after PI3K pathway inhibition (P < 0.05). The changing trends of the mRNA levels of Akt and BRCA1 in MDA-MB-231 and T47D cells after PI3K pathway activation or inhibition were consistent with the trends of their proteins. In both MDA-MB-231 and T47D cells, BRCA1 phosphorylation is regulated by the PI3K signaling pathway, but the nuclear localization of BRCA1 is different in these two cell lines. Moreover, the apoptosis rates of these two cell lines are different.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bin Ma
- Department of Breast and Head & Neck, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, No. 789 Suzhou East Street, Urumqi 830011, Xinjiang, P. R. China
| | - Wenjia Guo
- Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Cancer Research Institute, Urumqi 830011, Xinjiang, P. R. China
| | - Meihui Shan
- Department of Breast and Head & Neck, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, No. 789 Suzhou East Street, Urumqi 830011, Xinjiang, P. R. China
| | - Nan Zhang
- Department of Breast and Head & Neck, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, No. 789 Suzhou East Street, Urumqi 830011, Xinjiang, P. R. China
| | - Binlin Ma
- Department of Breast and Head & Neck, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, No. 789 Suzhou East Street, Urumqi 830011, Xinjiang, P. R. China
| | - Gang Sun
- Department of Breast and Head & Neck, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, No. 789 Suzhou East Street, Urumqi 830011, Xinjiang, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Xu Q, Lin D, Li X, Xiao R, Liu Z, Xiong W, Cai L, He F. Association between single nucleotide polymorphisms of NOTCH signaling pathway-related genes and the prognosis of NSCLC. Cancer Manag Res 2019; 11:6895-6905. [PMID: 31413635 PMCID: PMC6662170 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s197747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2018] [Accepted: 06/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective In this study, we analyzed the association between genetic variants of genes in the NOTCH signaling pathway and the prognosis of non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in the Chinese population. We also explored the interaction between genetic and epidemiological factors for the test group. Methods We performed genotyping of 987 NSCLC patients. Then, we used Cox proportional hazard models to analyze the associations between single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and the prognosis of NSCLC. We employed Stata software to test the heterogeneity of associations between subgroups, and we analyzed the additive and multiplicative interactions between SNPs and epidemiologic factors. Results This work revealed the important prognostic and predictive value of rs915894 in the NOTCH4 gene, which may be regarded as a promising prognosis biomarker of NSCLC. Cox regression analysis indicated that the C allele of rs915894 is associated with longer survival and decreased risk of death in NSCLC (codominant model: adjusted HR =0.83, 95% CI =0.70-0.99; dominant model: adjusted HR =0.83, 95% CI =0.71-0.98). Additional stepwise regression analysis suggested that this SNP is an independently favorable factor for the prognosis of NSCLC (dominant model: adjusted HR =0.85, 95% CI =0.72-0.99). This protective effect is more pronounced for patients who are not smokers, have a history of other lung diseases, or have a family history of cancer. We also detected statistically significant additive and multiplicative interactions between rs915894 and smoking, rs915894 and history of lung diseases, and rs915894 and family history of cancer, which all affect NSCLC survival. Conclusion This study demonstrated that rs915894 in NOTCH 4 may be a genetic marker for NSCLC prognosis in the Chinese population and that rs915894 may have an interactive relationship with epidemiologic factors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qiuping Xu
- Medical Department, The Affiliated Hospital of Putian University, Putian, Fujian, People's Republic of China.,Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| | - Danhua Lin
- Medical Department, The Affiliated Hospital of Putian University, Putian, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| | - Xu Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| | - Rendong Xiao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiqiang Liu
- The United Innovation of Mengchao Hepatobiliary Technology Key Laboratory of Fujian Province, Mengchao Hepatobiliary Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| | - Weimin Xiong
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| | - Lin Cai
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| | - Fei He
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Notch Signaling Activation as a Hallmark for Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Subtype. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2019; 2019:8707053. [PMID: 31379945 PMCID: PMC6657611 DOI: 10.1155/2019/8707053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2019] [Accepted: 06/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a subgroup of 15%-20% of diagnosed breast cancer patients. It is generally considered to be the most difficult breast cancer subtype to deal with, due to the lack of estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), which usually direct targeted therapies. In this scenario, the current treatments of TNBC-affected patients rely on tumor excision and conventional chemotherapy. As a result, the prognosis is overall poor. Thus, the identification and characterization of targets for novel therapies are urgently required. The Notch signaling pathway has emerged to act in the pathogenesis and tumor progression of TNBCs. Firstly, Notch receptors are associated with the regulation of tumor-initiating cells (TICs) behavior, as well as with the aetiology of TNBCs. Secondly, there is a strong evidence that Notch pathway is a relevant player in mammary cancer stem cells maintenance and expansion. Finally, Notch receptors expression and activation strongly correlate with the aggressive clinicopathological and biological phenotypes of breast cancer (e.g., invasiveness and chemoresistance), which are relevant characteristics of TNBC subtype. The purpose of this up-to-date review is to provide a detailed overview of the specific role of all four Notch receptors (Notch1, Notch2, Notch3, and Notch4) in TNBCs, thus identifying the Notch signaling pathway deregulation/activation as a pathognomonic feature of this breast cancer subtype. Furthermore, this review will also discuss recent information associated with different therapeutic options related to the four Notch receptors, which may be useful to evaluate prognostic or predictive indicators as well as to develop new therapies aimed at improving the clinical outcome of TNBC patients.
Collapse
|
9
|
Notch2 pathway mediates breast cancer cellular dormancy and mobilisation in bone and contributes to haematopoietic stem cell mimicry. Br J Cancer 2019; 121:157-171. [PMID: 31239543 PMCID: PMC6738045 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-019-0501-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2018] [Revised: 05/17/2019] [Accepted: 05/23/2019] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Recurrence after >5-year disease-free survival affects one-fifth of breast cancer patients and is the clinical manifestation of cancer cell reactivation after persistent dormancy. Methods We investigated cellular dormancy in vitro and in vivo using breast cancer cell lines and cell and molecular biology techniques. Results We demonstrated cellular dormancy in breast cancer bone metastasis, associated with haematopoietic stem cell (HSC) mimicry, in vivo competition for HSC engraftment and non-random distribution of dormant cells at the endosteal niche. Notch2 signal implication was demonstrated by immunophenotyping the endosteal niche-associated cancer cells and upon co-culture with sorted endosteal niche cells, which inhibited breast cancer cell proliferation in a Notch2-dependent manner. Blocking this signal by in vivo acute administration of the γ-secretase inhibitor, dibenzazepine, induced dormant cell mobilisation from the endosteal niche and colonisation of visceral organs. Sorted Notch2HIGH breast cancer cells exhibited a unique stem phenotype similar to HSCs and in vitro tumour-initiating ability in mammosphere assay. Human samples confirmed the existence of a small Notch2HIGH cell population in primary and bone metastatic breast cancers, with a survival advantage for Notch2HIGH vs Notch2LOW patients. Conclusions Notch2 represents a key determinant of breast cancer cellular dormancy and mobilisation in the bone microenvironment.
Collapse
|
10
|
Prognostic values of F-box members in breast cancer: an online database analysis and literature review. Biosci Rep 2019; 39:BSR20180949. [PMID: 30341246 PMCID: PMC6328874 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20180949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2018] [Revised: 10/01/2018] [Accepted: 10/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: F-box proteins are the substrate-recognizing subunits of SKP1 (S-phase kinase-associated protein 1)–cullin1–F-box protein (SCF) E3 ligase complexes that play pivotal roles in multiple cellular processes, including cell proliferation, apoptosis, angiogenesis, invasion, and metastasis. Dysregulation of F-box proteins may lead to an unbalanced proteolysis of numerous protein substrates, contributing to progression of human malignancies. However, the prognostic values of F-box members, especially at mRNA levels, in breast cancer (BC) are elusive. Methods: An online database, which is constructed based on the gene expression data and survival information downloaded from GEO (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo/), was used to investigate the prognostic values of 15 members of F-box mRNA expression in BC. Results: We found that higher mRNA expression levels of FBXO1, FBXO31, SKP2, and FBXO5 were significantly associated with worse prognosis for BC patients. While FBXO4 and β-TrCP1 were found to be correlated to better overall survival (OS). Conclusion: The associated results provide new insights into F-box members in the development and progression of BC. Further researches to explore the F-box protein-targetting reagents for treating BC are needed.
Collapse
|
11
|
Wen XF, Chen M, Wu Y, Chen MN, Glogowska A, Klonisch T, Zhang GJ. Inhibitor of DNA Binding 2 Inhibits Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition via Up-Regulation of Notch3 in Breast Cancer. Transl Oncol 2018; 11:1259-1270. [PMID: 30119050 PMCID: PMC6097462 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2018.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2018] [Accepted: 07/23/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the second leading cause of cancer death in women worldwide. Incurable metastatic breast disease presents a major clinical challenge and is the main cause of breast cancer-related death. The epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a critical early promoter of metastasis. In the present study, we identified a novel role for the inhibitor of DNA binding 2 (Id2), a member of the basic helix-loop-helix protein family, during the EMT of breast cancer. Expression of Id2 was positively correlated with Notch3 in breast cancer cells. Low expression of Id2 and Notch3 was associated with worse distant metastasis-free survival in breast cancer patients. The present study revealed that Id2 activated Notch3 expression by blocking E2A binding to an E-box motif in the Notch3 promoter. The Id2-mediated up-regulation of Notch3 expression at both the mRNA and protein levels resulted in an attenuated EMT, which was associated with reduced motility and matrix invasion of ER-positive and -negative human breast cancer cells and the emergence of E-cadherin expression and reduction in the mesenchymal marker vimentin in triple-negative breast cancer cells. In summary, our findings identified Id2 as a suppressor of the EMT and positive transcriptional regulator of Notch3 in breast cancer. Id2 and Notch3 may serve as novel prognostic markers in a subpopulation of ER-positive breast cancer patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Fen Wen
- Department of Breast Medical Oncology, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, 7 Raoping Road, Shantou, China; ChangJiang Scholar's Laboratory, Shantou University Medical College, 22 Xinling Road, Shantou, China
| | - Min Chen
- ChangJiang Scholar's Laboratory, Shantou University Medical College, 22 Xinling Road, Shantou, China; Xiang'an Hospital, Xiamen University, 2000 East Xiang'an Rd, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Yang Wu
- ChangJiang Scholar's Laboratory, Shantou University Medical College, 22 Xinling Road, Shantou, China
| | - Min-Na Chen
- Department of Breast Medical Oncology, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, 7 Raoping Road, Shantou, China; ChangJiang Scholar's Laboratory, Shantou University Medical College, 22 Xinling Road, Shantou, China
| | - Aleksandra Glogowska
- Dept. of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - Thomas Klonisch
- Dept. of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada.
| | - Guo-Jun Zhang
- ChangJiang Scholar's Laboratory, Shantou University Medical College, 22 Xinling Road, Shantou, China; Xiang'an Hospital, Xiamen University, 2000 East Xiang'an Rd, Xiamen, Fujian, China.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Loss of nuclear NOTCH1, but not its negative regulator NUMB, is an independent predictor of cervical malignancy. Oncotarget 2018; 9:18916-18928. [PMID: 29721172 PMCID: PMC5922366 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.24828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2017] [Accepted: 02/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The participation of NOTCH signaling in invasive cervical cancer (ICC) remains controversial since both tumor suppressive and oncogenic properties have been described. Additionally, the role of NUMB, a negative regulator of NOTCH, remains unclear in ICC. We aimed to investigate the role of NOTCH1 and NUMB expression and their localization in cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) and ICC samples. A total of 144 biopsies were obtained from the Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, México from 2004 to 2017, and were subjected to immunohistochemistry for NOTCH1 and NUMB. We found that nuclear NOTCH1 expression was more frequently found in CIN samples compared with ICC (77.55% vs. 15.79%, p = 0.001). NUMB was almost exclusively found in the nucleus of CIN samples (32.65% vs. 6.32%, p = 0.001). Cytoplasmic expression of NOTCH1 (44.21%) and NUMB (35.79%) was the most frequent localization in ICC. Multivariable-adjusted analysis showed that the loss of nuclear NOTCH1 expression was an independent predictor of malignancy (β = -3.428, 95% confidence interval [95% CI] = -5.127, -1.728, p = 0.001). In contrast, the association between cytoplasmic NUMB expression and cervical cancer was lost after adjusting for nuclear NOTCH1 expression (β = 2.074, 95% [CI] = -0.358, 4.506, P = 0.094). Additionally, patients with cytoplasmic NOTCH1 expression showed a borderline association with longer overall survival (OS) than those with nuclear NOTCH1 expression (P = 0.08). Our data suggest that the loss of nuclear NOTCH1 but not NUMB might be an independent predictor of malignancy in cervical cancer.
Collapse
|
13
|
Common profiles of Notch signaling differentiate disease-free survival in luminal type A and triple negative breast cancer. Oncotarget 2018; 8:6013-6032. [PMID: 27888801 PMCID: PMC5351609 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.13451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2016] [Accepted: 10/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is characterized by high heterogeneity regarding its biology and clinical characteristics. The Notch pathway regulates such processes as organ modeling and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT). The aim of the study was to determine the effect of differential expression of Notch members on disease-free survival (DFS) in luminal type A (lumA) and triple negative (TN) BC. The differential expression of 19 Notch members was examined in a TCGA BC cohort. DFS analysis was performed using the log-rank test (p<0.05). Biological differences between DFS groups were determined with Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) (tTest, FDR<0.25). Common expression profiles according to Notch signaling were examined using ExpressCluster (K-means, mean centered, Euclidean distance metric). The overexpression of HES1, LFNG and PSEN1 was found to be favorable for DFS in lumA, and lowered expression favorable for DFS in TN. GSEA analysis showed that differential Notch signaling is associated with cell cycle, tissue architecture and remodeling. Particularly, targets of E2F, early stage S phase transcription factor, were upregulated in the lumA unfavorable group and the TN favorable group differentiated on a basis of HES1 and PSEN1 expression. Summarizing, our analysis show significance of Notch signaling in BRCA progression through triggering EMT. Moreover, identification of numerous genes which overexpression is associated with disease recurrence may serve as a source of potential targets for a new anticancer therapy.
Collapse
|
14
|
Lai XX, Li G, Lin B, Yang H. Interference of Notch 1 inhibits the proliferation and invasion of breast cancer cells: Involvement of the β‑catenin signaling pathway. Mol Med Rep 2017; 17:2472-2478. [PMID: 29207146 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.8161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2016] [Accepted: 06/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is one of the most common types of carcinoma in humans. The aim of the present study was to identify the role of Notch 1 in the proliferation and invasion of human breast cancer cells. Firstly, the levels of Notch 1 were determined by western blot analysis in breast cancer cell lines, and the results revealed that the expression levels of Notch 1 were markedly higher in MDA‑MB‑231 and MCF‑7 cells, and lower in MCF‑10A cells, compared with human mammary epithelial cells. An MTT assay was used to determine the viability of breast cancer cells. The optical density (OD)490 values were significantly decreased in Notch 1 short hairpin (sh)RNA‑transfected MCF‑7 and MDA‑MB‑231 cells, compared with the OD490 values in the negative control shRNA‑transfected cells. The MCF‑7 cells and MDA‑MB‑231 cells were also treated with increasing concentrations of MRK003, a Notch 1 inhibitor, for 24, 48 and 72 h, respectively. The inhibition rate was gradually increased in the MRK003‑treated cells in a time‑ and dose‑dependent manner. The invasive ability of the cells was determined using a Transwell migration assay. The migration ability was significantly decreased in the Notch 1‑transfected MCF‑7 cells and MDA‑MB‑231 cells. The molecular mechanism was examined, and the knockdown of Notch 1 significantly decreased the expression levels of β‑catenin, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)‑2 and MMP‑9, and was also correlated with the downregulation of β‑catenin in the nucleus. In conclusion, Notch 1 was key in the progression of breast cancer, and knocking down the expression of Notch 1 significantly suppressed the proliferation and invasion of breast cancer cells. This provides novel clues for cancer therapy in human breast cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xi Xi Lai
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, P.R. China
| | - Gang Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, P.R. China
| | - Baochai Lin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, P.R. China
| | - Han Yang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Xiong J, Zhang X, Chen X, Wei Y, Lu DG, Han YW, Xu J, Yu D. Prognostic roles of mRNA expression of notch receptors in non-small cell lung cancer. Oncotarget 2017; 8:13157-13165. [PMID: 28061457 PMCID: PMC5355084 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.14483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2016] [Accepted: 12/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Notch signalling is aberrantly activated in human non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Nevertheless, the prognostic roles of mRNA expression of four Notch receptors in NSCLC patients remain elusive. In this report, we reported the prognostic roles of Notch receptors in a total of 1,926 NSCLC patients through “The Kaplan-Meier plotter” (KM plotter) database which is capable to assess the effect of 22,277 genes on survival of NSCLC patients. We found that mRNA high expression level of Notch1 was associated with better overall survival (OS) for all NSCLC patients, hazard ratio (HR) 0.78 (0.69-0.89), p=0.00019, better OS in adenocarcinoma (Ade) patients, HR 0.59 (0.46-0.75), p=1.5e-05, as well as in squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) patients, HR 0.78 (0.62-0.99), p=0.044. mRNA high expression levels of Notch2 and Notch3 were associated with worsen OS for all NSCLC patients, as well as in Ade, but not in SCC patients. mRNA high expression level of Notch4 was not found to be associated with to OS for all NSCLC patients. In addition, mRNA high expression levels of Notch2, Notch3, but Notch4 are significantly associated with the NSCLC patients who have different smoking status. Our results indicate that mRNA expression of Notch receptors may have distinct prognostic values in NSCLC patients. These results will benefit for developing tools to accurately predict the prognosis of NSCLC patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jianwen Xiong
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province 330006, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoqiang Zhang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province 330006, P. R. China
| | - Xianglai Chen
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province 330006, P. R. China
| | - Yiping Wei
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province 330006, P. R. China
| | - De-Guo Lu
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China
| | - Yun-Wei Han
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China
| | - Jianjun Xu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province 330006, P. R. China
| | - Dongliang Yu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province 330006, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Nueda ML, Naranjo AI, Baladrón V, Laborda J. Different expression levels of DLK1 inversely modulate the oncogenic potential of human MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells through inhibition of NOTCH1 signaling. FASEB J 2017; 31:3484-3496. [PMID: 28461338 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201601341rrr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2016] [Accepted: 04/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
NOTCH receptors participate in cancer cell proliferation and survival. Accumulated evidence indicates that, depending on the cellular context, these receptors can function as oncogenes or as tumor-suppressor genes. The epidermal growth factor-like protein delta-like homolog (DLK)1 acts as a NOTCH inhibitor and is involved in the regulation of normal and tumoral growth. In this work, we focused on the role of DLK1 in the control of breast cancer cell growth, a tumor type in which NOTCH receptors have been shown to play both opposite roles. We found that human DLK1 inhibits NOTCH signaling in MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells. The proliferation rate and invasion capabilities of these cells depended on the level of NOTCH activation and signaling, as regulated by DLK1. High levels of DLK1 expression led to a significant decrease in NOTCH signaling, which was associated with a decrease in breast cancer cell proliferation and invasion. On the contrary, lower levels of NOTCH inhibition, caused by lower levels of DLK1 overexpression, led to enhanced in vitro MDA-MB-231 cell invasion, and to both in vitro and in vivo increased cell proliferation. The data presented in this work suggest that a fine regulation of NOTCH signaling plays an important role in the control of breast cancer cell proliferation and invasion.-Nueda, M.-L., Naranjo, A.-I., Baladrón V., Laborda, J. Different expression levels of DLK1 inversely modulate the oncogenic potential of human MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells through inhibition of NOTCH1 signaling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- María-Luisa Nueda
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Branch-Department of Inorganic and Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Albacete, Spain .,School of Pharmacy, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Albacete, Spain
| | - Ana-Isabel Naranjo
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Branch-Department of Inorganic and Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Albacete, Spain.,School of Medicine, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Albacete, Spain and.,Regional Center for Biomedical Research (CRIB)-Biomedicine Unit, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Albacete, Spain
| | - Victoriano Baladrón
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Branch-Department of Inorganic and Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Albacete, Spain.,School of Medicine, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Albacete, Spain and.,Regional Center for Biomedical Research (CRIB)-Biomedicine Unit, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Albacete, Spain
| | - Jorge Laborda
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Branch-Department of Inorganic and Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Albacete, Spain .,School of Pharmacy, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Albacete, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Zhang S, Wang Z, Liu W, Lei R, Shan J, Li L, Wang X. Distinct prognostic values of S100 mRNA expression in breast cancer. Sci Rep 2017; 7:39786. [PMID: 28051137 PMCID: PMC5209742 DOI: 10.1038/srep39786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2016] [Accepted: 11/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
S100 family genes encode low molecular weight, acidic-Ca2+ binding proteins implicating in a wide spectrum of biological processes. S100 family contains at least 20 members, most of which are frequently dysregulated in human malignancies including breast cancer. However, the prognostic roles of each individual S100, especially the mRNA level, in breast cancer patients remain elusive. In the current study, we used "The Kaplan-Meier plotter" (KM plotter) database to investigate the prognostic values of S100 mRNA expression in breast cancer. Our results indicated that high mRNA expression of S100A8, S100A9, S100A11 and S100P were found to be significantly correlated to worse outcome, while S100A1 and S100A6 were associated with better prognosis in all breast cancer patients. We further assessed the prognostic value of S100 in different intrinsic subtypes and clinicopathological features of breast cancer. The associated results will elucidate the role of S100 in breast cancer and may further lead the research to explore the S100-targeting reagents for treating breast cancer patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shizhen Zhang
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No. 88, Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, China.,Cancer Institute (Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention &Intervention, National Ministry of Education, Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology in Medical Sciences), Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No. 88, Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, China
| | - Zhen Wang
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No. 88, Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, China.,Cancer Institute (Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention &Intervention, National Ministry of Education, Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology in Medical Sciences), Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No. 88, Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, China
| | - Weiwei Liu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No. 88, Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, China
| | - Rui Lei
- Department of Plastic Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No. 79, Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, China
| | - Jinlan Shan
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No. 88, Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, China.,Cancer Institute (Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention &Intervention, National Ministry of Education, Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology in Medical Sciences), Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No. 88, Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, China
| | - Ling Li
- Division of Hematopoietic Stem Cell and Leukemia Research, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Xiaochen Wang
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No. 88, Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, China.,Cancer Institute (Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention &Intervention, National Ministry of Education, Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology in Medical Sciences), Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No. 88, Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, China
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Yang SL, Ren QG, Zhang T, Pan X, Wen L, Hu JL, Yu C, He QJ. Hepatitis B virus X protein and hypoxia‑inducible factor-1α stimulate Notch gene expression in liver cancer cells. Oncol Rep 2017; 37:348-356. [PMID: 27840976 DOI: 10.3892/or.2016.5211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2016] [Accepted: 06/17/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Increasing evidence has demonstrated that Notch genes, including Notch1, Notch2, Notch3 and Notch4, are involved in carcinogenesis. However, the expression and regulation of Notch genes in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) tissues have not been fully investigated. In the present study, immunohistochemical and quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) analyses were performed to examine the expression of Notch genes in normal human liver, HBV-related HCC and paired peritumoral tissues. Additionally, qPCR and western blotting were utilized to investigate the impact of hepatitis B virus X protein (HBx) and hypoxia‑inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) on the regulation of Notch gene expression. The immunohistochemical and qPCR results showed that the expression levels of Notch1, Notch3 and Notch4 were significantly higher in HCC tissues than the levels in peritumoral and normal liver tissues. However, no significant difference in Notch2 expression was found between HCC and peritumoral tissues. Among the four Notch genes, immunohistochemical analyses found that only the increased level of Notch3 in HCC tissues was positively correlated with vascular invasion of liver cancer (P<0.05). Moreover, we found that overexpression of both HBx and HIF-1α increased the expression of Notch1, Notch3 and Notch4 in HepG2 and Bel-7404 cell lines. In summary, the present study demonstrated that Notch1, Notch3 and Notch4 were upregulated in HCC tissues and that HBx and HIF-1α may be the factors that cause the overexpression of Notch genes. Furthermore, the increased expression of Notch3 was closely related to the vascular invasiveness of HCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Li Yang
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
| | - Quan-Guang Ren
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoli Pan
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
| | - Lu Wen
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
| | - Jian-Li Hu
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
| | - Chao Yu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guiyang Medical College, Guiyang, Guizhou 550001, P.R. China
| | - Qian-Jin He
- Department of General Surgery, Huanggang Central Hospital, Huanggang, Hubei 438000, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Wang C, Li Q, Liu F, Chen X, Liu B, Nesa EU, Guan S, Han L, Tan B, Wang N, Wang X, Song Q, Jia Y, Wang J, Lu M, Cheng Y. Notch2 as a promising prognostic biomarker for oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Sci Rep 2016; 6:25722. [PMID: 27158037 PMCID: PMC4860585 DOI: 10.1038/srep25722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2015] [Accepted: 04/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
We aimed to examine Notch2 expression in oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) patients and to evaluate its prognostic potential. Immunohistochemical (IHC) staining, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and western blot analysis were utilized to investigate the Notch2 expression status and prognostic value. Furtherly, CCK8 and clonogenic assays were conducted to determine if Notch2 inhibition by shRNA could lead to a decrease in the proliferation and survival of ESCC cells. A notably higher Notch2 expression level was found in ESCC tissues at the mRNA (P < 0.0001) and protein levels (IHC: P = 0.004; western blot: P = 0.021). Log-rank analysis demonstrated that Notch2 overexpression was significantly associated with worse overall survival (OS) (29.1% vs. 49.1%; P = 0.013) and progression-free survival (PFS) (15.3% vs. 34.4%; P = 0.006) rates in ESCC patients. The multivariate analysis revealed Notch2 as an independent prognostic factor for OS and PFS (P = 0.002 and 0.006, resp.). Besides, in vitro assays showed that OD450 values and colony formations were significantly reduced in Notch2-shRNA group (all P < 0.0001). In conclusion, these results show that Notch2 is up-regulated in ESCC tissues and could serve as a promising biomarker for identifying individuals with poor prognostic potential.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cong Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
| | - Qingbao Li
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, People's Republic of China
| | - Fang Liu
- Department of Imaging, Shandong Medical College, Jinan, Shandong, 250002, China
| | - Xuan Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
| | - Bowen Liu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
| | - Effat Un Nesa
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
| | - Shanghui Guan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
| | - Lihui Han
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
| | - Bingxu Tan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
| | - Nana Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
| | - Xintong Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Jinan, Shandong, 250117, China
| | - Qingxu Song
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
| | - Yibin Jia
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
| | - Jianbo Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
| | - Ming Lu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
| | - Yufeng Cheng
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Rangel MC, Bertolette D, Castro NP, Klauzinska M, Cuttitta F, Salomon DS. Developmental signaling pathways regulating mammary stem cells and contributing to the etiology of triple-negative breast cancer. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2016; 156:211-26. [PMID: 26968398 PMCID: PMC4819564 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-016-3746-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2016] [Accepted: 03/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Cancer has been considered as temporal and spatial aberrations of normal development in tissues. Similarities between mammary embryonic development and cell transformation suggest that the underlying processes required for mammary gland development are also those perturbed during various stages of mammary tumorigenesis and breast cancer (BC) development. The master regulators of embryonic development Cripto-1, Notch/CSL, and Wnt/β-catenin play key roles in modulating mammary gland morphogenesis and cell fate specification in the embryo through fetal mammary stem cells (fMaSC) and in the adult organism particularly within the adult mammary stem cells (aMaSC), which determine mammary progenitor cell lineages that generate the basal/myoepithelial and luminal compartments of the adult mammary gland. Together with recognized transcription factors and embryonic stem cell markers, these embryonic regulatory molecules can be inappropriately augmented during tumorigenesis to support the tumor-initiating cell (TIC)/cancer stem cell (CSC) compartment, and the effects of their deregulation may contribute for the etiology of BC, in particular the most aggressive subtype of BC, triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). This in depth review will present evidence of the involvement of Cripto-1, Notch/CSL, and Wnt/β-catenin in the normal mammary gland morphogenesis and tumorigenesis, from fMaSC/aMaSC regulation to TIC generation and maintenance in TNBC. Specific therapies for treating TNBC by targeting these embryonic pathways in TICs will be further discussed, providing new opportunities to destroy not only the bulk tumor, but also TICs that initiate and promote the metastatic spread and recurrence of this aggressive subtype of BC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Cristina Rangel
- Tumor Growth Factor Section, Mouse Cancer Genetics Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Building 560, Room 32-40B, 1050 Boyles Street, Ft. Detrick, Frederick, MD, 21702, USA
| | - Daniel Bertolette
- Tumor Growth Factor Section, Mouse Cancer Genetics Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Building 560, Room 32-40B, 1050 Boyles Street, Ft. Detrick, Frederick, MD, 21702, USA
| | - Nadia P Castro
- Tumor Growth Factor Section, Mouse Cancer Genetics Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Building 560, Room 32-40B, 1050 Boyles Street, Ft. Detrick, Frederick, MD, 21702, USA
| | - Malgorzata Klauzinska
- Tumor Growth Factor Section, Mouse Cancer Genetics Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Building 560, Room 32-40B, 1050 Boyles Street, Ft. Detrick, Frederick, MD, 21702, USA
| | - Frank Cuttitta
- Tumor Growth Factor Section, Mouse Cancer Genetics Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Building 560, Room 32-40B, 1050 Boyles Street, Ft. Detrick, Frederick, MD, 21702, USA
| | - David S Salomon
- Tumor Growth Factor Section, Mouse Cancer Genetics Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Building 560, Room 32-40B, 1050 Boyles Street, Ft. Detrick, Frederick, MD, 21702, USA.
| |
Collapse
|