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Naseer QA, Malik A, Zhang F, Chen S. Exploring the enigma: history, present, and future of long non-coding RNAs in cancer. Discov Oncol 2024; 15:214. [PMID: 38847897 PMCID: PMC11161455 DOI: 10.1007/s12672-024-01077-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), which are more than 200 nucleotides in length and do not encode proteins, play crucial roles in governing gene expression at both the transcriptional and posttranscriptional levels. These molecules demonstrate specific expression patterns in various tissues and developmental stages, suggesting their involvement in numerous developmental processes and diseases, notably cancer. Despite their widespread acknowledgment and the growing enthusiasm surrounding their potential as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers, the precise mechanisms through which lncRNAs function remain inadequately understood. A few lncRNAs have been studied in depth, providing valuable insights into their biological activities and suggesting emerging functional themes and mechanistic models. However, the extent to which the mammalian genome is transcribed into functional noncoding transcripts is still a matter of debate. This review synthesizes our current understanding of lncRNA biogenesis, their genomic contexts, and their multifaceted roles in tumorigenesis, highlighting their potential in cancer-targeted therapy. By exploring historical perspectives alongside recent breakthroughs, we aim to illuminate the diverse roles of lncRNA and reflect on the broader implications of their study for understanding genome evolution and function, as well as for advancing clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qais Ahmad Naseer
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, 212013, China
| | - Abdul Malik
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, 212013, China
| | - Fengyuan Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, 212013, China
| | - Shengxia Chen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, 212013, China.
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2
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Tashakori N, Kolour SSP, Ghafouri K, Ahmed SI, Kahrizi MS, Gerami R, Altafi M, Nazari A. Critical role of the long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in radiotherapy (RT)-resistance of gastrointestinal (GI) cancer: Is there a way to defeat this resistance? Pathol Res Pract 2024; 258:155289. [PMID: 38703607 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2024.155289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Revised: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/31/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024]
Abstract
Radiotherapy (RT) is a frequently used treatment for cervical cancer, effectively decreasing the likelihood of the disease returning in the same area and extending the lifespan of individuals with cervical cancer. Nevertheless, the primary reason for treatment failure in cancer patients is the cancer cells' resistance to radiation therapy (RT). Long non-coding RNAs (LncRNAs) are a subset of RNA molecules that do not code for proteins and are longer than 200 nucleotides. They have a significant impact on the regulation of gastrointestinal (GI) cancers biological processes. Recent research has shown that lncRNAs have a significant impact in controlling the responsiveness of GI cancer to radiation. This review provides a concise overview of the composition and operation of lncRNAs as well as the intricate molecular process behind radiosensitivity in GI cancer. Additionally, it compiles a comprehensive list of lncRNAs that are linked to radiosensitivity in such cancers. Furthermore, it delves into the potential practical implementation of these lncRNAs in modulating radiosensitivity in GI cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nafiseh Tashakori
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Kimia Ghafouri
- School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sarah Ibrahem Ahmed
- Department of Anesthesia Techniques, Al-Noor University College, Nineveh, Iraq
| | | | - Reza Gerami
- Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, AJA University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mana Altafi
- Department of Radiology, Faculty of Biological Science and Technology, Shiraz Pardis Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shiraz, Iran.
| | - Afsaneh Nazari
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Zanjan Branch, Zanjan, Iran.
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3
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Yu P, Ye J, Zhao S, Cai Y. lncRNAs are potential prognostic markers in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma in China: A systematic review and meta‑analysis. Mol Clin Oncol 2024; 20:11. [PMID: 38213659 PMCID: PMC10777463 DOI: 10.3892/mco.2023.2709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate the association between the expression profiles of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and the clinical characteristics or prognosis of patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). The findings presented in the present review may provide novel strategies for the prevention and treatment of NPC. For the analyses, medical databases, including PubMed, Web of Science and Cochrane library were searched using specific search terms, search strategies and screening strategies. Endnote X9 document management software was then employed to extract documents from January, 2010 to May, 2023. Data were extracted following the prescribed standards. Review Manager 5.4 and STATA 12.0 data analysis software were used for data analysis. A total of 490 publications were analyzed for inclusion. In total, 29 publications, composed of 24 studies with upregulated lncRNAs and 5 studies with downregulated lncRNAs, were included in the final analysis. The analysis revealed that the upregulation of lncRNAs was significantly associated with T stage, N stage and clinical stage, as well as with the overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) of patients with NPC (P<0.05). However, there was no significant association between the upregulated lncRNAs and sex, M stage or relapse-free survival (RFS) (P>0.05). On the other hand, the suppression of lncRNA expression was significantly associated with N stage, M stage, clinical stage and the OS of patients with NPC (P<0.05), but not with T stage and RFS (P>0.05). Taken together, the present review demonstrates that the up- and downregulation of different lncRNAs was associated with an advanced clinical stage and a shorter OS of patients with NPC. Therefore, lncRNAs may serve as potential prognostic factors in NPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Yu
- School of Clinical Medicine, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 541199, P.R. China
| | - Jiemei Ye
- Guangxi Health Commission Key Laboratory of Molecular Epidemiology of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma, Wuzhou Red Cross Hospital, Wuzhou, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 543002, P.R. China
| | - Shujian Zhao
- Guangxi Health Commission Key Laboratory of Molecular Epidemiology of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma, Wuzhou Red Cross Hospital, Wuzhou, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 543002, P.R. China
| | - Yonglin Cai
- Guangxi Health Commission Key Laboratory of Molecular Epidemiology of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma, Wuzhou Red Cross Hospital, Wuzhou, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 543002, P.R. China
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Wuzhou Cancer Center, Wuzhou, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 543002, P.R. China
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4
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Siak PY, Heng WS, Teoh SSH, Lwin YY, Cheah SC. Precision medicine in nasopharyngeal carcinoma: comprehensive review of past, present, and future prospect. J Transl Med 2023; 21:786. [PMID: 37932756 PMCID: PMC10629096 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-023-04673-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is an aggressive malignancy with high propensity for lymphatic spread and distant metastasis. It is prominent as an endemic malignancy in Southern China and Southeast Asia regions. Studies on NPC pathogenesis mechanism in the past decades such as through Epstein Barr Virus (EBV) infection and oncogenic molecular aberrations have explored several potential targets for therapy and diagnosis. The EBV infection introduces oncoviral proteins that consequently hyperactivate many promitotic pathways and block cell-death inducers. EBV infection is so prevalent in NPC patients such that EBV serological tests were used to diagnose and screen NPC patients. On the other hand, as the downstream effectors of oncogenic mechanisms, the promitotic pathways can potentially be exploited therapeutically. With the apparent heterogeneity and distinct molecular aberrations of NPC tumor, the focus has turned into a more personalized treatment in NPC. Herein in this comprehensive review, we depict the current status of screening, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention in NPC. Subsequently, based on the limitations on those aspects, we look at their potential improvements in moving towards the path of precision medicine. The importance of recent advances on the key molecular aberration involved in pathogenesis of NPC for precision medicine progression has also been reported in the present review. Besides, the challenge and future outlook of NPC management will also be highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pui Yan Siak
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, UCSI University, Bandar Springhill, 71010, Port Dickson, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia
| | - Win Sen Heng
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, UCSI University, Bandar Springhill, 71010, Port Dickson, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia
| | - Sharon Siew Hoon Teoh
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, UCSI University, Bandar Springhill, 71010, Port Dickson, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia
| | - Yu Yu Lwin
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Medicine, Mandalay, Myanmar
| | - Shiau-Chuen Cheah
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, UCSI University, Bandar Springhill, 71010, Port Dickson, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia.
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5
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Pasieka R, Zasoński G, Raczyńska KD. Role of Long Intergenic Noncoding RNAs in Cancers with an Overview of MicroRNA Binding. Mol Diagn Ther 2023; 27:29-47. [PMID: 36287372 PMCID: PMC9813052 DOI: 10.1007/s40291-022-00619-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Long intergenic noncoding RNAs are transcripts originating from the regions without annotated coding genes. They are located mainly in the nucleus and regulate gene expression. Long intergenic noncoding RNAs can be also found in the cytoplasm acting as molecular sponges of certain microRNAs. This is crucial in various biological and signaling pathways. Expression levels of many long intergenic noncoding RNAs are disease related. In this article, we focus on the long intergenic noncoding RNAs and their relation to different types of cancer. Studies showed that abnormal expression of long intergenic noncoding RNA deregulates signaling pathways due to the disrupted free microRNA pool. Hampered signaling pathways leads to abnormal cell proliferation and restricts cell death, thus resulting in oncogenesis. This review highlights promising therapeutic targets and enables the identification of potential biomarkers specific for a certain type of cancer. Moreover, we provide an outline of long intergenic noncoding RNAs/microRNA axes, which might be applied in further detailed experiments broadening our knowledge about the cellular role of those RNA species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Pasieka
- Laboratory of RNA Processing, Department of Gene Expression, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology and Center for Advanced Technology, Uniwersytetu Poznanskiego 10, 61-614, Poznan, Poland
| | - Gilbert Zasoński
- Laboratory of Gene Therapy, Department of Gene Expression, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznan, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Dorota Raczyńska
- Laboratory of RNA Processing, Department of Gene Expression, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology and Center for Advanced Technology, Uniwersytetu Poznanskiego 10, 61-614, Poznan, Poland.
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6
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Wang D, Jiang H. Long noncoding RNA long intergenic non-protein-coding RNA 173 contributes to nasopharyngeal carcinoma progression by regulating microRNA-765/Gremlin 1 pathway. Hum Exp Toxicol 2023; 42:9603271231172921. [PMID: 37365917 DOI: 10.1177/09603271231172921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Long intergenic non-protein-coding RNA 173 (LINC00173) executes vital functions in various cancers. Nevertheless, its role and expression in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) have yet to be investigated. Here, we investigated its effects on the malignancy characteristics of NPC and elucidated the potential molecular mechanism of LINC00173 in NPC progression. METHODS Quantitative real-time reverse transcription-PCR (qRT-PCR) and immunoblotting were conducted to estimate the LINC00173, microRNA-765 (miR-765), and Gremlin 1 (GREM1) expressions in NPC cells and tissues. Cell counting kit-8 (CCK8), colony formation, and wound healing experiments were done to evaluate the proliferation, growth, and migration of NPC cells, respectively. The tumorous growth of NPC cells in vivo was assessed through the xenograft tumor experiment. Furthermore, the interactions among miR-765, LINC00173, and GREM1 were investigated through bioinformatics analyses, luciferase reporter and RNA immunoprecipitation chip assays. RESULTS An upregulated LINC00173 expression was found in NPC cell lines and tissues. The functional experiments uncovered that its downregulation repressed NPC cell proliferation, growth, and migration. In addition, LINC00173 knockdown hampered the NPC cells' tumorous growth in vivo. These effects could partially be reversed by downregulating miR-765. GREM1 is a downstream target of miR-765. GREM1 knockdown could repress the proliferation, growth, and migration of NPC cells. Nonetheless, these anti-tumor effects could be abolished by miR-765 downregulation. Mechanistically, LINC00173 increased the expression of GREM1 by binding with miR-765. CONCLUSIONS LINC00173 functions as an oncogenic factor by binding with miR-765 to promote the progression of NPC via GREM1 upregulation. This study provides a novel insight into the molecular mechanisms involved in NPC progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Wang
- Otorhinolaryngologic Department, The Fifth Hospital of Wuhan, Wuhan, China
| | - Heng Jiang
- Otorhinolaryngologic Department, The Fifth Hospital of Wuhan, Wuhan, China
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7
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Miao H, Wu F, Li Y, Qin C, Zhao Y, Xie M, Dai H, Yao H, Cai H, Wang Q, Song X, Li L. MALAT1 modulates alternative splicing by cooperating with the splicing factors PTBP1 and PSF. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eabq7289. [PMID: 36563164 PMCID: PMC9788761 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abq7289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Understanding how long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) cooperate with splicing factors (SFs) in alternative splicing (AS) control is fundamental to human biology and disease. We show that metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1 (MALAT1), a well-documented AS-implicated lncRNA, regulates AS via two SFs, polypyrimidine tract-binding protein 1 (PTBP1) and PTB-associated SF (PSF). MALAT1 stabilizes the interaction between PTBP1 and PSF, thereby forming a functional module that affects a network of AS events. The MALAT1-stabilized PTBP1/PSF interaction occurs in multiple cellular contexts; however, the functional module, relative to MALAT1 only, has more dominant pathological significance in hepatocellular carcinoma. MALAT1 also stabilizes the PSF interaction with several heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoparticle proteins other than PTBP1, hinting a broad role in AS control. We present a model in which MALAT1 cooperates with distinct SFs for AS regulation and pose that, relative to analyses exclusively performed for lncRNAs, a comprehensive consideration of lncRNAs and their binding partners may provide more information about their biological functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Miao
- Center for Functional Genomics and Bioinformatics, Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, China
- Department of Platform and Technology, lncTAC Company Limited, Chengdu, Sichuan 610219, China
| | - Fan Wu
- Center for Functional Genomics and Bioinformatics, Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, China
- Department of Platform and Technology, lncTAC Company Limited, Chengdu, Sichuan 610219, China
| | - Yu Li
- Center for Functional Genomics and Bioinformatics, Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, China
| | - Chenyu Qin
- Center for Functional Genomics and Bioinformatics, Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, China
| | - Yongyun Zhao
- Center for Functional Genomics and Bioinformatics, Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, China
| | - Mingfeng Xie
- Center for Functional Genomics and Bioinformatics, Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, China
| | - Hongyuan Dai
- Center for Functional Genomics and Bioinformatics, Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, China
| | - Hong Yao
- Center for Functional Genomics and Bioinformatics, Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, China
- Department of Platform and Technology, lncTAC Company Limited, Chengdu, Sichuan 610219, China
| | - Haoyang Cai
- Center of Growth, Metabolism and Aging, Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, China
| | - Qianhong Wang
- The First Accredited Outpatient Department of Western General Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan 610091, China
| | - Xu Song
- Center for Functional Genomics and Bioinformatics, Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, China
| | - Ling Li
- Center for Functional Genomics and Bioinformatics, Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, China
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8
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Rakheja I, Ansari AH, Ray A, Chandra Joshi D, Maiti S. Small molecule quercetin binds MALAT1 triplex and modulates its cellular function. MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2022; 30:241-256. [PMID: 36284512 PMCID: PMC9576543 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2022.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The triple-helix structure at the 3' end of metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1 (MALAT1), a long non-coding RNA, has been considered to be a target for modulating the oncogenic functions of MALAT1. This study examines the binding of quercetin-a known triplex binding molecule-to the MALAT1 triplex. By employing UV-visible spectroscopy, circular dichroism spectroscopy, and isothermal titration calorimetry, we observed that quercetin binds to the MALAT1 triplex with a stoichiometry of 1:1 and K d of 495 ± 61 nM, along with a negative change in free energy, indicating a spontaneous interaction. Employing real-time PCR measurements, we observed around 50% downregulation of MALAT1 transcript levels in MCF7 cells, and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) experiments showed concomitantly reduced levels of MALAT1 in nuclear speckles. This interaction is likely a result of a direct interaction between the molecule and the RNA, as indicated by a transcription-stop experiment. Further, transcriptome-wide analysis of alternative splicing changes induced by quercetin revealed modulation of MALAT1 downstream genes. Collectively, our study shows that quercetin strongly binds to the MALAT1 triplex and modulates its functions. It can thus be used as a scaffold for further development of therapeutics or as a chemical tool to understand MALAT1 functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isha Rakheja
- Chemical and Systems Biology Unit, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Institute of Genomics & Integrative Biology, New Delhi 110025, India
- Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-Human Resource Development Centre, Sector 19, Kamla Nehru Nagar, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh 201002, India
| | - Asgar Hussain Ansari
- Chemical and Systems Biology Unit, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Institute of Genomics & Integrative Biology, New Delhi 110025, India
- Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-Human Resource Development Centre, Sector 19, Kamla Nehru Nagar, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh 201002, India
| | - Arjun Ray
- Department of Computational Biology, Indraprastha Institute of Information Technology Delhi (IIIT-Delhi), Okhla Industrial Estate, Phase III, New Delhi 110020, India
| | - Dheeraj Chandra Joshi
- Chemical and Systems Biology Unit, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Institute of Genomics & Integrative Biology, New Delhi 110025, India
- Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-Human Resource Development Centre, Sector 19, Kamla Nehru Nagar, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh 201002, India
| | - Souvik Maiti
- Chemical and Systems Biology Unit, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Institute of Genomics & Integrative Biology, New Delhi 110025, India
- Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology (IGIB)-National Chemical Laboratory (NCL) Joint Center, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-NCL, Pune 411008, India
- Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-Human Resource Development Centre, Sector 19, Kamla Nehru Nagar, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh 201002, India
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9
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LncRNAs as biomarkers for predicting radioresistance and survival in cancer: a meta-analysis. Sci Rep 2022; 12:18494. [PMID: 36323697 PMCID: PMC9630540 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-21785-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The effect of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) on the radiotherapy response has been gradually revealed. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the association between the function and underlying mechanism of lncRNAs in regulating the radiosensitivity and radioresistance of different tumors. Hazard ratios (HRs) with corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated to estimate the effect of lncRNAs on cancer patient prognosis, including overall survival (OS), recurrence-free survival (RFS), disease-free survival (DFS) and progression-free survival (PFS). Collectively, 23 lncRNAs in 11 cancer types were enrolled. Of them, 13 lncRNAs were downregulated and related to radiosensitivity, 11 lncRNAs were upregulated and related to radioresistance, and 3 lncRNAs were upregulated and related to radiosensitivity in cancers. Furthermore, 17 microRNAs and 20 pathways were targeted by different lncRNAs and contributed to the cancer radiotherapy response in this meta-analysis. The individual pooled HRs (95% CIs) of downregulated radiation-resistant and upregulated radiation-resistant lncRNAs for OS were 0.49 (0.40-0.60) and 1.88 (1.26-2.79), respectively. Our results showed that lncRNAs could modulate tumor radioresistance or sensitivity by affecting radiation-related signaling pathways and serve as potential biomarkers to predict radiotherapy response.
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10
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Nadhan R, Isidoro C, Song YS, Dhanasekaran DN. Signaling by LncRNAs: Structure, Cellular Homeostasis, and Disease Pathology. Cells 2022; 11:2517. [PMID: 36010595 PMCID: PMC9406440 DOI: 10.3390/cells11162517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The cellular signaling network involves co-ordinated regulation of numerous signaling molecules that aid the maintenance of cellular as well as organismal homeostasis. Aberrant signaling plays a major role in the pathophysiology of many diseases. Recent studies have unraveled the superfamily of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) as critical signaling nodes in diverse signaling networks. Defective signaling by lncRNAs is emerging as a causative factor underlying the pathophysiology of many diseases. LncRNAs have been shown to be involved in the multiplexed regulation of diverse pathways through both genetic and epigenetic mechanisms. They can serve as decoys, guides, scaffolds, and effector molecules to regulate cell signaling. In comparison with the other classes of RNAs, lncRNAs possess unique structural modifications that contribute to their diversity in modes of action within the nucleus and cytoplasm. In this review, we summarize the structure and function of lncRNAs as well as their vivid mechanisms of action. Further, we provide insights into the role of lncRNAs in the pathogenesis of four major disease paradigms, namely cardiovascular diseases, neurological disorders, cancers, and the metabolic disease, diabetes mellitus. This review serves as a succinct treatise that could open windows to investigate the role of lncRNAs as novel therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Revathy Nadhan
- Stephenson Cancer Center, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
| | - Ciro Isidoro
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathology and NanoBioImaging, Department of Health Sciences, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Via Solaroli 17, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Yong Sang Song
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cancer Research Institute, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-921, Korea
| | - Danny N. Dhanasekaran
- Stephenson Cancer Center, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
- Department of Cell Biology, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
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11
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Lin P, Xing W, Ren Q, Wang Q, Yan J, Mao G. LncRNAs as Theragnostic Biomarkers for Predicting Radioresistance in Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Front Oncol 2022; 12:767750. [PMID: 35692742 PMCID: PMC9176206 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.767750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Radioresistance is the major obstacle after cancer radiotherapy. The dysregulation of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) was closely related the radioresistance response. This meta-analysis was aimed to interpret the relationship between lncRNAs and radiotherapy responses in different cancers. Method The studies were selected from databases including PubMed, ISI Web of Science, Embase, Google Scholar, PMC, and CNKI (China National Knowledge Infrastructure). The publication time was limited to before March 20, 2021. The hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence interval were calculated with random-effects models. Subgroup analyses, sensitivity analyses, and publication bias were also conducted. Result Twenty-seven lncRNAs in 14 cancer types were investigated, in which 23 lncRNAs were upregulated and four lncRNAs were downregulated. Dysregulation of these lncRNAs were found to be related to radioresistance response. The pooled HR and 95% confidence interval for the combined up-regulated lncRNAs was 1.73 (95% CI=1.50-2.00; P< 0.01) and down-regulated lncRNAs was 2.09 (95% CI= 1.60-2.72; P< 0.01). The HR values of the subgroup analysis for glioma (HR= 2.22, 95% CI= 1.79-2.74; p< 0.01), non-small cell lung cancer (HR=1.48, 95% CI=1.18-1.85; P<0.01), nasopharyngeal carcinoma (HR=4.26; 95% CI= 1.58-11.46; P< 0.01), and breast cancer (HR=1.29; 95% CI= 1.08-1.54; P< 0.01) were obtained. Moreover, the expression of lncRNAs was significantly related to overall survival of patients no matter if the sample size was >50 or not. In addition, the HR values of the subgroup analysis for lncRNA H19 (HR=2.68; 95% CI= 1.92-3.74; P <0.01), lncRNA FAM201A (HR=2.15; 95% CI= 1.15-3.99; P <0.01), and lncRNA HOTAIR (HR=1.22; 95% CI= 0.98-1.54; P =0.08) were also obtained. Conclusion LncRNAs can induce cancer radioresistance by regulating cell death-related signaling pathways. Results indicated that lncRNAs, especially lncRNA H19, FAM201A, and HOTAIR, could be considered as a predictive theragnostic biomarker to evaluate radiotherapy response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Lin
- Department of Geriatrics, The Third People’s Hospital of Hangzhou, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wenmin Xing
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Department of Geriatrics, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qian Ren
- Department of Geriatrics, The Third People’s Hospital of Hangzhou, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qin Wang
- Department of Geriatrics, The Third People’s Hospital of Hangzhou, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jing Yan
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Department of Geriatrics, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Genxiang Mao, ; Jing Yan,
| | - Genxiang Mao
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Department of Geriatrics, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Genxiang Mao, ; Jing Yan,
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12
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Wu W, Zhang S, He J. The Mechanism of Long Non-coding RNA in Cancer Radioresistance/Radiosensitivity: A Systematic Review. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:879704. [PMID: 35600868 PMCID: PMC9117703 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.879704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and purpose: Radioresistance remains a significant challenge in tumor therapy. This systematic review aims to demonstrate the role of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) in cancer radioresistance/radiosensitivity. Material and methods: The electronic databases Pubmed, Embase, and Google Scholar were searched from January 2000 to December 2021 to identify studies addressing the mechanisms of lncRNAs in tumor radioresistance/sensitivity, each of which required both in vivo and in vitro experiments. Results: Among the 87 studies identified, lncRNAs were implicated in tumor radioresistance/sensitivity mainly in three paradigms. 1) lncRNAs act on microRNA (miRNA) by means of a sponge, and their downstream signals include some specific molecular biological processes (DNA repair and chromosome stabilization, mRNA or protein stabilization, cell cycle and proliferation, apoptosis-related pathways, autophagy-related pathways, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), cellular energy metabolism) and some signaling mediators (transcription factors, kinases, some important signal transduction pathways) that regulate various biological processes. 2) lncRNAs directly interact with proteins, affecting the cell cycle and autophagy to contribute to tumor radioresistance. 3) lncRNAs act like transcription factors to initiate downstream signaling pathways and participate in tumor radioresistance. Conclusion: lncRNAs are important regulators involved in tumor radioresistance\sensitivity. Different lncRNAs may participate in the radioresistance with the same regulatory paradigm, and the same lncRNAs may also participate in the radioresistance in different ways. Future research should focus more on comprehensively characterizing the mechanisms of lncRNAs in tumor radioresistance to help us identify corresponding novel biomarkers and develop new lncRNA-based methods to improve radioresistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhan Wu
- Department of General Surgery (Gastrointestinal Surgery), The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Wenhan Wu,
| | - Shijian Zhang
- School of Clinical Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Jia He
- Faculty Affairs and Human Resources Management Department, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
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13
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Downregulation of MicroRNA-1 and Its Potential Molecular Mechanism in Nasopharyngeal Cancer: An Investigation Combined with In Silico and In-House Immunohistochemistry Validation. DISEASE MARKERS 2022; 2022:7962220. [PMID: 35251377 PMCID: PMC8896954 DOI: 10.1155/2022/7962220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 12/31/2021] [Accepted: 01/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Background This study was aimed at elucidating the molecular biological mechanisms of microRNA-1 (miR-1) in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). Method In this study, we performed a pooled analysis of miR-1 expression data derived from public databases, such as GEO, ArrayExpress, TCGA, and GTEx. The miRWalk 2.0 database, combined with the mRNA microarray datasets, was used to screen the target genes, and the genes were then subjected to Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) and Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis using the DAVID 6.8 database. We then used the STRING 11.0 database and Cytoscape 3.80 software to construct a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network for screening hub genes. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was further used to validate the expression of hub genes. Finally, potential therapeutic agents for NPC were screened by the Connectivity Map (cMap) database. Results Pooled analysis showed that miR-1 expression was significantly decreased in NPC (SMD = −0.57; P < 0.05). The summary receiver operating characteristic curve suggested that miR-1 had a good ability to distinguish cancerous tissues from noncancerous tissues (AUC = 0.78). The results of GO analysis focused on mitotic nuclear division, DNA replication, cell division, cell adhesion, extracellular space, kinesin complex, and extracellular matrix (ECM) structural constituent. The KEGG analysis suggested that the target genes played a role in key signaling pathways, such as cell cycle, focal adhesion, cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, ECM-receptor interaction, and PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. The PPI network suggested that cyclin-dependent kinase 1 (CDK1) was the hub gene, and the CDK1 protein was subsequently confirmed to be significantly upregulated in NPC tissues by IHC. Finally, potential therapeutic drugs, such as masitinib, were obtained by the cMap database. Conclusion miR-1 may play a vital part in NPC tumorigenesis and progression by regulating focal adhesion kinase to participate in cell mitosis, regulating ECM degradation, and affecting the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. miR-1 has the potential to be a therapeutic target for NPC.
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Zhang T, Jin Y, Luo X. Long non-coding RNA RGMB-AS1 represses nasopharyngeal carcinoma progression via binding to forkhead box A1. Bioengineered 2022; 13:5564-5580. [PMID: 35184697 PMCID: PMC8973592 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2022.2039495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Long non-coding RNA RGMB-AS1 (RGMB antisense RNA 1) plays a crucial role in tumor progression. However, its underlying mechanism in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) remains unclear. In this study, we analyzed the clinical significance of lncRNA RGMB-AS1 as a possible potential marker in NPC, and investigated the effect and mechanism of lncRNA RGMB-AS1 on proliferation, migration and epithelial mesenchymal transformation (EMT) of NPC by directly binding Forkhead box A1 (FOXA1) in vitro and in vivo. In conclusion, LncRNA RGMB-AS1 inhibits malignant behaviors and EMT by regulating FOXA1, and lncRNA RGMB-AS1 may be an important indicator of clinical prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Zhang
- Department of ENT and HN Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, PR China
| | - Ying Jin
- Department of ENT and HN Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, PR China
| | - Xiangmei Luo
- Department of ENT and HN Surgery, Central People’s Hospital of ZhanJiang, ZhanJiang, PR China
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15
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Roy S, Ganguly N, Banerjee S. Exploring clinical implications and role of non-coding RNAs in lung carcinogenesis. Mol Biol Rep 2022; 49:6871-6883. [PMID: 35076850 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-022-07159-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Lung cancer is the utmost familiar category of cancer with greatest fatality rate worldwide and several regulatory mechanisms exercise cellular control on critical oncogenic trails implicated in lung associated carcinogenesis. The non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are shown to play a variety of regulatory roles, including stimulating cell proliferation, inhibiting programmed cell death, enhancing cancer cell metastatic ability and acquiring resistance to drugs. Furthermore, ncRNAs exhibit tissue-specific expression as well as great stability in bodily fluids. As a consequence, they are strong contenders for cancer based theragnostics. microRNA (miRNA) alters gene expression primarily by either degrading or interfering with the translation of targeted mRNA and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) can influence gene expression by targeting transcriptional activators or repressors, RNA polymers and even DNA-duplex. lncRNAs are typically found to be dysregulated in lung cancer and hence targeting ncRNAs could be a viable strategy for developing potential therapies as well as for overcoming chemoresistance in lung cancer. The purpose of this review is to elucidate the role of ncRNAs, revisiting the recent studies in lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swagata Roy
- School of Bioscience and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632 014, India
| | - Neeldeep Ganguly
- School of Bioscience and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632 014, India
| | - Satarupa Banerjee
- School of Bioscience and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632 014, India.
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16
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Xiao J, He X. Involvement of Non-Coding RNAs in Chemo- and Radioresistance of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma. Cancer Manag Res 2021; 13:8781-8794. [PMID: 34849030 PMCID: PMC8627240 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s336265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The crucial treatment for nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is radiation therapy supplemented by chemotherapy. However, long-term radiation therapy can cause some genetic and proteomic changes to produce radiation resistance, leading to tumour recurrence and poor prognosis. Therefore, the search for new markers that can overcome the resistance of tumor cells to drugs and radiotherapy and improve the sensitivity of tumor cells to drugs and radiotherapy is one of the most important goals of pharmacogenomics and cancer research, which is important for predicting treatment response and prognosis. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), such as microRNAs (miRNAs) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), may play important roles in regulating chemo- and radiation resistance in nasopharyngeal carcinoma by controlling the cell cycle, proliferation, apoptosis, and DNA damage repair, as well as other signalling pathways. Recent research has suggested that selective modulation of ncRNA activity can improve the response to chemotherapy and radiotherapy, providing an innovative antitumour approach based on ncRNA-related gene therapy. Therefore, ncRNAs can serve as biomarkers for tumour prediction and prognosis, play a role in overcoming drug resistance and radiation resistance in NPC, and can also serve as targets for developing new therapeutic strategies. In this review, we discuss the involvement of ncRNAs in chemotherapy and radiation resistance in NPC. The effects of these molecules on predicting therapeutic cancer are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxin Xiao
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Tumour Cellular & Molecular Pathology Cancer Research Institute, Hengyang Medical College of University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiusheng He
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Tumour Cellular & Molecular Pathology Cancer Research Institute, Hengyang Medical College of University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan Province, People’s Republic of China
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17
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Synthetic Evaluation of MicroRNA-1-3p Expression in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma Based on Microarray Chips and MicroRNA Sequencing. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 2021:6529255. [PMID: 34485523 PMCID: PMC8410410 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6529255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Background MicroRNA-1-3p (miR-1-3p) exerts significant regulation in various tumor cells, but its molecular mechanisms in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) are still ill defined. This study is aimed at detecting the expression of miR-1-3p in HNSCC and at determining its significant regulatory pathways. Methods Data were obtained from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO), Oncomine, ArrayExpress, Sequence Read Archive (SRA) databases, and additional literature. Expression values of miR-1-3p in HNSCC were analyzed comprehensively. The R language software was employed to screen differentially expressed genes, and bioinformatics assessment was performed. One sequence dataset (HNSCC: n = 484; noncancer: n = 44) and 18 chip datasets (HNSCC: n = 656; noncancer: n = 199) were obtained. Results The expression of miR-1-3p in HNSCC was visibly decreased in compare with noncancerous tissues. There were distinct differences in tumor state (P = 0.0417), pathological stage (P = 0.0058), and T stage (P = 0.0044). Comprehensive analysis of sequence and chip data also indicated that miR-1-3p was lowly expressed in HNSCC. The diagnostic performance of miR-1-3p in HNSCC is reflected in the sensitivity and specificity of the collection, etc. Bioinformatics analysis showed the possible biological process, cellular component, molecular function, and KEGG pathways of miR-1-3p in HNSCC. And ITGB4 was a possible target of miR-1-3p. Conclusions miR-1-3p's low expression may facilitate tumorigenesis and evolution in HNSCC through signaling pathways. ITGB4 may be a key gene in targeting pathways but still needs verification through in vitro experiments.
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18
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Lei F, Lei T, Huang Y, Yang M, Liao M, Huang W. Radio-Susceptibility of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma: Focus on Epstein- Barr Virus, MicroRNAs, Long Non-Coding RNAs and Circular RNAs. Curr Mol Pharmacol 2021; 13:192-205. [PMID: 31880267 DOI: 10.2174/1874467213666191227104646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2019] [Revised: 11/22/2019] [Accepted: 12/29/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a type of head and neck cancer. As a neoplastic disorder, NPC is a highly malignant squamous cell carcinoma that is derived from the nasopharyngeal epithelium. NPC is radiosensitive; radiotherapy or radiotherapy combining with chemotherapy are the main treatment strategies. However, both modalities are usually accompanied by complications and acquired resistance to radiotherapy is a significant impediment to effective NPC therapy. Therefore, there is an urgent need to discover effective radio-sensitization and radio-resistance biomarkers for NPC. Recent studies have shown that Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-encoded products, microRNAs (miRNAs), long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and circular RNAs (circRNAs), which share several common signaling pathways, can function in radio-related NPC cells or tissues. Understanding these interconnected regulatory networks will reveal the details of NPC radiation sensitivity and resistance. In this review, we discuss and summarize the specific molecular mechanisms of NPC radio-sensitization and radio-resistance, focusing on EBV-encoded products, miRNAs, lncRNAs and circRNAs. This will provide a foundation for the discovery of more accurate, effective and specific markers related to NPC radiotherapy. EBVencoded products, miRNAs, lncRNAs and circRNAs have emerged as crucial molecules mediating the radio-susceptibility of NPC. This understanding will improve the clinical application of markers and inform the development of novel therapeutics for NPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanghong Lei
- Cancer Research Institute, Hengyang Medical College of University of South China; Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Tumor Cellular & Molecular Pathology (2016TP1015), Hengyang 421001, Hunan Province, China
| | - Tongda Lei
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - Yun Huang
- Cancer Research Institute, Hengyang Medical College of University of South China; Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Tumor Cellular & Molecular Pathology (2016TP1015), Hengyang 421001, Hunan Province, China
| | - Mingxiu Yang
- Cancer Research Institute, Hengyang Medical College of University of South China; Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Tumor Cellular & Molecular Pathology (2016TP1015), Hengyang 421001, Hunan Province, China
| | - Mingchu Liao
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang 421001, Hunan Province, China
| | - Weiguo Huang
- Cancer Research Institute, Hengyang Medical College of University of South China; Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Tumor Cellular & Molecular Pathology (2016TP1015), Hengyang 421001, Hunan Province, China
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Ye D, Deng Y, Shen Z. The Role and Mechanism of MALAT1 Long Non-Coding RNA in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Onco Targets Ther 2021; 14:4127-4136. [PMID: 34267526 PMCID: PMC8275198 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s317234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is the most common malignant tumor of the head and neck. HNSCC mainly affects the oral cavity and the laryngeal, laryngopharyngeal, and oropharyngeal tracts. The high incidence, hidden onset, low survival rate, and unsatisfactory effects of treatment effect underscore the importance of identify the mechanisms of HNSCC occurrence and development. Although there is a very urgent need for early diagnosis and treatment, there are currently no reliable early HNSCC diagnosis biomarkers or effective treatment targets. Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) is widely involved in biological processes, especially as a key regulator of tumorigenesis and development. Lung adenocarcinoma metastasis-associated transcript 1 (MALAT1) is an important member of the lncRNA family that can regulate the occurrence and development of a variety of malignant tumors and is anticipated to be an ideal marker for early tumor diagnosis and an effective therapeutic target. Here, we review the research progress into the role of MALAT1 in the diagnosis and treatment of HNSCC and its regulatory mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Ye
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Lihuili Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315040, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongqin Deng
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Ningbo University School of Medicine, Ningbo, 315211, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhisen Shen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Lihuili Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315040, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
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20
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Zhang D, Fang C, Li H, Lu C, Huang J, Pan J, Yang Z, Liang E, Liu Z, Zhou X, Xin Z, Chen Y, Cai Q. Long ncRNA MALAT1 promotes cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in prostate cancer via sponging miR-145. Transl Androl Urol 2021; 10:2307-2319. [PMID: 34295718 PMCID: PMC8261405 DOI: 10.21037/tau-20-1526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The long non-coding (lncRNA) RNA MALAT1 (metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1) is known to promote tumorigenesis, whereas microRNA-145 (miR-145) plays an antitumor role in several cancers. In this study, we aimed to elucidate the role of MALAT1 and miR-145 in prostate cancer cells and investigate the effect of MALAT1 downregulation on prostate cancer (PCa) cells in vitro in vivo. Methods The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) datasets were used to carry out the initial bioinformatics analysis; the findings were then tested in LNCaP and CWR22Rv1 cell lines. Western blot and quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was used to evaluate the levels of MALAT1 and miR-145 along with related biomarkers. Furthermore, wound-healing and Transwell assays were performed to test the migratory and invasive abilities of PCa cells. Luciferase reporter assays were used to validate the relationship between MALAT1 and miR-145; their down-stream target genes were also studied. To further substantiate these findings in an animal model, tumor studies including immunofluorescence staining of tissues were carried in nude mice. Results The expression of MALAT1 was upregulated in both LNCaP cell lines and CWR22Rv1 cell lines (F=2.882, t=13.370, P<0.001; F=2.268, t=15.859, P<0.001). Knockdown of MALAT1 reduced the migratory and invasive capabilities of PCa cells (F=0.017, t=12.212, P<0.001; F=10.723, t=6.016, P=0.002). Using direct binding, MALAT1 suppressed the antitumor function of miR-145, which in turn upregulated transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1)-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) via SMAD3 and TGFBR2 (F=2.097, t=5.389, P=0.006; F=1.306, t=4.155, P=0.014). Conclusions We confirmed that MALAT1 acts as a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) of miR-145. The MALAT1 based regulation of MiR-145-5p-SMAD3/TGFBR2 interactions could be an intriguing molecular pathway for the progression of PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dingrong Zhang
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Institute of Urology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Cheng Fang
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Institute of Urology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Haibo Li
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Baodi Hospital, Baodi Clinical College of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Chunyuan Lu
- Department of Anesthesia, the Second hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jiaohong Huang
- Department of Geriatric, the Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jiancheng Pan
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Institute of Urology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhizhao Yang
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Institute of Urology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Enli Liang
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Institute of Urology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhifei Liu
- Department of Urology, Tangshan People's Hospital, Tangshan, China
| | - Xiaodong Zhou
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Institute of Urology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhongcheng Xin
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Institute of Urology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.,Andrology Center, Peking University First Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yegang Chen
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Institute of Urology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Qiliang Cai
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Institute of Urology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
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21
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Mou L, Liao L, Zhang Y, Ming D, Jiang J. Ursolic acid ameliorates Nthy-ori 3-1 cells injury induced by IL-1β through limiting MALAT1/miR-206/PTGS1 ceRNA network and NF-κB signaling pathway. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2021; 238:1141-1156. [PMID: 33452572 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-021-05761-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE Ursolic acid (UA) has exhibited anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative drug effects. OBJECTIVES In the research, we assessed the effects of UA on Nthy-ori 3-1 cells stimulated by IL-1β and attempted to elucidate the mechanisms underlying the effects. METHODS Autoimmune thyroiditis (AIT) was simulated using Nthy-ori 3-1 cells by IL-1β (10 μM) treatment. UA (20 μM) was applied to ameliorate the injury of Nthy-ori 3-1 cells. The target of UA was predicted by TCMSP, BATMAN, and GEO database. Targeted relationship between lncRNA MALAT1 and miR-206, as well as miR-206 and PTGS1, was predicted by bioinformatics software and identified by dual luciferase assays. Cytokines in the cell supernatant and the apoptosis of cells were detected by ELISAs and flow cytometry assays, respectively. Expression levels of NF-κB signaling pathway-related proteins were estimated by western blot. RESULTS By enquiring TCMSP, BATMAN, and GEO database, PTGS1 was identified as a target of UA. Afterward, a ceRNA network among MALAT1, miR-206, and PTGS1 was constructed. The expression levels of MALAT1 and PTGS1 in AIT tissues were obviously enhanced. Moreover, the ceRNA network formed by MALAT1/miR-206/PTGS1 contributed to the damage of Nthy-ori 3-1 cells induced by IL-1β. However, UA ameliorated the Nthy-ori 3-1 cells injury induced by IL-1β through mediating the MALAT1/miR-206/PTGS1 ceRNA network and NF-κB signaling pathway. CONCLUSIONS UA treatment significantly relieved the injury of Nthy-ori 3-1 cells via inhibiting the ceRNA mechanism of MALAT1/miR-206/PTGS1 and inflammatory pathways, insinuating that UA may be helpful for the treatment of AIT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lunpan Mou
- Department of Endocrinology, Quanzhou First Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, No.250, Dongjie, Quanzhou, 362000, Fujian, China
| | - Liyan Liao
- Department of Pathology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yaping Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Quanzhou First Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, No.250, Dongjie, Quanzhou, 362000, Fujian, China
| | - Desong Ming
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Quanzhou First Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, China
| | - Jianjia Jiang
- Department of Endocrinology, Quanzhou First Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, No.250, Dongjie, Quanzhou, 362000, Fujian, China.
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22
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Cabrera-Licona A, Pérez-Añorve IX, Flores-Fortis M, Moral-Hernández OD, González-de la Rosa CH, Suárez-Sánchez R, Chávez-Saldaña M, Aréchaga-Ocampo E. Deciphering the epigenetic network in cancer radioresistance. Radiother Oncol 2021; 159:48-59. [PMID: 33741468 DOI: 10.1016/j.radonc.2021.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2020] [Revised: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Radiotherapy, in addition to surgery and systemic chemotherapy, remains the core of the current clinical management of cancer. Radioresistance is one of the major causes of disease progression and mortality in cancer; therefore, it is a significant challenge in the treatment of locally advanced, recurrent and metastatic cancer. Epigenetic mechanisms that control hallmarks of cancer have a key role in the development of radiation resistance of cancer cells. Recent advances in DNA methylation, histone modification, chromatin remodeling and non-coding RNAs identified in the control of signal transduction pathways in cancer and cancer stem cells have provided even greater promise in the improvement of understanding cancer radioresistance. Many epigenetic drugs that target epigenetic enzymes revert the radioresistant phenotypes decreasing the possibility that resistant cancer cells will develop refractory tumors to radiotherapy. Epigenetic profiles identified as regulators of DNA damage repair, hypoxia, cell survival, apoptosis and invasion are determinants in the development of tumor radioresistance; hence, they also are promising in personalized medicine to develop novel targeted therapies or biomarkers to follow-up the effectiveness of radiotherapy. Now, it is clear that radiotherapy can influence a complex epigenetic network for transcriptional reprogramming, enabling the cells to adapt and avoid the effect of radiotherapy. This review aims to highlight the epigenetic modifications identified in cancer radioresistance and to discuss approaches to disable epigenetic networks to increase the sensitivity and specificity of radiotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ariana Cabrera-Licona
- Departamento de Ciencias Naturales, Unidad Cuajimalpa, Universidad Autonoma Metropolitana, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico; Posgrado en Ciencias Naturales e Ingenieria, Unidad Cuajimalpa, Universidad Autonoma Metropolitana, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico
| | - Isidro X Pérez-Añorve
- Departamento de Ciencias Naturales, Unidad Cuajimalpa, Universidad Autonoma Metropolitana, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico
| | - Mauricio Flores-Fortis
- Departamento de Ciencias Naturales, Unidad Cuajimalpa, Universidad Autonoma Metropolitana, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico; Posgrado en Ciencias Naturales e Ingenieria, Unidad Cuajimalpa, Universidad Autonoma Metropolitana, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico
| | - Oscar Del Moral-Hernández
- Laboratorio de Virologia y Epigenetica del Cancer, Facultad de Ciencias Quimico Biologicas, Universidad Autonoma de Guerrero, Chilpancingo, Mexico
| | | | - Rocio Suárez-Sánchez
- Laboratorio de Medicina Genomica, Departamento de Genetica, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitacion LGII, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico
| | - Margarita Chávez-Saldaña
- Laboratorio de Biologia de la Reproduccion, Instituto Nacional de Pediatria, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico
| | - Elena Aréchaga-Ocampo
- Departamento de Ciencias Naturales, Unidad Cuajimalpa, Universidad Autonoma Metropolitana, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico.
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Ebahimzadeh K, Shoorei H, Mousavinejad SA, Anamag FT, Dinger ME, Taheri M, Ghafouri-Fard S. Emerging role of non-coding RNAs in response of cancer cells to radiotherapy. Pathol Res Pract 2020; 218:153327. [PMID: 33422780 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2020.153327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2020] [Revised: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Radiotherapy is an effective method for treatment of a large proportion of human cancers. Yet, the efficacy of this method is precluded by the induction of radioresistance in tumor cells and the radiation-associated injury of normal cells surrounding the field of radiation. These restrictions necessitate the introduction of modalities for either radiosensitization of cancer cells or protection of normal cells against adverse effects of radiation. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) have essential roles in the determination of radiosensitivity. Moreover, ncRNAs can modulate radiation-induced side effects in normal cells. Several microRNAs (miRNAs) such as miR-620, miR-21 and miR-96-5p confer radioresistance, while other miRNAs including miR-340/ 429 confer radiosensitivity. The expression levels of a number of miRNAs are associated with radiation-induced complications such as lung fibrosis or oral mucositis. The expression patterns of several long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) such as MALAT1, LINC00630, HOTAIR, UCA1 and TINCR are associated with response to radiotherapy. Taken together, lncRNAs and miRNAs contribute both in modulation of response of cancer cells to radiotherapy and in protection of normal cells from the associated side effects. The current review provides an overview of the roles of these transcripts in these aspects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaveh Ebahimzadeh
- Skull Base Research Center, Loghman Hakim Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamed Shoorei
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Seyed Ali Mousavinejad
- Skull Base Research Center, Loghman Hakim Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Marcel E Dinger
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Mohammad Taheri
- Urology and Nephrology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Soudeh Ghafouri-Fard
- Urogenital Stem Cell Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Jiang Y, Jin S, Tan S, Xue Y, Cao X. Long noncoding RNA NEAT1 regulates radio-sensitivity via microRNA-27b-3p in gastric cancer. Cancer Cell Int 2020; 20:581. [PMID: 33292252 PMCID: PMC7716475 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-020-01655-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2019] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Long noncoding RNA nuclear-enriched abundant transcript 1 (NEAT1) exhibits an oncogenic role in multiple cancers, including gastric cancer (GC). But, the functions of NEAT1 in modulating radio-sensitivity of GC and its potential molecular mechanisms have not been totally elucidated. METHODS qRT-PCR was performed to detect the expressions of NEAT1 and microRNA-27b-3p (miR-27b-3p). Kaplan-Meier survival curves for NEAT1 expression in GC created using KM Plotter. Colony formation assay was used to determine the survival fraction. Cell apoptosis was evaluated by flow cytometry. Luciferase reporter assay was used to verify the relationship between miR-27b-3p and NEAT1. RESULTS NEAT1 was highly expressed while miR-27b-3p was downregulated in GC tissues and cells. NEAT1 was negatively correlated with that of miR-27b-3p and associated with poor overall survival. Moreover, NEAT1 and miR-27b-3p varied inversely after radiation in GC tissues and cells. Loss of NEAT1 or upregulation of miR-27b-3p increased the effect of radiation on cell survival fraction inhibition and apoptosis promotion. In addition, NEAT1 negatively regulated the expression of miR-27b-3p in GC cells. Interestingly, the depletion of miR-27b-3p dramatically attenuated the NEAT1 knockdown-mediated function in AGS and MKN-45 cells treated with radiation in vitro. Similarly, downregulation of NEAT1 enhanced the radiation-mediated inhibition of tumor growth, which was mitigated by decrease of miR-27b-3p. CONCLUSION NEAT1 depletion enhanced radio-sensitivity of GC by negatively regulating miR-27b-3p in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Jiang
- Department of Oncology, The People's Hospital of Guizhou, No. 83, Zhongshan East Road, Guiyang, 550002, Guizhou, China
| | - Shan Jin
- Department of Oncology, The People's Hospital of Guizhou, No. 83, Zhongshan East Road, Guiyang, 550002, Guizhou, China
| | - Shisheng Tan
- Department of Oncology, The People's Hospital of Guizhou, No. 83, Zhongshan East Road, Guiyang, 550002, Guizhou, China
| | - Yingbo Xue
- Department of Oncology, The People's Hospital of Guizhou, No. 83, Zhongshan East Road, Guiyang, 550002, Guizhou, China
| | - Xue Cao
- Department of Oncology, The People's Hospital of Guizhou, No. 83, Zhongshan East Road, Guiyang, 550002, Guizhou, China.
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25
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Safa A, Bahroudi Z, Shoorei H, Majidpoor J, Abak A, Taheri M, Ghafouri-Fard S. miR-1: A comprehensive review of its role in normal development and diverse disorders. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 132:110903. [PMID: 33096351 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Revised: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNA-1 (miR-1) is a conserved miRNA with high expression in the muscle tissues. In humans, two discrete genes, MIRN1-1 and MIRN1-2 residing on a genomic region on 18q11.2 produce a single mature miRNA which has 21 nucleotides. miR-1 has a regulatory role on a number of genes including heat shock protein 60 (HSP60), Kruppel-like factor 4 (KLF4) and Heart And Neural Crest Derivatives Expressed 2 (HAND2). miR-1 has critical roles in the physiological processes in the smooth and skeletal muscles as well as other tissues, thus being involved in the pathogenesis of a wide range of disorders. Moreover, dysregulation of miR-1 has been noted in diverse types of cancers including gastric, colorectal, breast, prostate and lung cancer. In the current review, we provide the summary of the data regarding the role of this miRNA in the normal development and the pathogenic processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amin Safa
- Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, 550000, Viet Nam
| | - Zahra Bahroudi
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hamed Shoorei
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Jamal Majidpoor
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Atefe Abak
- Department of Medical Genetic, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Taheri
- Urogenital Stem Cell Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Soudeh Ghafouri-Fard
- Urology and Nephrology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciecnes, Tehran, Iran.
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Fu S, Wang Y, Li H, Chen L, Liu Q. Regulatory Networks of LncRNA MALAT-1 in Cancer. Cancer Manag Res 2020; 12:10181-10198. [PMID: 33116873 PMCID: PMC7575067 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s276022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Long noncoding (lnc)RNAs are a group of RNAs with a length greater than 200 nt that do not encode a protein but play an essential role in regulating the expression of target genes in normal biological contexts as well as pathologic processes including tumorigenesis. The lncRNA metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript (MALAT)-1 has been widely studied in cancer. In this review, we describe the known functions of MALAT-1; its mechanisms of action; and associated signaling pathways and their clinical significance in different cancers. In most malignancies, including lung, colorectal, thyroid, and other cancers, MALAT-1 functions as an oncogene and is upregulated in tumors and tumor cell lines. MALAT-1 has a distinct mechanism of action in each cancer type and is thus at the center of large gene regulatory networks. Dysregulation of MALAT-1 affects cellular processes such as alternative splicing, epithelial–mesenchymal transition, apoptosis, and autophagy, which ultimately results in the abnormal cell proliferation, invasion, and migration that characterize cancers. In other malignancies, such as glioma and endometrial carcinoma, MALAT-1 functions as a tumor suppressor and thus forms additional regulatory networks. The current evidence indicates that MALAT-1 and its associated signaling pathways can serve as diagnostic or prognostic biomarker or therapeutic target in the treatment of many cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shijian Fu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanhong Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Yuebei People's Hospital of Shaoguan, The Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University, Shaoguan 512025, People's Republic of China
| | - Hang Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, People's Republic of China
| | - Leilei Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Disease, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Quanzhong Liu
- Department of Medical Genetics, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, People's Republic of China
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Kang Y, He W, Ren C, Qiao J, Guo Q, Hu J, Xu H, Jiang X, Wang L. Advances in targeted therapy mainly based on signal pathways for nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2020; 5:245. [PMID: 33093441 PMCID: PMC7582884 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-020-00340-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Revised: 09/12/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a malignant epithelial carcinoma of the head and neck region which mainly distributes in southern China and Southeast Asia and has a crucial association with the Epstein-Barr virus. Based on epidemiological data, both incidence and mortality of NPC have significantly declined in recent decades grounded on the improvement of living standard and medical level in an endemic region, in particular, with the clinical use of individualized chemotherapy and intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) which profoundly contributes to the cure rate of NPC patients. To tackle the challenges including local recurrence and distant metastasis in the current NPC treatment, we discussed the implication of using targeted therapy against critical molecules in various signal pathways, and how they synergize with chemoradiotherapy in the NPC treatment. Combination treatment including targeted therapy and IMRT or concurrent chemoradiotherapy is presumably to be future options, which may reduce radiation or chemotherapy toxicities and open new avenues for the improvement of the expected functional outcome for patients with advanced NPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanbo Kang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Cancer Research Institute, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 410008, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Cancer Research Institute, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, 410008, Changsha, Hunan, China
- The NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 410008, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Weihan He
- Department of Neurosurgery, Cancer Research Institute, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 410008, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Cancer Research Institute, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, 410008, Changsha, Hunan, China
- The NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 410008, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Caiping Ren
- Department of Neurosurgery, Cancer Research Institute, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 410008, Changsha, Hunan, China.
- Cancer Research Institute, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, 410008, Changsha, Hunan, China.
- The NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 410008, Changsha, Hunan, China.
| | - Jincheng Qiao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Cancer Research Institute, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 410008, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Cancer Research Institute, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, 410008, Changsha, Hunan, China
- The NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 410008, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Qiuyong Guo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Cancer Research Institute, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 410008, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Cancer Research Institute, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, 410008, Changsha, Hunan, China
- The NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 410008, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jingyu Hu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Cancer Research Institute, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 410008, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Cancer Research Institute, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, 410008, Changsha, Hunan, China
- The NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 410008, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Hongjuan Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Cancer Research Institute, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 410008, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Cancer Research Institute, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, 410008, Changsha, Hunan, China
- The NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 410008, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xingjun Jiang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Cancer Research Institute, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 410008, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Cancer Research Institute, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 410008, Changsha, Hunan, China.
- Cancer Research Institute, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, 410008, Changsha, Hunan, China.
- The NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 410008, Changsha, Hunan, China.
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28
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Huang D, Zhu X, Wang Y, Yu H, Pu Y. Long non-coding RNA FAM133B-2 represses the radio-resistance of nasopharyngeal cancer cells by targeting miR-34a-5p/CDK6 axis. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:16936-16950. [PMID: 32889799 PMCID: PMC7521541 DOI: 10.18632/aging.103600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Accepted: 06/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) were found to play roles in various cancers, including nasopharyngeal carcinoma. In this study, we focused on the biological function of the lncRNA FAM133B-2 in the radio-resistance of nasopharyngeal carcinoma. The RNA-seq and qRT-PCR analysis showed that FAM133B-2 is highly expressed in the radio-resistant nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells. The following biochemical assays showed that FAM133B-2 represses the nasopharyngeal carcinoma radio-resistance and also affects the apoptosis and proliferation of nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells. Further investigations suggested that miR-34a-5p targets FAM133B-2 and also regulates the cyclin-dependent kinase 6 (CDK6). All these results suggested that the lncRNA FAM133B-2 might function as a competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) for miR-34a-5p in nasopharyngeal carcinoma radio-resistance, thus it may be regarded as a novel prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target in nasopharyngeal carcinoma diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dabing Huang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230001, Anhui Province, P.R. China
| | - Xianhai Zhu
- Department of Interventional Oncology, Anhui Provincial Cancer Hospital, West Branch of the First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230001, Anhui Province, P.R. China
| | - Yong Wang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230001, Anhui Province, P.R. China
| | - Haobin Yu
- Department of Cancer Nutrition and Metabolic Therapy, No.3 Ward of Oncology, Anhui Provincial Cancer Hospital, West Branch of the First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230001, Anhui Province, P.R. China
| | - Youguang Pu
- Department of Cancer Epigenetics Program, Anhui Provincial Cancer Hospital, West Branch of the First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230001, Anhui Province, P.R. China
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29
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Dutta A, Roy A, Chatterjee S. Long noncoding RNAs in cancer immunity: a new avenue in drug discovery. Drug Discov Today 2020; 26:264-272. [PMID: 32827755 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2020.07.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2019] [Revised: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The central role of the nonprotein-coding portion of the genome, such as long noncoding (lnc)RNAs is emerging as a hidden player manipulating the immune system in cancer. lncRNAs, in association with their interacting partners, regulate the expression of various immune system genes, which are perturbed during cancer. The tissue-specific expression of lncRNAs and their importance in cellular proliferation, the tumor microenvironment (TME), epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and modulation of the cells of the innate and adaptive immune system have novel therapeutic implications in establishing lncRNAs as biomarkers and targets to overcome cancer-associated immunosuppression. In this review, we establish and strengthen the link between lncRNAs and cancer immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anindya Dutta
- Department of Biophysics, Bose Institute, P-1/12, CIT Scheme VIIM, Kankurgachi, Kolkata 700054, West Bengal, India
| | - Ananya Roy
- Department of Biophysics, Bose Institute, P-1/12, CIT Scheme VIIM, Kankurgachi, Kolkata 700054, West Bengal, India
| | - Subhrangsu Chatterjee
- Department of Biophysics, Bose Institute, P-1/12, CIT Scheme VIIM, Kankurgachi, Kolkata 700054, West Bengal, India.
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30
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E. A. R. ENS, Irekeola AA, Yean Yean C. Diagnostic and Prognostic Indications of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma. Diagnostics (Basel) 2020; 10:E611. [PMID: 32825179 PMCID: PMC7554987 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics10090611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2020] [Revised: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a disease that is highly associated with the latent infection of Epstein-Barr virus. The absence of obvious clinical signs at the early stage of the disease has made early diagnosis practically impossible, thereby promoting the establishment and progression of the disease. To enhance the stride for a reliable and less invasive tool for the diagnosis and prognosis of NPC, we synopsize biomarkers belonging to the two most implicated biological domains (oncogenes and tumor suppressors) in NPC disease. Since no single biomarker is sufficient for diagnosis and prognosis, coupled with the fact that the known established methods such as methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR), multiplex methylation-specific PCR, microarray assays, etc., can only accommodate a few biomarkers, we propose a 10-biomarker panel (KIT, LMP1, PIKC3A, miR-141, and miR-18a/b (oncogenic) and p16, RASSF1A, DAP-kinase, miR-9, and miR-26a (tumor suppressors)) based on their diagnostic and prognostic values. This marker set could be explored in a multilevel or single unified assay for the diagnosis and prognosis of NPC. If carefully harnessed and standardized, it is hoped that the proposed marker set would help transform the diagnostic and prognostic realm of NPC, and ultimately, help prevent the life-threatening late-stage NPC disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Engku Nur Syafirah E. A. R.
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, Kubang Kerian 16150, Kelantan, Malaysia; (E.N.S.E.A.R.); (A.A.I.)
| | - Ahmad Adebayo Irekeola
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, Kubang Kerian 16150, Kelantan, Malaysia; (E.N.S.E.A.R.); (A.A.I.)
- Department of Biological Sciences, Microbiology Unit, College of Natural and Applied Sciences, Summit University Offa, Offa PMB 4412, Kwara State, Nigeria
| | - Chan Yean Yean
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, Kubang Kerian 16150, Kelantan, Malaysia; (E.N.S.E.A.R.); (A.A.I.)
- Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, Kubang Kerian 16150, Kelantan, Malaysia
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31
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Yu J, Jin T, Zhang T. Suppression of Long Non-Coding RNA Metastasis-Associated Lung Adenocarcinoma Transcript 1 (MALAT1) Potentiates Cell Apoptosis and Drug Sensitivity to Taxanes and Adriamycin in Breast Cancer. Med Sci Monit 2020; 26:e922672. [PMID: 32623440 PMCID: PMC7357251 DOI: 10.12659/msm.922672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2020] [Accepted: 04/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1 (MALAT1) is expressed highly in various types of tumors. Moreover, the tumor-initiating role of MALAT1 has been probed in the context of breast cancer. This study was set to investigate the regulatory role of MALAT1 on the chemosensitivity of breast cancer cells to taxanes (Tax) and adriamycin (Adr). MATERIAL AND METHODS Following the measurement of MALAT1 expression in patients with breast cancer by means of qRT-PCR, the connection between the MALAT1 expression pattern and the prognosis of breast cancer patients as well as the molecular typing of breast cancer patients was analyzed using Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. Next, the analysis between the expression of MALAT1 and the clinical symptoms of breast cancer patients was carried out. Subsequently, we generated taxane-resistant MCF-7 cells (MCF-7/Tax) and purchased Adr-resistant MCF-7 cells (MCF-7/Adr). Finally, the proliferation, apoptosis and drug resistance of resistant and parental cells were evaluated after transfection of silencing MALAT1 into these cells. RESULTS MALAT1 was highly expressed in the breast cancer tissues. Moreover, patients with relative overexpression of MALAT1 had worse prognosis. MALAT1 expression was remarkably promoted in MCF-7/Tax and MCF-7/Adr cells, whose sensitivity to Tax and Adr was enhanced following MALAT1 knockdown. CONCLUSIONS MALAT1 was elevated in breast cancer tissues and MCF-7-resistant cells, relative to corresponding controls and downregulation of MALAT1 inhibited the growth and chemoresistance of breast cancer cells to Tax and Adr.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Yu
- Department of General Surgery I, Zhuji Central Hospital, Zhuji, Zhejiang, P.R. China
| | - Taobo Jin
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Zhuji People’s Hospital, Zhuji, Zhejiang, P.R. China
| | - Tianya Zhang
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Zhuji People’s Hospital, Zhuji, Zhejiang, P.R. China
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32
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Podralska M, Ciesielska S, Kluiver J, van den Berg A, Dzikiewicz-Krawczyk A, Slezak-Prochazka I. Non-Coding RNAs in Cancer Radiosensitivity: MicroRNAs and lncRNAs as Regulators of Radiation-Induced Signaling Pathways. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:E1662. [PMID: 32585857 PMCID: PMC7352793 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12061662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Revised: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Radiotherapy is a cancer treatment that applies high doses of ionizing radiation to induce cell death, mainly by triggering DNA double-strand breaks. The outcome of radiotherapy greatly depends on radiosensitivity of cancer cells, which is determined by multiple proteins and cellular processes. In this review, we summarize current knowledge on the role of microRNAs (miRNAs) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), in determining the response to radiation. Non-coding RNAs modulate ionizing radiation response by targeting key signaling pathways, including DNA damage repair, apoptosis, glycolysis, cell cycle arrest, and autophagy. Additionally, we indicate miRNAs and lncRNAs that upon overexpression or inhibition alter cellular radiosensitivity. Current data indicate the potential of using specific non-coding RNAs as modulators of cellular radiosensitivity to improve outcome of radiotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Podralska
- Institute of Human Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, 60-479 Poznań, Poland;
| | - Sylwia Ciesielska
- Department of Systems Biology and Engineering, Faculty of Automatic Control, Electronics and Computer Science, Silesian University of Technology, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland;
| | - Joost Kluiver
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center, Groningen, 9700RB Groningen, The Netherlands; (J.K.); (A.v.d.B.)
| | - Anke van den Berg
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center, Groningen, 9700RB Groningen, The Netherlands; (J.K.); (A.v.d.B.)
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Down-regulation of lncRNA MALAT1 alleviates vascular lesion and vascular remodeling of rats with hypertension. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 11:5192-5205. [PMID: 31343412 PMCID: PMC6682528 DOI: 10.18632/aging.102113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Objective: Recently, the effect of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in hypertension (HTN) has been identified. This study aims to explore the expression of lncRNA metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1 (MALAT1) in HTN and its role in vascular lesion and remodeling of HTN rats. Results: LncRNA MALAT1 expression was up-regulated in HTN patients, and lncRNA MALAT1 could be an effective index of HTN diagnosis. Down-regulated MALAT1 and inhibited Notch-1 could reduce relative factor expression, including inflammation-related factors, endothelial function-related factors and oxidative stress-related factors, and inhibit apoptosis of aortic endothelial cells of HTN rats. Methods: LncRNA MALAT1 expression in HTN patients and healthy controls was detected by reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). Angiotensin II (Ang II)-induced HTN rat models were injected with MALAT1-siRNA, empty lentivirus vector, Notch pathway inhibitor (DAPT) and dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) via caudal vein. After three-week treatment, changes of blood pressure, inflammatory factor levels, endothelial function-related factors, oxidative stress indices and apoptosis of vascular endothelial cells were determined by a series of assays. Conclusion: This study revealed that down-regulated lncRNA MALAT1 could alleviate the vascular lesion and remodeling of HTN rats, the mechanism may be related to the inhibited activation of Notch signaling pathway.
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Yuan C, Wang D, Zhang N, Wang Z, Yang F, He J, Sun R, Yang X, Hu J, Wu M. DNA damage/cGAS-triggered up-regulation of MALAT1 promotes undesirable inflammatory responses in radiotherapy of cancer. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2020; 528:746-752. [PMID: 32532422 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2020.05.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2020] [Accepted: 05/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Radiotherapy is the most common strategy for treating cancer. However, the radiation-induced inflammatory responses, acute or chronic, in the normal tissues of the irradiated region may result in undesirable side effects, such as lung injury and atherosclerosis. MALAT1 is believed to function in the onset, development, progression and metastasis of various cancers. Silencing MALAT1 may be a promising treatment for rescuing cancer. Nevertheless, whether MALAT1 promotes the radiation-induced undesirable inflammatory response is still uncovered. The present study reveals that radiation-induced DNA damage triggers cGAS signaling and subsequently increases the expression of MALAT1. Overexpression of MALAT1 inhibits the function of miR146a in the suppression of STAT1, which results in the boost of adhesion molecules and eventually induces acute lung injury and atherosclerosis. Thus, silencing MALAT1 may facilitate the reduction of radiation-induced acute and chronic complications in the radiotherapy of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuang Yuan
- Postdoctoral Research Station of Clinical Medicine & Department of Hematology, the 3rd Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410000, PR China; Department of Critical Care Medicine & Infection Prevention and Control, The Second People's Hospital of Shenzhen & First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Health Science Center, Shenzhen, 518035, PR China; Medical Research Center, Changsha Central Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, 410004, PR China
| | - Di Wang
- Departments of Oncology and Radiotherapy, Changsha Central Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, 410004, PR China
| | - Na Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Changsha Central Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, 410004, PR China
| | - Zhigan Wang
- Department of Pathology, Changsha Central Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, 410004, PR China
| | - Fanfan Yang
- Departments of Oncology and Radiotherapy, Changsha Central Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, 410004, PR China
| | - Jun He
- Departments of Oncology and Radiotherapy, Changsha Central Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, 410004, PR China
| | - Ruili Sun
- Henan Key Laboratory of Immunology and Targeted Drugs, School of Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, PR China
| | - Xinyu Yang
- Postdoctoral Research Station of Clinical Medicine & Department of Hematology, the 3rd Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410000, PR China
| | - Jinyue Hu
- Medical Research Center, Changsha Central Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, 410004, PR China.
| | - Ming Wu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine & Infection Prevention and Control, The Second People's Hospital of Shenzhen & First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Health Science Center, Shenzhen, 518035, PR China.
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Wu Y, Pu N, Su W, Yang X, Xing C. Downregulation of miR-1 in colorectal cancer promotes radioresistance and aggressive phenotypes. J Cancer 2020; 11:4832-4840. [PMID: 32626530 PMCID: PMC7330696 DOI: 10.7150/jca.44753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) remains to be one of the most common malignancies worldwide. Various studies have demonstrated that microRNAs (miRs) play a critical role in regulating cancer progression and sensitivity to chemoradiotherapy. miR-1 was found to be aberrantly expressed in CRC. However, it has not been fully elucidated whether miR-1 regulated CRC cell radioresistance. Methods: The expression of miR-1 was detected using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction in CRC tissues and cell lines. Colony survival and proliferation were determined using colony formation assay and MTT assay, respectively. Apoptosis and levels of related proteins, Bax and Bcl-2, were detected using flow cytometer assay and western blotting analysis. Migration and invasion were measured using wound healing assay and transwell invasion assay. The levels of invasion-associated proteins, E-cadherin, MMP2 and MMP9, were detected using western blotting analysis. Results: miR-1 was found to be downregulated in CRC tissues and cell lines compared with adjacent normal tissues. In vitro, miR-1 overexpression significantly suppressed colony survival and proliferation, and induced cell apoptosis under irradiation, but no apoptosis was detected without irradiation. Furthermore, miR-1 mimics promoted the expression of Bax and E-cadherin and decreased the expression of Bcl-2, MMP2 and MMP9, and apparently impaired the invasion and migration of CRC cells in synergy with radiotherapy. Conclusion: miR-1 enhanced the radiosensitivity of CRC cells by inducing cell apoptosis and the synergic inhibition of aggressive phenotypes, which may serve as a promising therapeutic target for CRC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Wu
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Jiangsu, 215004, China
| | - Ning Pu
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Wenzhao Su
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Jiangsu, 215004, China
| | - Xiaodong Yang
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Jiangsu, 215004, China
| | - Chungen Xing
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Jiangsu, 215004, China
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Liu S, Li B, Liang Q, Liu A, Qu L, Yang J. Classification and function of RNA-protein interactions. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-RNA 2020; 11:e1601. [PMID: 32488992 DOI: 10.1002/wrna.1601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2019] [Revised: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Almost all RNAs need to interact with proteins to fully exert their functions, and proteins also bind to RNAs to act as regulators. It has now become clear that RNA-protein interactions play important roles in many biological processes among organisms. Despite the great progress that has been made in the field, there is still no precise classification system for RNA-protein interactions, which makes it challenging to further decipher the functions and mechanisms of these interactions. In this review, we propose four different categories of RNA-protein interactions according to their basic characteristics: RNA motif-dependent RNA-protein interactions, RNA structure-dependent RNA-protein interactions, RNA modification-dependent RNA-protein interactions, and RNA guide-based RNA-protein interactions. Moreover, the integration of different types of RNA-protein interactions and the regulatory factors implicated in these interactions are discussed. Furthermore, we emphasize the functional diversity of these four types of interactions in biological processes and disease development and assess emerging trends in this exciting research field. This article is categorized under: RNA Interactions with Proteins and Other Molecules > Protein-RNA Interactions: Functional Implications RNA Interactions with Proteins and Other Molecules > Protein-RNA Recognition RNA Processing > RNA Editing and Modification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shurong Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Gene Function and Regulation, State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bin Li
- MOE Key Laboratory of Gene Function and Regulation, State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiaoxia Liang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Gene Function and Regulation, State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Anrui Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Gene Function and Regulation, State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lianghu Qu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Gene Function and Regulation, State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianhua Yang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Gene Function and Regulation, State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Interventional Medicine, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China
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Shek D, Read SA, Akhuba L, Qiao L, Gao B, Nagrial A, Carlino MS, Ahlenstiel G. Non-coding RNA and immune-checkpoint inhibitors: friends or foes? Immunotherapy 2020; 12:513-529. [DOI: 10.2217/imt-2019-0204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are an abundant component of the human transcriptome. Their biological role, however, remains incompletely understood. Nevertheless, ncRNAs are highly associated with cancer development and progression due to their ability to modulate gene expression, protein translation and growth pathways. Immune-checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are considered one of the most promising and highly effective therapeutic approaches for cancer treatment. ICIs are monoclonal antibodies targeting immune checkpoints such as CTLA-4, PD-1 and PD-L1 signalling pathways that stimulate T cell cytotoxicity and can result in tumor growth suppression. This Review will summarize existing knowledge regarding ncRNAs and their role in cancer and ICI therapy. In addition, we will discuss potential mechanisms by which ncRNAs may influence ICI treatment outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dmitrii Shek
- Blacktown Clinical School & Research Centre, Western Sydney University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Accreditation Centre, RUDN University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Scott A Read
- Blacktown Clinical School & Research Centre, Western Sydney University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Storr Liver Centre, Westmead Institute for Medical Research, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Blacktown Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Liia Akhuba
- Accreditation Centre, RUDN University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Liang Qiao
- Storr Liver Centre, Westmead Institute for Medical Research, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Westmead Hospital & Westmead Clinical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Bo Gao
- Westmead Hospital & Westmead Clinical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Blacktown Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Adnan Nagrial
- Westmead Hospital & Westmead Clinical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Blacktown Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Matteo S Carlino
- Westmead Hospital & Westmead Clinical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Melanoma Institute Australia, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Blacktown Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Golo Ahlenstiel
- Blacktown Clinical School & Research Centre, Western Sydney University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Storr Liver Centre, Westmead Institute for Medical Research, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Blacktown Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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Zhang X, Xie K, Zhou H, Wu Y, Li C, Liu Y, Liu Z, Xu Q, Liu S, Xiao D, Tao Y. Role of non-coding RNAs and RNA modifiers in cancer therapy resistance. Mol Cancer 2020; 19:47. [PMID: 32122355 PMCID: PMC7050132 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-020-01171-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 148] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
As the standard treatments for cancer, chemotherapy and radiotherapy have been widely applied to clinical practice worldwide. However, the resistance to cancer therapies is a major challenge in clinics and scientific research, resulting in tumor recurrence and metastasis. The mechanisms of therapy resistance are complicated and result from multiple factors. Among them, non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), along with their modifiers, have been investigated to play key roles in regulating tumor development and mediating therapy resistance within various cancers, such as hepatocellular carcinoma, breast cancer, lung cancer, gastric cancer, etc. In this review, we attempt to elucidate the mechanisms underlying ncRNA/modifier-modulated resistance to chemotherapy and radiotherapy, providing some therapeutic potential points for future cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, School of Basic Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, China
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Kai Xie
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Honghua Zhou
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Yuwei Wu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Chan Li
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Yating Liu
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, School of Basic Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis (Central South University), Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Early Diagnosis and Precision Therapy, Department of Thoracic Surgery, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, China
| | - Zhaoya Liu
- Department of Geriatrics, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Qian Xu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Shuang Liu
- Department of Oncology, Institute of Medical Sciences, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China.
| | - Desheng Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, School of Basic Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, China.
| | - Yongguang Tao
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, School of Basic Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, China.
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis (Central South University), Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, China.
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Early Diagnosis and Precision Therapy, Department of Thoracic Surgery, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, China.
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Skrzypek K, Majka M. Interplay among SNAIL Transcription Factor, MicroRNAs, Long Non-Coding RNAs, and Circular RNAs in the Regulation of Tumor Growth and Metastasis. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:E209. [PMID: 31947678 PMCID: PMC7017348 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12010209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2019] [Revised: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
SNAIL (SNAI1) is a zinc finger transcription factor that binds to E-box sequences and regulates the expression of genes. It usually acts as a gene repressor, but it may also activate the expression of genes. SNAIL plays a key role in the regulation of epithelial to mesenchymal transition, which is the main mechanism responsible for the progression and metastasis of epithelial tumors. Nevertheless, it also regulates different processes that are responsible for tumor growth, such as the activity of cancer stem cells, the control of cell metabolism, and the regulation of differentiation. Different proteins and microRNAs may regulate the SNAIL level, and SNAIL may be an important regulator of microRNA expression as well. The interplay among SNAIL, microRNAs, long non-coding RNAs, and circular RNAs is a key event in the regulation of tumor growth and metastasis. This review for the first time discusses different types of regulation between SNAIL and non-coding RNAs with a focus on feedback loops and the role of competitive RNA. Understanding these mechanisms may help develop novel therapeutic strategies against cancer based on microRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Klaudia Skrzypek
- Jagiellonian University Medical College, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Pediatrics, Department of Transplantation, Wielicka 265, 30-663 Cracow, Poland
| | - Marcin Majka
- Jagiellonian University Medical College, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Pediatrics, Department of Transplantation, Wielicka 265, 30-663 Cracow, Poland
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Jiang Q, Liu S, Hou L, Guan Y, Yang S, Luo Z. The implication of LncRNA MALAT1 in promoting chemo-resistance of laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma cells. J Clin Lab Anal 2019; 34:e23116. [PMID: 31837057 PMCID: PMC7171298 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.23116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2019] [Revised: 10/17/2019] [Accepted: 10/21/2019] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background This study was aimed to evaluate the involvement of lncRNA MALAT1 in modifying chemo‐sensitivity of laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) cell lines. Methods Totally 108 pairs of tumor tissues and matched para‐tumor normal tissues were gathered from patients who were pathologically confirmed as LSCC. Meanwhile, LSCC cell lines, including TU686, TU177, AMC‐HN‐8, and LSC‐1, were purchased to evaluate their tolerance to cisplatin, 5‐fluorouracil, paclitaxel, and vincristine. Additionally, CCK‐8 assay, flow cytometry, transwell assay, and wound healing assay were implemented to assess the part of MALAT1 in modulating viability, apoptosis, invasion, and migration of LSCC cell lines. Results MALAT1 expression was higher in LSCC tissues than in adjacent normal tissues (P < .05), and LSCC patients who carried highly expressed MALAT1 demonstrated poorer 5‐year survival than ones with low MALAT1 expression (P < .05). For another, expression of MALAT1 was also unusually elevated within TU686, TU177, AMC‐HN‐8, and LSC‐1 cell lines as relative to NHBEC cell line (P < .05). The TU686 cell line therein excelled in resisting the growth‐curbing effects of 5‐fluorouracil (IC50 = 20.44 μmol/L), paclitaxel (IC50 = 35.86 μg/L), and vincristine (IC50 = 0.12 μmol/L), when compared with TU177, AMC‐HN‐8, and LSC‐1 cell line (P < .05). Moreover, there seemed great potential for over‐expressed MALAT1 to enhance the chemo‐resistance of both TU686 and LSC‐1 cell lines (P < .05). Not only that, silencing of MALAT1 tended to undermine the proliferative and metastatic power of TU686 and LSC‐1 cell lines (P < .05). Conclusion LncRNA MALAT1 counted in triggering tolerance of LSCC against chemo‐drugs by boosting metastasis and depressing apoptosis of tumor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qining Jiang
- Department of Radiotherapy, Guizhou Cancer Hospital & The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Shiying Liu
- Department of Radiotherapy, Guizhou Cancer Hospital & The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Linna Hou
- Department of Radiotherapy, Guizhou Cancer Hospital & The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Yanfei Guan
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, China
| | - Shenggang Yang
- Department of Radiotherapy, Yunnan Cancer Hospital & The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Zhengyong Luo
- Department of Oncology, Puer People's Hospital, Puer, China
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Zhong Q, Chen Y, Chen Z. LncRNA MINCR regulates irradiation resistance in nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells via the microRNA-223/ZEB1 axis. Cell Cycle 2019; 19:53-66. [PMID: 31760895 PMCID: PMC6927709 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2019.1692176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Emerging evidence suggests long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) could sponge microRNAs (miRs) and monitor gene expression. In this study, we intended to search the network involving lncRNA MINCR/miR-223/ZEB1 in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) cell radiosensitivity. MINCR expression in NPC tissues, precancerous lesions and chronic nasopharyngeal mucosal inflammation tissues, and in NP460, CNE2 and CNE2R cells was detected. The associations between MINCR expression and prognosis and radiotherapy efficacy of NPC patients were evaluated. The interactions among MINCR, miR-223 and ZEB1 were verified via dual luciferase reporter gene assay, RNA pull-down and FISH assays. The gain- and loss-of-functions were performed to explore their effects on NPC cell viability, apoptosis and radiosensitivity. Levels of MINCR, miR-223, ZEB1, and AKT/PI3K-related proteins were detected after different treatments. An in vivo analysis was carried out in nude mice. Consequently, MINCR was upregulated in NPC, and linked with worse prognosis and radiotherapy efficacy. MINCR intervention weakened NPC cell radioresistance. MINCR sponged miR-223 to regulate ZEB1. Inactivating AKT eliminated the increased radioresistance of CNE2 cells induced by overexpressing MINCR. Briefly, MINCR diminished NPC cell radiosensitivity by sponging miR-223, increasing ZEB1 and activating the AKT/PI3K axis. This study may offer novel insight for NPC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingmu Zhong
- Department of Radiation Oncology, First Hospital of Quanzhou Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian, P.R. China
| | - Yifeng Chen
- Department of Pathology, First Hospital of Quanzhou Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian, P.R. China
| | - Zilong Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, First Hospital of Quanzhou Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian, P.R. China
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Wu H, Yu J, Kong D, Xu Y, Zhang Z, Shui J, Li Z, Luo H, Wang K. Population and single‑cell transcriptome analyses reveal diverse transcriptional changes associated with radioresistance in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Int J Oncol 2019; 55:1237-1248. [PMID: 31638164 PMCID: PMC6831193 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2019.4897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2019] [Accepted: 09/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is a tumor composed of heterogeneous cells that easily become radioresistant, which leads to tumor recurrence. The most commonly used treatment for ESCC is fractionated irradiation (FIR) therapy that utilizes ionizing radiation to directly induce cytotoxic cell death. However, this treatment may not be able to eliminate all cancer cells due to high adaptive evolution. To determine whether the transcriptome dynamics during ESCC recurrence formation are associated with FIR response, an in vitro cell culture model for ESCC radioresistance that mimics the common radiotherapy process in patients with ESCC was established in the present study. High‑throughput sequencing analysis of in vitro cultured ESCC cells was performed using different cumulative irradiation doses, as well as tumor samples from FIR‑treated patients with ESCC before and after the development of radioresistance. Radioresistance‑associated genes and signaling pathways that were aberrantly expressed in radioresistant ESCC cells were identified, including autophagy‑related 9B (regulation of autophagy), DNA damage‑inducible transcript 4, myoglobin and plasminogen activator tissue type, which are associated with response to hypoxia, Bcl2‑binding component 3, tumor protein P63 and interferon γ‑inducible protein 16, which are associated with DNA damage response. The heterogeneity and dynamic gene expression of ESCC cells during acquired radioresistance were further studied in primary (41 single cells), 12 Gy FIR‑treated (87 single cells) and 30 Gy FIR‑treated (89 single cells) cancer cells using a single‑cell RNA sequencing approach. The results of the present study comprehensively characterized the transcriptome dynamics during acquired radioresistance in an in vitro model of ESCC and patient tumor samples at the population and single cell level. Single‑cell RNA sequencing revealed the heterogeneity of irradiated ESCC cells and an increase in the radioresistant ESCC cell subpopulation during acquired radioresistance. Overall, these results are of potential clinical relevance as they identify a number of signaling molecules associated with radioresistance, as well as opportunities for the development of novel therapeutic options for the treatment of ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongjin Wu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Drug Addiction Medicine (Kunming Medical University), The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650032, P.R. China
| | - Juehua Yu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Drug Addiction Medicine (Kunming Medical University), The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650032, P.R. China
| | - Deshengyue Kong
- Yunnan Institute of Digestive Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650032, P.R. China
| | - Yu Xu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Drug Addiction Medicine (Kunming Medical University), The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650032, P.R. China
| | - Zunyue Zhang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Drug Addiction Medicine (Kunming Medical University), The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650032, P.R. China
| | - Jing Shui
- Shanghai International Travel Healthcare Center, Shanghai 200000, P.R. China
| | - Ziwei Li
- NHC Key Laboratory of Drug Addiction Medicine (Kunming Medical University), The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650032, P.R. China
| | - Huayou Luo
- Yunnan Institute of Digestive Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650032, P.R. China
| | - Kunhua Wang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Drug Addiction Medicine (Kunming Medical University), The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650032, P.R. China
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Li EY, Zhao PJ, Jian J, Yin BQ, Sun ZY, Xu CX, Tang YC, Wu H. Vitamin B1 and B12 mitigates neuron apoptosis in cerebral palsy by augmenting BDNF expression through MALAT1/miR-1 axis. Cell Cycle 2019; 18:2849-2859. [PMID: 31500509 PMCID: PMC6791702 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2019.1638190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Through the roles of vitamin B1 and B12 in neuroprotection and in improving cerebral palsy symptoms have been previously noticed, the action mechanism is still unclear. This study aims to investigate the protective effect of vitamin B1 and B12 on neuron injury in cerebral palsy and to clarify the mechanism of vitamin B1 and B12 inhibiting neurons apoptosis, and to focus on the role of lncRNA MALAT1 in this process. In order to investigate the effect of vitamin B1 and B12 on neurons injury in vivo and on neuron apoptosis in vitro, we, respectively, introduced vitamin B1 and B12 into cerebral palsy rat and in apoptosis-induced N2A neurons by Oxygen Glucose Deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R). Our results demonstrated that vitamin B1 and B12 treatment improved the motor and memory functions and ameliorated the neurons injury in cerebral palsy rats. OGD/R treatment repressed the expression of MALAT1 and BDNF and the phosphorylation of PI3K and Akt, and enhanced the miR-1 expression, which were all reversed by vitamin B1 and B12 treatment in N2A neurons. Vitamin B1 and B12 inhibited miR-1 expression through MALAT1, promoted BDNF expression and activated PI3K/Akt signaling through the MALAT1/miR-1 axis. Vitamin B1 and B12 suppressed neuron apoptosis by up-regulating BDNF via MALAT1/miR-1 pathway. MALAT1 interference abolished the neuroprotective effect of vitamin B1 and B12 in cerebral palsy rats. Collectively, vitamin B1 and B12 up-regulates BDNF and its downstream PI3K/Akt signaling through MALAT1/miR-1 axis, thus suppressing neuron apoptosis and mitigating nerve injury in cerebral palsy rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- En-Yao Li
- Department of Pediatric Rehabilitation, the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou , Henan , China
| | - Peng-Ju Zhao
- Department of Pediatric Rehabilitation, the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou , Henan , China
| | - Jie Jian
- Department of Pediatric Rehabilitation, the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou , Henan , China
| | - Bao-Qi Yin
- Department of Pediatric Rehabilitation, the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou , Henan , China
| | - Zhen-Yu Sun
- Department of Pediatric Rehabilitation, the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou , Henan , China
| | - Cui-Xiang Xu
- Department of Pediatric Rehabilitation, the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou , Henan , China
| | - You-Cai Tang
- Department of Pediatric Rehabilitation, the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou , Henan , China
| | - Hong Wu
- Central Laboratory in Henan Province Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicin , Zhengzhou , Henan , China
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44
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Zhu J, Chen S, Yang B, Mao W, Yang X, Cai J. Molecular mechanisms of lncRNAs in regulating cancer cell radiosensitivity. Biosci Rep 2019; 39:BSR20190590. [PMID: 31391206 PMCID: PMC6712435 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20190590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2019] [Revised: 08/05/2019] [Accepted: 08/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Radiotherapy is one of the main modalities of cancer treatment. However, tumor recurrence following radiotherapy occurs in many cancer patients. A key to solving this problem is the optimization of radiosensitivity. In recent years, long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), which affect the occurrence and development of tumors through a variety of mechanisms, have become a popular research topic. LncRNAs have been found to influence radiosensitivity by regulating various mechanisms, including DNA damage repair, cell cycle arrest, apoptosis, cancer stem cells regulation, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, and autophagy. LncRNAs are expected to become a potential therapeutic target for radiotherapy in the future. This article reviews recent advances in the role and mechanism of lncRNAs in tumor radiosensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiamin Zhu
- Department of Oncology, the Affiliated Jiangyin Hospital of Southeast University Medical College, 163 Shoushan Road, Jiangyin 214400, P.R. China
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Nantong Tumor Hospital, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong 226321, China
| | - Shusen Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Nantong Tumor Hospital, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong 226321, China
| | - Baixia Yang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Nantong Tumor Hospital, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong 226321, China
| | - Weidong Mao
- Department of Oncology, the Affiliated Jiangyin Hospital of Southeast University Medical College, 163 Shoushan Road, Jiangyin 214400, P.R. China
| | - Xi Yang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jing Cai
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Nantong Tumor Hospital, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong 226321, China
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45
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Yao Z, Zhang Y, Xu D, Zhou X, Peng P, Pan Z, Xiao N, Yao J, Li Z. Research Progress on Long Non-Coding RNA and Radiotherapy. Med Sci Monit 2019; 25:5757-5770. [PMID: 31375656 PMCID: PMC6690404 DOI: 10.12659/msm.915647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), a group of non-protein-coding RNAs longer than 200 nucleotides, are involved in multiple biological and pathological processes, such as proliferation, apoptosis, migration, invasion, angiogenesis, and immune escape. Many studies have shown that lncRNAs participate in the complex network of cancer and play vital roles as oncogenes or tumor-suppressor genes in a variety of cancers. Moreover, recent research has shown that abnormal expression of lncRNAs in malignant tumor cells before and after radiotherapy may participate in the progression of cancers and affect the radiation sensitivity of malignant tumor cells mediated by specific signaling pathways or cell cycle regulation. In this review, we summarize the published studies on lncRNAs in radiotherapy regarding the biological function and mechanism of human cancers, including esophageal cancer, pancreatic cancers, nasopharyngeal carcinoma, hepatocellular carcinoma, cervical cancer, colorectal cancer, and gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhifeng Yao
- Department of Radiotherapy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China (mainland).,Department of Oncology, The Second Clinical Medical School of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China (mainland)
| | - Yiwen Zhang
- Department of Nursing, The Affiliated Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China (mainland)
| | - Danghui Xu
- Department of Medical Imaging, Jiangsu Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China (mainland)
| | - Xuejun Zhou
- Department of Medical Imaging, The Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China (mainland)
| | - Peng Peng
- Department of Nursing, Nanjing Health Higher Vocational and Technical College, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China (mainland)
| | - Zhiyao Pan
- Department of Basic Medicine, Zhejiang University Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China (mainland)
| | - Nan Xiao
- Department of Medical Imaging, Nanjing Health Higher Vocational and Technical College, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China (mainland)
| | - Jianxin Yao
- Department of Medical Imaging, Nanjing Health Higher Vocational and Technical College, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China (mainland)
| | - Zhifeng Li
- Department of Medical Imaging, Nanjing Health Higher Vocational and Technical College, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China (mainland)
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46
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Wang WT, Han C, Sun YM, Chen TQ, Chen YQ. Noncoding RNAs in cancer therapy resistance and targeted drug development. J Hematol Oncol 2019; 12:55. [PMID: 31174564 PMCID: PMC6556047 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-019-0748-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 177] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2019] [Accepted: 05/31/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) represent a large segment of the human transcriptome and have been shown to play important roles in cellular physiology and disease pathogenesis. Increasing evidence on the functional roles of ncRNAs in cancer progression emphasizes the potential of ncRNAs for cancer treatment. Here, we summarize the roles of ncRNAs in disease relapse and resistance to current standard chemotherapy and radiotherapy; the current research progress on ncRNAs for clinical and/or potential translational applications, including the identification of ncRNAs as therapeutic targets; therapeutic approaches for ncRNA targeting; and ncRNA delivery strategies in potential clinical translation. Several ongoing clinical trials of novel RNA-based therapeutics were also emphasized. Finally, we discussed the perspectives and obstacles to different target combinations, delivery strategies, and system designs for ncRNA application. The next approved nucleic acid drug to treat cancer patients may realistically be on the horizon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Tao Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Gene Function and Regulation, State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Cai Han
- MOE Key Laboratory of Gene Function and Regulation, State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Yu-Meng Sun
- MOE Key Laboratory of Gene Function and Regulation, State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Tian-Qi Chen
- MOE Key Laboratory of Gene Function and Regulation, State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Yue-Qin Chen
- MOE Key Laboratory of Gene Function and Regulation, State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China. .,School of Life Science, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, People's Republic of China.
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47
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Ji Y, Wang M, Li X, Cui F. The Long Noncoding RNA NEAT1 Targets miR-34a-5p and Drives Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Progression via Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling. Yonsei Med J 2019; 60:336-345. [PMID: 30900419 PMCID: PMC6433575 DOI: 10.3349/ymj.2019.60.4.336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2018] [Revised: 01/05/2019] [Accepted: 01/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Long noncoding RNA nuclear paraspeckle assembly transcript 1 (NEAT1) has been deemed an oncogene in many human cancers. However, the underlying mechanism of NEAT1 in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) progression remains largely unclear. MATERIALS AND METHODS Quantitative real-time PCR assay was performed to assess the expression of NEAT1 and miR-34a-5p in NPC tissues and cells. Western blot analysis was used to observe cell epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) and the activation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling in 5-8F cells. MiRNA directly interacting with NEAT1 were verified by dual-luciferase reporter assay and RNA immunoprecipitation. Cell proliferation ability was determined by CCK-8 assay, and cell migration and invasion capacities were assessed by transwell assays. An animal model was used to investigate the regulatory effect of NEAT1 on tumor growth in vivo. RESULTS Our data revealed that NEAT1 is upregulated, while miR-34a-5p is downregulated in NPC tissues and cell lines. NEAT1 knockdown repressed tumor growth in vitro and in vivo. Additionally, we discovered that NEAT1 directly binds to miR-34a-5p and suppresses miR-34a-5p expression. Moreover, NEAT1 knockdown exerted suppression effects on cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and EMT by miR-34a-5p. NEAT1 knockdown blocked Wnt/β-catenin signaling via miR-34a-5p. CONCLUSION Our study demonstrated that NEAT1 targets miR-34a-5p at least partly to drive NPC progression by regulating Wnt/β-catenin signaling, suggesting a potential therapeutic target for NPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqing Ji
- Ear-Nose-Throat Department, Xingtai People's Hospital, Xingtai, China
| | - Man Wang
- Ear-Nose-Throat Department, Xingtai People's Hospital, Xingtai, China
| | - Xueshen Li
- Ear-Nose-Throat Department, Xingtai People's Hospital, Xingtai, China
| | - Fusheng Cui
- CT/MRI Department, Xingtai People's Hospital, Xingtai, China.
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48
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Han Y, Chen D, Li H, Wang X, Zhang M, Yang Y. [Long chain non-coding RNA MALAT-1 gene knockdown inhibits growth and migration and promotes apoptosis of human laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma Hep-2 cells in vitro]. NAN FANG YI KE DA XUE XUE BAO = JOURNAL OF SOUTHERN MEDICAL UNIVERSITY 2019; 38:923-930. [PMID: 30187883 DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-4254.2018.08.04] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of knocking down long chain non-coding RNA MALAT-1 gene on the biologicalbehaviors of human laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma Hep-2 cells. METHODS With immortalized nasopharyngeal epithelial(NPE) cell line NP-69 as the reference, MALAT1 expression in FaDu, Hep-2 and nasopharyngeal carcinoma CNE-2Z cells weredetected using real-time PCR. Hep-2 cells were transfected with shmalat1 lentivirus and the expression of MALAT1 wasdetected. MTT assay, flow cytometry, Transwell assay and M Atrigel invasiveness test were used to evaluate the effect ofMALAT-1 knockdown on the proliferation, cell cycle, cell apoptosis, migration, and invasiveness of Hep-2 cells. RESULTS Compared with NP-69 cells, Hep-2 cells, FaDu cells, and CNE-2Z cells all showed significantly increased MALAT-1expression. In Hep-2 cells, knockdown of MALAT-1 significantly inhibited the cell proliferation, increased the cell percentagein S phase (P < 0.01), decreased the cell percentage in G2/M phase (P < 0.01), and attenuated the migration and invasiveness of thecells. CONCLUSIONS MALAT-1 is over-expressed in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma, and knocking down MALAT-1 gene cansignificantly suppress the proliferation, invasion and migration and promotes apoptosis of the cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuefeng Han
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233004, China
| | - Deshang Chen
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233004, China
| | - Hui Li
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233004, China
| | - Xiaomin Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233004, China
| | - Mingjie Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233004, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233004, China
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Sun Y, Ma L. New Insights into Long Non-Coding RNA MALAT1 in Cancer and Metastasis. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11020216. [PMID: 30781877 PMCID: PMC6406606 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11020216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 190] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2019] [Revised: 02/07/2019] [Accepted: 02/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1 (MALAT1) is one of the most abundant, long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in normal tissues. This lncRNA is highly conserved among mammalian species, and based on in vitro results, has been reported to regulate alternative pre-mRNA splicing and gene expression. However, Malat1 knockout mice develop and grow normally, and do not show alterations in alternative splicing. While MALAT1 was originally described as a prognostic marker of lung cancer metastasis, emerging evidence has linked this lncRNA to other cancers, such as breast cancer, prostate cancer, pancreatic cancer, glioma, and leukemia. The role described for MALAT1 is dependent on the cancer types and the experimental model systems. Notably, different or opposite phenotypes resulting from different strategies for inactivating MALAT1 have been observed, which led to distinct models for MALAT1's functions and mechanisms of action in cancer and metastasis. In this review, we reflect on different experimental strategies used to study MALAT1's functions, and discuss the current mechanistic models of this highly abundant and conserved lncRNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutong Sun
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
| | - Li Ma
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
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50
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Abstract
Purpose The research of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) has become a new passion with the discovery of abundant new lncRNAs and extensive investigation of their roles in various diseases, especially in cancers. Metastasis associated in lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1 (MALAT1) emerges as a hotspot, which has been reported to be involved in dysregulation of cell signaling and closely correlated with cancer development, progression, and response to therapy. This review is a brief update of the current knowledge related to the role of MALAT1 in cancer-associated molecular pathways and pathophysiology and possible determinants for MALAT1 to function as a biomarker, aiming to stimulate the basic investigation of lncRNA MALAT1 as well as its translation to clinical applications. Methods We have selected vast literature from electronic databases including studies associated with its clinical significance and the pivotal functions in cancer processes such as cell proliferation, apoptosis, metastasis, immunity, angiogenesis, and drug resistance. Results Studies have shown that aberrant expression of MALAT1 is related to cancer pathophysiology with the potential to be translated clinically and MALAT1 can regulate cancer processes by interacting with molecules, such as proteins, RNAs and DNAs, and further altering different signal pathways. Conclusion MALAT1 lncRNA promises to be a potential biomarker for cancer diagnosis as well as prognosis. Additionally, it might be a therapeutic target for human cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Xing Li
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, People's Republic of China, .,Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, People's Republic of China,
| | - Qiong-Ni Zhu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, People's Republic of China, .,Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, People's Republic of China,
| | - Hai-Bo Zhang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, People's Republic of China, .,Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, People's Republic of China,
| | - Yang Hu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, People's Republic of China, .,Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, People's Republic of China,
| | - Guo Wang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, People's Republic of China, .,Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, People's Republic of China,
| | - Yuan-Shan Zhu
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, 10065, USA,
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