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Ragupathi A, Kim C, Jacinto E. The mTORC2 signaling network: targets and cross-talks. Biochem J 2024; 481:45-91. [PMID: 38270460 PMCID: PMC10903481 DOI: 10.1042/bcj20220325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
The mechanistic target of rapamycin, mTOR, controls cell metabolism in response to growth signals and stress stimuli. The cellular functions of mTOR are mediated by two distinct protein complexes, mTOR complex 1 (mTORC1) and mTORC2. Rapamycin and its analogs are currently used in the clinic to treat a variety of diseases and have been instrumental in delineating the functions of its direct target, mTORC1. Despite the lack of a specific mTORC2 inhibitor, genetic studies that disrupt mTORC2 expression unravel the functions of this more elusive mTOR complex. Like mTORC1 which responds to growth signals, mTORC2 is also activated by anabolic signals but is additionally triggered by stress. mTORC2 mediates signals from growth factor receptors and G-protein coupled receptors. How stress conditions such as nutrient limitation modulate mTORC2 activation to allow metabolic reprogramming and ensure cell survival remains poorly understood. A variety of downstream effectors of mTORC2 have been identified but the most well-characterized mTORC2 substrates include Akt, PKC, and SGK, which are members of the AGC protein kinase family. Here, we review how mTORC2 is regulated by cellular stimuli including how compartmentalization and modulation of complex components affect mTORC2 signaling. We elaborate on how phosphorylation of its substrates, particularly the AGC kinases, mediates its diverse functions in growth, proliferation, survival, and differentiation. We discuss other signaling and metabolic components that cross-talk with mTORC2 and the cellular output of these signals. Lastly, we consider how to more effectively target the mTORC2 pathway to treat diseases that have deregulated mTOR signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aparna Ragupathi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, U.S.A
| | - Christian Kim
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, U.S.A
| | - Estela Jacinto
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, U.S.A
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2
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Githaka JM, Pirayeshfard L, Goping IS. Cancer invasion and metastasis: Insights from murine pubertal mammary gland morphogenesis. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2023; 1867:130375. [PMID: 37150225 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2023.130375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Cancer invasion and metastasis accounts for the majority of cancer related mortality. A better understanding of the players that drive the aberrant invasion and migration of tumors cells will provide critical targets to inhibit metastasis. Postnatal pubertal mammary gland morphogenesis is characterized by highly proliferative, invasive, and migratory normal epithelial cells. Identifying the molecular regulators of pubertal gland development is a promising strategy since tumorigenesis and metastasis is postulated to be a consequence of aberrant reactivation of developmental stages. In this review, we summarize the pubertal morphogenesis regulators that are involved in cancer metastasis and revisit pubertal mammary gland transcriptome profiling to uncover both known and unknown metastasis genes. Our updated list of pubertal morphogenesis regulators shows that most are implicated in invasion and metastasis. This review highlights molecular linkages between development and metastasis and provides a guide for exploring novel metastatic drivers.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Maringa Githaka
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2H7, Canada.
| | - Leila Pirayeshfard
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2H7, Canada
| | - Ing Swie Goping
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2H7, Canada; Department of Oncology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2H7, Canada.
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3
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Joechle K, Guenzle J, Hellerbrand C, Strnad P, Cramer T, Neumann UP, Lang SA. Role of mammalian target of rapamycin complex 2 in primary and secondary liver cancer. World J Gastrointest Oncol 2021; 13:1632-1647. [PMID: 34853640 PMCID: PMC8603445 DOI: 10.4251/wjgo.v13.i11.1632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Revised: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) acts in two structurally and functionally distinct protein complexes, mTOR complex 1 (mTORC1) and mTOR complex 2 (mTORC2). Upon deregulation, activated mTOR signaling is associated with multiple processes involved in tumor growth and metastasis. Compared with mTORC1, much less is known about mTORC2 in cancer, mainly because of the unavailability of a selective inhibitor. However, existing data suggest that mTORC2 with its two distinct subunits Rictor and mSin1 might play a more important role than assumed so far. It is one of the key effectors of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway and stimulates cell growth, cell survival, metabolism, and cytoskeletal organization. It is not only implicated in tumor progression, metastasis, and the tumor microenvironment but also in resistance to therapy. Rictor, the central subunit of mTORC2, was found to be upregulated in different kinds of cancers and is associated with advanced tumor stages and a bad prognosis. Moreover, AKT, the main downstream regulator of mTORC2/Rictor, is one of the most highly activated proteins in cancer. Primary and secondary liver cancer are major problems for current cancer therapy due to the lack of specific medical treatment, emphasizing the need for further therapeutic options. This review, therefore, summarizes the role of mTORC2/Rictor in cancer, with special focus on primary liver cancer but also on liver metastases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Joechle
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University Hospital Rheinisch-Westfälisch Technische Hochschule Aachen, Aachen 52074, Germany
| | - Jessica Guenzle
- Department of General and Visceral Surgery, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg 79106, Germany
| | - Claus Hellerbrand
- Institute of Biochemistry, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen 91054, Germany
| | - Pavel Strnad
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital Rheinisch-Westfälisch Technische Hochschule Aachen, Aachen 52074, Germany
| | - Thorsten Cramer
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University Hospital Rheinisch-Westfälisch Technische Hochschule Aachen, Aachen 52074, Germany
| | - Ulf Peter Neumann
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University Hospital Rheinisch-Westfälisch Technische Hochschule Aachen, Aachen 52074, Germany
| | - Sven Arke Lang
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University Hospital Rheinisch-Westfälisch Technische Hochschule Aachen, Aachen 52074, Germany
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4
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Cao RZ, Min L, Liu S, Tian RY, Jiang HY, Liu J, Shao LL, Cheng R, Zhu ST, Guo SL, Li P. Rictor Activates Cav 1 Through the Akt Signaling Pathway to Inhibit the Apoptosis of Gastric Cancer Cells. Front Oncol 2021; 11:641453. [PMID: 34540654 PMCID: PMC8442624 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.641453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Rapamycin-insensitive companion of mammalian target of rapamycin (Rictor) protein is a core subunit of mammalian target of rapamycin complex 2, and is associated with cancer progression. However, the biological function of Rictor in cancer, particularly its clinical relevance in gastric cancer (GC) remains largely unknown. Methods Rictor expression and its association with clinicopathologic characteristics in GC were analyzed by immunohistochemistry. Effect of Rictor and Caveolin-1 (Cav 1) on GC cells apoptosis was evaluated via overexpression experiment in vitro. Mechanisms of Rictor and Cav 1 in GC were explored through overexpression and knockdown, by immunofluorescence and western blot analyses. Results Rictor was upregulated in GC, and mainly located in the cytoplasm of cancer cells. Moreover, higher Rictor levels were associated with worse prognosis. Rictor could inhibit GC cell apoptosis and promote cell growth in vitro. The results of immunofluorescence revealed that Cav 1 localized in GC cell membrane but did not co-localize with Rictor. Further, Rictor regulated apoptosis-related proteins, long non-coding RNAs and also activated cellular signaling, thereby positively regulating Cav 1 expression. This effect was attenuated by the Akt inhibitor ly294002. Cav 1 did not significantly affect the ability of Rictor to inhibit tumor cell apoptosis. Conclusions Rictor is upregulated in GC and associated with worse prognosis. It inhibits tumor apoptosis and activates Cav 1 through the Akt signaling pathway to inhibit the apoptosis of GC cells. Rictor is, therefore, a promising prognostic biomarker and possible therapeutic target in GC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui-Zhen Cao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Disease, Beijing Digestive Disease Center, Beijing Key Laboratory for Precancerous Lesion of Digestive Disease, Beijing, China.,Department of Gastroenterology, Ordos Central Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Disease-Ordos Subcenter, Ordos, China
| | - Li Min
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Disease, Beijing Digestive Disease Center, Beijing Key Laboratory for Precancerous Lesion of Digestive Disease, Beijing, China
| | - Si Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Disease, Beijing Digestive Disease Center, Beijing Key Laboratory for Precancerous Lesion of Digestive Disease, Beijing, China
| | - Ru-Yue Tian
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Disease, Beijing Digestive Disease Center, Beijing Key Laboratory for Precancerous Lesion of Digestive Disease, Beijing, China
| | - Hai-Yan Jiang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Disease, Beijing Digestive Disease Center, Beijing Key Laboratory for Precancerous Lesion of Digestive Disease, Beijing, China.,Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Third Affiliated Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Juan Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Disease, Beijing Digestive Disease Center, Beijing Key Laboratory for Precancerous Lesion of Digestive Disease, Beijing, China.,Department of Gastroenterology, Shanxi Province Cancer Hospital, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Lin-Lin Shao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Disease, Beijing Digestive Disease Center, Beijing Key Laboratory for Precancerous Lesion of Digestive Disease, Beijing, China
| | - Rui Cheng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Disease, Beijing Digestive Disease Center, Beijing Key Laboratory for Precancerous Lesion of Digestive Disease, Beijing, China
| | - Sheng-Tao Zhu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Disease, Beijing Digestive Disease Center, Beijing Key Laboratory for Precancerous Lesion of Digestive Disease, Beijing, China
| | - Shui-Long Guo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Disease, Beijing Digestive Disease Center, Beijing Key Laboratory for Precancerous Lesion of Digestive Disease, Beijing, China
| | - Peng Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Disease, Beijing Digestive Disease Center, Beijing Key Laboratory for Precancerous Lesion of Digestive Disease, Beijing, China
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5
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Kyriakopoulos G, Katopodi V, Skeparnias I, Kaliatsi EG, Grafanaki K, Stathopoulos C. KRAS G12C Can Either Promote or Impair Cap-Dependent Translation in Two Different Lung Adenocarcinoma Cell Lines. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22042222. [PMID: 33672357 PMCID: PMC7926983 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22042222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2021] [Revised: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
KRASG12C is among the most common oncogenic mutations in lung adenocarcinoma and a promising target for treatment by small-molecule inhibitors. KRAS oncogenic signaling is responsible for modulation of tumor microenvironment, with translation factors being among the most prominent deregulated targets. In the present study, we used TALENs to edit EGFRWT CL1-5 and A549 cells for integration of a Tet-inducible KRASG12C expression system. Subsequent analysis of both cell lines showed that cap-dependent translation was impaired in CL1-5 cells via involvement of mTORC2 and NF-κB. In contrast, in A549 cells, which additionally harbor the KRASG12S mutation, cap-dependent translation was favored via recruitment of mTORC1, c-MYC and the positive regulation of eIF4F complex. Downregulation of eIF1, eIF5 and eIF5B in the same cell line suggested a stringency loss of start codon selection during scanning of mRNAs. Puromycin staining and polysome profile analysis validated the enhanced translation rates in A549 cells and the impaired cap-dependent translation in CL1-5 cells. Interestingly, elevated translation rates were restored in CL1-5 cells after prolonged induction of KRASG12C through an mTORC1/p70S6K-independent way. Collectively, our results suggest that KRASG12C signaling differentially affects the regulation of the translational machinery. These differences could provide additional insights and facilitate current efforts to effectively target KRAS.
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Affiliation(s)
- George Kyriakopoulos
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece; (G.K.)
| | - Vicky Katopodi
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece; (G.K.)
- Laboratory for RNA Cancer Biology, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ilias Skeparnias
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece; (G.K.)
| | - Eleni G Kaliatsi
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece; (G.K.)
| | - Katerina Grafanaki
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece; (G.K.)
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece
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Guenzle J, Akasaka H, Joechle K, Reichardt W, Venkatasamy A, Hoeppner J, Hellerbrand C, Fichtner-Feigl S, Lang SA. Pharmacological Inhibition of mTORC2 Reduces Migration and Metastasis in Melanoma. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 22:ijms22010030. [PMID: 33375117 PMCID: PMC7792954 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22010030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Revised: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite recent advances in therapy, liver metastasis from melanoma is still associated with poor prognosis. Although targeting the mTOR signaling pathway exerts potent anti-tumor activity, little is known about specific mTORC2 inhibition regarding liver metastasis. Using the novel mTORC2 specific inhibitor JR-AB2-011, we show significantly reduced migration and invasion capacity by impaired activation of MMP2 in melanoma cells. In addition, blockade of mTORC2 induces cell death by non-apoptotic pathways and reduces tumor cell proliferation rate dose-dependently. Furthermore, a significant reduction of liver metastasis was detected in a syngeneic murine metastasis model upon therapy with JR-AB2-011 as determined by in vivo imaging and necropsy. Hence, our study for the first time highlights the impact of the pharmacological blockade of mTORC2 as a potent novel anti-cancer approach for liver metastasis from melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Guenzle
- Department of General and Visceral Surgery, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Hugstetter Strasse 55, 79106 Freiburg, Germany; (J.G.); (H.A.); (K.J.); (J.H.); (S.F.-F.)
| | - Harue Akasaka
- Department of General and Visceral Surgery, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Hugstetter Strasse 55, 79106 Freiburg, Germany; (J.G.); (H.A.); (K.J.); (J.H.); (S.F.-F.)
| | - Katharina Joechle
- Department of General and Visceral Surgery, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Hugstetter Strasse 55, 79106 Freiburg, Germany; (J.G.); (H.A.); (K.J.); (J.H.); (S.F.-F.)
| | - Wilfried Reichardt
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany;
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Radiology Medical Physics, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Killianstrasse 5a, 79106 Freiburg, Germany;
| | - Aina Venkatasamy
- Department of Radiology Medical Physics, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Killianstrasse 5a, 79106 Freiburg, Germany;
- Service de Radiologie 1, Hôpital de Hautepierre, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, 1 Avenue Molière, 67098 Strasbourg, France
- Laboratory Stress Response and Innovative Therapies “Streinth”, Inserm IRFAC UMR_S1113, Université de Strasbourg, 67098 Strasbourg, France
| | - Jens Hoeppner
- Department of General and Visceral Surgery, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Hugstetter Strasse 55, 79106 Freiburg, Germany; (J.G.); (H.A.); (K.J.); (J.H.); (S.F.-F.)
| | - Claus Hellerbrand
- Institute of Biochemistry, Friedrich–Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Fahrstrasse 17, 91054 Erlangen, Germany;
| | - Stefan Fichtner-Feigl
- Department of General and Visceral Surgery, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Hugstetter Strasse 55, 79106 Freiburg, Germany; (J.G.); (H.A.); (K.J.); (J.H.); (S.F.-F.)
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Freiburg-CCCF, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Sven A. Lang
- Department of General and Visceral Surgery, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Hugstetter Strasse 55, 79106 Freiburg, Germany; (J.G.); (H.A.); (K.J.); (J.H.); (S.F.-F.)
- Department of Surgery and Transplantation, University Hospital RWTH, 52074 Aachen, Germany
- Correspondence:
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7
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Zhang J, Liu Y, Xu B, Li F, Wang Y, Li M, Du R, Zhou Y, Salgia M, Yang L, Jones JO. Circulating tumor DNA analysis of metastatic renal cell carcinoma. Mol Clin Oncol 2020; 14:16. [PMID: 33312563 PMCID: PMC7726308 DOI: 10.3892/mco.2020.2178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The genomic landscape of metastatic renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is not well understood, and currently available data suggest that it is functionally distinct from that of localized tumors. Additionally, the large number of approved and trial agents used to treat metastatic RCC likely cause selective adaptations in the tumors. Circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) is a platform to non-invasively determine the genomic profiles of these tumors. The objectives of the present study were to corroborate previous ctDNA studies in metastatic RCC, to identify novel mutations in metastatic RCC, and to compare ctDNA profiles obtained from plasma and urine in patients with metastatic RCC. ctDNA sequencing using the plasma and urine of 50 patients with metastatic RCC who received ctDNA profiling as part of routine clinical care at a single institution was performed using an investigational 120-gene panel. Genomic alterations (GAs) were identified in all 50 patients. The genes with the most GAs were GNAS, PTEN, MYC, MET and HNF1A and novel mutations in additional genes were identified. A significant correlation between the number of GAs detected in matched urine and plasma samples was also identified, but only 28.1% of GAs detected in plasma samples were also detected in matched urine samples. The results of the present study were consistent with those of the largest previous study of ctDNA from patients with metastatic RCC and may help identify additional potential targets for the treatment of such patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingbo Zhang
- Beijing USCI Medical Laboratory, Beijing 100049, P.R. China
| | - Yunchao Liu
- Beijing USCI Medical Laboratory, Beijing 100049, P.R. China
| | - Bing Xu
- Beijing USCI Medical Laboratory, Beijing 100049, P.R. China
| | - Fuwei Li
- Beijing USCI Medical Laboratory, Beijing 100049, P.R. China
| | - Yan Wang
- Beijing USCI Medical Laboratory, Beijing 100049, P.R. China
| | - Mengjian Li
- Beijing USCI Medical Laboratory, Beijing 100049, P.R. China
| | - Rong Du
- Beijing USCI Medical Laboratory, Beijing 100049, P.R. China
| | - Ye Zhou
- Beijing USCI Medical Laboratory, Beijing 100049, P.R. China
| | - Meghan Salgia
- Department of Medical Oncology, City of Hope Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Lixin Yang
- Department of Medical Oncology, City of Hope Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Jeremy O Jones
- Department of Medical Oncology, City of Hope Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
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Jin J, Zhou M, Wang X, Liu M, Huang H, Yan F, Yu Z, Shu X, Huo X, Feng L, Zhang B, Huang S, Deng S, Wang C, Ma X. Triptolidenol, isolated from Tripterygium wilfordii, disrupted NF-κB/COX-2 pathway by targeting ATP-binding sites of IKKβ in clear cell renal cell carcinoma. Fitoterapia 2020; 148:104779. [PMID: 33242535 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2020.104779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Revised: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 11/21/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Triptolidenol (TPD) is an epoxy diterpene lactone from Tripterygium wilfordii, which has been used for chronic nephritis in China,and possessed various pharmacological properties, such as anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer activities. However, the precise molecular antitumor mechanism of TPD remains to be elucidated. In this study, we investigated the effects of TPD on human clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) and investigated its precise anti-tumor mechanisms. It was showed that TPD significantly suppressed ccRCC cell proliferation, cell migration, and induced cell cycle arrest at S phase. Furthermore, TPD also induced apoptosis by activating the cytochrome c (cyt c)/caspase cascade signaling pathway. Moreover, using confocal immunofluorescence, a dual-luciferase reporter assay and molecular docking study, the results showed that TPD obviously reduced the expression of COX-2 by inhibiting the kinase activity of IKKβ via targeting its ATP-binding domain, and then attenuating the transactivation of NF-κB. Collectively, our study demonstrated that TPD suppressed renal cell carcinoma growth through disrupting NF-κB/COX-2 pathway by targeting ATP-binding sites of IKKβ, and provided pharmacological evidence that TPD exhibits potential use in the treatment of COX-2-mediated diseases such as ccRCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junmei Jin
- Laboratory of Modern Preparation of TCM, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China; Academy of Integrative Medicine, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, The Third People's Hospital of Dalian, Non-Directly Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Meirong Zhou
- Laboratory of Modern Preparation of TCM, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China; Academy of Integrative Medicine, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, The Third People's Hospital of Dalian, Non-Directly Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Xun Wang
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, The Third People's Hospital of Dalian, Non-Directly Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Min Liu
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, The Third People's Hospital of Dalian, Non-Directly Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China; Neurology Department, Dalian University Affiliated Xinhua Hospital, Dalian 116021, China
| | - Huilian Huang
- Laboratory of Modern Preparation of TCM, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China
| | - Fei Yan
- Laboratory of Modern Preparation of TCM, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China
| | - Zhenlong Yu
- Laboratory of Modern Preparation of TCM, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China; Academy of Integrative Medicine, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, The Third People's Hospital of Dalian, Non-Directly Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China.
| | - Xiaohong Shu
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, The Third People's Hospital of Dalian, Non-Directly Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Xiaokui Huo
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, The Third People's Hospital of Dalian, Non-Directly Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Lei Feng
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, The Third People's Hospital of Dalian, Non-Directly Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Baojing Zhang
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, The Third People's Hospital of Dalian, Non-Directly Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Shanshan Huang
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, The Third People's Hospital of Dalian, Non-Directly Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Sa Deng
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, The Third People's Hospital of Dalian, Non-Directly Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Chao Wang
- Laboratory of Modern Preparation of TCM, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China.
| | - Xiaochi Ma
- Laboratory of Modern Preparation of TCM, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China
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9
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Jinesh GG, Brohl AS. The genetic script of metastasis. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 2020; 95:244-266. [PMID: 31663259 DOI: 10.1111/brv.12562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2018] [Revised: 09/24/2019] [Accepted: 09/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Metastasis is a pivotal event that changes the course of cancers from benign and treatable to malignant and difficult to treat, resulting in the demise of patients. Understanding the genetic control of metastasis is thus crucial to develop efficient and sustainable targeted therapies. Here we discuss the alterations in epigenetic mechanisms, transcription, chromosomal instability, chromosome imprinting, non-coding RNAs, coding RNAs, mutant RNAs, enhancers, G-quadruplexes, and copy number variation to dissect the genetic control of metastasis. We conclude that the genetic control of metastasis is predominantly executed through epithelial to mesenchymal transition and evasion of cell death. We discuss how genetic regulatory mechanisms can be harnessed for therapeutic purposes to achieve sustainable control over cancer metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Goodwin G Jinesh
- Department of Molecular Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL, 33612, U.S.A.,Sarcoma Department, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL, 33612, U.S.A
| | - Andrew S Brohl
- Sarcoma Department, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL, 33612, U.S.A.,Chemical Biology and Molecular Medicine Program, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL, 33612, U.S.A
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10
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Gkountakos A, Pilotto S, Mafficini A, Vicentini C, Simbolo M, Milella M, Tortora G, Scarpa A, Bria E, Corbo V. Unmasking the impact of Rictor in cancer: novel insights of mTORC2 complex. Carcinogenesis 2019; 39:971-980. [PMID: 29955840 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgy086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2018] [Revised: 06/16/2018] [Accepted: 06/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Genomic alterations affecting components of the mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway are found rather frequently in cancers, suggesting that aberrant pathway activity is implicated in oncogenesis of different tumor types. mTOR functions as the core catalytic kinase of two distinct complexes, mTOR complex 1 (mTORC1) and 2 (mTORC2), which control numerous vital cellular processes. There is growing evidence indicating that Rictor, an essential subunit of the mTORC2 complex, is inappropriately overexpressed across numerous cancer types and this is associated with poor survival. To date, the candidate mechanisms responsible for aberrant Rictor expression described in cancer are two: (i) gene amplification and (ii) epigenetic regulation, mainly by microRNAs. Moreover, different mTOR-independent Rictor-containing complexes with oncogenic role have been documented, revealing alternative routes of Rictor-driven tumorigenesis, but simultaneously, paving the way for identifying novel biomarkers and therapeutic targets. Here, we review the main preclinical and clinical data regarding the role of Rictor in carcinogenesis and metastatic behavior as well as the potentiality of its alteration as a target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasios Gkountakos
- Section of Pathology, Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Sara Pilotto
- Medical Oncology Section, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata, Verona, Italy
| | - Andrea Mafficini
- ARC-NET Applied Research on Cancer Center, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Caterina Vicentini
- Section of Pathology, Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, University of Verona, Verona, Italy.,ARC-NET Applied Research on Cancer Center, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Michele Simbolo
- Section of Pathology, Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Michele Milella
- Medical Oncology 1, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Giampaolo Tortora
- Medical Oncology Section, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata, Verona, Italy
| | - Aldo Scarpa
- Section of Pathology, Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, University of Verona, Verona, Italy.,ARC-NET Applied Research on Cancer Center, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Emilio Bria
- Medical Oncology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Corbo
- Section of Pathology, Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, University of Verona, Verona, Italy.,ARC-NET Applied Research on Cancer Center, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
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11
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Zhai W, Li S, Zhang J, Chen Y, Ma J, Kong W, Gong D, Zheng J, Xue W, Xu Y. Sunitinib-suppressed miR-452-5p facilitates renal cancer cell invasion and metastasis through modulating SMAD4/SMAD7 signals. Mol Cancer 2018; 17:157. [PMID: 30419914 PMCID: PMC6231268 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-018-0906-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2018] [Accepted: 10/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Although microRNAs (miRNAs) were revealed as crucial modulators in tumor metastasis and target therapy, our understanding of their roles in metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) and Sunitinib treatment was limited. Here we sought to identify human miRNAs that acted as key regulators in renal cancer metastasis and Sunitinib treatment. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN We focused on 2 published microarray data to select out our anchored miRNA and then explored the roles of miR-452-5p both in vitro and in vivo, which was downregulated after Sunitinib treatment while upregulated in metastasis renal cell carcinoma (RCC) tissues. RESULTS Here, we discovered that treating with Sunitinib, the targeted receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI), inhibited renal cancer cell migration and invasion via attenuating the expression of miR-452-5p. The novel identified miR-452-5p was upregulated and associated with poor prognosis in RCC. Preclinical studies using multiple RCC cells and xenografts model illustrated that miR-452-5p could promote RCC cell migration and invasion in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, P65 could directly bind to the miR-452-5p promoter and thus transcriptionally induce miR-452-5p expression, which led to post-transcriptionally abrogate SMAD4 expression, thus inhibition of its downstream gene SMAD7. CONCLUSION Our study presented a road map for targeting this newly identified miR-452-5p and its SMAD4/SMAD7 signals pathway, which imparted a new potential therapeutic strategy for mRCC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhai
- Department of Urology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine in Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 160 Pujian Road, Pudong District, Shanghai, 200127, China.
| | - Saiyang Li
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Jin Zhang
- Department of Urology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine in Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 160 Pujian Road, Pudong District, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Yonghui Chen
- Department of Urology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine in Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 160 Pujian Road, Pudong District, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Junjie Ma
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Wen Kong
- Department of Urology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine in Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 160 Pujian Road, Pudong District, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Dongkui Gong
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine in Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Junhua Zheng
- Department of Urology, Shanghai First People's Hospital, School of Medicine in Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200080, China
| | - Wei Xue
- Department of Urology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine in Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 160 Pujian Road, Pudong District, Shanghai, 200127, China.
| | - Yunfei Xu
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine in Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, China.
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12
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Schmidt KM, Dietrich P, Hackl C, Guenzle J, Bronsert P, Wagner C, Fichtner-Feigl S, Schlitt HJ, Geissler EK, Hellerbrand C, Lang SA. Inhibition of mTORC2/RICTOR Impairs Melanoma Hepatic Metastasis. Neoplasia 2018; 20:1198-1208. [PMID: 30404068 PMCID: PMC6224335 DOI: 10.1016/j.neo.2018.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2018] [Revised: 10/09/2018] [Accepted: 10/11/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Mammalian target of rapamycin complex 2 (mTORC2) with its pivotal component rapamycin-insensitive companion of mTOR (RICTOR) is the major regulator of AKT phosphorylation and is increasingly implicated in tumor growth and progression. In cutaneous melanoma, an extremely aggressive and highly metastatic disease, RICTOR overexpression is involved in tumor development and invasiveness. Therefore, we investigated the impact of RICTOR inhibition in melanoma cells in vitro and in vivo with special emphasis on hepatic metastasis. Moreover, our study focused on the interaction of tumor cells and hepatic stellate cells (HSC) which play a crucial role in the hepatic microenvironment. In silico analysis revealed increased RICTOR expression in melanoma cells and tissues and indicated higher expression in advanced melanoma stages and metastases. In vitro, transient RICTOR knock-down via siRNA caused a significant reduction of tumor cell motility. Using a syngeneic murine splenic injection model, a significant decrease in liver metastasis burden was detected in vivo. Moreover, stimulation of melanoma cells with conditioned medium (CM) from activated HSC or hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) led to a significant induction of AKT phosphorylation and tumor cell motility. Blocking of RICTOR expression in cancer cells diminished constitutive and HGF-induced AKT phosphorylation as well as cell motility. Interestingly, RICTOR blockade also led to an abrogation of CM-induced effects on AKT phosphorylation and motility in melanoma cells. In conclusion, these results provide first evidence for a critical role of mTORC2/RICTOR in melanoma liver metastasis via cancer cell/HSC interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina M Schmidt
- Department of Surgery, Regensburg University Hospital, Franz-Josef-Strauss Allee 9, Regensburg, Germany.
| | - Peter Dietrich
- Institute of Biochemistry, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Fahrstrasse 17, Germany; Department of Medicine 1, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany.
| | - Christina Hackl
- Department of Surgery, Regensburg University Hospital, Franz-Josef-Strauss Allee 9, Regensburg, Germany.
| | - Jessica Guenzle
- Department of General and Visceral Surgery, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Hugstetter Strasse 55, Germany.
| | - Peter Bronsert
- Institute for Surgical Pathology, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Breisacher Strasse 115a, Germany; Tumorbank Comprehensive Cancer Center Freiburg, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Breisacher Strasse 115a, Germany.
| | - Christine Wagner
- Department of Surgery, Regensburg University Hospital, Franz-Josef-Strauss Allee 9, Regensburg, Germany.
| | - Stefan Fichtner-Feigl
- Department of General and Visceral Surgery, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Hugstetter Strasse 55, Germany.
| | - Hans J Schlitt
- Department of Surgery, Regensburg University Hospital, Franz-Josef-Strauss Allee 9, Regensburg, Germany.
| | - Edward K Geissler
- Department of Surgery, Regensburg University Hospital, Franz-Josef-Strauss Allee 9, Regensburg, Germany.
| | - Claus Hellerbrand
- Institute of Biochemistry, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Fahrstrasse 17, Germany.
| | - Sven A Lang
- Department of Surgery, Regensburg University Hospital, Franz-Josef-Strauss Allee 9, Regensburg, Germany; Department of General and Visceral Surgery, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Hugstetter Strasse 55, Germany.
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13
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He H, Dai J, Xu Z, He W, Wang X, Zhu Y, Wang H. Fbxw7 regulates renal cell carcinoma migration and invasion via suppression of the epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Oncol Lett 2018; 15:3694-3702. [PMID: 29456733 PMCID: PMC5795825 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.7744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2016] [Accepted: 11/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
F-box and WD repeat domain containing 7 (Fbxw7) is an F-box protein that belongs to the SKP1-CUL1-F-box protein E3 ligase complex and is responsible for transferring the ubiquitin molecule to the substrate, which results in its recognition and subsequent degradation by proteasomes. Furthermore, it can identify a network of signaling proteins that function in cell growth, diversion and apoptosis. In the present study, Fbxw7 was downregulated in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) tissues compared with the adjacent non-tumor tissues and its expression was significantly associated with the tumor-node-metastasis stage, lymph node metastasis and distant metastasis in patients with RCC. Furthermore, multivariate Cox regression analyses indicated that Fbxw7 expression was an independent factor for the prediction of the overall survival of patients with RCC. A functional study demonstrated that downregulation of Fbxw7 facilitated tumor cell migration and invasion via the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Therefore, the results of the current study indicted that Fbxw7 is an anti-oncogene that serves a notable function in RCC development by suppressing RCC metastasis and the EMT, indicating the potential therapeutic value of Fbxw7 in inhibiting metastasis in RCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongchao He
- Department of Urology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, P.R. China
| | - Jun Dai
- Department of Urology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, P.R. China
| | - Zhaoping Xu
- Department of Urology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, P.R. China
| | - Wei He
- Department of Urology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, P.R. China
| | - Xiaojing Wang
- Department of Urology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, P.R. China
| | - Yu Zhu
- Department of Urology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, P.R. China
| | - Haofei Wang
- Department of Urology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, P.R. China
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14
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Liang X, Sun R, Zhao X, Zhang Y, Gu Q, Dong X, Zhang D, Sun J, Sun B. Rictor regulates the vasculogenic mimicry of melanoma via the AKT-MMP-2/9 pathway. J Cell Mol Med 2017; 21:3579-3591. [PMID: 28699701 PMCID: PMC5706568 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.13268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2016] [Accepted: 05/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Vasculogenic mimicry (VM)‐positive melanomas are usually associated with poor prognosis. Rictor, the key component of the rapamycin‐insensitive complex of mTOR (mTORC2), is up‐regulated in several cancers, especially in melanomas with poor prognosis. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of Rictor in the regulation of VM and the mechanism underlying this possible regulation. VM channels were found in 35 of 81 tested melanoma samples and high Rictor expression correlated with VM structures. Moreover, Kaplan–Meier survival curves indicated that VM structures and high Rictor expression correlated with shorter survival in patients with melanoma. In vitro, Rictor knockdown by short hairpin RNA (shRNA) significantly inhibited the ability of A375 and MUM‐2B melanoma cells to form VM structures, as evidenced by most tubes remaining open. Cell cycle analysis revealed that Rictor knockdown blocked cell growth and resulted in the accumulation of cells in G2/M phase, and cell migration and invasion were greatly affected after Rictor down‐regulation. Western blotting assays indicated that down‐regulating Rictor significantly inhibited the phosphorylation of AKT at Ser473 and Thr308, which subsequently inhibited the expression and activity of downstream MMP‐2/9, as confirmed by real‐time PCR and gelatin Zymography. MK‐2206, a small‐molecule inhibitor of AKT, similarly inhibited the activity of AKT and secretion of MMP‐2/9, further supporting that Rictor down‐regulation inhibits the phosphorylation of AKT and activity of downstream MMP‐2/9 to affect VM formation. In conclusion, Rictor plays an important role in melanoma VM via the Rictor—AKT—MMP‐2/9 signalling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingmei Liang
- Department of Pathology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Ran Sun
- Department of Surgery, Tianjin Hospital of ITCWM Nankai Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiulan Zhao
- Department of Pathology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.,Department of Pathology, General Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yanhui Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Cancer Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Qiang Gu
- Department of Pathology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.,Department of Pathology, General Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xueyi Dong
- Department of Pathology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.,Department of Pathology, General Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Danfang Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.,Department of Pathology, General Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Junying Sun
- Department of Pathology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Baocun Sun
- Department of Pathology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.,Department of Pathology, General Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.,Department of Pathology, Cancer Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
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15
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Wang S, Song X, Li X, Zhao X, Chen H, Wang J, Wu J, Gao Z, Qian J, Han B, Bai C, Li Q, Lu D. RICTOR polymorphisms affect efficiency of platinum-based chemotherapy in Chinese non-small-cell lung cancer patients. Pharmacogenomics 2016; 17:1637-1647. [PMID: 27676404 DOI: 10.2217/pgs-2016-0070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM We investigated the association between RICTOR polymorphisms and clinical outcomes of platinum-based chemotherapy for Chinese non-small-cell lung cancer patients. MATERIALS & METHODS Ten tag SNPs were genotyped in 1004 patients to assess their association with clinical benefit, overall survival, progression-free survival, gastrointestinal toxicity, neutropenia, anemia and thrombocytopenia. RESULTS rs6878291 was significantly associated with clinical benefit (odds ratio: 2.037; p = 0.001) and reduced progression-free survival (hazard ratio: 1.461; p = 0.001). Stratified analysis showed that their most significant interaction was in nonsmokers. No association was observed between SNPs and other clinical outcomes. CONCLUSION The study showed evidences for RICTOR polymorphisms' role in platinum-based chemotherapy efficiency, which could provide new insight to lung cancer management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiming Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering & MOE Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, Institute of Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao Song
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering & MOE Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, Institute of Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoying Li
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering & MOE Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, Institute of Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Crime SceneEvidence, Shanghai Research Institute of Criminal Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Xueying Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering & MOE Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, Institute of Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongyan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering & MOE Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, Institute of Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiucun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering & MOE Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, Institute of Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Junjie Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering & MOE Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, Institute of Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Pneumology, Changhai Hospital of Shanghai, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhiqiang Gao
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ji Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering & MOE Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, Institute of Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Baohui Han
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chunxue Bai
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiang Li
- Department of Pneumology, Changhai Hospital of Shanghai, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Daru Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering & MOE Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, Institute of Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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