1
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Maekawa S, Takata R, Obara W. Molecular Mechanisms of Prostate Cancer Development in the Precision Medicine Era: A Comprehensive Review. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:523. [PMID: 38339274 PMCID: PMC10854717 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16030523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Revised: 01/21/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The progression of prostate cancer (PCa) relies on the activation of the androgen receptor (AR) by androgens. Despite efforts to block this pathway through androgen deprivation therapy, resistance can occur through several mechanisms, including the abnormal activation of AR, resulting in castration-resistant PCa following the introduction of treatment. Mutations, amplifications, and splicing variants in AR-related genes have garnered attention in this regard. Furthermore, recent large-scale next-generation sequencing analysis has revealed the critical roles of AR and AR-related genes, as well as the DNA repair, PI3K, and cell cycle pathways, in the onset and progression of PCa. Moreover, research on epigenomics and microRNA has increasingly become popular; however, it has not translated into the development of effective therapeutic strategies. Additionally, treatments targeting homologous recombination repair mutations and the PI3K/Akt pathway have been developed and are increasingly accessible, and multiple clinical trials have investigated the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors. In this comprehensive review, we outline the status of PCa research in genomics and briefly explore potential future developments in the field of epigenetic modifications and microRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shigekatsu Maekawa
- Department of Urology, Iwate Medical University, Iwate 028-3694, Japan; (R.T.); (W.O.)
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2
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Giridharan M, Rupani V, Banerjee S. Signaling Pathways and Targeted Therapies for Stem Cells in Prostate Cancer. ACS Pharmacol Transl Sci 2022; 5:193-206. [PMID: 35434534 PMCID: PMC9003388 DOI: 10.1021/acsptsci.2c00019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the most frequently occurring cancers among men, and the current statistics show that it is the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths among men. Over the years, research in PCa treatment and therapies has made many advances. Despite these efforts, the standardized therapies such as radiation, chemotherapy, hormonal therapy and surgery are not considered completely effective in treating advanced and metastatic PCa. In most situations, fast-dividing tumor cells are targeted, leaving behind relatively slowly dividing, chemoresistant cells known as cancer stem cells. Therefore, following the seemingly successful treatments, the lingering quiescent cancer stem cells are able to renew themselves, undergo differentiation into mature tumor cells, and sufficiently reinitiate the disease, leading to cancer relapse. Thus, prostate cancer stem cells (PCSCs) have been reported to play a vital role in controlling the dynamics of tumorigenesis, progression, and resistance to therapies in PCa. However, the complete knowledge on the mechanisms regulating the stemness of PCSCs is still unclear. Thus, studying the stemness of PCSCs will allow for the development of more effective cancer therapies due to the durable response, resulting in a reduction in recurrences of cancer. In this Review, we will specifically describe the molecular mechanisms responsible for regulating the stemness of PCSCs. Furthermore, current developments in stem cell-specific therapeutic approaches along with future prospects will also be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhuvanthi Giridharan
- School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore-632104, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Vasu Rupani
- School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore-632104, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Satarupa Banerjee
- School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore-632104, Tamil Nadu, India
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3
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Morgan R, da Silveira WA, Kelly RC, Overton I, Allott EH, Hardiman G. Long non-coding RNAs and their potential impact on diagnosis, prognosis, and therapy in prostate cancer: racial, ethnic, and geographical considerations. Expert Rev Mol Diagn 2021; 21:1257-1271. [PMID: 34666586 DOI: 10.1080/14737159.2021.1996227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Advances in high-throughput sequencing have greatly advanced our understanding of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in a relatively short period of time. This has expanded our knowledge of cancer, particularly how lncRNAs drive many important cancer phenotypes via their regulation of gene expression. AREAS COVERED Men of African descent are disproportionately affected by PC in terms of incidence, morbidity, and mortality. LncRNAs could serve as biomarkers to differentiate low-risk from high-risk diseases. Additionally, they may represent therapeutic targets for advanced and castrate-resistant cancer. We review current research surrounding lncRNAs and their association with PC. We discuss how lncRNAs can provide new insights and diagnostic biomarkers for African American men. Finally, we review advances in computational approaches that predict the regulatory effects of lncRNAs in cancer. EXPERT OPINION PC diagnostic biomarkers that offer high specificity and sensitivity are urgently needed. PC specific lncRNAs are compelling as diagnostic biomarkers owing to their high tissue and tumor specificity and presence in bodily fluids. Recent studies indicate that PCA3 clinical utility might be restricted to men of European descent. Further work is required to develop lncRNA biomarkers tailored for men of African descent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Morgan
- Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK.,Institute for Global Food Security (IGFS), Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - Willian Abraham da Silveira
- Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK.,Institute for Global Food Security (IGFS), Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - Ryan Christopher Kelly
- Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences, Patrick G. Johnston Centre for Cancer Research, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - Ian Overton
- Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences, Patrick G. Johnston Centre for Cancer Research, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - Emma H Allott
- Institute for Global Food Security (IGFS), Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK.,Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences, Patrick G. Johnston Centre for Cancer Research, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK.,Department of Histopathology and Morbid Anatomy, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Gary Hardiman
- Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK.,Institute for Global Food Security (IGFS), Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK.,Department of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina (MUSC), Charleston, South Carolina
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4
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Wang X, Song B, Zang M, Ji H, Yang H, Jiang S, Yang X. LOC100996425 acts as a promoter in prostate cancer by mediating hepatocyte nuclear factor 4A and the AMPK/mTOR pathway. J Cell Mol Med 2021; 25:8174-8186. [PMID: 34309216 PMCID: PMC8419185 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.16657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Revised: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 05/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The involvement of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), differentially expressed genes and signals in prostate cancer (PCa) continues to be a subject of investigation. This study determined effects of LOC100996425 on human PCa by targeting hepatocyte nuclear factor 4A (HNF4A) via the AMPK/mTOR pathway. PCa and adjacent normal tissues were obtained to characterize expression pattern of LOC100996425, HNF4A and the AMPK/mTOR pathway-related genes. Then, the target gene of LOC100996425 was determined with lncRNA target prediction website and further verification was obtained through luciferase assay and ribonucleoprotein immunoprecipitation. After that, PCa cells were introduced with LOC100996425, HNF4A, siLOC100996425 or siHNF4A to explore the specific significance of LOC100996425 and HNF4A in PCa. The mechanism associated with AMPK/mTOR pathway was investigated using AMPK inhibitor or activator. LOC100996425 was up-regulated, while HNF4A was down-regulated in the PCa tissues. HNF4A was a target gene of LOC100996425. PCa cells transfected with either siLOC100996425 or HNF4A displayed reduced rates of PCa cell proliferation and migration while elevating cell apoptosis. HNF4A overexpression reversed the promotive effect of LOC100996425 overexpression on PCa. The activation of AMPK pathway involved in the cancer progression mediated by LOC100996425. Down-regulation of LOC100996425 retards progression of PCa through HNF4A-mediated AMPK/mTOR pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuyan Wang
- Department of Urology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Bin Song
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Mingcui Zang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery I, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - He Ji
- Department of Gynaecology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - He Yang
- Department of Urology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Shuang Jiang
- Department of Urology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xiao Yang
- Department of Urology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
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5
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Ahadi A. Functional roles of lncRNAs in the pathogenesis and progression of cancer. Genes Dis 2021; 8:424-437. [PMID: 34179307 PMCID: PMC8209321 DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2020.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Revised: 04/02/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) act as regulators of gene expression and pivotal transcriptional regulators in cancer cells via diverse mechanisms. lncRNAs involves a variety of pathological and biological activities, such as apoptosis, cell proliferation, metastasis, and invasion. By using microarray and RNA sequencing, it was identified that dysregulation of lncRNAs affects the tumorigenesis process. Taken together, these lncRNAs are putative biomarker and therapeutic target in human malignancies. In this review, I discuss the latest finding regarding the dysregulation of some important lncRNAs and their diverse mechanisms of these lncRNAs in the pathogenesis and progression of certain cancers; also, I summarize the possible roles of lncRNAs in clinical application for diagnosis and prognosis of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Ahadi
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 198396-3113, Iran
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6
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Tezerjani MD, Kalantar SM. Unraveling the dark matter, long non-coding RNAs, in male reproductive diseases: A narrative review. Int J Reprod Biomed 2020; 18:921-934. [PMID: 33349800 PMCID: PMC7749978 DOI: 10.18502/ijrm.v13i11.7959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2019] [Revised: 05/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent advances in human transcriptome have revealed the fundamental and functional roles of long non-coding RNA in the susceptibility to diverse diseases and pathological conditions. They participate in wide range of biological processes such as the modulating of chromatin structure, transcription, translation, and post-translation modification. In addition, based on their unique expression profiles and their association with clinical abnormalities such as those of related to male reproductive diseases, they can be used to develop therapeutic methods and biomarkers for screening of the diseases. In this study, we will review the identified lncRNAs and their molecular functions in the pathogenesis of male reproductive diseases such as prostate cancer, benign prostatic hyperplasia, prostatitis, testicular cancer, varicocele, and sperm abnormalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masoud Dehghan Tezerjani
- Abortion Research Centre, Yazd Reproductive Sciences Institute, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Science, Yazd, Iran
| | - Seyed Mehdi Kalantar
- Abortion Research Centre, Yazd Reproductive Sciences Institute, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Science, Yazd, Iran.,Department of Genetics, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
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7
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Jiang G, Su Z, Liang X, Huang Y, Lan Z, Jiang X. Long non-coding RNAs in prostate tumorigenesis and therapy (Review). Mol Clin Oncol 2020; 13:76. [PMID: 33005410 DOI: 10.3892/mco.2020.2146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2019] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the most frequently diagnosed malignancy. Although there have been many advances in PCa diagnosis and therapy, the concrete mechanism remains unknown. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are novel biomarkers associated with PCa, and their dysregulated expression is closely associated with risk stratification, diagnosis and carcinogenesis. Accumulating evidence has suggested that lncRNAs play important roles in prostate tumorigenesis through relevant pathways, such as androgen receptor interaction and PI3K/Akt. The present review systematically summarized the potential clinical utility of lncRNAs and provided a novel guide for their function in PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ganggang Jiang
- Department of Urology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510700, P.R. China.,Department of Center Laboratory, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510700, P.R. China
| | - Zhengming Su
- Department of Urology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510700, P.R. China.,Department of Center Laboratory, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510700, P.R. China
| | - Xue Liang
- Department of Center Laboratory, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510700, P.R. China
| | - Yiqiao Huang
- Department of Urology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510700, P.R. China
| | - Ziquan Lan
- Department of Urology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510700, P.R. China
| | - Xianhan Jiang
- Department of Urology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510700, P.R. China.,Department of Center Laboratory, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510700, P.R. China
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8
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Ghafouri-Fard S, Esmaeili M, Shoorei H, Taheri M. A comprehensive review of the role of long non-coding RNAs in organs with an endocrine function. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 125:110027. [PMID: 32106365 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2020] [Revised: 02/09/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are transcripts with sizes larger than 200 nucleotides and no/ small open reading frame that cannot produce functional proteins. The number of these transcripts surpasses the number of coding genes. LncRNAs regulate many aspects of cell functions such as proliferation, cell cycle transition and differentiation; so their dysregulation has pervasive effects on cell phenotype. Increasing numbers of these transcripts have been shown to participate in the pathogenesis of cancer. In the current review, we summarize recent findings regarding the role of lncRNAs in tumors originated from organs which have an endocrine function. We mostly focused on adrenal, pancreas and pituitary gland as prototypes of these organs. Moreover, we presented the obtained data of the role of lncRNAs in prostate, ovarian and testicular cancers. Recent data highly supports the role of lncRNAs in the pathogenesis of cancers originated from these organs. Moreover, certain genomic loci within lncRNAs have been shown to be associated with risk of these cancers. Diagnostic and prognostic role of some lncRNAs in these cancers have been evaluated recently. Taken together, lncRNAs are putative biomarkers for cancers originated from organs which have an endocrine function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soudeh Ghafouri-Fard
- Department of Medical Genetics, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammadhosein Esmaeili
- Blood Transfusion Research Center, High Institute for Research and Education in Transfusion Medicine, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamed Shoorei
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Mohammad Taheri
- Urogenital Stem Cell Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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9
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Lin X, Kapoor A, Gu Y, Chow MJ, Xu H, Major P, Tang D. Assessment of biochemical recurrence of prostate cancer (Review). Int J Oncol 2019; 55:1194-1212. [PMID: 31638194 PMCID: PMC6831208 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2019.4893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2019] [Accepted: 09/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The assessment of the risk of biochemical recurrence (BCR) is critical in the management of males with prostate cancer (PC). Over the past decades, a comprehensive effort has been focusing on improving risk stratification; a variety of models have been constructed using PC-associated pathological features and molecular alterations occurring at the genome, protein and RNA level. Alterations in RNA expression (lncRNA, miRNA and mRNA) constitute the largest proportion of the biomarkers of BCR. In this article, we systemically review RNA-based BCR biomarkers reported in PubMed according to the PRISMA guidelines. Individual miRNAs, mRNAs, lncRNAs and multi-gene panels, including the commercially available signatures, Oncotype DX and Prolaris, will be discussed; details related to cohort size, hazard ratio and 95% confidence intervals will be provided. Mechanistically, these individual biomarkers affect multiple pathways critical to tumorigenesis and progression, including epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN), Wnt, growth factor receptor, cell proliferation, immune checkpoints and others. This variety in the mechanisms involved not only validates their associations with BCR, but also highlights the need for the coverage of multiple pathways in order to effectively stratify the risk of BCR. Updates of novel biomarkers and their mechanistic insights are considered, which suggests new avenues to pursue in the prediction of BCR. Additionally, the management of patients with BCR and the potential utility of the stratification of the risk of BCR in salvage treatment decision making for these patients are briefly covered. Limitations will also be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaozeng Lin
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada
| | - Anil Kapoor
- The Research Institute of St. Joe's Hamilton, St. Joseph's Hospital, Hamilton, ON L8N 4A6, Canada
| | - Yan Gu
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada
| | - Mathilda Jing Chow
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada
| | - Hui Xu
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Pierre Major
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Oncology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8V 5C2, Canada
| | - Damu Tang
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada
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10
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Wang D, Wan X, Zhang Y, Kong Z, Lu Y, Sun X, Huang Y, Ji C, Li D, Luo J, Gu W, Wang C, Li Y, Xu Y. A novel androgen-reduced prostate-specific lncRNA, PSLNR, inhibits prostate-cancer progression in part by regulating the p53-dependent pathway. Prostate 2019; 79:1362-1377. [PMID: 31269242 DOI: 10.1002/pros.23840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2018] [Revised: 04/30/2019] [Accepted: 05/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the most common cancers in males in China. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) reportedly play crucial roles in human cancer progression in many studies. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying PCa progression remain unclear. MATERIALS AND METHODS We investigated the lncRNA transcriptome using publicly available RNA-sequencing data to identify prostate-specific lncRNAs. Then, the chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assay identified lncRNA with a direct binding to androgen receptor (AR), hereafter denoted as PSLNR. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis and Western blot analysis were performed to detect the expression of p53 signaling-related genes after overexpression PSLNR. The effects of overexpression of PSLNR on cell proliferation, cell cycle, and cell apoptosis were assessed by using CCK-8 and flow cytometric analysis. We then detected the expression of PSLNR in tissues. RESULT We reported a novel androgen-reduced prostate-specific lncRNA, PSLNR, that inhibited PCa progression via the p53-dependent pathway. By analyzing the NOCODE data set, we reported that PSLNR was specifically expressed in the prostate, suggesting the potential of PSLNR as a biomarker for PCa treatment. The AR pathway was also confirmed to be an upstream regulation signaling pathway of PSLNR by transcriptionally regulating its expression in androgen-dependent PCa cells. PSLNR also significantly inhibited PCa proliferation by inducing cell apoptosis in a p53-dependent manner. Thus, PSLNR may be a candidate diagnosis and therapeutic target for PCa. CONCLUSIONS Our study revealed for the first time a novel androgen-reduced prostate-specific lncRNA, PSLNR, which inhibited PCa progression via the p53-dependent pathway, suggesting that PSLNR may be a candidate diagnosis and therapeutic target for PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Industrial Microorganisms, School of Life Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Xuechao Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Industrial Microorganisms, School of Life Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Yalong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Industrial Microorganisms, School of Life Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Zhe Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Industrial Microorganisms, School of Life Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Yali Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Industrial Microorganisms, School of Life Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Xian Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Industrial Microorganisms, School of Life Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Yan Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Industrial Microorganisms, School of Life Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Chaoneng Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Industrial Microorganisms, School of Life Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Dujian Li
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Four People's Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Jun Luo
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Four People's Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Wei Gu
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Four People's Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Chenji Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Industrial Microorganisms, School of Life Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Yao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Industrial Microorganisms, School of Life Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Yaoting Xu
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Four People's Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, PR China
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11
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Xu T, Lin CM, Cheng SQ, Min J, Li L, Meng XM, Huang C, Zhang L, Deng ZY, Li J. Pathological bases and clinical impact of long noncoding RNAs in prostate cancer: a new budding star. Mol Cancer 2018; 17:103. [PMID: 30037351 PMCID: PMC6056913 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-018-0852-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2018] [Accepted: 07/05/2018] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are functional RNAs longer than 200 nucleotides. Recent advances in the non-protein coding part of human genome analysis have discovered extensive transcription of large RNA transcripts that lack coding protein function, termed non-coding RNA (ncRNA). It is becoming evident that lncRNAs may be an important class of pervasive genes involved in carcinogenesis and metastasis. However, the biological and molecular mechanisms of lncRNAs in diverse diseases are not yet fully understood. Thus, it is anticipated that more efforts should be made to clarify the lncRNA world. Moreover, accumulating evidence has demonstrated that many lncRNAs are dysregulated in prostate cancer (PC) and closely related to tumorigenesis, metastasis, and prognosis or diagnosis. In this review, we will briefly outline the regulation and functional role of lncRNAs in PC. Finally, we discussed the potential of lncRNAs as prospective novel targets in PC treatment and biomarkers for PC diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Key Laboratory of Bioactivity of Natural Products, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, China.,Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Chang-Ming Lin
- Department of Urology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, China
| | - Shu-Qi Cheng
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Key Laboratory of Bioactivity of Natural Products, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, China.,Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Jie Min
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230601, China
| | - Li Li
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Key Laboratory of Bioactivity of Natural Products, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, China.,Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China.,Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Ming Meng
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Key Laboratory of Bioactivity of Natural Products, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, China.,Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Cheng Huang
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Key Laboratory of Bioactivity of Natural Products, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, China.,Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Key Laboratory of Bioactivity of Natural Products, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, China.,Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Zi-Yu Deng
- Department of Scientific, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230601, China.
| | - Jun Li
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Key Laboratory of Bioactivity of Natural Products, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, China. .,Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China.
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12
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Arriaga-Canon C, De La Rosa-Velázquez IA, González-Barrios R, Montiel-Manríquez R, Oliva-Rico D, Jiménez-Trejo F, Cortés-González C, Herrera LA. The use of long non-coding RNAs as prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets in prostate cancer. Oncotarget 2018; 9:20872-20890. [PMID: 29755696 PMCID: PMC5945524 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.25038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2017] [Accepted: 03/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer is the most common cancer in men and the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths. The most used biomarker to detect prostate cancer is Prostate Specific Antigen (PSA), whose levels are measured in serum. However, it has been recently established that molecular markers of cancer should not be based solely on genes and proteins but should also reflect other genomic traits; long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) serve this purpose. lncRNAs are transcripts of >200 bases that do not encode proteins and that have been shown to display abnormal expression profiles in different types of cancer. Experimental studies have highlighted lncRNAs as potential biomarkers for prognoses and treatments in patients with different types of cancer, including prostate cancer, where the PCA3 lncRNA is currently used as a diagnostic tool and management strategy. With the development of genomic technologies, particularly next-generation sequencing (NGS), several other lncRNAs have been linked to prostate cancer and are currently under validation for their medical use. In this review, we will discuss different strategies for the discovery of novel lncRNAs that can be evaluated as prognostic biomarkers, the clinical impact of these lncRNAs and how lncRNAs can be used as potential therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Inti Alberto De La Rosa-Velázquez
- Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Laboratorio de Genómica, CIC-Red de Apoyo a la Investigación, INCMNSZ, Colonia Belisario Domínguez Sección XVI, Delegación Tlalpan C.P.14080, CDMX, Mexico
| | - Rodrigo González-Barrios
- Unidad de Investigación Biomédica en Cáncer, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología-Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Tlalpan. C.P. 14080, CDMX, Mexico
| | - Rogelio Montiel-Manríquez
- Unidad de Investigación Biomédica en Cáncer, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología-Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Tlalpan. C.P. 14080, CDMX, Mexico
| | - Diego Oliva-Rico
- Unidad de Investigación Biomédica en Cáncer, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología-Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Tlalpan. C.P. 14080, CDMX, Mexico
| | | | - Carlo Cortés-González
- Unidad de Investigación Biomédica en Cáncer, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología-Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Tlalpan. C.P. 14080, CDMX, Mexico
| | - Luis A Herrera
- Unidad de Investigación Biomédica en Cáncer, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología-Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Tlalpan. C.P. 14080, CDMX, Mexico
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13
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Aird J, Baird AM, Lim MC, McDermott R, Finn SP, Gray SG. Carcinogenesis in prostate cancer: The role of long non-coding RNAs. Noncoding RNA Res 2018; 3:29-38. [PMID: 30159437 PMCID: PMC6084828 DOI: 10.1016/j.ncrna.2018.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2017] [Accepted: 01/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
LncRNAs appear to play a considerable role in tumourigenesis through regulating key processes in cancer cells such as proliferative signalling, replicative immortality, invasion and metastasis, evasion of growth suppressors, induction of angiogenesis and resistance to apoptosis. LncRNAs have been reported to play a role in prostate cancer, particularly in regulating the androgen receptor signalling pathway. In this review article, we summarise the role of 34 lncRNAs in prostate cancer with a particular focus on their role in the androgen receptor signalling pathway and the epithelial to mesenchymal transition pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Aird
- Department of Histopathology and Morbid Anatomy, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland
| | - Anne-Marie Baird
- Department of Histopathology and Morbid Anatomy, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland
- Thoracic Oncology Research Group, Trinity Translational Medical Institute, St. James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Cancer and Ageing Research Program, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Marvin C.J. Lim
- Department of Histopathology and Morbid Anatomy, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland
- Department of Medical Oncology, St. Vincent's University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tallaght Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Ray McDermott
- Department of Medical Oncology, St. Vincent's University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tallaght Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Stephen P. Finn
- Department of Histopathology and Morbid Anatomy, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Steven G. Gray
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- HOPE Directorate, St. James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
- Labmed Directorate, St. James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
- School of Biological Sciences, Dublin Institute of Technology, Dublin, Ireland
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14
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Liu D, Yu X, Wang S, Dai E, Jiang L, Wang J, Yang Q, Yang F, Zhou S, Jiang W. The gain and loss of long noncoding RNA associated-competing endogenous RNAs in prostate cancer. Oncotarget 2018; 7:57228-57238. [PMID: 27528026 PMCID: PMC5302985 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.11128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2016] [Accepted: 07/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PC) is one of the most common solid tumors in men. However, the molecular mechanism of PC remains unclear. Numerous studies have demonstrated that long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) can act as microRNA (miRNA) sponge, one type of competing endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs), which offers a novel viewpoint to elucidate the mechanisms of PC. Here, we proposed an integrative systems biology approach to infer the gain and loss of ceRNAs in PC. First, we re-annotated exon microarray data to obtain lncRNA expression profiles of PC. Second, by integrating mRNA and miRNA expression, as well as miRNA targets, we constructed lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA ceRNA networks in cancer and normal samples. The lncRNAs in these two ceRNA networks tended to have a longer transcript length and cover more exons than the lncRNAs not involved in ceRNA networks. Next, we further extracted the gain and loss ceRNA networks in PC. We found that the gain ceRNAs in PC participated in cell cycle, and the loss ceRNAs in PC were associated with metabolism. We also identified potential prognostic ceRNA pairs such as MALAT1-EGR2 and MEG3-AQP3. Finally, we inferred a novel mechanism of known drugs, such as cisplatin, for the treatment of PC through gain and loss ceRNA networks. The potential drugs such as 1,2,6-tri-O-galloyl-beta-D-glucopyranose (TGGP) could modulate lncRNA-mRNA competing relationships, which may uncover new strategy for treating PC. In summary, we systematically investigated the gain and loss of ceRNAs in PC, which may prove useful for identifying potential biomarkers and therapeutics for PC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dianming Liu
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Xuexin Yu
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Shuyuan Wang
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Enyu Dai
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Leiming Jiang
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Jing Wang
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Qian Yang
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Feng Yang
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Shunheng Zhou
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Wei Jiang
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
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15
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Zhuang W, Zhang C, Hao F, Sun X. Baculoviral IAP Repeat Containing 6 (BIRC6) Is a Predictor of Prognosis in Prostate Cancer. Med Sci Monit 2018; 24:839-845. [PMID: 29429983 PMCID: PMC5816567 DOI: 10.12659/msm.904052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Wenzhen Zhuang
- Medical Record Management Section, Weifang People's Hospital, Weifang, Shandong, China (mainland)
| | - Cuixia Zhang
- Medical Record Management Section, Weifang People's Hospital, Weifang, Shandong, China (mainland)
| | - Furong Hao
- Department of Radiotherapy, Weifang People's Hospital, Weifang, Shandong, China (mainland)
| | - Xicai Sun
- Department of Health Management, Weifang People's Hospital, Weifang, Shandong, China (mainland)
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16
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Cimadamore A, Gasparrini S, Mazzucchelli R, Doria A, Cheng L, Lopez-Beltran A, Santoni M, Scarpelli M, Montironi R. Long Non-coding RNAs in Prostate Cancer with Emphasis on Second Chromosome Locus Associated with Prostate-1 Expression. Front Oncol 2017; 7:305. [PMID: 29312884 PMCID: PMC5732923 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2017.00305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2017] [Accepted: 11/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are a class of RNA with transcripts longer than 200 nucleotides that lack functional open reading frames. They play various roles in human carcinoma, such as dysregulating gene expression in prostate cancer (PCa), which results in cancer initiation, development, and progression. The non-coding RNA SChLAP1 (second chromosome locus associated with prostate-1) is highly expressed in approximately 25% of PCas with higher prevalence in metastatic compared to localized PCa. Its expression is detectable non-invasively in PCa patient urine samples. Experimental data suggest that targeting SChLAP1 may represent a novel therapeutic application in PCa. This contribution focuses on the role of lncRNAs SChLAP1 expression in PCa diagnosis and prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessia Cimadamore
- Section of Pathological Anatomy, School of Medicine, Polytechnic University of the Marche Region, United Hospitals, Ancona, Italy
| | - Silvia Gasparrini
- Section of Pathological Anatomy, School of Medicine, Polytechnic University of the Marche Region, United Hospitals, Ancona, Italy
| | - Roberta Mazzucchelli
- Section of Pathological Anatomy, School of Medicine, Polytechnic University of the Marche Region, United Hospitals, Ancona, Italy
| | - Andrea Doria
- Section of Pathological Anatomy, School of Medicine, Polytechnic University of the Marche Region, United Hospitals, Ancona, Italy
| | - Liang Cheng
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Antonio Lopez-Beltran
- Department of Pathology and Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
| | | | - Marina Scarpelli
- Section of Pathological Anatomy, School of Medicine, Polytechnic University of the Marche Region, United Hospitals, Ancona, Italy
| | - Rodolfo Montironi
- Section of Pathological Anatomy, School of Medicine, Polytechnic University of the Marche Region, United Hospitals, Ancona, Italy
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17
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Wu XL, Zhang JW, Li BS, Peng SS, Yuan YQ. The prognostic value of abnormally expressed lncRNAs in prostatic carcinoma: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2017; 96:e9279. [PMID: 29390487 PMCID: PMC5758189 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000009279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are abnormally expressed in prostate cancer (PCa), suggesting that they could serve as novel prognostic markers. The current meta-analysis was undertaken to better define the prognostic value of various lncRNAs in PCa. METHODS The PubMed, Embase, Medline, and Cochrane Library databases were systematically searched up to February 19, 2017, to retrieve eligible articles. Outcomes analyzed were biochemical recurrence-free survival (BRFS), overall survival (OS), metastasis-free survival (MFS), and prostate cancer-specific survival (PCSS). Pooled hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CIs) were calculated using fixed-effects or random-effects models. RESULTS A total of 10 studies, evaluating 11 PCa-related lncRNAs, were included in the meta-analysis. Pooled results indicate that the abnormal expression of candidate lncRNAs in PCa samples predicted poor BRFS (HR: 1.67, 95%CI: 1.37-2.04, P < .05), without significant heterogeneity among studies (I = 44%, P = .06). Low PCAT14 expression was negatively associated with OS (HR: 0.66, 95%CI: 0.54-0.79, P < .05), MFS (HR: 0.59, 95%CI: 0.48-0.72, P < .05), and PCSS (HR: 0.50, 95%CI: 0.38-0.66, P < .05). Again, there was no significant heterogeneity among studies. The robustness of our results was confirmed by sensitivity and publication bias analyses. CONCLUSION We conclude that expression analysis of selected lncRNAs may be of prognostic value in PCa patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian-Lan Wu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Yongchuan Hospital, Chongqing Medical University
| | - Ji-Wang Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Yongchuan Hospital, Chongqing Medical University
| | - Bai-Song Li
- Chongqing Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chongqing, China
| | - Shu-Sheng Peng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Yongchuan Hospital, Chongqing Medical University
| | - Yong-Qiang Yuan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Yongchuan Hospital, Chongqing Medical University
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18
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Ye B, Hu B, Zheng Z, Zheng R, Shi Y. The long non-coding RNA AK023948 enhances tumor progression in hepatocellular carcinoma. Exp Ther Med 2017; 14:3658-3664. [PMID: 29042961 PMCID: PMC5639403 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2017.5019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2016] [Accepted: 05/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been demonstrated to play pivotal roles in a broad range of processes including tumor biology. However, the exact contributions of lncRNAs to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remain poorly defined. In current study, we have unraveled a novel function of AK023948 in HCC. We found that AK023948 was substantially upregulated in tumor tissues. Meanwhile, higher AK023948 expression correlated with poor survival. Upregulation of AK023948 expression can promote HepG2 and Hep3B proliferation and invasion in in vitro experiments. Furthermore, AK023948 also decreased tumor growth in vivo. The tumorigenic role of AK023948 was partially ascribed to PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling and AK023948 knockdown decreased pathway activation and tumor growth. These data collectively suggest an oncogenic role for AK023948 and may provide potential insight into therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bailiang Ye
- Department of Laparoscopic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, P.R. China
| | - Bingren Hu
- Department of Laparoscopic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, P.R. China
| | - Zhihai Zheng
- Department of Laparoscopic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, P.R. China
| | - Ru Zheng
- Department of Laparoscopic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, P.R. China
| | - Yixiong Shi
- Department of Laparoscopic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, P.R. China
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Ma W, Chen X, Ding L, Ma J, Jing W, Lan T, Sattar H, Wei Y, Zhou F, Yuan Y. The prognostic value of long noncoding RNAs in prostate cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Oncotarget 2017; 8:57755-57765. [PMID: 28915709 PMCID: PMC5593681 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.17645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2017] [Accepted: 04/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The abnormally expressed LncRNAs played irreplaceable roles in the prognosis of prostate cancer (PCa). Therefore, we conducted this systematic review and meta-analysis to summarize the association between the expression of LncRNAs, prognosis and clinicopathology of PCa. 18 eligible studies were recruited into our analysis, including 18 on prognosis and 9 on clinicopathological features. Results indicated that aberrant expression of LncRNAs was significantly associated with biochemical recurrence-free survival (BCR-FS) (HR = 1.55, 95%CI: 1.01-2.37, P < 0.05), recurrence free survival (RSF) (HR = 3.07, 95%CI: 1.07-8.86, P < 0.05) and progression free survival (PFS) (HR = 2.34, 95%CI: 1.94-2.83, P < 0.001) in PCa patients. LncRNAs expression level was correlated with several vital clinical features, like tumor size (HR = 0.52, 95%CI: 0.28-0.95, P = 0.03), distance metastasis (HR = 4.55, 95%CI: 2.26-9.15, P < 0.0001) and histological grade (HR = 6.23, 95% CI: 3.29-11.82, P < 0.00001). Besides, down-regulation of PCAT14 was associated with the prognosis of PCa [over survival (HR = 0.77, 95%CI: 0.63-0.95, P = 0.01), BCR-FS (HR = 0.61, 95%CI: 0.48-0.79, P = 0.0001), prostate cancer-specific survival (HR = 0.64, 95%CI: 0.48-0.85, P = 0.002) and metastasis-free survival (HR = 0.61, 95%CI: 0.50-0.74, P < 0.00001)]. And, the increased SChLAP1 expression could imply the worse BCR-FS (HR = 2.54, 95%CI: 1.82-3.56, P < 0.00001) and correlate with Gleason score (< 7 vs ≥ 7) (OR = 4.11, 95% CI: 1.94-8.70, P = 0.0002). Conclusively, our present work demonstrated that LncRNAs transcription level might be potential prognostic markers in PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weijie Ma
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xi Chen
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Lu Ding
- Department of Clinical Hematology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jianhong Ma
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Wei Jing
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine and Center for Gene Diagnosis, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Tian Lan
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Haseeb Sattar
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Wuhan Union Hospital, Affiliated Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science And Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yongchang Wei
- Department of Radiation and Medical Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Fuling Zhou
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yufeng Yuan
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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20
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Wu J, Cheng G, Zhang C, Zheng Y, Xu H, Yang H, Hua L. Long noncoding RNA LINC01296 is associated with poor prognosis in prostate cancer and promotes cancer-cell proliferation and metastasis. Onco Targets Ther 2017; 10:1843-1852. [PMID: 28392705 PMCID: PMC5376120 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s129928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background/purpose Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have emerged as important regulators and biomarkers of tumor development and progression. This study investigated the clinical significance, biological functions, and underlying mechanisms of long intergenic non-protein-coding RNA 1296 (LINC01296) in prostate cancer. Materials and methods LINC01296 expression in prostate cancer tissues and cell lines was detected by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). The correlation between LINC01296 expression and clinicopathologic characteristics of prostate cancer was analyzed using Kaplan–Meier analysis and the Cox proportional-hazard model. Small interfering RNA was used to suppress LINC01296, and knockdown efficiency was examined by qRT-PCR. Cell Counting Kit 8 assay, colony-formation assay, migration and invasion assays, and Western blot assay were used to explore the role of LINC01296 in tumor progression further. Results LINC01296-expression level was higher in prostate cancer tissues and prostate cancer cells than in adjacent nontumor tissues and immortalized normal prostate stromal WPMY1 cells. LINC01296 expression was correlated with preoperative prostate specific antigen (P=0.002), lymph-node metastasis (P=0.035), Gleason score (P<0.001), and tumor stage (P=0.036). Patients with higher LINC01296 expression displayed advanced clinical features and shorter biochemical recurrence-free survival time than those with lower LINC01296 expression. Multivariate analysis showed that LINC01296 expression was an independent predictor of biochemical recurrence-free survival in prostate cancer. Additionally, LINC01296 knockdown inhibited prostate cancer-cell proliferation, migration, and invasion, demonstrated in an in vitro study involving regulation of PI3K–Akt–mTOR signaling and epithelial–mesenchymal transition. Conclusion The results demonstrated that LINC01296 is a novel molecule involved in prostate cancer development and progression, and thus is a potential biomarker of prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Wu
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Gong Cheng
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Cheng Zhang
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuxiao Zheng
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Haoxiang Xu
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Haiwei Yang
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lixin Hua
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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Long Non-Coding RNA as Potential Biomarker for Prostate Cancer: Is It Making a Difference? INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2017; 14:ijerph14030270. [PMID: 28272371 PMCID: PMC5369106 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph14030270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2017] [Accepted: 02/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Whole genome transcriptomic analyses have identified numerous long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) transcripts that are increasingly implicated in cancer biology. LncRNAs are found to promote essential cancer cell functions such as proliferation, invasion, and metastasis, with the potential to serve as novel biomarkers of various cancers and to further reveal uncharacterized aspects of tumor biology. However, the biological and molecular mechanisms as well as the clinical applications of lncRNAs in diverse diseases are not completely understood, and remain to be fully explored. LncRNAs may be critical players and regulators in prostate cancer carcinogenesis and progression, and could serve as potential biomarkers for prostate cancer. This review focuses on lncRNA biomarkers that are already available for clinical use and provides an overview of lncRNA biomarkers that are under investigation for clinical development in prostate cancer.
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