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Ferrari V, Tedesco B, Cozzi M, Chierichetti M, Casarotto E, Pramaggiore P, Cornaggia L, Mohamed A, Patelli G, Piccolella M, Cristofani R, Crippa V, Galbiati M, Poletti A, Rusmini P. Lysosome quality control in health and neurodegenerative diseases. Cell Mol Biol Lett 2024; 29:116. [PMID: 39237893 PMCID: PMC11378602 DOI: 10.1186/s11658-024-00633-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 08/13/2024] [Indexed: 09/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Lysosomes are acidic organelles involved in crucial intracellular functions, including the degradation of organelles and protein, membrane repair, phagocytosis, endocytosis, and nutrient sensing. Given these key roles of lysosomes, maintaining their homeostasis is essential for cell viability. Thus, to preserve lysosome integrity and functionality, cells have developed a complex intracellular system, called lysosome quality control (LQC). Several stressors may affect the integrity of lysosomes, causing Lysosomal membrane permeabilization (LMP), in which membrane rupture results in the leakage of luminal hydrolase enzymes into the cytosol. After sensing the damage, LQC either activates lysosome repair, or induces the degradation of the ruptured lysosomes through autophagy. In addition, LQC stimulates the de novo biogenesis of functional lysosomes and lysosome exocytosis. Alterations in LQC give rise to deleterious consequences for cellular homeostasis. Specifically, the persistence of impaired lysosomes or the malfunctioning of lysosomal processes leads to cellular toxicity and death, thereby contributing to the pathogenesis of different disorders, including neurodegenerative diseases (NDs). Recently, several pieces of evidence have underlined the importance of the role of lysosomes in NDs. In this review, we describe the elements of the LQC system, how they cooperate to maintain lysosome homeostasis, and their implication in the pathogenesis of different NDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronica Ferrari
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari "Rodolfo Paoletti", Università degli Studi di Milano, Dipartimento Di Eccellenza, 2018-2027, Milan, Italy
| | - Barbara Tedesco
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari "Rodolfo Paoletti", Università degli Studi di Milano, Dipartimento Di Eccellenza, 2018-2027, Milan, Italy
| | - Marta Cozzi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari "Rodolfo Paoletti", Università degli Studi di Milano, Dipartimento Di Eccellenza, 2018-2027, Milan, Italy
| | - Marta Chierichetti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari "Rodolfo Paoletti", Università degli Studi di Milano, Dipartimento Di Eccellenza, 2018-2027, Milan, Italy
| | - Elena Casarotto
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari "Rodolfo Paoletti", Università degli Studi di Milano, Dipartimento Di Eccellenza, 2018-2027, Milan, Italy
| | - Paola Pramaggiore
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari "Rodolfo Paoletti", Università degli Studi di Milano, Dipartimento Di Eccellenza, 2018-2027, Milan, Italy
| | - Laura Cornaggia
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari "Rodolfo Paoletti", Università degli Studi di Milano, Dipartimento Di Eccellenza, 2018-2027, Milan, Italy
| | - Ali Mohamed
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari "Rodolfo Paoletti", Università degli Studi di Milano, Dipartimento Di Eccellenza, 2018-2027, Milan, Italy
| | - Guglielmo Patelli
- Unit of Medical Genetics and Neurogenetics, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Margherita Piccolella
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari "Rodolfo Paoletti", Università degli Studi di Milano, Dipartimento Di Eccellenza, 2018-2027, Milan, Italy
| | - Riccardo Cristofani
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari "Rodolfo Paoletti", Università degli Studi di Milano, Dipartimento Di Eccellenza, 2018-2027, Milan, Italy
| | - Valeria Crippa
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari "Rodolfo Paoletti", Università degli Studi di Milano, Dipartimento Di Eccellenza, 2018-2027, Milan, Italy
| | - Mariarita Galbiati
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari "Rodolfo Paoletti", Università degli Studi di Milano, Dipartimento Di Eccellenza, 2018-2027, Milan, Italy
| | - Angelo Poletti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari "Rodolfo Paoletti", Università degli Studi di Milano, Dipartimento Di Eccellenza, 2018-2027, Milan, Italy.
| | - Paola Rusmini
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari "Rodolfo Paoletti", Università degli Studi di Milano, Dipartimento Di Eccellenza, 2018-2027, Milan, Italy
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Kumar P, Kinger S, Dubey AR, Jagtap YA, Choudhary A, Prasad A, Jha HC, Dhiman R, Gutti RK, Mishra A. Trehalose Promotes Clearance of Proteotoxic Aggregation of Neurodegenerative Disease-Associated Aberrant Proteins. Mol Neurobiol 2024; 61:4055-4073. [PMID: 38057642 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-023-03824-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
Accumulation of misfolded proteins compromises overall cellular health and fitness. The failure to remove misfolded proteins is a critical reason for their unwanted aggregation in dense cellular protein pools. The accumulation of various inclusions serves as a clinical feature for neurodegenerative diseases. Previous findings suggest that different cellular compartments can store these abnormal inclusions. Studies of transgenic mice and cellular models of neurodegenerative diseases indicate that depleted chaperone capacity contributes to the aggregation of damaged or aberrant proteins, which consequently disturb proteostasis and cell viability. However, improving these abnormal proteins' selective elimination is yet to be well understood. Still, molecular strategies that can promote the effective degradation of abnormal proteins without compromising cellular viability are unclear. Here, we reported that the trehalose treatment elevates endogenous proteasome levels and enhances the activities of the proteasome. Trehalose-mediated proteasomal activation elevates the removal of both bona fide misfolded and various neurodegenerative disease-associated proteins. Our current study suggests that trehalose may retain a proteasome activation potential, which seems helpful in the solubilization of different mutant misfolded proteins, improving cell viability. These results reveal a possible molecular approach to reduce the overload of intracellular misfolded proteins, and such cytoprotective functions may play a critical role against protein conformational diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prashant Kumar
- Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology Unit, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, Rajasthan, 342037, India
| | - Sumit Kinger
- Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology Unit, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, Rajasthan, 342037, India
| | - Ankur Rakesh Dubey
- Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology Unit, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, Rajasthan, 342037, India
| | - Yuvraj Anandrao Jagtap
- Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology Unit, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, Rajasthan, 342037, India
| | - Akash Choudhary
- Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology Unit, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, Rajasthan, 342037, India
| | - Amit Prasad
- School of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Mandi, Mandi, India
| | - Hem Chandra Jha
- Infection Bioengineering Group, Department of Biosciences and Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Indore, Simrol, India
| | - Rohan Dhiman
- Laboratory of Mycobacterial Immunology, Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, Odisha, 769008, India
| | - Ravi Kumar Gutti
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, India
| | - Amit Mishra
- Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology Unit, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, Rajasthan, 342037, India.
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Tandon S, Aggarwal P, Sarkar S. Polyglutamine disorders: Pathogenesis and potential drug interventions. Life Sci 2024; 344:122562. [PMID: 38492921 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.122562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024]
Abstract
Polyglutamine/poly(Q) diseases are a group nine hereditary neurodegenerative disorders caused due to abnormally expanded stretches of CAG trinucleotide in functionally distinct genes. All human poly(Q) diseases are characterized by the formation of microscopically discernable poly(Q) positive aggregates, the inclusion bodies. These toxic inclusion bodies are responsible for the impairment of several cellular pathways such as autophagy, transcription, cell death, etc., that culminate in disease manifestation. Although, these diseases remain largely without treatment, extensive research has generated mounting evidences that various events of poly(Q) pathogenesis can be developed as potential drug targets. The present review article briefly discusses the key events of disease pathogenesis, model system-based investigations that support the development of effective therapeutic interventions against pathogenesis of human poly(Q) disorders, and a comprehensive list of pharmacological and bioactive compounds that have been experimentally shown to alleviate poly(Q)-mediated neurotoxicity. Interestingly, due to the common cause of pathogenesis, all poly(Q) diseases share etiology, thus, findings from one disease can be potentially extrapolated to other poly(Q) diseases as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shweta Tandon
- Department of Genetics, University of Delhi South Campus, Benito Juarez Road, New Delhi 110021, India
| | - Prerna Aggarwal
- Department of Genetics, University of Delhi South Campus, Benito Juarez Road, New Delhi 110021, India
| | - Surajit Sarkar
- Department of Genetics, University of Delhi South Campus, Benito Juarez Road, New Delhi 110021, India.
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Pennuto M, Pradat PF, Sorarù G, Greensmith L. 271st ENMC international workshop: Towards a unifying effort to fight Kennedy's disease. 20-22 October 2023, Hoofddorp, Netherlands. Neuromuscul Disord 2024; 38:8-19. [PMID: 38552412 DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2024.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2024] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
The workshop held in the Netherlands from October 20-22, 2023, united 27 scientists from academia, healthcare, and industry representing 11 countries, alongside four patient and charity representatives. Focused on Kennedy's Disease (KD), also known as spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy (SBMA), the workshop aimed to consolidate knowledge, align on clinical trial designs, and promote participative medicine for effective treatments. Discussions emphasized KD's molecular mechanisms, highlighting its status as a neuromuscular disorder with motor neuron degeneration. Strategies for therapeutic intervention, including AR activity modulation and targeting post-translational modifications, were proposed. The need for diagnostic, prognostic, and target engagement biomarkers was stressed. Challenges in patient stratification and clinical trial recruitment were acknowledged, with the International KD/SBMA Registry praised for its role. The workshop concluded with a patient-focused session, underscoring challenges in KD diagnosis and the vital support provided by patient associations.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Pennuto
- Department of Biomedical Sciences (DBS), University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy; Veneto Institute of Molecular Medicine (VIMM), Padova 35100, Italy.
| | - P F Pradat
- Département de Neurologie, AP-HP, Groupe hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, F-75013 Paris, France; Sorbonne Université, UPMC University Paris 06, CNRS, INSERM, Laboratoire d'Imagerie Biomédicale (LIB), 75013 Paris, France
| | - G Sorarù
- Department of Neurosciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - L Greensmith
- Department of Neuromuscular Diseases, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK.
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Zhang S, Yin H, Zhang Y, Zhu Y, Zhu X, Zhu W, Tang L, Liu Y, Wu K, Zhao B, Tian Y, Lu H. Autophagic-lysosomal damage induced by swainsonine is protected by trehalose through activation of TFEB-regulated pathway in renal tubular epithelial cells. Chem Biol Interact 2024; 394:110990. [PMID: 38579922 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2024.110990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024]
Abstract
Swainsonine (SW) is the main toxic component of locoweed. Previous studies have shown that kidney damage is an early pathologic change in locoweed poisoning in animals. Trehalose induces autophagy and alleviates lysosomal damage, while its protective effect and mechanism against the toxic injury induced by SW is not clear. Based on the published literature, we hypothesize that transcription factor EB(TFEB) -regulated is targeted by SW and activating TFEB by trehalose would reverse the toxic effects. In this study, we investigate the mechanism of protective effects of trehalose using renal tubular epithelial cells. The results showed that SW induced an increase in the expression level of microtubule-associated protein light chain 3-II and p62 proteins and a decrease in the expression level of ATPase H+ transporting V1 Subunit A, Cathepsin B, Cathepsin D, lysosome-associated membrane protein 2 and TFEB proteins in renal tubular epithelial cells in a time and dose-dependent manner suggesting TFEB-regulated lysosomal pathway is adversely affected by SW. Conversely, treatment with trehalose, a known activator of TFEB promote TFEB nuclear translocation suggesting that TFEB plays an important role in protection against SW toxicity. We demonstrated in lysosome staining that SW reduced the number of lysosomes and increased the luminal pH, while trehalose could counteract these SW-induced effects. In summary, our results demonstrated for the first time that trehalose could alleviate the autophagy degradation disorder and lysosomal damage induced by SW. Our results provide an interesting method for reversion of SW-induced toxicity in farm animals and furthermore, activation of TFEB by trehalose suggesting novel mechanism of treating lysosomal storage diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuhang Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Hai Yin
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yiqingqing Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yanli Zhu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xueyao Zhu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Wenting Zhu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Lihui Tang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yiling Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Kexin Wu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Baoyu Zhao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yanan Tian
- Department of Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - Hao Lu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China.
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