1
|
Yang L, Yergeshov AA, Al-Thaher Y, Avdokushina S, Statsenko E, Abdullin TI, Prokopovich P. Nanocomposite orthopaedic bone cement combining long-acting dual antimicrobial drugs. BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES 2023; 153:213538. [PMID: 37390562 PMCID: PMC10824671 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2023.213538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/02/2023]
Abstract
Antibiotic loaded bone cements are widely used in total joint replacement (TJR); despite many limitations such as a burst release which leads to antibiotic concentration below inhibitory levels and possibly contributing to the selection of antibiotic resistant strains. In order to address such limitations and to simultaneously address antibiotic resistance and short-term antimicrobial activity, we developed a nanocomposite bone cement capable of providing a controlled release of antimicrobial agents from bone cement to act as prophylaxis or treatment against prosthetic joint infections (PJIs). Gentamicin and chlorhexidine were loaded in combination on silica nanoparticles surface using layer-by-layer coating technique (LbL) combining hydrolysable and non-hydrolysable polymers. The drug release from the nanocomposite continued for >50 days at concentrations higher than the commercial formulation containing the same amount of antimicrobial drugs, where burst release for few days were observed. Moreover, the nanocomposite bone cement showed superior antimicrobial inhibition without adversely affecting the mechanical properties or the ability of osteoblasts to grow. In vivo experiments with an infected bone lesion model along with mass-spectrometric analysis also provided further evidence of efficacy and safety of the implanted nanocomposite material as well as its prolonged drug eluting profile. The developed nanocomposite bone cement has the potential to reduce PJIs and enable treatment of resistant established infections; moreover, the newly developed LbL based nano-delivery system may also have wider applications in reducing the threat posed by antimicrobial resistance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lirong Yang
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Abdulla A Yergeshov
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University, 18 Kremlyovskaya St., 420008 Kazan, Russia
| | - Yazan Al-Thaher
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Svetlana Avdokushina
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University, 18 Kremlyovskaya St., 420008 Kazan, Russia
| | - Evgeny Statsenko
- Institute of Geology and Petroleum Technologies, 4/5 Kremlyovskaya St., 420111 Kazan, Russia
| | - Timur I Abdullin
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University, 18 Kremlyovskaya St., 420008 Kazan, Russia
| | - Polina Prokopovich
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Melicherčík P, Kotaška K, Jahoda D, Landor I, Čeřovský V. Antimicrobial peptide in polymethylmethacrylate bone cement as a prophylaxis of infectious complications in orthopedics-an experiment in a murine model. Folia Microbiol (Praha) 2022; 67:785-791. [PMID: 35612699 DOI: 10.1007/s12223-022-00979-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) bone cement mixed with antibiotics is used in orthopedic surgery to cope with implant-related infections which are typically associated with the formation of bacterial biofilms. Taking into account the growing bacterial resistance to current antibiotics, we examined here the efficacy of a selected antimicrobial peptide (AMP) mixed into the bone cement to inhibit bacterial adhesion and the consequent biofilm formation on its surface. In particular, we followed the formation of bacterial biofilms of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) on implants made from PMMA bone cement loaded with AMP composed of 12 amino acid residues. This was evaluated by CFU counting of bacteria released by sonication from the biofilms formed on their surfaces after these implants were retrieved from the infected murine femoral canals. The AMP loaded in these model implants prevented adhesion of MRSA and the subsequent formation of MRSA biofilm on the surfaces of more than 80% of these implants, whereas biofilms did form on control implants made from the plain cement. The results of our experiments performed in the murine femoral canal indicate the potential for this murine osteomyelitis model to mimic actual operations in orthopedics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pavel Melicherčík
- Department of Orthopaedics, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague and Motol University Hospital, V Úvalu 84, Prague 5, 150 06, Czech Republic
| | - Karel Kotaška
- Department of Medical Chemistry and Clinical Biochemistry, Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague and Motol University Hospital, V Úvalu 84, Prague 5, 150 06, Czech Republic
| | - David Jahoda
- Department of Orthopaedics, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague and Motol University Hospital, V Úvalu 84, Prague 5, 150 06, Czech Republic
| | - Ivan Landor
- Department of Orthopaedics, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague and Motol University Hospital, V Úvalu 84, Prague 5, 150 06, Czech Republic
| | - Václav Čeřovský
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo nám. 2, Prague 6, 166 10, Czech Republic.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Xiao C, Han J, Bai J, Xia Y, Wang S. Trojan-Like Peptide Drug Conjugate Design and Construction for Application in Treatment of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer. J Biomed Nanotechnol 2021; 17:1554-1563. [PMID: 34544533 DOI: 10.1166/jbn.2021.3104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Clinical treatment of triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is very poor for lack of effective treatment combination selection. Protein C receptor (PROCR) is a novel cancer stem marker in TNBC patients tumor tissues. Developed based on peptide BP10 with affinity to PROCR as a targeting element, constructing a peptide drug conjugate of BP10 covalently coupling doxorubicin with disulfide bonds. This study demonstrated that the constructed BP10-DOX can selectively target Triplenegative breast cancer cells expressing PROCR and controlled release of DOX in response to the GSH environment. Moreover, BP10-DOX improves the therapeutic efficiency on MDA-MB-231 cells in vitro. Further evidence obtained from in vivo xenograft experiments revealed that administration of BP10-DOX enhanced the antitumor efficacy. This study developed a promising chemotherapy strategy for TNBC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chuanguang Xiao
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Zibo Central Hospital, Zibo, Shandong, 255036, P. R. China
| | - Jieru Han
- Departments of the Golden Chamber, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150040, P. R. China
| | - Jixiang Bai
- Department of Urinary Surgery, Mudanjiang Medical University Affiliated Hongqi Hospital, Mudanjiang, Heilongjiang Province, 157000, P. R. China
| | - Yanjie Xia
- Department of Laboratory, Mudanjiang Medical University Affiliated Hongqi Hospital, Mudanjiang, Heilongjiang Province, 157000, P. R. China
| | - Shuhui Wang
- Department of Integrative Medicine & Geratology, Mudanjiang Medical University Affiliated Hongqi Hospital, Mudanjiang, Heilongjiang Province, 157000, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
The Combined Use of Gentamicin and Silver Nitrate in Bone Cement for a Synergistic and Extended Antibiotic Action against Gram-Positive and Gram-Negative Bacteria. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14123413. [PMID: 34203010 PMCID: PMC8234965 DOI: 10.3390/ma14123413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Revised: 06/13/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Using bone cement as a carrier, gentamicin was for years the default drug to locally treat orthopedic infections but has lost favor due to increasing bacterial resistance to this drug. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of combining gentamicin with silver nitrate in bone cement against S. aureus and P. aeruginosa. Antibacterial effects (CFU counts) of gentamicin and silver were initially studied followed by studies using subtherapeutic concentrations of each in combination. The release rates from cement were measured over 10 days and day 7 release samples were saved and analyzed for antibiotic activity. A strong synergistic effect of combining silver with gentamicin was found using both dissolved drugs and using day 7 bone cement release media for both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. The cement studies were extended to vancomycin and tobramycin, which are also used in bone cement, and similar synergistic effects were found for day 7 release media with P. aeruginosa but not S. aureus. These studies conclude that the combined use of low loadings of gentamicin and silver nitrate in bone cement may offer an economical and much improved synergistic method of providing anti-infective orthopedic treatments in the clinic.
Collapse
|
5
|
Mensah LM, Love BJ. A meta-analysis of bone cement mediated antibiotic release: Overkill, but a viable approach to eradicate osteomyelitis and other infections tied to open procedures. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2021; 123:111999. [PMID: 33812619 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2021.111999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Revised: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
A number of clinical studies have highlighted the success of antibiotics formulated at concentrations between 0 and 6% w/w into bone cements to address localized infections. Separately, some commercial manufacturers have produced gentamycin-infused bone cement mixtures as a countermeasure to infection. The anecdotal evidence suggests that antibiotic infused cements can help eradicate or delay the onset of infections. Quantifying the functionality of that response is more challenging. We have surveyed the literature to identify studies in which controlled drug release or mechanical behavioral assessments have been conducted on drug-infused cements. The focus here is on vancomycin (VAN) in part due to its higher potency relative to gentamycin and its more common usage for staph infections. Takeaways from the limited pool of research studies indicate that large fractions (>99%) of the infused vancomycin remain sequestered in the cement and aren't bioavailable after solidification. Antibiotic fluence ranged from 1 to 283 μg/cm2hr. The initial strength of the various antibiotic loaded samples as produced were 52-96 MPa. Simulated exposures in a fluid environment by submersion reduced the antibiotic loaded strengths between 3 and 29%. Some strength measurements were noted below the ASTM F451 standard for acrylic bone cement although drug releasing spacers likely have different requirements. The glassy behavior of the cured cement led to both vancomycin and gentamicin having low permeability and a burst response. Smaller drug molecules and more gel-like immobilization matrices with lower glass transition temperatures offer higher potential for larger and more comprehensive drug bioavailability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lydia M Mensah
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The University of Michigan, 2300 Hayward St., Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States of America
| | - Brian J Love
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The University of Michigan, 2300 Hayward St., Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States of America; Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Michigan, 2300 Hayward St., Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States of America; Macromolecular Science and Engineering Program, The University of Michigan, 2300 Hayward St., Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States of America.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Paper 2. Epigallocatechin Gallate and Tannic Acid Based Formulations of Finasteride for Dermal Administration and Chemoembolization. J Pharm Sci 2020; 110:807-814. [PMID: 33035538 DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2020.09.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2020] [Revised: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 09/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Finasteride is used to treat benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and pattern hair loss (androgenetic alopecia or APA). The local administration of formulations with increased solubility and controlled release of finasteride are proposed using gallate-containing compositions within embolic microparticles or paste. Finasteride solubility in either epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) or tannic acid (TA) solutions was assessed using HPLC. Poly(dl-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) or poly(methylmethacrylate) (PMMA) microspheres (100-400 μm) containing finasteride and EGCG or TA were effectively manufactured. Embolic particles were loaded with finasteride/EGCG/TA. Dermal uptake of TA/EGCG/finasteride topical compositions was measured in pig skin. The solubility of finasteride was dramatically increased using EGCG- or TA-based compositions. Finasteride loaded microspheres released over two months which was increased by EGCG or TA inclusion. Embolic particles soaked up finasteride and EGCG or TA and released the encapsulated drug over two weeks. Dermal uptake of finasteride from EGCG- or TA-based formulations was enhanced between 10 and 50 fold in layers as deep as 500 μm when compared to a generic control formulation. Gallate-based formulations of finasteride increase drug solubility and allow for effective release of the drug from embolic formulations. Paste or powder EGCG- or TA-based formulations of finasteride greatly increase dermal penetration of the drug.
Collapse
|
7
|
Carvalho LDD, Peres BU, Maezono H, Shen Y, Haapasalo M, Jackson J, Carvalho RM, Manso AP. Doxycycline release and antibacterial activity from PMMA/PEO electrospun fiber mats. J Appl Oral Sci 2019; 27:e20180663. [PMID: 31596368 PMCID: PMC6768291 DOI: 10.1590/1678-7757-2018-0663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2018] [Accepted: 07/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the use of polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) electrospun fiber mats containing different amounts of polyethylene oxide (PEO) as a doxycycline delivery system and to test antibacterial activity against an oral pathogen. Methodology: PMMA powders or PEO (mol wt 200 Kd) (10,20,30% w/w/) were dissolved in N, N-dimethylformamide (DMF) to obtain a final polymer concentration of 15% in DMF (w/v). 2% Doxycycline monohydrate was added to the solutions and submitted to vortex mixing. The solution was transferred to a plastic syringe and fit into a nanofiber electrospinning unit. The parameters applied were: voltage at 17.2 kV; distance of 20 cm between the needle tip and the collector plate; target speed at 2 m/min; and transverse speed at 1cm/min. Syringe pump speed was 0.15 mm/min. The drug release analysis was performed by removing aliquots of the drug-containing solution (in PBS) at specific periods. Doxycycline release was quantified using RP-HPLC. Fiber mats from all groups had their antibacterial action tested against S. mutans based on inhibition halos formed around the specimens. The experiments were performed in triplicate. Gravimetric analysis at specific periods was performed to determine any polymer loss. Morphological characterization of the electrospun fibers was completed under an optical microscope followed by SEM analysis. Results: The addition of PEO to the PMMA fibers did not affect the appearance and diameter of fibers. However, increasing the %PEO caused higher doxycycline release in the first 24 h. Fibers containing 30% PEO showed statistically significant higher release when compared with the other groups. Doxycycline released from the fibers containing 20% or 30% of PEO showed effective against S. mutans. Conclusion: The incorporation of PEO at 20% and 30% into PMMA fiber mat resulted in effective drug release systems, with detected antibacterial activity against S. mutans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luana Dutra de Carvalho
- The University of British Columbia, Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Oral Biological and Medical Sciences, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Bernardo Urbanetto Peres
- The University of British Columbia, Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Oral Health Sciences, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Hazuki Maezono
- Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry Department of Restorative Dentistry and Endodontology, Osaka, Japan
| | - Ya Shen
- The University of British Columbia, Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Oral Biological and Medical Sciences, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Markus Haapasalo
- The University of British Columbia, Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Oral Biological and Medical Sciences, Vancouver, Canada
| | - John Jackson
- The University of British Columbia, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Ricardo M Carvalho
- The University of British Columbia, Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Oral Biological and Medical Sciences, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Adriana P Manso
- The University of British Columbia, Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Oral Health Sciences, Vancouver, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Silva T, Silva JC, Colaco B, Gama A, Duarte-Araújo M, Fernandes MH, Bettencourt A, Gomes P. In vivo tissue response and antibacterial efficacy of minocycline delivery system based on polymethylmethacrylate bone cement. J Biomater Appl 2019; 33:380-391. [PMID: 30223730 DOI: 10.1177/0885328218795290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
This study aims the in vivo biological characterization of an innovative minocycline delivery system, based on polymethylmethacrylate bone cement. Bone cements containing 1% or 2.5% (w/w) minocycline were formulated and evaluated through solid-state characterization. Biological evaluation was conducted in vivo, within a rat model, following the subcutaneous and bone tissue implantation, and tissue implantation associated with Staphylococcus aureus is challenging. The assessment of the tissue/biomaterial interaction was conducted by histologic, histomorphometric and microtomographic techniques. Minocycline addition to the composition of the polymethylmethacrylate bone cement did not modify significantly the cement properties. Drug release profile was marked by an initial burst release followed by a low-dosage sustained release. Following the subcutaneous tissue implantation, a reduced immune-inflammatory reaction was verified, with diminished cell recruitment and a thinner fibro-connective capsule formation. Minocycline-releasing cements were found to enhance the bone-to-implant contact and bone tissue formation, following the tibial implantation. Lastly, an effective antibacterial activity was mediated by the implanted cement following the tissue challenging with S. aureus. Kinetic minocycline release profile, attained with the developed polymethylmethacrylate system, modulated adequately the in vivo biological response, lessening the immune-inflammatory activation and enhancing bone tissue formation. Also, an effective in vivo antibacterial activity was established. These findings highlight the adequacy and putative application of the developed system for orthopedic applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tiago Silva
- 1 Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Jose C Silva
- 1 Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Bruno Colaco
- 2 University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Adelina Gama
- 2 University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal
| | | | - Maria H Fernandes
- 1 Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,4 REQUIMTE/LAQV - University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana Bettencourt
- 5 Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Pedro Gomes
- 1 Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,4 REQUIMTE/LAQV - University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Shen SC, Letchmanan K, Chow PS, Tan RBH. Antibiotic elution and mechanical property of TiO2 nanotubes functionalized PMMA-based bone cements. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2019; 91:91-98. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2018.11.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2018] [Revised: 11/16/2018] [Accepted: 11/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
10
|
Articulating antibiotic impregnated spacers in prosthetic joint infections: Where do we stand? Int J Surg 2018; 54:345-350. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijsu.2017.07.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2017] [Revised: 05/25/2017] [Accepted: 07/08/2017] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
|
11
|
Antimicrobial Peptides for Topical Treatment of Osteomyelitis and Implant-Related Infections: Study in the Spongy Bone. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2018; 11:ph11010020. [PMID: 29462909 PMCID: PMC5874716 DOI: 10.3390/ph11010020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2017] [Revised: 02/08/2018] [Accepted: 02/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
We examined the benefits of short linear α-helical antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) invented in our laboratory for treating bone infection and preventing microbial biofilm formation on model implants due to causative microorganisms of osteomyelitis. For this purpose, we introduced a model of induced osteomyelitis that utilizes human femur heads obtained from the hospital after their replacement with artificial prostheses. We found that the focus of the infection set up in the spongy part of this bone treated with AMP-loaded calcium phosphate cement was eradicated much more effectively than was the focus treated with antibiotics such as vancomycin or gentamicin loaded into the same cement. This contradicts the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) values of AMPs and antibiotics against some bacterial strains obtained in standard in vitro assays. The formation of microbial biofilm on implants made from poly(methylmethacrylate)-based bone cement loaded with AMP was evaluated after the implants’ removal from the infected bone sample. AMPs loaded in such model implants prevented microbial adhesion and subsequent formation of bacterial biofilm on their surface. Biofilms did form, on the other hand, on control implants made from the plain cement when these were implanted into the same infected bone sample. These results of the experiments performed in human bone tissue highlight the clinical potential of antimicrobial peptides for use in treating and preventing osteomyelitis caused by resistant pathogens.
Collapse
|
12
|
Al Thaher Y, Perni S, Prokopovich P. Nano-carrier based drug delivery systems for sustained antimicrobial agent release from orthopaedic cementous material. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2017; 249:234-247. [PMID: 28477865 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2017.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2016] [Revised: 04/25/2017] [Accepted: 04/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Total joint replacement (TJR), such as hip and knee replacement, is a popular procedure worldwide. Prosthetic joint infections (PJI) after this procedure have been widely reported, where treatment of such infections is complex with high cost and prolonged hospital stay. In cemented arthroplasties, the use of antibiotic loaded bone cement (ALBC) is a standard practice for the prophylaxis and treatment of PJI. Recently, the development of bacterial resistance by pathogenic microorganisms against most commonly used antibiotics increased the interest in alternative approaches for antimicrobial delivery systems such as nanotechnology. This review summarizes the efforts made to improve the antimicrobial properties of PMMA bone cements using nanotechnology based antibiotic and non-antibiotic delivery systems to overcome drawbacks of ALBC in the prophylaxis and treatment of PJIs after hip and knee replacement.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yazan Al Thaher
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Science, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Stefano Perni
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Science, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Polina Prokopovich
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Science, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Dusane DH, Diamond SM, Knecht CS, Farrar NR, Peters CW, Howlin RP, Swearingen MC, Calhoun JH, Plaut RD, Nocera TM, Granger JF, Stoodley P. Effects of loading concentration, blood and synovial fluid on antibiotic release and anti-biofilm activity of bone cement beads. J Control Release 2017; 248:24-32. [PMID: 28087408 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2017.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2016] [Revised: 10/21/2016] [Accepted: 01/04/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Antibiotic loaded cement beads are commonly used for the treatment of biofilm related orthopaedic periprosthetic infections; however the effects of antibiotic loading and exposure of beads to body fluids on release kinetics are unclear. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of (i) antibiotic loading density (ii) loading amount (iii) material type and (iv) exposure to body fluids (blood or synovial fluid) on release kinetics and efficacy of antibiotics against planktonic and lawn biofilm bacteria. Short-term release into an agar gel was evaluated using a fluorescent tracer (fluorescein) incorporated in the carrier materials calcium sulfate (CaSO4) and poly methyl methacrylate (PMMA). Different fluorescein concentrations in CaSO4 beads were evaluated. Mechanical properties of fluorescein-incorporated beads were analyzed. Efficacy of the antibiotics vancomycin (VAN) or tobramycin (TOB) alone and in combination was evaluated against lawn biofilms of bioluminescent strains of Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Zones of inhibition of cultures (ZOI) were measured visually and using an in-vivo imaging system (IVIS). The influence of body fluids on release was assessed using CaSO4 beads that contained fluorescein or antibiotics and were pre-coated with human blood or synovial fluid. The spread from the beads followed a square root of time relationship in all cases. The loading concentration had no influence on short-term fluorescein release and pre-coating of beads with body fluids did not affect short-term release or antibacterial activity. Compared to PMMA, CaSO4 had a more rapid short term rate of elution and activity against planktonic and lawn biofilms. This study highlights the importance of considering antibiotic loading and packing density when investigating the clinical application of bone cements for infection management.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Devendra H Dusane
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, The Ohio State University, Columbus 43210, USA.
| | - Scott M Diamond
- Department of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus 43210, USA
| | - Cory S Knecht
- Department of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus 43210, USA
| | - Nicholas R Farrar
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus 43210, USA
| | - Casey W Peters
- Department of Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus 43210, USA
| | - Robert P Howlin
- Centre for Biological Sciences, Faculty of Natural & Environmental Sciences & Institute for Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Matthew C Swearingen
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, The Ohio State University, Columbus 43210, USA
| | - Jason H Calhoun
- Department of Muscoskeletal Sciences, Spectrum Health Medical Group, Grand Rapids, USA
| | - Roger D Plaut
- Division of Bacterial, Parasitic, and Allergenic Products, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring 20993, USA
| | - Tanya M Nocera
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus 43210, USA
| | - Jeffrey F Granger
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Ohio State University, Columbus 43210, USA
| | - Paul Stoodley
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, The Ohio State University, Columbus 43210, USA; Department of Orthopaedics, The Ohio State University, Columbus 43210, USA; National Center for Advanced Tribology at Southampton (nCATS), Engineering and the Environment, University of Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Nichol T, Smith TJ, Townsend R, Stockley I, Akid R. Analysis of linezolid and tigecycline as candidates for local prophylaxis via antibiotic-loaded bone cement. J Antimicrob Chemother 2016; 72:410-416. [DOI: 10.1093/jac/dkw410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2016] [Revised: 08/29/2016] [Accepted: 08/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
|
15
|
Kaur S, Harjai K, Chhibber S. In Vivo Assessment of Phage and Linezolid Based Implant Coatings for Treatment of Methicillin Resistant S. aureus (MRSA) Mediated Orthopaedic Device Related Infections. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0157626. [PMID: 27333300 PMCID: PMC4917197 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0157626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2016] [Accepted: 06/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Staphylococcus comprises up to two-thirds of all pathogens in orthopaedic implant infections with two species respectively Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis, being the predominate etiological agents isolated. Further, with the emergence of methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA), treatment of S. aureus implant infections has become more difficult, thus representing a devastating complication. Use of local delivery system consisting of S.aureus specific phage along with linezolid (incorporated in biopolymer) allowing gradual release of the two agents at the implant site represents a new, still unexplored treatment option (against orthopaedic implant infections) that has been studied in an animal model of prosthetic joint infection. Naked wire, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) coated wire and phage and /or linezolid coated K-wire were surgically implanted into the intra-medullary canal of mouse femur bone of respective groups followed by inoculation of S.aureus ATCC 43300(MRSA). Mice implanted with K-wire coated with both the agents i.e phage as well as linezolid (dual coated wires) showed maximum reduction in bacterial adherence, associated inflammation of the joint as well as faster resumption of locomotion and motor function of the limb. Also, all the coating treatments showed no emergence of resistant mutants. Use of dual coated implants incorporating lytic phage (capable of self-multiplication) as well as linezolid presents an attractive and aggressive early approach in preventing as well as treating implant associated infections caused by methicillin resistant S. aureus strains as assessed in a murine model of experimental joint infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sandeep Kaur
- Department of Microbiology, Panjab University, Chandigarh-160014, India
| | - Kusum Harjai
- Department of Microbiology, Panjab University, Chandigarh-160014, India
| | - Sanjay Chhibber
- Department of Microbiology, Panjab University, Chandigarh-160014, India
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Controlled release drug delivery systems to improve post-operative pharmacotherapy. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2016; 6:441-51. [DOI: 10.1007/s13346-016-0305-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
|
17
|
Development of a nanofibrous wound dressing with an antifibrogenic propertiesin vitroandin vivomodel. J Biomed Mater Res A 2016; 104:2334-44. [DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.35770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2015] [Revised: 04/26/2016] [Accepted: 04/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
|
18
|
Peñalba Arias P, Furustrand Tafin U, Bétrisey B, Vogt S, Trampuz A, Borens O. Activity of bone cement loaded with daptomycin alone or in combination with gentamicin or PEG600 against Staphylococcus epidermidis biofilms. Injury 2015; 46:249-53. [PMID: 25498330 DOI: 10.1016/j.injury.2014.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2014] [Revised: 11/11/2014] [Accepted: 11/16/2014] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Daptomycin is a promising candidate for local treatment of bone infection due to its activity against multi-resistant staphylococci. We investigated the activity of antibiotic-loaded PMMA against Staphylococcus epidermidis biofilms using an ultra-sensitive method bacterial heat detection method (microcalorimetry). PMMA cylinders loaded with daptomycin alone or in combination with gentamicin or PEG600, vancomycin and gentamicin were incubated with S. epidermidis-RP62A in tryptic soy broth (TSB) for 72 h. Cylinders were thereafter washed and transferred in microcalorimetry ampoules pre-filled with TSB. Bacterial heat production, proportional to the quantity of biofilm on the PMMA, was measured by isothermal microcalorimetry at 37 °C. Heat detection time was considered time to reach 20 μW. Experiments were performed in duplicate. The heat detection time was 5.7-7.0 h for PMMA without antibiotics. When loaded with 5% of daptomycin, vancomycin or gentamicin, detection times were 5.6-16.4 h, 16.8-35.7 h and 4.7-6.2 h, respectively. No heat was detected when 5% gentamicin or 0.5% PEG600 was added to the daptomycin-loaded PMMA. The study showed that vancomycin was superior to daptomycin and gentamicin in inhbiting staphylococcal adherence in vitro. However, PMMA loaded with daptomycin combined with gentamicin or PEG600 completely inhibited S. epidermidis-biofilm formation. PMMA loaded with these combinations may represent effective strategies for local treatment in the presence of multi-resistant staphylococci.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Patricio Peñalba Arias
- Service of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Lausanne University Hospital, Rue du Bugnon 46, CH-1011 Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Ulrika Furustrand Tafin
- Septic Surgical Unit, Lausanne University Hospital, Rue du Bugnon 46, CH-1011 Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Bertrand Bétrisey
- Service of Infectious Diseases, Lausanne University Hospital, Rue du Bugnon 46, CH-1011 Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Sebastian Vogt
- Research and Development, Heraeus Medical GmbH, Philipp-Reis-Straße 13, 61273 Wehrheim, Germany.
| | - Andrej Trampuz
- Center for Musculoskeletal Surgery, Charité-University Medicine, Free and Humboldt-University of Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Olivier Borens
- Service of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Lausanne University Hospital, Rue du Bugnon 46, CH-1011 Lausanne, Switzerland; Septic Surgical Unit, Lausanne University Hospital, Rue du Bugnon 46, CH-1011 Lausanne, Switzerland.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Yu J, Chu X, Cai Y, Tong P, Yao J. Preparation and characterization of antimicrobial nano-hydroxyapatite composites. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2014; 37:54-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2013.12.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2013] [Revised: 12/02/2013] [Accepted: 12/27/2013] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
|
20
|
Wang Y, Grainger DW. RNA therapeutics targeting osteoclast-mediated excessive bone resorption. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2012; 64:1341-57. [PMID: 21945356 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2011.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2011] [Accepted: 09/05/2011] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
RNA interference (RNAi) is a sequence-specific post-transcriptional gene silencing technique developed with dramatically increasing utility for both scientific and therapeutic purposes. Short interfering RNA (siRNA) is currently exploited to regulate protein expression relevant to many therapeutic applications, and commonly used as a tool for elucidating disease-associated genes. Osteoporosis and their associated osteoporotic fragility fractures in both men and women are rapidly becoming a global healthcare crisis as average life expectancy increases worldwide. New therapeutics are needed for this increasing patient population. This review describes the diversity of molecular targets suitable for RNAi-based gene knock down in osteoclasts to control osteoclast-mediated excessive bone resorption. We identify strategies for developing targeted siRNA delivery and efficient gene silencing, and describe opportunities and challenges of introducing siRNA as a therapeutic approach to hard and connective tissue disorders.
Collapse
|
21
|
Chakraborti M, Jackson JK, Plackett D, Gilchrist SE, Burt HM. The application of layered double hydroxide clay (LDH)-poly(lactide-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) film composites for the controlled release of antibiotics. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE. MATERIALS IN MEDICINE 2012; 23:1705-1713. [PMID: 22528072 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-012-4638-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2011] [Accepted: 03/28/2012] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Many sites of bacterial infection such as in-dwelling catheters and orthopedic surgical sites require local rather than systemic antibiotic administration. However, currently used controlled release vehicles, such as polymeric films, release water-soluble antibiotics too quickly, whereas nonporous bone cement, used in orthopedics, release very little drug. The purpose of this study was to investigate the use of nanoparticulates composed of layered double hydroxide clays to bind various antibiotics and release them in a controlled manner. Mg-Al (carbonate) layered double hydroxides were synthesized and characterized using established methods. These clay particles were suspended in solutions of the antibiotics tetracycline, doxorubicin (DOX), 5-fluorouracil, vancomycin (VAN), sodium fusidate (SF) and antisense oligonucleotides and binding was determined following centrifugation and quantitation of the unbound fraction by UV/Vis absorbance or HPLC analysis. Drug release from layered double hydroxide clay/drug complexes dispersed in polymeric films was measured by incubation in phosphate-buffered saline (pH 7.4) at 37 °C using absorbance or HPLC analysis. Antimicrobial activity of drug released from film composites was determined using zonal inhibition studies against S. epidermidis. All drugs bound to the clay particles to various degrees. Generally, drugs released with a large burst phase of release (except DOX) with little further drug release after 4 days. Dispersion of drug/clay complexes in poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) films resulted in a reduced burst phase of release and a slow continuous release for many weeks with effective antimicrobial amounts of VAN and SF released at later time points. Layered double hydroxide clays may be useful for controlled release applications at sites requiring long-term antibiotic exposure as they maintain the drug in a non-degraded state and release effective amounts of drug over long time periods. LDH clay/drug complexes are amenable to homogenous dispersion in polymeric films where implant coating may be optimal or required.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michelle Chakraborti
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of British Columbia, 2146 East Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|