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Irfan J, Ali A, Hussain MA, Haseeb MT, Alsahli TG, Naeem-Ul-Hassan M, Tulain UR, Hussain SZ, Hussain I, Azhar I. A superabsorbent and pH-responsive copolymer-hydrogel based on acemannan from Aloe vera (Aloe barbadensis M.): A smart material for drug delivery. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 270:132306. [PMID: 38740152 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.132306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Combining natural polysaccharides with synthetic materials improves their functional properties which are essential for designing sustained-release drug delivery systems. In this context, the Aloe vera leaf mucilage/hydrogel (ALH) was reacted with acrylic acid (AA) to synthesize a copolymerized hydrogel, i.e., ALH-grafted-Polyacrylic acid (ALH-g-PAA) through free radical copolymerization. Concentrations of the crosslinker N,N'-methylene-bis-acrylamide (MBA), and the initiator potassium persulfate (KPS) were optimized to study their effects on ALH-g-PAA swelling. The FTIR and solid-state NMR (CP/MAS 13C NMR) spectra witnessed the formation of ALH-g-PAA. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis revealed superporous nature of ALH-g-PAA. The gel fraction (%) of ALH-g-PAA was directly related to the concentrations of AA and MBA whereas the sol fraction was inversely related to the concentrations of AA and MBA. The porosity (%) of ALH-g-PAA directly depends on the concentration of AA and MBA. The ALH-g-PAA swelled admirably at pH 7.4 and insignificantly at pH 1.2. The ALH-g-PAA offered on/off switching properties at pH 7.4/1.2. The metoprolol tartrate was loaded on different formulations of ALH-g-PAA. The ALH-g-PAA showed pH, time, and swelling-dependent release of metoprolol tartrate (MT) for 24 h following the first-order kinetic and Korsmeyer-Peppas model. Haemocompatibility studies ascertained the non-thrombogenic and non-hemolytic behavior of ALH-g-PAA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaffar Irfan
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Sargodha, Sargodha 40100, Pakistan
| | - Arshad Ali
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Sargodha, Sargodha 40100, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ajaz Hussain
- Centre for Organic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, University of the Punjab, Lahore 54590, Pakistan.
| | | | - Tariq G Alsahli
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka, Aljouf 72341, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Ume Ruqia Tulain
- College of Pharmacy, University of Sargodha, Sargodha 40100, Pakistan
| | - Syed Zajif Hussain
- Department of Chemistry, SBA School of Science & Engineering, Lahore University of Management Sciences, Lahore Cantt. 54792, Pakistan
| | - Irshad Hussain
- Department of Chemistry, SBA School of Science & Engineering, Lahore University of Management Sciences, Lahore Cantt. 54792, Pakistan
| | - Irfan Azhar
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
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2
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Cui M, Li Y, Li J, Jia N, Cao W, Li Z, Li X, Chu X. Construction of various lipid carriers to study the transdermal penetration mechanism of sinomenine hydrochloride. J Microencapsul 2024; 41:157-169. [PMID: 38451031 DOI: 10.1080/02652048.2024.2324810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the transdermal mechanisms and compare the differences in transdermal delivery of Sinomenine hydrochloride (SN) between solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN), liposomes (LS), and nanoemulsions (NE). METHODS SN-SLN, SN-LS and SN-NE were prepared by ultrasound, ethanol injection and spontaneous emulsification, respectively. FTIR, DSC, in vitro skin penetration, activation energy (Ea) analysis were used to explore the mechanism of drug penetration across the skin. RESULTS The particle size and encapsulation efficiency were 126.60 nm, 43.23 ± 0.48%(w/w) for SN-SLN, 224.90 nm, 78.31 ± 0.75%(w/w) for SN-LS, and 83.22 nm, 89.01 ± 2.16%(w/w) for SN-LS. FTIR and DSC showed the preparations had various levels of impacts on the stratum corneum's lipid structure which was in the order of SLN > NE > LS. Ea values of SN-SLN, SN-LS, and SN-NE crossing the skin were 2.504, 1.161, and 2.510 kcal/mol, respectively. CONCLUSION SLN had a greater degree of alteration on the skin cuticle, which allows SN to permeate skin more effectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengyao Cui
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Yaqing Li
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Jing Li
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Nini Jia
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Wenxuan Cao
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Zhengguang Li
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Xiang Li
- Anhui Province Institute for Food and Drug Control, Hefei, China
| | - Xiaoqin Chu
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Preparation Technology and Application, Hefei, China
- Anhui Education Department (AUCM), Engineering Technology Research Center of Modernized Pharmaceutics, Hefei, China
- Institute of Pharmaceutics, Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
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Maneewattanapinyo P, Monton C, Pichayakorn W, Suksaeree J. Plant leaf mucilage/carrageenan/Eudragit® NE30D blended films: Optimization, characterization, and pharmaceutical application. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 254:127916. [PMID: 37944740 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.127916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Mucilage of C. pareira leaves was utilized, being manufactured for use in pharmaceutical products. Carrageenan and Eudragit® NE30D were used to combined. Glycerin was used as a plasticizer at a concentration of 20 % w/w based on the amount of polymer used. Computer software optimized its characteristics, including tensile properties, moisture uptake, and erosion; the optimal formulation was 1.4:1.2:2.8. The percentages of optimization error ranged from 8.48 to 13.80 %. Propranolol HCl was mixed to an optimal formulation. The film layer was tight, homogeneous, and smooth, with no holes. DSC thermogram showed no interaction peaks at 101.33 °C and 170.50 °C. Propranolol HCl concentration in the film ranged from 2.18 to 2.20 mg/cm2. Propranolol HCl was quickly released from the film. The kinetic model for the release profile was first-order kinetic. Although propranolol HCl had a high-release profile, its skin permeation was limited. The permeation lag time, Jss, and Kp were 1.60-2.65 h, 0.0182-0.0338 μg/cm2/h, and 9.10-15.35 cm/h, respectively. A significant amount of propranolol HCl residue was found on the skin's surface. Glycerin appeared to influence propranolol HCl permeability. Therefore, the plant leaf mucilage/carrageenan/Eudragit® NE30D blended film can be utilized in pharmaceutical applications to control drug release from its film layer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pattwat Maneewattanapinyo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Rangsit University, Muang, Pathum Thani 12000, Thailand
| | - Chaowalit Monton
- Drug and Herbal Product Research and Development Center, College of Pharmacy, Rangsit University, Muang, Pathum Thani 12000, Thailand
| | - Wiwat Pichayakorn
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Prince of Songkla University, Hat-Yai, Songkhla 90112, Thailand
| | - Jirapornchai Suksaeree
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Rangsit University, Muang, Pathum Thani 12000, Thailand.
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Sarfraz M, Tulain UR, Erum A, Malik NS, Mahmood A, Sumaira, Aslam S, Sandhu MA, Tayyab M. Cydonia oblonga-Seed-Mucilage-Based pH-Sensitive Graft Copolymer for Controlled Drug Delivery-In Vitro and In Vivo Evaluation. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:2445. [PMID: 37896205 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15102445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 09/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The primary objective of this study was to assess the potential utility of quince seed mucilage as an excipient within a graft copolymer for the development of an oral-controlled drug delivery system. The Cydonia oblonga-mucilage-based graft copolymer was synthesized via a free radical polymerization method, employing potassium per sulfate (KPS) as the initiator and N, N-methylene bisacrylamide (MBA) as the crosslinker. Various concentrations of monomers, namely acrylic acid (AA) and methacrylic acid (MAA), were used in the graft copolymerization process. Metoprolol tartarate was then incorporated into this graft copolymer matrix, and the resultant drug delivery system was subjected to comprehensive characterization using techniques such as Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The swelling behavior of the drug delivery system was evaluated under different pH conditions, and in vitro drug release studies were conducted. Furthermore, pharmacokinetic parameters including the area under the curve (AUC), maximum plasma concentration (Cmax), time to reach Cmax (Tmax), and half-life (t1/2) were determined for metoprolol-loaded hydrogel formulations in rabbit plasma, and these results were compared with those obtained from a commercially available product. The key findings from the study include observations that higher concentrations of acrylic acid (AA) and Cydonia oblonga mucilage (CM) in the graft copolymer enhanced swelling, while the opposite trend was noted at elevated concentrations of methacrylic acid (MAA) and N, N-methylene bisacrylamide (MBA). FTIR analysis confirmed the formation of the graft copolymer and established the compatibility between the drug and the polymer. SEM imaging revealed a porous structure in the prepared formulations. Additionally, the swelling behavior and drug release profiles indicated a pH-sensitive pattern. The pharmacokinetic assessment revealed sustained release patterns of metoprolol from the hydrogel network system. Notably, the drug-loaded formulation exhibited a higher Cmax (156.48 ng/mL) compared to the marketed metoprolol product (96 ng/mL), and the AUC of the hydrogel-loaded metoprolol was 2.3 times greater than that of the marketed formulation. In conclusion, this study underscores the potential of quince seed mucilage as an intelligent material for graft-copolymer-based oral-controlled release drug delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Sarfraz
- College of Pharmacy, Al Ain University, Al Ain Campus, Al Ain 64141, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ume Ruqia Tulain
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sargodha, Punjab 40100, Pakistan
| | - Alia Erum
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sargodha, Punjab 40100, Pakistan
| | - Nadia Shamshad Malik
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Capital University of Science and Technology, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
| | - Arshad Mahmood
- College of Pharmacy, Al Ain University, Abu Dhabi Campus, Abu Dhabi 64141, United Arab Emirates
- AAU Health and Biomedical Research Center, Al Ain University, Abu Dhabi 64141, United Arab Emirates
| | - Sumaira
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Alternative Medicine, The Islamia University, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan
| | - Sidra Aslam
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sargodha, Punjab 40100, Pakistan
| | - Mansur Abdullah Sandhu
- Department of Physiology, Phir Meher Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi 46000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Tayyab
- Department of Pharmacy, Quaid Azam University, Islamabad 15320, Pakistan
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Senarat S, Tuntarawongsa S, Lertsuphotvanit N, Rojviriya C, Phaechamud T, Chantadee T. Levofloxacin HCl-Loaded Eudragit L-Based Solvent Exchange-Induced In Situ Forming Gel Using Monopropylene Glycol as a Solvent for Periodontitis Treatment. Gels 2023; 9:583. [PMID: 37504462 PMCID: PMC10379822 DOI: 10.3390/gels9070583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Solvent exchange-induced in situ forming gel (ISG) is currently an appealing dosage form for periodontitis treatment via localized injection into the periodontal pocket. This study aims to apply Eudragit L and Eudragit S as matrix components of ISG by using monopropylene glycol as a solvent for loading levofloxacin HCl for periodontitis treatment. The influence of Eudragit concentration was investigated in terms of apparent viscosity, rheological behavior, injectability, gel-forming behavior, and mechanical properties. Eudragit L-based formulation presented less viscosity, was easier to inject, and could form more gel than Eudragit S-based ISG. Levofloxacin HCl-loading diminished the viscosity of Eudragit L-based formulation but did not significantly change the gel formation ability. Higher polymer loading increased viscosity, force-work of injectability, and hardness. SEM photographs and µCT images revealed their scaffold formation, which had a denser topographic structure and less porosity attained owing to higher polymer loading and less in vitro degradation. By tracking with fluorescence dyes, the interface interaction study revealed crucial information such as solvent movement ability and matrix formation of ISG. They prolonged the drug release for 14 days with fickian drug diffusion kinetics and increased the release amount above the MIC against test microbes. The 1% levofloxacin HCl and 15% Eudragit L dissolved in monopropylene glycol (LLM15) was a promising ISG because of its appropriate viscosity (3674.54 ± 188.03 cP) with Newtonian flow, acceptable gel formation and injectability (21.08 ± 1.38 N), hardness (33.81 ± 2.3 N) and prolonged drug release with efficient antimicrobial activities against S. aureus (ATCC 6538, 6532, and 25923), methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) (S. aureus ATCC 4430), E. coli ATCC 8739, C. albicans ATCC 10231, P. gingivalis ATCC 33277, and A. actinomycetemcomitans ATCC 29522; thus, it is the potential ISG formulation for periodontitis treatment by localized periodontal pocket injection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Setthapong Senarat
- Programme of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Faculty of Pharmacy, Silpakorn University, Nakhon Pathom 73000, Thailand
| | - Sarun Tuntarawongsa
- Pharmaceutical Intellectual Center "Prachote Plengwittaya", Faculty of Pharmacy, Silpakorn University, Nakhon Pathom 73000, Thailand
| | - Nutdanai Lertsuphotvanit
- Program of Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Silpakorn University, Nakhon Pathom 73000, Thailand
| | - Catleya Rojviriya
- Synchrotron Light Research Institute, Mueang District, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand
| | - Thawatchai Phaechamud
- Programme of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Faculty of Pharmacy, Silpakorn University, Nakhon Pathom 73000, Thailand
- Program of Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Silpakorn University, Nakhon Pathom 73000, Thailand
- Department of Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Silpakorn University, Nakhon Pathom 73000, Thailand
- Natural Bioactive and Material for Health Promotion and Drug Delivery System Group (NBM), Faculty of Pharmacy, Silpakorn University, Nakhon Pathom 73000, Thailand
| | - Takron Chantadee
- Natural Bioactive and Material for Health Promotion and Drug Delivery System Group (NBM), Faculty of Pharmacy, Silpakorn University, Nakhon Pathom 73000, Thailand
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Center of Excellent in Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
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Maneewattanapinyo P, Monton C, Pichayakorn W, Dangmanee N, Wunnakup T, Suksaeree J. Plaster Gel Loaded with Silver Nanoparticle-Mediated Ganoderma applanatum: from Fabrication to Evaluation. AAPS PharmSciTech 2023; 24:105. [PMID: 37081249 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-023-02566-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Traditional Asian remedies have mainly employed the macrofungus Ganoderma applanatum, which belongs to the family Ganodermataceae, as a medicinal mushroom due to its high antibacterial and antioxidant activity. Extracts of the fungus can be synthesized into nanoparticles, which are subsequently produced as plaster gels. Synthesized silver nanoparticle-mediated G. applanatum was discovered to have the greatest ability to inhibit bacterial growth in S. epidermidis. When applied to the skin, the prepared plaster gel converted from a gel to a film; thus, both gel and film generation are characteristic of its formulation. The plaster gel that was made was found to be consistent and attractive, and the yellow color had darkened. Its viscosity and pH were appropriate for the application and allowed it to remain on the skin without dripping or reacting with the skin until it dried. A shorter duration for film formation is possible. The film's tensile was slightly reduced, and it exhibited excellent thermal stability. Decomposition of the generated film occurred at a slower rate, which constrained the polymer chain's ability to move. The semi-crystalline structure was characteristic of the film. It was found that particles were distributed in the film. Rapid release from plaster gel within 4 h was seen, and this was followed by a period of a slowly declining release rate over 12 h. The accurate first-order kinetic used to estimate the release rate of the formulation. The plaster gel demonstrated greater antibacterial activity than the MIC value indicated. The in vivo evaluation was positive and showed no skin irritation. The formulation showed good stability. Therefore, this indicated that the prepared plaster gel is appropriate for topical pharmaceutical delivery and safe for skin application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pattwat Maneewattanapinyo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Rangsit University, Muang, 12000, Pathum Thani, Thailand
| | - Chaowalit Monton
- Drug and Herbal Product Research and Development Center, College of Pharmacy, Rangsit University, Muang, 12000, Pathum Thani, Thailand
| | - Wiwat Pichayakorn
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Prince of Songkla University, Hat-Yai, 90112, Songkhla, Thailand
| | - Nattakan Dangmanee
- Faculty of Agro and Bio Industry, Cosmetic Technology and Dietary Supplement Products Program, Thaksin University, Ban Pa Phayom, 93210, Phatthalung, Thailand
| | - Thaniya Wunnakup
- Drug and Herbal Product Research and Development Center, College of Pharmacy, Rangsit University, Muang, 12000, Pathum Thani, Thailand
| | - Jirapornchai Suksaeree
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Rangsit University, Muang, 12000, Pathum Thani, Thailand.
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7
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Sumaira, Tulain UR, Erum A, Hussain MA, Sidra, Malik NS, Rashid A, Kausar R, Gohar N, Shahid N, Siddiqui M. Fabrication, Characterization and Toxicity Evaluation of Chemically Cross linked Polymeric Network for Sustained Delivery of Metoprolol Tartrate. Des Monomers Polym 2021; 24:351-361. [PMID: 34912178 PMCID: PMC8667954 DOI: 10.1080/15685551.2021.2003995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural mucilages are auspicious biodegradable polymeric materials. The aim of the present research work was to elucidate the characteristics of quince mucilage-based polymeric network for sustained delivery of metprolol tartrate and its toxicity evaluation. Mucilage was extracted by hot water extraction, and characterization of quince mucilage was accomplished by using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. Different batches of quince mucilage polymeric network were prepared by free radical polymerization by utilizing varying ratios of quince mucilage, acrylamide and crosslinker. Degree of swelling depends on concentration of mucilage, monomer and also on crosslinking density of polymeric network. FTIR illustrates proficient grafting, and morphological (scanning electron microscopy) analysis signified porous design. Hence, quince mucilage-based design was encouraging for sustained delivery of metprolol tartrate and acute toxicity evaluation proved that mucilage-based network was safe for oral drug delivery system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumaira
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan
| | | | - Alia Erum
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan
| | | | - Sidra
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan
| | - Nadia Shamshad Malik
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Capital University of Science and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Ayesha Rashid
- Department of Pharmacy, Women University Multan, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Rizwana Kausar
- Ilm College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sargodha, Pakistan
| | - Nitasha Gohar
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Capital University of Science and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Nariman Shahid
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan
| | - Mahwish Siddiqui
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Capital University of Science and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan
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Enhancement of bioavailability through transdermal drug delivery of paliperidone palmitate-loaded nanostructured lipid carriers. Ther Deliv 2021; 12:583-596. [PMID: 34286598 DOI: 10.4155/tde-2021-0036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: The work describes enhanced bioavailability of paliperidone palmitate through transdermal delivery using nanostructured lipid carriers (NLC). Materials & methods: NLCs were formulated by nanoprecipitation method followed by incorporation in transdermal patch and physicochemical characterization. Results: NLCs showed high percentage entrapment efficiency of 83.44 ± 0.8%, drug loading of 24.75 ± 1.10% (w/w), particle size of 173.8 ± 3.25 nm, polydispersity index of 0.143 ± 0.05 and zeta potential of -15.9 ± 0.75 mV. In vitro and ex vivo studies indicated zero-order controlled drug release from NLCs and transdermal patch up to 48 h. Pharmacokinetic studies indicated 1.76-fold enhanced bioavailability by transdermal route as compared with oral drug delivery. Conclusion: From the results, it was concluded that drug-loaded NLCs-transdermal patch is promising drug delivery system for poorly bioavailable drugs.
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Cobos M, Fernández MJ, Fernández MD. Graphene Based Poly(Vinyl Alcohol) Nanocomposites Prepared by In Situ Green Reduction of Graphene Oxide by Ascorbic Acid: Influence of Graphene Content and Glycerol Plasticizer on Properties. NANOMATERIALS 2018; 8:nano8121013. [PMID: 30563225 PMCID: PMC6316035 DOI: 10.3390/nano8121013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2018] [Revised: 11/29/2018] [Accepted: 12/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The enhanced properties of polymer nanocomposites as compared with pure polymers are only achieved in the presence of well-dispersed nanofillers and strong interfacial adhesion. In this study, we report the preparation of nanocomposite films based on poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) filled with well dispersed graphene sheets (GS) by in situ reduction of graphene oxide (GO) dispersed in PVA solution using ascorbic acid (L-AA) as environmentally friendly reductant. The combined effect of GS content and glycerol as plasticizer on the structure, thermal, mechanical, water absorption, and water barrier properties of PVA/GS nanocomposite films is studied for the first time. Higher glass transition temperature, lower crystallinity, melting, and crystallization temperature, higher mechanical properties, and remarkable improvement in the thermal stability compared to neat PVA are obtained as a result of strong interfacial interactions between GS and PVA by hydrogen bonding. PVA/GS composite film prepared by ex situ process is more brittle than its in situ prepared counterpart. The presence of GS improves the water barrier and water resistance properties of nanocomposite films by decreasing water vapor permeability and water absorption of PVA. This work demonstrates that the tailoring of PVA/GS nanocomposite properties is enabled by controlling GS and glycerol content. The new developed materials, particularly those containing plasticizer, could be potential carriers for transdermal drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mónica Cobos
- Department of Polymer Science and Technology. Faculty of Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Paseo Manuel Lardizábal 3, 20018 San Sebastián, Spain.
| | - M Jesús Fernández
- Department of Polymer Science and Technology. Faculty of Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Paseo Manuel Lardizábal 3, 20018 San Sebastián, Spain.
| | - M Dolores Fernández
- Department of Polymer Science and Technology. Faculty of Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Paseo Manuel Lardizábal 3, 20018 San Sebastián, Spain.
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10
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Zhu N, Wu XX, Tian Y, Zhu JX, Li JC. Pharmacokinetic and Pharmacodynamics of Self-Assembled Cubic Liquid Crystalline Nanoparticle Gel After Transdermal Administration. Med Sci Monit 2018; 24:2330-2338. [PMID: 29666359 PMCID: PMC5926275 DOI: 10.12659/msm.906140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to assess the pharmacokinetics after transdermal administration by a novel skin microdialysis technology in rats. The guinea pig model was established by investigating the pharmacodynamics. MATERIAL AND METHODS Three different agents were given after hair removal, and the samples were extracted by microdialysis and detected by HPLC. Subcutaneous/plasma concentration-time curves of the 3 different agents were analyzed and the pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated. The SS-04B UV light therapy instrument was used in the modeling. Changes in melanin index and histopathology were observed with HE staining. RESULTS The increment and decrement results showed that the concentration had no significant effect on drug recovery both in vivo and in vitro. After the paeonol cubic liquid crystalline nanoparticles gel (PAE-LCNPs) was administered, the maximum peak time (tmax) of paeonol skin concentration appeared at 2.42±0.20 h, the maximum skin concentration Cmax was (926±105) ng/ml, and the area under the curve AUC0-8 was (8056±954) ng/h/ml. The tmax was shortened much more than in the other groups, and the performance of PAE-LCNPs targeting was good. Pharmacodynamic results showed that PAE-LCNPs can reduce melanocytes and reduce the melanin index, proving its utility in the treatment of melanin deposition. CONCLUSIONS The skin microdialysis study indicated PAE-LCNPs have good transdermal permeability and efficacy. Pharmacological experiments based on the study found that the topical pigmentation model of guinea pigs showed a better therapeutic effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Zhu
- Department of Pharmacy, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, China (mainland)
| | - Xiao-Xiang Wu
- Department of Pharmacy, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, China (mainland).,Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, China (mainland)
| | - Yong Tian
- Department of Pharmacy, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, China (mainland)
| | - Jin-Xiu Zhu
- Department of Pharmacy, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, China (mainland).,Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, China (mainland)
| | - Jian-Chun Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, China (mainland)
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Development of triptolide-nanoemulsion gels for percutaneous administration: physicochemical, transport, pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic characteristics. J Nanobiotechnology 2017; 15:88. [PMID: 29202753 PMCID: PMC5715633 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-017-0323-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2017] [Accepted: 11/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background This work aimed to provide useful information on the use of nanoemulsions for the percutaneous administration of triptolide. Lipid nanosystems have great potential for transdermal drug delivery. Nanoemulsions and nanoemulsion gels were prepared to enhance percutaneous permeation. Microstructure and in vitro/in vivo percutaneous delivery characteristics of triptolide (TPL)-nanoemulsions and TPL-nanoemulsion gels were compared. The integrity of the nanoemulsions and nanoemulsion gels during transdermal delivery and its effects on the surface of skin were also investigated. The penetration mechanisms of nanoemulsions and nanoemulsion gels were investigated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The transport characteristics of fluorescence-labelled nanoemulsions were probed using laser scanning confocal microscopy. A chronic dermatitis/eczema model in mice ears and the pharmacodynamic of the TPL-nanoemulsion gels were also investigated. Results Compared to TPL gels, significantly greater cumulative amounts of TPL-nanoemulsion gels and TPL-nanoemulsions penetrated rat skin in vitro. The in vivo microdialysis showed the concentration–time curve AUC0–t for TPL-NPs is bigger than the TPL-gels. At the same time, TPL-NPs had a larger effect on the surface of skin. By hydrating keratin and changing the structure of both the stratum corneum lipids and keratin, nanoemulsions and nanoemulsion gels influence skin to promote percutaneous drug penetration. Both hairfollicles and the stratum corneum are also important in this transdermal drug delivery system. Moderate and high dosages of the TPL-nanoemulsion gels can significantly improve the symptoms of dermatitis/eczema inflammation and edema erythematic in mice ears and can reduce the expression of IFN-γ and IL-4. Moreover, the TPL-nanoemulsion gels cause less gastrointestinal damage than that of the Tripterygium wilfordii oral tablet does. Conclusions Nanoemulsions could be suitable for transdermal stably releasing drugs and maintaining the effective drug concentration. The TPL-nanoemulsion gels provided higher percutaneous amounts than other carriers did. These findings suggest that nanoemulsion gels could be promising percutaneous carriers for TPL. The TPL-nanoemulsion gels have a significant treatment effect on dermatitis/eczema in the mice model and is expected to provide a new, low-toxicity and long-term preparation for the clinical treatment of dermatitis/eczema in transdermal drug delivery systems. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12951-017-0323-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Carvacrol/clay hybrids loaded into in situ gelling films. Int J Pharm 2017; 531:676-688. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2017.06.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2017] [Revised: 06/05/2017] [Accepted: 06/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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