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Steven RT, Burton A, Taylor AJ, Robinson KN, Dexter A, Nikula CJ, Bunch J. Evaluation of Inlet Temperature with Three Sprayer Designs for Desorption Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry Tissue Analysis. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2024; 35:224-233. [PMID: 38181191 DOI: 10.1021/jasms.3c00332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2024]
Abstract
Mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) allows for the spatially resolved detection of endogenous and exogenous molecules and atoms in biological samples, typically prepared as thin tissue sections. Desorption electrospray ionization (DESI) is one of the most commonly utilized MSI modalities in preclinical research. DESI ion source technology is still rapidly evolving, with new sprayer designs and heated inlet capillaries having recently been incorporated in commercially available systems. In this study, three iterations of DESI sprayer designs are evaluated: (1) the first, and until recently only, commercially available Waters sprayer; (2) a developmental desorption electro-flow focusing ionization (DEFFI)-type sprayer; and (3) a prototype of the newly released Waters commercial sprayer. A heated inlet capillary is also employed, allowing for controlled inlet temperatures up to 500 °C. These three sprayers are evaluated by comparative tissue imaging analyses of murine testes across this temperature range. Single ion intensity versus temperature trends are evaluated as exemplar cases for putatively identified species of interest, such as lactate and glutamine. A range of trends are observed, where intensities follow either increasing, decreasing, bell-shaped, or other trends with temperature. Data for all sprayers show approximately similar trends for the ions studied, with the commercial prototype sprayer (sprayer version 3) matching or outperforming the other sprayers for the ions investigated. Finally, the mass spectra acquired using sprayer version 3 are evaluated by uniform manifold approximation and projection (UMAP) and k-means clustering. This approach is shown to provide valuable insight that is complementary to the presented univariate evaluation for reviewing the parameter space in this study. Full spectral temperature optimization data are provided as supporting data to enable other researchers to design experiments that are optimal for specific ions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rory T Steven
- National Physical Laboratory Teddington TW11 0LW, U.K
| | - Amy Burton
- National Physical Laboratory Teddington TW11 0LW, U.K
| | - Adam J Taylor
- National Physical Laboratory Teddington TW11 0LW, U.K
| | | | - Alex Dexter
- National Physical Laboratory Teddington TW11 0LW, U.K
| | | | - Josephine Bunch
- National Physical Laboratory Teddington TW11 0LW, U.K
- Imperial College London, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Sir Alexander Fleming Building, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, U.K
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2
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Holmes DT, Romney MG, Angel P, DeMarco ML. Proteomic applications in pathology and laboratory medicine: Present state and future prospects. Clin Biochem 2020; 82:12-20. [PMID: 32442429 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2020.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2020] [Revised: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Clinical mass spectrometry applications have traditionally focused on small molecules, particularly in the areas of therapeutic drug monitoring, toxicology, and measurement of endogenous and exogenous steroids. More recently, the use of matrix assisted laser desorption/ionization time of flight mass spectrometry for the identification of microbial pathogens has been widely implemented. Following this evolution, there has been an expanding role for the measurement of peptides and proteins in pathology and laboratory medicine. This review explores the current state of protein measurement by clinical mass spectrometry and the analytical strategies employed, as well as emerging applications in clinical chemistry, clinical microbiology and anatomical pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel T Holmes
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, St. Paul's Hospital, 1081 Burrard St, Vancouver, BC V6Z 1Y6, Canada; University of British Columbia Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Vancouver, BC V6T 2B5 Canada.
| | - Marc G Romney
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, St. Paul's Hospital, 1081 Burrard St, Vancouver, BC V6Z 1Y6, Canada; University of British Columbia Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Vancouver, BC V6T 2B5 Canada.
| | - Peggi Angel
- Department of Cell and Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charelston, SC 29425 Canada.
| | - Mari L DeMarco
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, St. Paul's Hospital, 1081 Burrard St, Vancouver, BC V6Z 1Y6, Canada; University of British Columbia Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Vancouver, BC V6T 2B5 Canada.
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Robinson KN, Steven RT, Race AM, Bunch J. The Influence of MS Imaging Parameters on UV-MALDI Desorption and Ion Yield. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2019; 30:1284-1293. [PMID: 30949969 DOI: 10.1007/s13361-019-02193-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2018] [Revised: 02/12/2019] [Accepted: 03/11/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Ultraviolet matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry imaging (UV-MALDI MSI) is a widely used technique for imaging molecular distributions within biological systems. While much work exists concerning desorption in UV-MALDI MS, the effects of commonly varied parameters for imaging applications (repetition rate, use of continuous raster mode and raster speed), which determine spatial resolution and limits of detection for the technique, remain largely unknown. We use multiple surface characterization modalities to obtain quantitative measurements of material desorption and analyte ion yield in thin film model systems of two matrix compounds, arising from different UV-MALDI MSI sampling conditions. Observed changes in resulting ablation feature point to matrix-dependent spatial resolution and laser-induced matrix modification effects. Analyte ion yields of 10-9 to 10-6 are observed. Complex changes in ion yield, between spot and raster sampling and arising from varied laser repetition rate and raster speed, are observed. Graphical Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth N Robinson
- National Centre of Excellence in Mass Spectrometry Imaging (NiCE-MSI), National Physical Laboratory, Teddington, UK
- Advanced Materials and Healthcare Technologies Division (AMHT), University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Rory T Steven
- National Centre of Excellence in Mass Spectrometry Imaging (NiCE-MSI), National Physical Laboratory, Teddington, UK.
| | - Alan M Race
- National Centre of Excellence in Mass Spectrometry Imaging (NiCE-MSI), National Physical Laboratory, Teddington, UK
| | - Josephine Bunch
- National Centre of Excellence in Mass Spectrometry Imaging (NiCE-MSI), National Physical Laboratory, Teddington, UK.
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK.
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Construction and testing of an atmospheric-pressure transmission-mode matrix assisted laser desorption ionisation mass spectrometry imaging ion source with plasma ionisation enhancement. Anal Chim Acta 2019; 1051:110-119. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2018.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2018] [Revised: 10/12/2018] [Accepted: 11/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Taylor AJ, Dexter A, Bunch J. Exploring Ion Suppression in Mass Spectrometry Imaging of a Heterogeneous Tissue. Anal Chem 2018; 90:5637-5645. [PMID: 29461803 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.7b05005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
In this study we have explored several aspects of regional analyte suppression in mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) of a heterogeneous sample, transverse cryosections of mouse brain. Olanzapine was homogeneously coated across the section prior to desorption electrospray ionization (DESI) and matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization (MALDI) mass spectrometry imaging. We employed the concept of a tissue extinction coefficient (TEC) to assess suppression of an analyte on tissue relative to its intensity in an off tissue region. We expanded the use of TEC, by first segmenting anatomical regions using graph-cuts clustering and calculating a TEC for each cluster. The single ion image of the olanzapine [M + H]+ ion was seen to vary considerably across the image, with anatomical features such as the white matter and hippocampus visible. While trends in regional ion suppression were conserved across MSI modalities, significant changes in the magnitude of relative regional suppression effects between techniques were seen. Notably the intensity of olanzapine was less suppressed in DESI than for MALDI. In MALDI MSI, significant differences in the concentration dependence of regional TECs were seen, with the TEC of white matter clusters exhibiting a notably stronger correlation with concentration than for clusters associated with gray matter regions. We further employed cluster-specific TECs as regional normalization factors. In comparison to published pixel-by-pixel normalization methods, regional TEC normalization exhibited superior reduction ion suppression artifacts. We also considered the usefulness of a segmentation-based approach to compare spectral information obtained from complementary modalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam J Taylor
- National Centre of Excellence in Mass Spectrometry Imaging (NiCE-MSI) , National Physical Laboratory , Hampton Road , Teddington , TW11 0LW , U.K
| | - Alex Dexter
- National Centre of Excellence in Mass Spectrometry Imaging (NiCE-MSI) , National Physical Laboratory , Hampton Road , Teddington , TW11 0LW , U.K
| | - Josephine Bunch
- National Centre of Excellence in Mass Spectrometry Imaging (NiCE-MSI) , National Physical Laboratory , Hampton Road , Teddington , TW11 0LW , U.K.,Department of Surgery and Cancer , Imperial College London , South Kensington Campus, London , SW7 2AZ , U.K
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Robinson KN, Steven RT, Bunch J. Matrix Optical Absorption in UV-MALDI MS. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2018; 29:501-511. [PMID: 29468418 DOI: 10.1007/s13361-017-1843-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2017] [Revised: 10/31/2017] [Accepted: 11/01/2017] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
In ultraviolet matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (UV-MALDI MS) matrix compound optical absorption governs the uptake of laser energy, which in turn has a strong influence on experimental results. Despite this, quantitative absorption measurements are lacking for most matrix compounds. Furthermore, despite the use of UV-MALDI MS to detect a vast range of compounds, investigations into the effects of laser energy have been primarily restricted to single classes of analytes. We report the absolute solid state absorption spectra of the matrix compounds α-cyano-4-hydroxycinnamic acid (CHCA), para-nitroaniline (PNA), 2-mercaptobenzothiazole (MBT), 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid (2,5-DHB), and 2,4,6-trihydroxyacetophenone (THAP). The desorption/ionization characteristics of these matrix compounds with respect to laser fluence was investigated using mixed systems of matrix with either angiotensin II, PC(34:1) lipid standard, or haloperidol, acting as representatives for typical classes of analyte encountered in UV-MALDI MS. The first absolute solid phase spectra for PNA, MBT, and THAP are reported; additionally, inconsistencies between previously published spectra for CHCA are resolved. In light of these findings, suggestions are made for experimental optimization with regards to matrix and laser wavelength selection. The relationship between matrix optical cross-section and wavelength-dependant threshold fluence, fluence of maximum ion yield, and R, a new descriptor for the change in ion intensity with fluence, are described. A matrix cross-section of 1.3 × 10-17 cm-2 was identified as a potential minimum for desorption/ionization of analytes. Graphical Abstract ᅟ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth N Robinson
- National Center of Excellence in Mass Spectrometry Imaging (NiCE-MSI), National Physical Laboratory, Teddington, UK
- Advanced Materials and Healthcare Technologies Division, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Rory T Steven
- National Center of Excellence in Mass Spectrometry Imaging (NiCE-MSI), National Physical Laboratory, Teddington, UK
| | - Josephine Bunch
- National Center of Excellence in Mass Spectrometry Imaging (NiCE-MSI), National Physical Laboratory, Teddington, UK.
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK.
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Dexter A, Race AM, Steven RT, Barnes JR, Hulme H, Goodwin RJA, Styles IB, Bunch J. Two-Phase and Graph-Based Clustering Methods for Accurate and Efficient Segmentation of Large Mass Spectrometry Images. Anal Chem 2017; 89:11293-11300. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.7b01758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alex Dexter
- PSIBS
Doctoral Training Centre, University of Birmingham Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom
- National Physical
Laboratory, Teddington, Middlesex TW11 0LW, United Kingdom
| | - Alan M. Race
- National Physical
Laboratory, Teddington, Middlesex TW11 0LW, United Kingdom
| | - Rory T. Steven
- National Physical
Laboratory, Teddington, Middlesex TW11 0LW, United Kingdom
| | - Jennifer R. Barnes
- AstraZeneca, Drug Safety and Metabolism, Cambridge CB4 0WG, United Kingdom
| | - Heather Hulme
- AstraZeneca, Drug Safety and Metabolism, Cambridge CB4 0WG, United Kingdom
- University
of Glasgow, University Avenue, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | | | - Iain B. Styles
- School
of Computer Science, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom
| | - Josephine Bunch
- National Physical
Laboratory, Teddington, Middlesex TW11 0LW, United Kingdom
- School
of
Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, Nottinghamshire NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
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Griffiths RL, Randall EC, Race AM, Bunch J, Cooper HJ. Raster-Mode Continuous-Flow Liquid Microjunction Mass Spectrometry Imaging of Proteins in Thin Tissue Sections. Anal Chem 2017; 89:5683-5687. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.7b00977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rian L. Griffiths
- School
of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, U.K
| | - Elizabeth C. Randall
- School
of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, U.K
- PSIBS
Doctoral Training Centre, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, U.K
| | - Alan M. Race
- National Physical Laboratory, Hampton Road, Teddington, Middlesex TW11 0LW, U.K
| | - Josephine Bunch
- National Physical Laboratory, Hampton Road, Teddington, Middlesex TW11 0LW, U.K
- School
of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, U.K
| | - Helen J. Cooper
- School
of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, U.K
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