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Kimura K, Jackson TLB, Huang RCC. Interaction and Collaboration of SP1, HIF-1, and MYC in Regulating the Expression of Cancer-Related Genes to Further Enhance Anticancer Drug Development. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2023; 45:9262-9283. [PMID: 37998757 PMCID: PMC10670631 DOI: 10.3390/cimb45110580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Specificity protein 1 (SP1), hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1), and MYC are important transcription factors (TFs). SP1, a constitutively expressed housekeeping gene, regulates diverse yet distinct biological activities; MYC is a master regulator of all key cellular activities including cell metabolism and proliferation; and HIF-1, whose protein level is rapidly increased when the local tissue oxygen concentration decreases, functions as a mediator of hypoxic signals. Systems analyses of the regulatory networks in cancer have shown that SP1, HIF-1, and MYC belong to a group of TFs that function as master regulators of cancer. Therefore, the contributions of these TFs are crucial to the development of cancer. SP1, HIF-1, and MYC are often overexpressed in tumors, which indicates the importance of their roles in the development of cancer. Thus, proper manipulation of SP1, HIF-1, and MYC by appropriate agents could have a strong negative impact on cancer development. Under these circumstances, these TFs have naturally become major targets for anticancer drug development. Accordingly, there are currently many SP1 or HIF-1 inhibitors available; however, designing efficient MYC inhibitors has been extremely difficult. Studies have shown that SP1, HIF-1, and MYC modulate the expression of each other and collaborate to regulate the expression of numerous genes. In this review, we provide an overview of the interactions and collaborations of SP1, HIF1A, and MYC in the regulation of various cancer-related genes, and their potential implications in the development of anticancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ru Chih C. Huang
- Department of Biology, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 N. Charles Street, Baltimore, MD 21218-2685, USA
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2
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Chen XJ, Wei WF, Wang ZC, Wang N, Guo CH, Zhou CF, Liang LJ, Wu S, Liang L, Wang W. A novel lymphatic pattern promotes metastasis of cervical cancer in a hypoxic tumour-associated macrophage-dependent manner. Angiogenesis 2021; 24:549-565. [PMID: 33484377 PMCID: PMC8292274 DOI: 10.1007/s10456-020-09766-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Lymphatic remodelling in the hypoxic tumour microenvironment (TME) is critically involved in the metastasis of cervical squamous cell carcinoma (CSCC); however, its underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Here, we uncovered a novel lymphatic pattern in the hypoxic TME, wherein lymphatic vessels (LVs) are encapsulated by tumour-associated macrophages (TAMs) to form an interconnected network. We describe these aggregates as LVEM (LVs encapsulated by TAMs) considering their advantageous metastatic capacity and active involvement in early lymph node metastasis (LNM). Mechanistic investigations revealed that interleukin-10 (IL-10) derived from hypoxic TAMs adjacent to LVs was a prerequisite for lymphangiogenesis and LVEM formation through its induction of Sp1 upregulation in lymphatic endothelial cells (LECs). Interestingly, Sp1high LECs promoted the transactivation of C-C motif chemokine ligand 1 (CCL1) to facilitate TAM and tumour cell recruitment, thereby forming a positive feedback loop to strengthen the LVEM formation. Knockdown of Sp1 or blockage of CCL1 abrogated LVEM and consequently attenuated LNM. Notably, CSCCnon-LNM is largely devoid of hypoxic TAMs and the resultant LVEM, which might explain its metastatic delay. These findings identify a novel and efficient metastasis-promoting lymphatic pattern in the hypoxic TME, which might provide new targets for anti-metastasis therapy and prognostic assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Jing Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, 151 Yanjiang Road, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou, 510120, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen-Fei Wei
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, 151 Yanjiang Road, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou, 510120, People's Republic of China
| | - Zi-Ci Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, 151 Yanjiang Road, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou, 510120, People's Republic of China
| | - Nisha Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, 1838 Guangzhou Avenue North, Baiyun District, Guangzhou, 510515, People's Republic of China
| | - Chu-Hong Guo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, 151 Yanjiang Road, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou, 510120, People's Republic of China
| | - Chen-Fei Zhou
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, 151 Yanjiang Road, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou, 510120, People's Republic of China
| | - Luo-Jiao Liang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, 151 Yanjiang Road, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou, 510120, People's Republic of China
| | - Sha Wu
- Department of Immunology/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Proteomics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, 1838 Guangzhou Avenue North, Baiyun District, Guangzhou, 510515, People's Republic of China.
| | - Li Liang
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 Guangzhou Avenue North, Baiyun District, Guangzhou, 510515, People's Republic of China.
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, 151 Yanjiang Road, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou, 510120, People's Republic of China.
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3
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Li XF, Zhang TG, Zhang YX. Correlation among VEGFR3 gene promoter methylation, protein overexpression, and clinical pathology in early gastric cancer. Transl Cancer Res 2020; 9:3499-3506. [PMID: 35117715 PMCID: PMC8798734 DOI: 10.21037/tcr.2020.03.74] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2019] [Accepted: 02/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The occurrence and development of gastric cancer is a multi-factor, multi-stage, multi-gene abnormal accumulation process. Both genetic and epigenetic mechanisms play an important role in the molecular mechanism of gastric cancer. DNA methylation is one of the most studied epigenetic expression mechanisms. To study the correlation between gene promoter methylation status and protein expression of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 3 (VEGFR3), as well as their association with clinicopathological features in early gastric cancer (EGC) cases. METHODS Immunohistochemical analysis and methylation-specific PCR (MSP) were used to detect the expression of VEGFR3 protein and methylation status of the VEGFR3 promoter in 50 cases of EGC and their paired normal gastric mucosa tissues. The level of DNA methylation of the VEGFR3 promoter, in situ VEGFR3 protein expression, and the clinicopathological characteristics of EGC patients were statistically analyzed. RESULTS The positive rate of VEGFR3 protein expression in EGC tumor tissue (60%) was significantly higher than that in the normal gastric mucosa (10%). The detectable methylation frequency of VEGFR3 promoter in EGC tumor tissue (48%) was significantly lower than that in the normal gastric mucosa (85%). As anticipated, the methylation level of the VEGFR3 gene promoter was negatively associated with the overexpression of VEGFR3 protein. In addition, methylation status of the VEGFR3 gene promoter was positively correlated with lymph node metastasis in EGC patients (P<0.05), but was not linked to patients' gender, age, tumor size, degree of differentiation, or tumor invasion depth (P>0.05). CONCLUSIONS Hypomethylation of the VEGFR3 gene promoter is one of the major mechanisms underlying VEGFR3 gene overexpression in EGC tumor tissues and is related to lymph node metastasis in EGC patients. DNA methylation of VEGFR3 is expected to become a molecular diagnostic and prognostic biomarker for EGC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiu-Feng Li
- Department of Pathology, Wei Fang People’s Hospital, Weifang 261041, China
- Shandong University School of Medicine of China, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Ting-Guo Zhang
- Shandong University School of Medicine of China, Jinan 250012, China
- Department of Pathology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Yun-Xiang Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Wei Fang People’s Hospital, Weifang 261041, China
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4
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Qi J, Wu Q, Cheng Q, Chen X, Zhu M, Miao C. High Glucose Induces Endothelial COX2 and iNOS Expression via Inhibition of Monomethyltransferase SETD8 Expression. J Diabetes Res 2020; 2020:2308520. [PMID: 32185234 PMCID: PMC7060408 DOI: 10.1155/2020/2308520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2019] [Revised: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 01/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Cyclooxygenase 2 (COX2) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) overexpression results in endothelial apoptosis, thus mediating vascular endothelial injury in hyperglycaemia. E26 transformation-specific sequence transcription factor-1 (ESE-1), which belongs to the E26 transformation-specific family of transcription factors, has been demonstrated to be involved in COX2 and iNOS gene transcription. Our previous study indicated that SET domain-containing protein 8 (SETD8) downregulation is involved in high glucose-mediated endothelial inflammation in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Here, we report that SETD8 plays a major role in hyperglycaemia-induced COX2 and iNOS expression. In HUVECs, upregulation of ESE-1 expression was related to high glucose-mediated apoptosis and COX2 and iNOS expression. High glucose inhibited SETD8 expression, and overexpression of SETD8 diminished the effects of high glucose treatment. Consistently, RNA silencing of SETD8 led to the opposite effect. Furthermore, SETD8 was found to interact with specificity protein 1 (SP1). Blockade of SP1 protected against high glucose-mediated endothelial injury. Mechanistically, we showed that H4K20me1, a downstream target of SETD8, and SP1 were enriched at the ESE-1 promoter region by ChIP assay. Luciferase reporter assays indicated that SETD8 overexpression attenuated ESE-1 promoter activity and augmented the inhibitory effect of siSP1 on ESE-1 promoter activity. In general, our data indicate that SETD8 interacts with SP1 to coregulate ESE-1 expression, which is involved in hyperglycaemia-mediated endothelial apoptosis in HUVECs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Qi
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Qichao Wu
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Qian Cheng
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Xiangyuan Chen
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Minmin Zhu
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Changhong Miao
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
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Abstract
The blood and lymphatic vasculatures are vital to the maintenance of homeostasis. The interaction between two vascular networks throughout the body is precisely controlled to enable oxygen and nutrient delivery, removal of carbon dioxide and metabolic waste, drainage of interstitial fluid, transport of immune cells, and other key activities. Recent years have seen an explosion of information dealing with the development and function of the lymphatic system. The growth of lymphatic vessels, termed lymphangiogenesis, is a high-energy requirement process that involves sprouting, proliferation, migration, and remodeling of lymphatic endothelial cells and capillaries. Although there has been substantial progress in identifying growth factors and their downstream signaling pathways that control lymphangiogenesis, the role of metabolic processes during lymphangiogenesis and their links to growth factor signaling are poorly understood. In this review, we will discuss recent work that has provided new insights into lymphatic metabolism and its role in lymphangiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heon-Woo Lee
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Pengchun Yu
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Michael Simons
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
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6
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Zhang C, Wang N, Tan HY, Guo W, Li S, Feng Y. Targeting VEGF/VEGFRs Pathway in the Antiangiogenic Treatment of Human Cancers by Traditional Chinese Medicine. Integr Cancer Ther 2018; 17:582-601. [PMID: 29807443 PMCID: PMC6142106 DOI: 10.1177/1534735418775828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Bearing in mind the doctrine of tumor angiogenesis hypothesized by Folkman
several decades ago, the fundamental strategy for alleviating numerous cancer
indications may be the strengthening application of notable antiangiogenic
therapies to inhibit metastasis-related tumor growth. Under physiological
conditions, vascular sprouting is a relatively infrequent event unless when
specifically stimulated by pathogenic factors that contribute to the
accumulation of angiogenic activators such as the vascular endothelial growth
factor (VEGF) family and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF). Since VEGFs have
been identified as the principal cytokine to initiate angiogenesis in tumor
growth, synthetic VEGF-targeting medicines containing bevacizumab and sorafenib
have been extensively used, but prominent side effects have concomitantly
emerged. Traditional Chinese medicines (TCM)–derived agents with distinctive
safety profiles have shown their multitarget curative potential by impairing
angiogenic stimulatory signaling pathways directly or eliciting synergistically
therapeutic effects with anti-angiogenic drugs mainly targeting VEGF-dependent
pathways. This review aims to summarize (a) the up-to-date
understanding of the role of VEGF/VEGFR in correlation with proangiogenic
mechanisms in various tissues and cells; (b) the elaboration of
antitumor angiogenesis mechanisms of 4 representative TCMs, including
Salvia miltiorrhiza, Curcuma longa, ginsenosides, and
Scutellaria baicalensis; and (c)
circumstantial clarification of TCM-driven therapeutic actions of suppressing
tumor angiogenesis by targeting VEGF/VEGFRs pathway in recent years, based on
network pharmacology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Zhang
- 1 The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Ning Wang
- 1 The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Hor-Yue Tan
- 1 The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Wei Guo
- 1 The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Sha Li
- 1 The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Yibin Feng
- 1 The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
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7
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Wang H, Li K, Mei Y, Huang X, Li Z, Yang Q, Yang H. Sp1 Suppresses miR-3178 to Promote the Metastasis Invasion Cascade via Upregulation of TRIOBP. MOLECULAR THERAPY-NUCLEIC ACIDS 2018; 12:1-11. [PMID: 30195749 PMCID: PMC6023786 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2018.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2017] [Revised: 02/27/2018] [Accepted: 04/20/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Specificity protein (Sp1) plays an important role in invasion-metastasis cascade. Sp1 regulation on protein coding genes has been extensively investigated; however, little is known about its regulation on protein non-coding genes. In this study, miR-3178 is reported as a novel target of Sp1 in multiple cancer cell models. Sp1 functions as its transcriptional suppressor as evidenced by luciferase reporter and chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assays. In line with the pro-metastatic role of Sp1, miR-3178 exerts anti-metastasis function. Overexpression of miR-3178 inhibits both migration and invasion of highly metastatic prostate, lung, and breast cancer cells whereas antagonizing miR-3178 promotes those events in their lowly metastatic counterparts. The in vivo study demonstrates that miR-3178 suppresses the tail vein inoculated prostate cancer cells to form colonies in lung, lymph node, and liver of BALB/c nude mice. miR-3178 directly targets the 3′ UTR of TRIOBP-1 and TRIOBP-5, two isoforms of TRIOBP expressed in prostate, lung, and breast cancer cells. Overexpression of TRIOBP-1 could rescue miR-3178 inhibition on cell migration and invasion. Collectively, our findings reveal the regulatory axis of Sp1/miR-3178/TRIOBP in metastasis cascade. Our results suggest miR-3178 as a promising application to suppress metastasis in Sp1-overexpressed cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Wang
- School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, China
| | - Kai Li
- School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, China
| | - Yu Mei
- School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, China
| | - Xuemei Huang
- School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, China
| | - Zhenglin Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, China
| | - Qingzhu Yang
- School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, China
| | - Huanjie Yang
- School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, China.
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8
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Misawa Y, Misawa K, Kawasaki H, Imai A, Mochizuki D, Ishikawa R, Endo S, Mima M, Kanazawa T, Iwashita T, Mineta H. Evaluation of epigenetic inactivation of vascular endothelial growth factor receptors in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Tumour Biol 2017; 39:1010428317711657. [PMID: 28718364 DOI: 10.1177/1010428317711657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine the methylation status of the genes encoding the vascular endothelial growth factor receptors and to evaluate the usefulness of VEGFR methylation as a prognostic indicator in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. VEGFR messenger RNA expression and promoter methylation were examined in a panel of cell lines via quantitative reverse transcription and methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction, respectively. Promoter methylation was compared with clinical characteristics in 128 head and neck squamous cell carcinoma samples. The normalized methylation values for the VEGFR1, VEGFR2 and VEGFR3 promoters tended to be higher in the tumour cell lines than in normal tonsil samples, whereas amounts of VEGFR1, VEGFR2 and VEGFR3 messenger RNA were significantly higher. Methylation of the VEGFR1 promoter (p = 0.003; 66/128 head and neck squamous cell carcinoma samples, 52%) and VEGFR3 promoter (p = 0.043; 53/128 head and neck squamous cell carcinoma samples, 41%) significantly correlated with recurrence, whereas methylation of the VEGFR2 promoter significantly correlated with lymph node metastasis (p = 0.046; 47/128 head and neck squamous cell carcinoma samples, 37%). Concurrent methylation of the VEGFR1 and VEGFR3 promoters significantly correlated with reduced disease-free survival (log-rank test, p = 0.009). In a multivariate logistic regression analysis, methylation of the VEGFR1, VEGFR3 and both the VEGFR1 and VEGFR3 promoters independently predicted recurrence (odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals: 3.19, 1.51-6.75 (p = 0.002); 2.24, 1.06-4.76 (p = 0.035); and 2.56, 1.09-6.05 (p = 0.032), respectively). Methylation of the VEGFR promoters predicts poor prognosis in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Misawa
- 1 Department of Otorhinolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Kiyoshi Misawa
- 1 Department of Otorhinolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Hideya Kawasaki
- 2 Department of Regenerative and Infectious Pathology, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Atsushi Imai
- 1 Department of Otorhinolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Daiki Mochizuki
- 1 Department of Otorhinolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Ryuji Ishikawa
- 1 Department of Otorhinolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Shiori Endo
- 1 Department of Otorhinolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Masato Mima
- 1 Department of Otorhinolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Takeharu Kanazawa
- 3 Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Japan
| | - Toshihide Iwashita
- 2 Department of Regenerative and Infectious Pathology, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Mineta
- 1 Department of Otorhinolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
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9
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Cai Y, Yi M, Chen D, Liu J, Guleng B, Ren J, Shi H. Trefoil factor family 2 expression inhibits gastric cancer cell growth and invasion in vitro via interactions with the transcription factor Sp3. Int J Mol Med 2016; 38:1474-1480. [PMID: 27668303 PMCID: PMC5065293 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2016.2739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2015] [Accepted: 09/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The trefoil factor family (TFF) is a group of short secretory peptides of gastric mucous neck cells. The loss of TFF2 protein expression enhances gastric inflammation and occurs in gastric cancer. In this study, we examined the effect of TFF2 on gastric cancer cell lines in vitro and characterized the interaction between TFF2 and Sp3, including the mechanisms that mediate this interaction, using genomics and proteomics approaches, as well as genetics techniques, such as RNA interference and gene knockdown. Assays were performed to examine the role of TFF2 and Sp3 in cancer cell proliferation, invasion and migration. We found that TFF2 expression inhibited the proliferation and invasion capacity of gastric cancer cells, and induced apoptosis. TFF2 interacted with the Sp3 protein, as shown by immunofluorescence staining and immunoprecipitation with western blot analysis. Sp3 knockdown in gastric cancer cells antagonized TFF2 anti-tumor activity. Additionally, TFF2 upregulated the expression of pro-apoptotic proteins, such as Bid, but downregulated the expression of NF-κB and the anti-apoptotic proteins, Bcl-xL and Mcl-1. By contrast, Sp3 knockdown significantly blocked TFF2 activity, affecting the expression of these proteins. The data from our study demonstrate that the antitumor activity of TFF2 is mediated by an interaction with the Sp3 protein in gastric cancer cells. Additional in vivo and ex vivo warrned in order to fully characterize this interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiling Cai
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361004, P.R. China
| | - Mengting Yi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361004, P.R. China
| | - Dajun Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361004, P.R. China
| | - Jingjing Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361004, P.R. China
| | - Bayasi Guleng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361004, P.R. China
| | - Jianlin Ren
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361004, P.R. China
| | - Huaxiu Shi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361004, P.R. China
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10
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Man HSJ, Yan MS, Lee JJ, Marsden PA. Epigenetic determinants of cardiovascular gene expression: vascular endothelium. Epigenomics 2016; 8:959-79. [PMID: 27381277 DOI: 10.2217/epi-2016-0012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The modern landscape of gene regulation involves interacting factors that ultimately lead to gene activation or repression. Epigenetic mechanisms provide a perspective of cellular phenotype as dynamically regulated and responsive to input. This perspective is supported by the generation of induced pluripotent stem cells from fully differentiated cell types. In vascular endothelial cells, evidence suggests that epigenetic mechanisms play a major role in the expression of endothelial cell-specific genes such as the endothelial nitric oxide synthase (NOS3/eNOS). These mechanisms are also important for eNOS expression in response to environmental stimuli such as hypoxia and shear stress. A newer paradigm in epigenetics, long noncoding RNAs offer a link between genetic variation, epigenetic regulation and disease. While the understanding of epigenetic mechanisms is early in its course, it is becoming clear that approaches to understanding the interaction of these factors and their inputs will be necessary to improve outcomes in cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hon-Sum Jeffrey Man
- Department of Medicine, Keenan Research Centre, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Departments of Respirology & Critical Care, University Health Network & Mt Sinai Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Matthew S Yan
- Department of Medicine, Keenan Research Centre, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - John Jy Lee
- Department of Medicine, Keenan Research Centre, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Laboratory Medicine & Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Philip A Marsden
- Department of Medicine, Keenan Research Centre, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Laboratory Medicine & Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Nephrology, St Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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11
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Qin TT, Xu GC, Qi JW, Yang GL, Zhang K, Liu HL, Xu LX, Xiang R, Xiao G, Cao H, Wei Y, Zhang QZ, Li LY. Tumour necrosis factor superfamily member 15 (Tnfsf15) facilitates lymphangiogenesis via up-regulation of Vegfr3
gene expression in lymphatic endothelial cells. J Pathol 2015; 237:307-18. [PMID: 26096340 DOI: 10.1002/path.4577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2015] [Revised: 06/13/2015] [Accepted: 06/17/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ting-Ting Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy, and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research; Nankai University; Tianjin China
| | - Guo-Ce Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy, and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research; Nankai University; Tianjin China
| | - Jian-Wei Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy, and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research; Nankai University; Tianjin China
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital; Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College; Tianjin China
| | - Gui-Li Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy, and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research; Nankai University; Tianjin China
| | - Kun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy, and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research; Nankai University; Tianjin China
| | - Hai-Lin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy, and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research; Nankai University; Tianjin China
| | - Li-Xia Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy, and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research; Nankai University; Tianjin China
| | - Rong Xiang
- School of Medicine; Nankai University; Tianjin China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Nankai University, West China Hospital; Sichuan University; China
| | - Guozhi Xiao
- Department of Biology; South University of Science and Technology of China; Shenzhen China
| | - Huiling Cao
- Department of Biology; South University of Science and Technology of China; Shenzhen China
| | - Yuquan Wei
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Nankai University, West China Hospital; Sichuan University; China
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital; Sichuan University; Chengdu China
| | - Qiang-Zhe Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy, and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research; Nankai University; Tianjin China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Nankai University, West China Hospital; Sichuan University; China
| | - Lu-Yuan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy, and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research; Nankai University; Tianjin China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Nankai University, West China Hospital; Sichuan University; China
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Xu Y, Lu W, Yang P, Peng W, Wang C, Li M, Li Y, Li G, Meng N, Lin H, Kan L, Wang S, Yang S, Yu L, Zhao Y. A small molecular agent YL529 inhibits VEGF-D-induced lymphangiogenesis and metastasis in preclinical tumor models in addition to its known antitumor activities. BMC Cancer 2015; 15:525. [PMID: 26187637 PMCID: PMC4506598 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-015-1451-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2014] [Accepted: 05/19/2015] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The lymph node metastasis is a key early step of the tumor metastatic process. VEGFD-mediated tumor lymphangiogenesis plays a key role, since down-regulation of p-VEGFR-3 could block the lymph node metastasis. YL529 has been reported to possess potent anti-angiogenesis and antitumor activities; however, its roles in tumor-associated lymphangiogenesis and lymphatic metastasis remain unclear. Method We investigated the effect of YL529 on tumor-associated lymphangiogenesis and lymph node metastasis using in vitro lymph node metastasis models and in vivo subcutaneous tumor models in C57 BL/6 mice. Result We found that YL529 inhibited VEGF-D-induced survival, proliferation and tube-formation of Human Lymphatic Endothelial Cells. Furthermore, in established in vitro and in vivo lymph node metastasis models using VEGF-D-LL/2 cells, YL529 significantly inhibited the tumor-associated lymphangiogenesis and metastasis. At molecular level, YL529 down-regulated p-VEGFR-3, p-JNK and Bax while up-regulated Bcl-2. Conclusion YL529 provided the therapeutic benefits by both direct effects on tumor cells and inhibiting lymphangiogenesis and metastasis via the VEGFR-3 signaling pathway, which may have significant direct clinical implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youzhi Xu
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Anhui Medical University, 81#, Mei Shan Road, Hefei, 230032, China. .,State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Sichuan University, 17#, 3rd Section, Ren min South Road, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| | - Wenjie Lu
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Anhui Medical University, 81#, Mei Shan Road, Hefei, 230032, China. .,State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Sichuan University, 17#, 3rd Section, Ren min South Road, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| | - Peng Yang
- Department of Transfusion, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, 81#, Mei Shan Road, Hefei, 230032, China.
| | - Wen Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Sichuan University, 17#, 3rd Section, Ren min South Road, Chengdu, 610041, China. .,Department of Oncology, The People's Hospital of Guizhou Province, 83#, Zhong Shan East Road, Guiyang, 550004, China.
| | - Chunting Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Sichuan University, 17#, 3rd Section, Ren min South Road, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| | - Manli Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Sichuan University, 17#, 3rd Section, Ren min South Road, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| | - Yan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Sichuan University, 17#, 3rd Section, Ren min South Road, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| | - Guobo Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Sichuan University, 17#, 3rd Section, Ren min South Road, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| | - Nana Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Sichuan University, 17#, 3rd Section, Ren min South Road, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| | - Hongjun Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Sichuan University, 17#, 3rd Section, Ren min South Road, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| | - Lixin Kan
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Sichuan University, 17#, 3rd Section, Ren min South Road, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| | - Siying Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Sichuan University, 17#, 3rd Section, Ren min South Road, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| | - Shengyong Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Sichuan University, 17#, 3rd Section, Ren min South Road, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| | - Luoting Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Sichuan University, 17#, 3rd Section, Ren min South Road, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| | - YingLan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Sichuan University, 17#, 3rd Section, Ren min South Road, Chengdu, 610041, China.
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Yang Q, Sun M, Ramchandran R, Raj JU. IGF-1 signaling in neonatal hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension: Role of epigenetic regulation. Vascul Pharmacol 2015; 73:20-31. [PMID: 25921925 DOI: 10.1016/j.vph.2015.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2014] [Revised: 03/21/2015] [Accepted: 04/17/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Pulmonary hypertension is a fatal disease characterized by a progressive increase in pulmonary artery pressure accompanied by pulmonary vascular remodeling and increased vasomotor tone. Although some biological pathways have been identified in neonatal hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension (PH), little is known regarding the role of growth factors in the pathogenesis of PH in neonates. In this study, using a model of hypoxia-induced PH in neonatal mice, we demonstrate that the growth factor insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), a potent activator of the AKT signaling pathway, is involved in neonatal PH. After exposure to hypoxia, IGF-1 signaling is activated in pulmonary endothelial and smooth muscle cells in vitro, and the IGF-1 downstream signal pAKT(S473) is upregulated in lungs of neonatal mice. We found that IGF-1 regulates ET-1 expression in pulmonary endothelial cells and that IGF-1 expression is regulated by histone deacetylases (HDACs). In addition, there is a differential cytosine methylation site in the IGF-1 promoter region in response to neonatal hypoxia. Moreover, inhibition of HDACs with apicidin decreases neonatal hypoxia-induced global DNA methylation levels in lungs and specific cytosine methylation levels around the pulmonary IGF-1 promoter region. Finally, HDAC inhibition with apicidin reduces chronic hypoxia-induced activation of IGF-1/pAKT signaling in lungs and attenuates right ventricular hypertrophy and pulmonary vascular remodeling. Taken together, we conclude that IGF-1, which is epigenetically regulated, is involved in the pathogenesis of pulmonary hypertension in neonatal mice. This study implicates a novel HDAC/IGF-1 epigenetic pathway in the regulation of hypoxia-induced PH and warrants further study of the role of IGF-1 in neonatal pulmonary hypertensive disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiwei Yang
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States.
| | - Miranda Sun
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Ramaswamy Ramchandran
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - J Usha Raj
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States; Children's Hospital of the University of Illinois, Chicago, IL, United States
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Rozhkova AV, Filippenkov IB, Sudarkina OY, Limborska SA, Dergunova LV. Alternative promoters located in SGMS1 gene introns participate in regulation of its expression in human tissues. Mol Biol 2015. [DOI: 10.1134/s002689331501015x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Korbolina EE, Ershov NI, Bryzgalov LO, Kolosova NG. Application of quantitative trait locus mapping and transcriptomics to studies of the senescence-accelerated phenotype in rats. BMC Genomics 2014; 15 Suppl 12:S3. [PMID: 25563673 PMCID: PMC4303943 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2164-15-s12-s3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Etiology of complex disorders, such as cataract and neurodegenerative diseases including age-related macular degeneration (AMD), remains poorly understood due to the paucity of animal models, fully replicating the human disease. Previously, two quantitative trait loci (QTLs) associated with early cataract, AMD-like retinopathy, and some behavioral aberrations in senescence-accelerated OXYS rats were uncovered on chromosome 1 in a cross between OXYS and WAG rats. To confirm the findings, we generated interval-specific congenic strains, WAG/OXYS-1.1 and WAG/OXYS-1.2, carrying OXYS-derived loci of chromosome 1 in the WAG strain. Both congenic strains displayed early cataract and retinopathy but differed clinically from OXYS rats. Here we applied a high-throughput RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) strategy to facilitate nomination of the candidate genes and functional pathways that may be responsible for these differences and can contribute to the development of the senescence-accelerated phenotype of OXYS rats. Results First, the size and map position of QTL-derived congenic segments were determined by comparative analysis of coding single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), which were identified for OXYS, WAG, and congenic retinal RNAs after sequencing. The transferred locus was not what we expected in WAG/OXYS-1.1 rats. In rat retina, 15442 genes were expressed. Coherent sets of differentially expressed genes were identified when we compared RNA-Seq retinal profiles of 20-day-old WAG/OXYS-1.1, WAG/OXYS-1.2, and OXYS rats. The genes most different in the average expression level between the congenic strains included those generally associated with the Wnt, integrin, and TGF-β signaling pathways, widely involved in neurodegenerative processes. Several candidate genes (including Arhgap33, Cebpg, Gtf3c1, Snurf, Tnfaip3, Yme1l1, Cbs, Car9 and Fn1) were found to be either polymorphic in the congenic loci or differentially expressed between the strains. These genes may contribute to the development of cataract and retinopathy. Conclusions This study is the first RNA-Seq analysis of the rat retinal transcriptome generated with 40 mln sequencing read depth. The integration of QTL and transcriptomic analyses in our study forms the basis of future research into the relationship between the candidate genes within the congenic regions and specific changes in the retinal transcriptome as possible causal mechanisms that underlie age-associated disorders.
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Blei F. Update June 2014. Lymphat Res Biol 2014. [DOI: 10.1089/lrb.2014.1222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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