1
|
Li G, Guo J, Mou Y, Luo Q, Wang X, Xue W, Hou T, Zeng T, Yang Y. Keratin gene signature expression drives epithelial-mesenchymal transition through enhanced TGF-β signaling pathway activation and correlates with adverse prognosis in lung adenocarcinoma. Heliyon 2024; 10:e24549. [PMID: 38322947 PMCID: PMC10844058 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e24549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) stands as the foremost histological subtype of non-small-cell lung cancer, accounting for approximately 40% of all lung cancer diagnoses. However, there remains a critical unmet need to enhance the prediction of clinical outcomes and therapy responses in LUAD patients. Keratins (KRTs), serving as the structural components of the intermediate filament cytoskeleton in epithelial cells, play a crucial role in the advancement of tumor progression. This study investigated the prognostic significance of the KRT family gene and developed a KRT gene signature (KGS) for prognostic assessment and treatment guidance in LUAD. Methods Transcriptome profiles and associated clinical details of LUAD patients were meticulously gathered from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases. The KGS score was developed based on the expression of five prognostic KRT genes (KRT7, KRT8, KRT17, KRT18, and KRT80), and the upper quartile of the KGS score was chosen as the cutoff. The Kaplan-Meier method was evaluated to compare survival outcomes between KGS-high and KGS-low groups. The underlying mechanism was further investigated by GSEA, GSVA, and other bioinformatic algorithms. Results High expression of the KGS signature exhibited a robust association with poorer overall survival (OS) in the TCGA-LUAD dataset (HR: 1.81; 95% CI: 1.35-2.42, P = 0.00011). The association was further corroborated in three external GEO cohorts, including GSE31210 (HR: 3.31; 95% CI: 1.7-6.47, P = 0.00017), GSE72094 (HR: 1.95; 95% CI: 1.34-2.85, P = 0.00057) and GSE26939 (HR: 3.19; 95% CI: 1.74-5.84, P < 0.0001). Interestingly, KGS-high tumors revealed enrichments in TGF-β and WNT-β catenin signaling pathways, exhibited heightened activation of the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) pathway and proved intensified tumor stemness compared to their KGS-low counterparts. Additionally, KGS-high tumor cells exhibited increased sensitivity to several targeted agents, including gefitinib, erlotinib, lapatinib, and trametinib, in comparison to KGS-low cells. Conclusion This study developed a KGS score that independently predicts the prognosis in LUAD. High expression of KGS score, accompanied by upregulation of TGF-β and WNT-β catenin signaling pathways, confers more aggressive EMT and tumor progression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gang Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610072, China
| | - Jinbao Guo
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Yunfei Mou
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Chengdu Third People’s Hospital, Chengdu, 610082, China
| | - Qingsong Luo
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610072, China
| | - Xuehai Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610072, China
| | - Wei Xue
- Burning Rock Biotech, Guangzhou, 510300, China
| | - Ting Hou
- Burning Rock Biotech, Guangzhou, 510300, China
| | - Tianyang Zeng
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Yi Yang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Chengdu Third People’s Hospital, Chengdu, 610082, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Díaz-Campos MÁ, Vasquez-Arriaga J, Ochoa S, Hernández-Lemus E. Functional impact of multi-omic interactions in lung cancer. Front Genet 2024; 15:1282241. [PMID: 38389572 PMCID: PMC10881857 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2024.1282241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Lung tumors are a leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Lung cancers are highly heterogeneous on their phenotypes, both at the cellular and molecular levels. Efforts to better understand the biological origins and outcomes of lung cancer in terms of this enormous variability often require of high-throughput experimental techniques paired with advanced data analytics. Anticipated advancements in multi-omic methodologies hold potential to reveal a broader molecular perspective of these tumors. This study introduces a theoretical and computational framework for generating network models depicting regulatory constraints on biological functions in a semi-automated way. The approach successfully identifies enriched functions in analyzed omics data, focusing on Adenocarcinoma (LUAD) and Squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC, a type of NSCLC) in the lung. Valuable information about novel regulatory characteristics, supported by robust biological reasoning, is illustrated, for instance by considering the role of genes, miRNAs and CpG sites associated with NSCLC, both novel and previously reported. Utilizing multi-omic regulatory networks, we constructed robust models elucidating omics data interconnectedness, enabling systematic generation of mechanistic hypotheses. These findings offer insights into complex regulatory mechanisms underlying these cancer types, paving the way for further exploring their molecular complexity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Jorge Vasquez-Arriaga
- Computational Genomics Division, National Institute of Genomic Medicine, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Soledad Ochoa
- Computational Genomics Division, National Institute of Genomic Medicine, Mexico City, Mexico
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Enrique Hernández-Lemus
- Computational Genomics Division, National Institute of Genomic Medicine, Mexico City, Mexico
- Center for Complexity Sciences, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Hosseinalizadeh H, Hussain QM, Poshtchaman Z, Ahsan M, Amin AH, Naghavi S, Mahabady MK. Emerging insights into keratin 7 roles in tumor progression and metastasis of cancers. Front Oncol 2024; 13:1243871. [PMID: 38260844 PMCID: PMC10800941 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1243871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Keratin 7 (KRT7), also known as cytokeratin-7 (CK-7) or K7, constitutes the principal constituent of the intermediate filament cytoskeleton and is primarily expressed in the simple epithelia lining the cavities of the internal organs, glandular ducts, and blood vessels. Various pathological conditions, including cancer, have been linked to the abnormal expression of KRT7. KRT7 overexpression promotes tumor progression and metastasis in different human cancers, although the mechanisms of these processes caused by KRT7 have yet to be established. Studies have indicated that the suppression of KRT7 leads to rapid regression of tumors, highlighting the potential of KRT7 as a novel candidate for therapeutic interventions. This review aims to delineate the various roles played by KRT7 in the progression and metastasis of different human malignancies and to investigate its prognostic significance in cancer treatment. Finally, the differential diagnosis of cancers based on the KRT7 is emphasized.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hamed Hosseinalizadeh
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Paramedicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | | | - Zahra Poshtchaman
- Department of Nursing, Esfarayen Faculty of Medical Sciences, Esfarayen, Iran
| | | | - Ali H. Amin
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Soroush Naghavi
- Student Research Committee, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahmood Khaksary Mahabady
- Anatomical Sciences Research Center, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Zhao Z, Meng M, Yao J, Zhou H, Chen Y, Liu J, Wang J, Liu Y, Qiao Y, Zhang M, Qi J, Zhang T, Zhou Z, Jiang T, Shang B, Zhou Q. The long non-coding RNA keratin-7 antisense acts as a new tumor suppressor to inhibit tumorigenesis and enhance apoptosis in lung and breast cancers. Cell Death Dis 2023; 14:293. [PMID: 37185462 PMCID: PMC10130017 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-023-05802-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Expression of the long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) keratin-7 antisense (KRT7-AS) is downregulated in various types of cancer; however, the impact of KRT7-AS deficiency on tumorigenesis and apoptosis is enigmatic. We aim to explore the influence of KRT7-AS in carcinogenesis and apoptosis. We found that KRT7-AS was deficient in breast and lung cancers, and low levels of KRT7-AS were a poor prognostic factor in breast cancer. Cellular studies showed that silencing of KRT7-AS in lung cancer cells increased oncogenic Keratin-7 levels and enhanced tumorigenesis, but diminished cancer apoptosis of the cancer cells; by contrast, overexpression of KRT7-AS inhibited lung cancer cell tumorigenesis. Additionally, KRT7-AS sensitized cancer cells to the anti-cancer drug cisplatin, consequently enhancing cancer cell apoptosis. In vivo, KRT7-AS overexpression significantly suppressed tumor growth in xenograft mice, while silencing of KRT7-AS promoted tumor growth. Mechanistically, KRT7-AS reduced the levels of oncogenic Keratin-7 and significantly elevated amounts of the key tumor suppressor PTEN in cancer cells through directly binding to PTEN protein via its core nucleic acid motif GGCAAUGGCGG. This inhibited the ubiquitination-proteasomal degradation of PTEN protein, therefore elevating PTEN levels in cancer cells. We also found that KRT7-AS gene transcription was driven by the transcription factor RXRα; intriguingly, the small molecule berberine enhanced KRT7-AS expression, reduced tumorigenesis, and promoted apoptosis of cancer cells. Collectively, KRT7-AS functions as a new tumor suppressor and an apoptosis enhancer in lung and breast cancers, and we unraveled that the RXRα-KRT7-AS-PTEN signaling axis controls carcinogenesis and apoptosis. Our findings highlight a tumor suppressive role of endogenous KRT7-AS in cancers and an important effect the RXRα-KRT7-AS-PTEN axis on control of cancer cell tumorigenesis and apoptosis, and offer a new platform for developing novel therapeutics against cancers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Zhao
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, PR China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nano-Bio Interface, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, PR China
| | - Mei Meng
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, PR China
| | - Jun Yao
- Department of General Surgery, Dushu Lake Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, PR China
| | - Hao Zhou
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215006, PR China
| | - Yu Chen
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, PR China
| | - Juntao Liu
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, PR China
| | - Jie Wang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215006, PR China
| | - Yuxi Liu
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, PR China
| | - Yingnan Qiao
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, PR China
| | - Mengli Zhang
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, PR China
| | - Jindan Qi
- School of Nursing, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215006, PR China
| | - Tong Zhang
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, PR China
| | - Zhou Zhou
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, PR China
| | - Tao Jiang
- Department of Pathology, Dushu Lake Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, PR China
| | - Bingxue Shang
- Institutes for Translational Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University, 215123, Suzhou, PR China
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, PR China
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, PR China
| | - Quansheng Zhou
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, PR China.
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, PR China.
- National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, The Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, PR China.
- Key Laboratory of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Ministry of Health; Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, PR China.
- 2011 Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, PR China.
- The Ninth Affiliated Hospital, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Liang J, Chen Z, Huang Y, Bi G, Bian Y, Jin X, Zhang H, Sui Q, Zhan C, Wang Q. Signatures of malignant cells and novel therapeutic targets revealed by single-cell sequencing in lung adenocarcinoma. Cancer Med 2022; 11:2244-2258. [PMID: 35102706 PMCID: PMC9160812 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.4547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Revised: 12/11/2021] [Accepted: 12/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Single‐cell transcriptomics has been used to investigate various tumors to elucidate the molecular distinction of all cell type compositions of a complex mix. Aims This study aimed to investigate malignant‐cell‐specific genes to explore diagnostic and therapeutic biomarkers using single‐cell transcriptomic data of lung adenocarcinoma. Materials & Methods 10X single‐cell RNA‐seq data of fourteen patients with lung adenocarcinoma were analyzed. Genes that expressed differentially and those with higher confidence to distinguish tumor cells from normal cells were picked out using the ROC curves. The LASSO regression method was used to select most markedly correlated genes to predict the malignancy of every single cell within a model. We also conducted further experiments to determine their roles in lung cancer in vitro. Results Twenty two thousand four hundred and ninety one tumor and 181 666 normal single cells were analyzed where 369 genes were found to be specifically expressed in single malignant cells. Seventy of them, encoding secreted or membrane‐bound proteins, showed involvement in cell‐to‐cell communications in tumor biology. KRT18 and the other six genes were identified as predictors to distinguish single malignant cells and were integrated to construct an accurate (96.1%) predicting model. Notably, IRX2, SPINK13, and CAPN8 outperformed the other four genes. Further experiments confirmed the upregulation of them in lung adenocarcinoma at both tissue and cell levels. Proliferative capacities of lung adenocarcinoma cells were attenuated by knocking‐down of either of them. However, targeting CAPN8, IRX2, or SPINK13 hardly exerted a cytotoxic effect on these cells. Discussion Apart from the current model, similar tools were still warranted using single‐cell RNA‐seq data of more types of tumors. The three genes identified as potential therapeutic targets in the present study still need to be validated in more in lung cancer. Conclusion Our model can aid the analyses of single‐cell sequencing data. CAPN8, IRX2, and SPINK13 may serve as novel targets of targeted and immune‐based therapies in lung adenocarcinoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqi Liang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhencong Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yiwei Huang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Guoshu Bi
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yunyi Bian
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xing Jin
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Huan Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qihai Sui
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Cheng Zhan
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qun Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Koren A, Rijavec M, Krumpestar T, Kern I, Sadikov A, Čufer T, Korošec P. Gene Expression Levels of the Prolyl Hydroxylase Domain Proteins PHD1 and PHD2 but Not PHD3 Are Decreased in Primary Tumours and Correlate with Poor Prognosis of Patients with Surgically Resected Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13102309. [PMID: 34065840 PMCID: PMC8150639 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13102309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Hypoxia correlates with poor prognosis in several cancer types, including lung cancer. Prolyl hydroxylase domain proteins (PHDs) belong to an evolutionarily conserved superfamily of dioxygenases that play a role in cell oxygen sensing and homeostasis. In this study, we evaluated PHD1, PHD2 and PHD3 mRNA expression in 60 NSCLC tumours and compared it to that in normal lungs and evaluated the prognostic significance of these differences for distinguishing the survival of NSCLC patients treated with radical surgery. Our results showed that the mRNA expression PHD1 and PHD2 in NSCLC primary tumours was decreased, which correlated with larger tumour size and poor prognosis of patients. PHD1 also showed borderline independent prognostic value in multivariate analysis. In contrast, we found no associations between PHD3 expression and any of the observed parameters. Our results suggest that loss of PHD1 and PHD2 expression is associated with the development and progression of NSCLC, whereas PHD1 could be further assessed as a prognostic marker in NSCLC. Abstract Background: Hypoxia correlates with poor prognosis in several cancer types, including lung cancer. Prolyl hydroxylase domain proteins (PHDs) play a role in cell oxygen sensing, negatively regulating the hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) pathway. Our study aim was to evaluate PHD1, PHD2 and PHD3 mRNA expression levels in primary tumours and normal lungs of non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients and to correlate it with selected regulators of HIF signalling, with clinicopathological characteristics and overall survival (OS). Methods: Tumour tissue samples were obtained from 60 patients with surgically resected NSCLC who were treated with radical surgery. In 22 out of 60 cases, matching morphologically normal lung tissue was obtained. PHD1, PHD2 and PHD3 mRNA expressions were measured using RT-qPCR. Results: The PHD1 and PHD2 mRNA levels in primary tumours were significantly decreased compared to those in normal lungs (both p < 0.0001). PHD1 and PHD2 expression in tumours was positively correlated (rs = 0.82; p < 0.0001) and correlated well with HIF pathway downstream genes HIF1A, PKM2 and PDK1. Decreased PHD1 and PHD2 were associated with larger tumour size, higher tumour stage (PHD1 only) and squamous cell carcinoma. Patients with low PHD1 and patients with low PHD2 expression had shorter OS than patients with high PHD1 (p = 0.02) and PHD2 expression (p = 0.01). PHD1 showed borderline independent prognostic values in multivariate analysis (p = 0.06). In contrast, we found no associations between PHD3 expression and any of the observed parameters. Conclusions: Our results show that reduced expression of PHD1 and PHD2 is associated with the development and progression of NSCLC. PHD1 could be further assessed as a prognostic marker in NSCLC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Koren
- University Clinic of Respiratory and Allergic Diseases Golnik, 4204 Golnik, Slovenia; (M.R.); (T.K.); (I.K.); (T.Č.); (P.K.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +386-(0)4-25-69-433
| | - Matija Rijavec
- University Clinic of Respiratory and Allergic Diseases Golnik, 4204 Golnik, Slovenia; (M.R.); (T.K.); (I.K.); (T.Č.); (P.K.)
| | - Tomaž Krumpestar
- University Clinic of Respiratory and Allergic Diseases Golnik, 4204 Golnik, Slovenia; (M.R.); (T.K.); (I.K.); (T.Č.); (P.K.)
| | - Izidor Kern
- University Clinic of Respiratory and Allergic Diseases Golnik, 4204 Golnik, Slovenia; (M.R.); (T.K.); (I.K.); (T.Č.); (P.K.)
| | - Aleksander Sadikov
- Faculty of Computer and Information Science, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia;
| | - Tanja Čufer
- University Clinic of Respiratory and Allergic Diseases Golnik, 4204 Golnik, Slovenia; (M.R.); (T.K.); (I.K.); (T.Č.); (P.K.)
- Medical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Peter Korošec
- University Clinic of Respiratory and Allergic Diseases Golnik, 4204 Golnik, Slovenia; (M.R.); (T.K.); (I.K.); (T.Č.); (P.K.)
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Wu ZF, Lin WL, Lee MS, Hung NK, Huang YS, Chen TW, Lu CH. Propofol vs desflurane on the cytokine, matrix metalloproteinase-9, and heme oxygenase-1 response during living donor liver transplantation: A pilot study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2019; 98:e18244. [PMID: 31770287 PMCID: PMC6890360 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000018244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We investigated the effects of propofol vs desflurane on ischemia and reperfusion injury (IRI)-induced inflammatory responses, especially in matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) downregulation and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) upregulation, which may result in different clinical outcomes in liver transplant recipients. METHODS Fifty liver transplant recipients were randomized to receive propofol-based total intravenous anesthesia (TIVA group, n = 25) or desflurane anesthesia (DES group, n = 25). We then measured the following: perioperative serum cytokine concentrations (interleukin 1 receptor antagonist [IL-1RA], IL-6, IL-8, and IL-10); MMP-9 and HO-1 mRNA expression levels at predefined intervals. Further, postoperative outcomes were compared between the 2 groups. RESULTS The TIVA group showed a significant HO-1 level increase following the anhepatic phase and a significant MMP-9 reduction after reperfusion, in addition to a significant increase in IL-10 levels after the anhepatic phase and IL-1RA levels after reperfusion. Compared to DES patients, TIVA patients showed a faster return of the international normalized ratio to normal values, lower plasma alanine aminotransferase concentrations 24 hours after transplantation, and fewer patients developing acute lung injury. Moreover, compared with DES patients, TIVA patients showed a significant reduction in serum blood lactate levels. However, there were no differences in postoperative outcomes between the two groups. CONCLUSION Propofol-based TIVA attenuated inflammatory response (elevated IL-1RA and IL-10 levels), downregulated MMP-9 response, and increased HO-1 expression with improved recovery of graft function and better microcirculation compared with desflurane anesthesia in liver transplant recipients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Fu Wu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan
- Department of Anesthesiology, National Defense Medical Center and Tri-Service General Hospital
| | - Wei-Lin Lin
- Department of Anesthesiology, National Defense Medical Center and Tri-Service General Hospital
| | | | - Nan-Kai Hung
- Department of Anesthesiology, National Defense Medical Center and Tri-Service General Hospital
| | - Yuan-Shiou Huang
- Department of Anesthesiology, National Defense Medical Center and Tri-Service General Hospital
| | - Teng-Wei Chen
- Division of General Surgery, National Defense Medical Center and Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chueng-He Lu
- Department of Anesthesiology, National Defense Medical Center and Tri-Service General Hospital
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Lianidou E, Pantel K. Liquid biopsies. Genes Chromosomes Cancer 2019; 58:219-232. [PMID: 30382599 DOI: 10.1002/gcc.22695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2018] [Revised: 08/28/2018] [Accepted: 10/01/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Liquid biopsy is based on minimally invasive blood tests and has a high potential to significantly change the therapeutic strategy in cancer patients, providing an extremely powerful and reliable noninvasive clinical tool for the individual molecular profiling of patients in real time. Liquid biopsy approaches include the analysis of circulating tumor cells (CTCs), circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA), circulating miRNAs, and tumor-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) that are shed from primary tumors and their metastatic sites into peripheral blood. The major advantage of liquid biopsy analysis is that it is minimally invasive, and can be serially repeated, thus allowing extracting information from the tumor in real time. Moreover, the identification of predictive biomarkers in peripheral blood that can monitor response to therapy in real time holds a very strong potential for novel approaches in the therapeutic management of cancer patients. In this review, we summarize recent knowledge on CTCs and ctDNA and discuss future trends in the field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Evi Lianidou
- Analysis of Circulating Tumor Cells Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Klaus Pantel
- Department of Tumor Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Koren A, Rijavec M, Sodja E, Kern I, Sadikov A, Kovac V, Korosec P, Cufer T. High BMI1 mRNA expression in peripheral whole blood is associated with favorable prognosis in advanced non-small cell lung cancer patients. Oncotarget 2018; 8:25384-25394. [PMID: 28445986 PMCID: PMC5421938 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.15914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2016] [Accepted: 02/07/2017] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Polycomb group member protein BMI1 is involved in maintaining cell identity, proliferation, differentiation and human oncogenesis. In the present study, we determined BMI1 mRNA expression in whole blood and evaluated the impact of the expression level on the treatment response and survival of 96 advanced NSCLC patients treated with first-line platinum-based chemotherapy. We also determined BMI1 mRNA expression in primary tumors from 22 operable NSCLC patients treated with radical surgery. We found that compared with control subjects, BMI1 mRNA expression in whole blood of advanced NSCLC patients was decreased (P<0.001). Similarly, we observed decreased BMI1 mRNA expression in primary tumors compared to normal lungs from operable NSCLC patients (P=0.001). We found high BMI1 mRNA expression in blood was associated with longer progression-free survival (PFS) (P=0.049) and overall survival (OS) (P=0.012) in advanced NSCLC patients treated with first-line platinum-based chemotherapy. However, no association between the BMI1 mRNA level and response to chemotherapy was found (P=0.21). Multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression analysis showed elevated BMI1 mRNA level in whole blood was an independent prognostic factor for longer PFS (P=0.012) and OS (P<0.001). In conclusion, BMI1 mRNA expression in whole blood might represent a new biomarker for the diagnosis and prognosis of NSCLC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Koren
- University Clinic Golnik, Golnik, Slovenia
| | | | - Eva Sodja
- University Clinic Golnik, Golnik, Slovenia
| | | | - Aleksander Sadikov
- University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Computer and Information Science, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Viljem Kovac
- Institute of Oncology Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Molecular Detection of EMT Markers in Circulating Tumor Cells from Metastatic Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Patients: Potential Role in Clinical Practice. Anal Cell Pathol (Amst) 2018; 2018:3506874. [PMID: 29682444 PMCID: PMC5848062 DOI: 10.1155/2018/3506874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2017] [Revised: 11/03/2017] [Accepted: 12/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the most common cause of cancer-related mortality; nevertheless, there are few data regarding detection of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) in NSCLC, compared to other kinds of cancers in which their prognostic roles have already been defined. This difference is likely due to detection methods based on the epithelial marker expression which ignore CTCs undergoing epithelial-mesenchymal transition (CTCsEMT). Methods After optimization of the test with spiking experiments of A549 cells undergoing TGF-β1-induced EMT (A549EMT), the CTCsEMT were enriched by immunomagnetic depletion of leukocytes and then characterized by a RT-PCR assay based on the retrieval of epithelial and EMT-related genes. Blood samples from ten metastatic NSCLC patients before starting treatment and during chemotherapy were used to test this approach by longitudinal monitoring. Ten age- and sex-matched healthy subjects were also enrolled as controls. Results Recovery experiments of spiked A549EMT cells showed that the RT-PCR assay is a reliable method for detection of CTCsEMT. CTCsEMT were detected in three patients at baseline and in six patients after four cycles of cysplatin-based chemotherapy. Longitudinal monitoring of three patients showed that the CTCsEMT detection is related to poor therapeutic response. Conclusions The RT-PCR-based approach for the evaluation of CTCsEMT phenotype could be a promising and inexpensive tool to predict the prognosis and the therapeutic response in NSCLC patients.
Collapse
|
11
|
Xiao J, Lu X, Chen X, Zou Y, Liu A, Li W, He B, He S, Chen Q. Eight potential biomarkers for distinguishing between lung adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma. Oncotarget 2017; 8:71759-71771. [PMID: 29069744 PMCID: PMC5641087 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.17606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2017] [Accepted: 03/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung adenocarcinoma (LADC) and squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) are the most common non-small cell lung cancer histological phenotypes. Accurate diagnosis distinguishing between these two lung cancer types has clinical significance. For this study, we analyzed four Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) datasets (GSE28571, GSE37745, GSE43580, and GSE50081). We then imported the datasets into the Gene-Cloud of Biotechnology Information online platform to identify genes differentially expressed in LADC and LSCC. We identified DSG3 (desmoglein 3), KRT5 (keratin 5), KRT6A (keratin 6A), KRT6B (keratin 6B), NKX2-1 (NK2 homeobox 1), SFTA2 (surfactant associated 2), SFTA3 (surfactant associated 3), and TMC5 (transmembrane channel-like 5) as potential biomarkers for distinguishing between LADC and LSCC. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis suggested that KRT5 had the highest diagnostic value for discriminating between these two cancer types. Using the PrognoScan online survival analysis tool and the Kaplan-Meier Plotter, we found that high KRT6A or KRT6B levels, or low NKX2-1, SFTA3, or TMC5 levels correlated with unfavorable prognoses in LADC patients. Further studies will be needed to verify our findings in additional patient samples, and to elucidate the mechanisms of action of these potential biomarkers in non-small cell lung cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jian Xiao
- Department of Geriatrics, Respiratory Medicine, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Lu
- Department of Geriatrics, Respiratory Medicine, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Xi Chen
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Yong Zou
- Department of Geriatrics, Respiratory Medicine, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Aibin Liu
- Department of Geriatrics, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Geriatrics, Clinical Laboratory, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Bixiu He
- Department of Geriatrics, Respiratory Medicine, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Shuya He
- Department of Biochemistry & Biology, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China
| | - Qiong Chen
- Department of Geriatrics, Respiratory Medicine, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Tekpli X, Skaug V, Bæra R, Phillips DH, Haugen A, Mollerup S. Estrogen receptor expression and gene promoter methylation in non-small cell lung cancer - a short report. Cell Oncol (Dordr) 2016; 39:583-589. [PMID: 27572263 DOI: 10.1007/s13402-016-0295-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE In the past, anomalous estrogen receptor (ER) regulation has been associated with various lung pathologies, but so far its involvement in lung cancer initiation and/or progression has remained unclear. Here, we aimed at assessing in vivo and in vitro ER expression and its possible epigenetic regulation in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) samples and their corresponding normal tissues and cells. METHODS ERα and ERβ gene expression levels were assessed using real time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR), whereas ERα and ERβ gene promoter methylation levels were assessed using DNA bisulfite conversion followed by pyrosequencing. We included NSCLC (n = 87) and adjacent histologically normal lung tissue samples from lung cancer patients (n = 184), primary normal bronchial epithelial-derived cell cultures (n = 11), immortalized bronchial epithelial-derived cell lines (n = 3) and NSCLC derived cell lines (n = 9). RESULTS Using RT-qPCR we found significantly lower ERα and ERβ expression levels in the NSCLC tissue samples compared to their normal adjacent tissue samples. These lower ER expression levels were confirmed in vitro using primary normal bronchial epithelial-derived cell cultures, immortalized bronchial epithelial-derived cell lines and NSCLC-derived cell lines. By using this latter panel of cells, we found that ER gene promoter hypermethylation was associated with decreased ER expression. In addition we found that in tumor and normal lung tissues, smoking was associated with decreased ER expression and that normal lung tissues with a low ERβ expression level exhibited increased smoking-related DNA adducts. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, our results indicate that decreased ER expression mediated by DNA methylation may play a role in NSCLC development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xavier Tekpli
- Section for Toxicology and Biological Working Environment, Department of Biological and Chemical Working Environment, National Institute of Occupational Health, PO box 8149, Dep., Gydas vei 8, N-0033, Oslo, Norway. .,Department of Genetics, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital - The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Vidar Skaug
- Section for Toxicology and Biological Working Environment, Department of Biological and Chemical Working Environment, National Institute of Occupational Health, PO box 8149, Dep., Gydas vei 8, N-0033, Oslo, Norway
| | - Rita Bæra
- Section for Toxicology and Biological Working Environment, Department of Biological and Chemical Working Environment, National Institute of Occupational Health, PO box 8149, Dep., Gydas vei 8, N-0033, Oslo, Norway
| | - David H Phillips
- Analytical and Environmental Sciences, MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, King's College London, Franklin-Wilkins Building, 150 Stamford Street, London, SE1 9NH, UK
| | - Aage Haugen
- Section for Toxicology and Biological Working Environment, Department of Biological and Chemical Working Environment, National Institute of Occupational Health, PO box 8149, Dep., Gydas vei 8, N-0033, Oslo, Norway
| | - Steen Mollerup
- Section for Toxicology and Biological Working Environment, Department of Biological and Chemical Working Environment, National Institute of Occupational Health, PO box 8149, Dep., Gydas vei 8, N-0033, Oslo, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Saisongkorh V, Maiuthed A, Chanvorachote P. Nitric oxide increases the migratory activity of non-small cell lung cancer cells via AKT-mediated integrin αv and β1 upregulation. Cell Oncol (Dordr) 2016; 39:449-462. [PMID: 27376838 DOI: 10.1007/s13402-016-0287-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/21/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previously, nitric oxide (NO) has been found to affect the metastatic behavior of various types of cancer. In addition, it has been found that alterations in integrin expression may have profound effects on cancer cell survival and migration. Here, we aimed at assessing the effects of non-toxic concentrations of NO on human non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells, including the expression of integrins and the migration of these cells. METHODS The cytotoxic and proliferative effects of NO on human NSCLC-derived H460, H292 and H23 cells were tested by MTT assay. The migration capacities of these cells was evaluated by wound healing and transwell migration assays. The expression of integrins and migration-associated proteins was determined by Western blot analyses. RESULTS We found that NO treatment caused a significant increase in the expression of integrin αv and β1 in all three NSCLC-derived cell lines tested. Known migration-associated proteins acting downstream of these integrins, including focal adhesion kinase (FAK), active RhoA (Rho-GTP) and active cell division control 42 (Cdc42-GTP), were found to be significantly activated in response to NO. In addition, we found that NO-treated cells showed an increased motility and that this motility was associated with a significant increase in the number of filopodia per cell. We also found that NO-treated cells exhibited increased active protein kinase G (PKG), protein kinase B (AKT) and FAK expression levels. Using a pharmacological approach, we found that the integrin-modulating effect of NO is most likely brought about by a PKG/AKT-dependent mechanism, since the observed changes in integrin expression were abolished by AKT inhibitors, but not by FAK inhibitors. CONCLUSION Our data suggest a novel role of NO in the regulation of integrin expression and, concomitantly, the migratory capacity of NSCLC cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vhudhipong Saisongkorh
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Pathumwan, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand.,Cell-based Drug and Health Products Development Research Unit, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Arnatchai Maiuthed
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Pathumwan, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand.,Cell-based Drug and Health Products Development Research Unit, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Pithi Chanvorachote
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Pathumwan, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand. .,Cell-based Drug and Health Products Development Research Unit, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
MiR-613 induces cell cycle arrest by targeting CDK4 in non-small cell lung cancer. Cell Oncol (Dordr) 2016; 39:139-47. [DOI: 10.1007/s13402-015-0262-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/02/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
|