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Korelin K, Oostveen M, Wahbi W, Ianevski F, Cavalcante B, Turunen L, Belevich I, Al-Samadi A, Salo T. Evaluation of BH3 mimetics as a combination therapy with irradiation in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 175:116719. [PMID: 38749173 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Revised: 05/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/03/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is a common cancer with a five-year survival rate around 60%, indicating a need for new treatments. BH3 mimetics are small molecules that inhibit anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 family proteins, resulting in apoptosis induction. METHODS We performed a high-throughput screen using a Myogel matrix to identify the synergy between irradiation and the novel BH3 mimetics A-1155463, A-1331852, and navitoclax in 12 HNSCC cell lines, normal (NOF) and cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAF), and dysplastic keratinocytes (ODA). Next, we examined synergy in an apoptosis assay, followed by a clonogenic assay and a Myogel spheroid on selected HNSCC cell lines. Finally, we applied zebrafish larvae xenograft to validate the effects of navitoclax and A-1331852. RESULTS All three BH3 mimetics exhibited a strong synergy with irradiation in eight HNSCC cell lines and ODAs, but not in NOFs and CAFs. A-1155463 and A-1331852 induced apoptosis and reduced proliferation, and together with irradiation, significantly increased apoptosis and arrested proliferation. A-1331852 and navitoclax significantly decreased the clonogenicity compared with the control, and combination treatment led to a decreased clonogenicity compared with monotherapy or irradiation. However, unlike navitoclax or A-1155463, only A-1331852 significantly reduced cancer cell invasion. Furthermore, in spheroid and zebrafish, irradiation appeared ineffective and failed to significantly increase the drug effect. In the zebrafish, A-1331852 and navitoclax significantly reduced the tumor area and metastasis. CONCLUSIONS Our findings encourage the further preclinical investigation of BH3 mimetics, particularly A-1331852, as a single agent or combined with irradiation as a treatment for HNSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katja Korelin
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki, Helsinki 00014, Finland; Translational Immunology Research Program (TRIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki 00014, Finland.
| | - Mayke Oostveen
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki, Helsinki 00014, Finland
| | - Wafa Wahbi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki, Helsinki 00014, Finland; Translational Immunology Research Program (TRIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki 00014, Finland
| | - Filipp Ianevski
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki 00290, Finland
| | - Bruno Cavalcante
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki, Helsinki 00014, Finland; Gonçalo Moniz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (IGM-FIOCRUZ/BA), Salvador 40296-710, Brazil; Department of Pathology and Forensic Medicine, School of Medicine, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador 40110-909, Brazil
| | - Laura Turunen
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki 00290, Finland
| | - Ilya Belevich
- Electron Microscopy Unit, Institute of Biotechnology, Helsinki Institute of Life Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki 00014, Finland
| | - Ahmed Al-Samadi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki, Helsinki 00014, Finland; Translational Immunology Research Program (TRIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki 00014, Finland; Institute of Dentistry, School of Medicine, Kuopio Campus, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Tuula Salo
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki, Helsinki 00014, Finland; Translational Immunology Research Program (TRIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki 00014, Finland; Cancer and Translational Medicine Research Unit, University of Oulu, Oulu 90014, Finland; Medical Research Center, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu 90220, Finland; Department of Pathology, Helsinki University Hospital (HUS), Helsinki 00029, Finland
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2
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Zhang Z, Liu S. The interaction between ASF1B and TLK1 promotes the malignant progression of low-grade glioma. Ann Med 2023; 55:1111-1122. [PMID: 36947060 PMCID: PMC10035952 DOI: 10.1080/07853890.2023.2169751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/23/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM Low-grade glioma (LGG), which is the second most frequent adult brain malignancy, severely threatens patients' health and has a high recurrence rate. Histone H3/H4 chaperone anti-silencing function 1 B (ASF1B) has a tight association with the initiation and development of tumours. The expression and regulation mechanism of ASF1B in LGG were discussed. METHODS ASF1B expression in LGG patients as well as the association of ASF1B with overall survival and disease-free survival of LGG patients were predicted by GEPIA database. The independent prognostic value of ASF1B in LGG patients was investigated by TCGA database. RT-qPCR, together with western blot was applied for the assessment of ASF1B in LGG cell lines. After ASF1B expression was inhibited, CCK8 and colony formation assays judged cell proliferation. Flow cytometry analysis and TUNEL assay appraised cell cycle as well as apoptosis. Cell migratory and invasive capacities were measured by wound healing as well as Transwell assays. Western blot tested the expression of proliferation-, cycle-, apoptosis-, and metastasis-associated proteins. STRING and GeneMANIA database predicted the relationship between ASF1B and tousled-like kinase 1 (TLK1). ChIP assay testified the affinity of ASF1B with TLK1. Subsequently, TLK1 was overexpressed and ASF1B expression interfered, and the functional assays were executed. RESULTS ASF1B was discovered to be increased in LGG tissues and cells and indicates an unfavourable prognosis for LGG patients. ASF1B was not an independent prognostic factor for LGG. ASF1B deficiency obstructed the proliferation, cell cycle as well as metastasis of LGG cells, and induced cell death, which might be realized through the interaction with TLK1. CONCLUSION The interaction between ASF1B and TLK1 promoted the malignant progression of LGG.Key messagesTLK1 interacts with ASF1B.Interference with ASF1B inhibits the proliferative, invasive and migratory capabilities and induces the cycle arrest, along with the apoptosis of LGG cells.The interaction between ASF1B and TLK1 promotes the malignant progression of LGG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zifa Zhang
- Neurosurgery Department, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Taiyuan, Shanxi, P. R. China
- Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Taiyuan, Shanxi, P. R. China
| | - Shuming Liu
- Emergency Department, Taiyuan People's Hospital, Taiyuan, Shanxi, P. R. China
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Jiao F, Andrianov AM, Wang L, Furs KV, Gonchar AV, Wang Q, Xu W, Lu L, Xia S, Tuzikov AV, Jiang S. Repurposing Navitoclax to block SARS-CoV-2 fusion and entry by targeting heptapeptide repeat sequence 1 in S2 protein. J Med Virol 2023; 95:e29145. [PMID: 37804480 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.29145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/09/2023]
Abstract
Along with the long pandemic of COVID-19 caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has come the dilemma of emerging viral variants of concern (VOC), particularly Omicron and its subvariants, able to deftly escape immune surveillance and the otherwise protective effect of current vaccines and antibody drugs. We previously identified a peptide-based pan-CoV fusion inhibitor, termed as EK1, able to bind the HR1 region in viral spike (S) protein S2 subunit. This effectively blocked formation of the six-helix bundle (6-HB) fusion core and, thus, showed efficacy against all human coronaviruses (HCoVs). EK1 is now in phase 3 clinical trials. However, the peptide drug generally lacks oral availability. Therefore, we herein performed a structure-based virtual screening of the libraries of biologically active molecules and identified nine candidate compounds. One is Navitoclax, an orally active anticancer drug by inhibition of Bcl-2. Like EK1 peptide, it could bind HR1 and block 6-HB formation, efficiently inhibiting fusion and infection of all SARS-CoV-2 variants tested, as well as SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV, with IC50 values ranging from 0.5 to 3.7 μM. These findings suggest that Navitoclax is a promising repurposed drug candidate for development as a safe and orally available broad-spectrum antiviral drug to combat the current SARS-CoV-2 and its variants, as well as other HCoVs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanke Jiao
- Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology (MOE/NHC/CAMS), Shanghai Institute of Infectious Disease and Biosecurity, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Pathogenic Microbes and Infection, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Alexander M Andrianov
- Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Minsk, Belarus
| | - Lijue Wang
- Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology (MOE/NHC/CAMS), Shanghai Institute of Infectious Disease and Biosecurity, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Pathogenic Microbes and Infection, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Konstantin V Furs
- United Institute of Informatics Problems, National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Minsk, Belarus
| | - Anna V Gonchar
- United Institute of Informatics Problems, National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Minsk, Belarus
| | - Qian Wang
- Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology (MOE/NHC/CAMS), Shanghai Institute of Infectious Disease and Biosecurity, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Pathogenic Microbes and Infection, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Xu
- Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology (MOE/NHC/CAMS), Shanghai Institute of Infectious Disease and Biosecurity, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Pathogenic Microbes and Infection, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lu Lu
- Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology (MOE/NHC/CAMS), Shanghai Institute of Infectious Disease and Biosecurity, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Pathogenic Microbes and Infection, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuai Xia
- Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology (MOE/NHC/CAMS), Shanghai Institute of Infectious Disease and Biosecurity, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Pathogenic Microbes and Infection, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Alexander V Tuzikov
- United Institute of Informatics Problems, National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Minsk, Belarus
| | - Shibo Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology (MOE/NHC/CAMS), Shanghai Institute of Infectious Disease and Biosecurity, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Pathogenic Microbes and Infection, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Zhou X, Zhang H, Duan Y, Zhu J, Dai H. m6A-related long noncoding RNAs predict prognosis and indicate therapeutic response in endometrial carcinoma. J Clin Lab Anal 2022; 37:e24813. [PMID: 36525280 PMCID: PMC9833960 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.24813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND N6-methyladenosine (m6A) has been identified as the most common, abundant, and conserved internal transcriptional modification. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are noncoding RNAs consisting of more than 200 nucleotides, and the expression of various lncRNAs may affect cancer prognosis. The impact of m6A-associated lncRNAs on uterine corpus endometrial carcinoma (UCEC) prognosis is unknown. METHODS In this study, UCEC prognosis-related m6A lncRNAs were screened, bioinformatics analysis was performed, and experimental validation was conducted. Endometrial carcinoma (EC) and normal tissue samples were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas. The prognosis-related m6A lncRNAs screened by the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator method were used for multivariate Cox proportional risk regression modeling. Principal component analysis and Gene Ontology, immune function difference, and drug sensitivity analyses of the prognostic models were performed. Prognostic analysis was conducted for m6A-associated lncRNAs. The immune infiltration relationship of m6A-associated lncRNAs in EC was identified using the ssGSEA immune infiltration algorithm. A competing endogenouse RNA network was constructed using the LncACTdb database. Finally, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) assays were used to validate the differences in m6A-related lncRNA expression in normal and EC cells. RESULTS CDKN2B-AS1 and MIR924HG were found to be risk factors for EC. RAB11B-AS1 was a protective factor in EC patients. MIR924HG expression was upregulated in KLE and RL95-2 endometrial cancer cell lines. Prognostic models involved RAB11B-AS1, LINC01812, HM13-IT1, TPM1-AS, SLC16A1-AS1, LINC01936, and CDKN2B-AS1. The high-risk group was more sensitive to five compounds (ABT.263, ABT.888, AP.24534, ATRA, and AZD.0530) than the low-risk group. CONCLUSION These findings contribute to understanding of the function of m6A-related lncRNAs in UCEC and provide promising therapeutic strategies for UCEC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinying Zhou
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyShanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical CenterShanghaiChina
| | - Hu Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyShanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical CenterShanghaiChina
| | - Yingchun Duan
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyShanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical CenterShanghaiChina
| | - Jianlong Zhu
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyShanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical CenterShanghaiChina
| | - Haiyan Dai
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyShanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical CenterShanghaiChina
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Huang X, Yan P, Ding W, Zhou C, Xu Q, Li M, Ye L, Chen W. α-Pinene inhibits the growth of cervical cancer cells through its proapoptotic activity by regulating the miR-34a-5p/Bcl-2 signaling axis. Drug Dev Res 2022; 83:1766-1776. [PMID: 36074793 DOI: 10.1002/ddr.21994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Revised: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Among gynecological tumors, cervical cancer (CC) has the second-highest prevalence and mortality rate. α-Pinene is a bicyclic monoterpenoid compound extracted from pine needles that carried promising anticancer properties. Nevertheless, its effect on CC and the underlying mechanism has not yet been elucidated. Therefore, we investigated the effect of α-Pinene on apoptosis in CC via in vitro assays of flow cytometry (FCW), terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated nick end labeling (TUNEL) assay, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), and Western blot. Following that, we detected the proapoptotic function of α-Pinene on HeLa cells in vivo by TUNEL assay and immunofluorescence staining. Our results displayed that the α-Pinene inhibited the growth of HeLa cells and stalled the cells in the G0/G1 phase. Interestingly, we also detected that α-Pinene induced HeLa cells to apoptosis. The results investigated that α-Pinene induced HeLa cells apoptosis along with up-regulating the expression of Bax, Bid, caspase-9, caspase-3, miR-34a-5p, and down-regulating the expression of Bcl-2 in vitro. At the same time, the expression levels of target genes in vivo were consistent with those in vitro. Our experiment proved that α-Pinene promoted apoptosis, which will be used to hopefully maximize the therapeutic strategies in clinical studies in CC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaosu Huang
- School of Nursing, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangdong, China
| | - Pei Yan
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangdong, China
| | - Wenqing Ding
- Longgang District Maternity & Child Healthcare Hospital of Shenzhen City, Guangdong, China
| | - Chang Zhou
- School of Life Science and Biopharmaceutics, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangdong, China
| | - Qiuxiang Xu
- School of Life Science and Biopharmaceutics, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangdong, China
| | - Ming Li
- School of Life Science and Biopharmaceutics, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangdong, China
| | - Lianbao Ye
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangdong, China.,Guangdong Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Bioactive Substances, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangdong, China
| | - Weiqiang Chen
- School of Nursing, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangdong, China.,School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangdong, China
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Melo G, Silva CAB, Hague A, Parkinson EK, Rivero ERC. Anticancer effects of putative and validated BH3-mimetic drugs in head and neck squamous cell carcinomas: An overview of current knowledge. Oral Oncol 2022; 132:105979. [PMID: 35816876 DOI: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2022.105979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Revised: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this review was to summarise available literature concerning the anticancer effects of both putative and validated BH3-mimetics in head and neck squamous cell carcinomas. A literature search was performed and studies assessing malignant cell lines, xenograft models, and/or humans were considered eligible. A total of 501 studies were identified, of which 40 were included. One phase-II clinical trial assessing gossypol (combined with docetaxel) was found. The remaining 39 preclinical studies investigated cell lines and/or xenograft models involving the use of six validated BH3-mimetics (A-1210477, A-1331852, ABT-737, navitoclax, S63845, venetoclax) and six putative BH3-mimetics (ApoG2, gossypol, obatoclax, sabutoclax, TW-37, and YC137). In preclinical settings, most validated BH3-mimetics were capable of inducing apoptosis (in-vitro) and tumour growth inhibition (in-vivo). The majority of putative BH3-mimetics were also capable of inducing cell death, although important off-target effects, such as autophagy induction, were also described. Combinations with conventional anticancer drugs, ionising radiation, or multiple BH3-mimetics generally resulted in enhanced anticancer effects, such as increased sensitivity to apoptotic stimuli, especially considering some cell lines that showed resistance to either treatment alone. In conclusion, although clinical data are still insufficient to evaluate the anticancer effects of BH3-mimetics in head and neck squamous cell carcinomas, promising results in preclinical settings were observed concerning induction of cell death and inhibition of tumour growth. Therefore, further clinical trials are highly encouraged.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gilberto Melo
- Postgraduate Program in Dentistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil.
| | - Carolina Amália Barcellos Silva
- Department of Morphological Sciences, Biological Sciences Center, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil.
| | - Angela Hague
- Senior Lecturer, Bristol Dental School, Bristol, United Kingdom.
| | - Eric Kenneth Parkinson
- Centre for Oral Immunobiology and Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Dentistry, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom.
| | - Elena Riet Correa Rivero
- Department of Pathology, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil.
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Peng F, Liao M, Qin R, Zhu S, Peng C, Fu L, Chen Y, Han B. Regulated cell death (RCD) in cancer: key pathways and targeted therapies. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2022; 7:286. [PMID: 35963853 PMCID: PMC9376115 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-022-01110-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 180] [Impact Index Per Article: 90.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Revised: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Regulated cell death (RCD), also well-known as programmed cell death (PCD), refers to the form of cell death that can be regulated by a variety of biomacromolecules, which is distinctive from accidental cell death (ACD). Accumulating evidence has revealed that RCD subroutines are the key features of tumorigenesis, which may ultimately lead to the establishment of different potential therapeutic strategies. Hitherto, targeting the subroutines of RCD with pharmacological small-molecule compounds has been emerging as a promising therapeutic avenue, which has rapidly progressed in many types of human cancers. Thus, in this review, we focus on summarizing not only the key apoptotic and autophagy-dependent cell death signaling pathways, but the crucial pathways of other RCD subroutines, including necroptosis, pyroptosis, ferroptosis, parthanatos, entosis, NETosis and lysosome-dependent cell death (LCD) in cancer. Moreover, we further discuss the current situation of several small-molecule compounds targeting the different RCD subroutines to improve cancer treatment, such as single-target, dual or multiple-target small-molecule compounds, drug combinations, and some new emerging therapeutic strategies that would together shed new light on future directions to attack cancer cell vulnerabilities with small-molecule drugs targeting RCD for therapeutic purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fu Peng
- West China School of Pharmacy, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Minru Liao
- West China School of Pharmacy, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Rui Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Shiou Zhu
- West China School of Pharmacy, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.,Sichuan Engineering Research Center for Biomimetic Synthesis of Natural Drugs, School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031, China
| | - Cheng Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Leilei Fu
- Sichuan Engineering Research Center for Biomimetic Synthesis of Natural Drugs, School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031, China.
| | - Yi Chen
- West China School of Pharmacy, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| | - Bo Han
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China.
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Liao Q, Gao X. Tribbles homolog 3 contributes to high glucose-induced injury in retinal pigment epithelial cells via binding to growth factor receptor-bound 2. Bioengineered 2022; 13:10386-10398. [PMID: 35465829 PMCID: PMC9161919 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2022.2056315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is the most typical complication of diabetes, which severely threatens sight. Tribbles homolog 3 (TRB3), a kind of pseudokinase, is discovered to be highly expressed in diabetes and retinas after retinal detachment. TRB3 expression in human retinal pigment epithelial (hRPE) cells exposed to different concentrations of glucose was tested by RT-qPCR and western blot. Then, cells were induced with 30 mM high glucose (HG) to establish a DR cell model. Following TRB3 knockdown, cell viability estimation employed CCK-8 assay. The mRNA levels of inflammatory factors were detected by RT-qPCR. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) level was measured by DCFH-DA assay, and levels of oxidative stress markers were evaluated applying corresponding kits. Cell apoptosis was assayed by TUNEL assay and western blot. Following, the growth factor receptor-bound 2 (GRB2) expression was also examined by RT-qPCR and western blot. The interaction between TRB3 and GRB2 was verified by Co-IP assay. After GRB2 was overexpressed in HG-induced hRPE cells transfected with shRNA-TRB3, functional experiments were conducted again. The results manifested that TRB3 expression was elevated under HG conditions. Deficiency of TRB3 enhanced the viability while alleviated inflammation, oxidative stress, and apoptosis in HG-induced hRPE cells. GRB2 was also increased in HG-exposed hRPE cells. Moreover, GRB2 had a strong affinity with TRB3 and positively regulated by TRB3. After GRB2 overexpression, the effects of TRB3 knockdown on HG-stimulated hRPE cells were all reversed. Briefly, this study confirmed the promoting role of TRB3/GRB2 axis in the progression of DR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Liao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Chengdu Second People’s Hospital, Chengdu, china
| | - Xuefeng Gao
- College of Management, Beijing Capital Normal University, Beijing
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Scott SC, Anders NM, He P, Hemingway A, Gore SD, Hann CL, Rudek MA. Validation of a robust and rapid liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometric method for the quantitative analysis of navitoclax. Biomed Chromatogr 2022; 36:e5289. [PMID: 34846750 PMCID: PMC8881338 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.5289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Revised: 11/13/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
The Bcl-2 family small molecule inhibitor navitoclax is being clinically evaluated to treat multiple cancers including lymphoid malignancies and small cell lung cancer. A sensitive and reliable method was developed to quantitate navitoclax in human plasma using liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry with which to perform detailed pharmacokinetic studies. Sample preparation involved protein precipitation using acetonitrile. Separation of navitoclax and the internal standard, navitoclax-d8, was achieved with a Waters Acquity UPLC BEH C18 column using isocratic flow over a 3 min total analytical run time. A SCIEX 4500 triple quadrupole mass spectrometer operated in positive electrospray ionization mode was used for the detection of navitoclax. The assay range was 5-5,000 ng/ml and proved to be accurate (89.5-104.9%) and precise (CV ≤ 11%). Long-term frozen plasma stability for navitoclax at -70°C was at least 34 months. The method was applied for the measurement of total plasma concentration of navitoclax in a patient receiving a 250 mg daily oral dose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan C. Scott
- Department of Oncology, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, 1650 Orleans Street, Baltimore, Maryland, 21231 USA,The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Nicole M. Anders
- Department of Oncology, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, 1650 Orleans Street, Baltimore, Maryland, 21231 USA,The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Ping He
- The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Avelina Hemingway
- The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Steven D. Gore
- IDB/CTEP/NCI, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, Maryland
| | - Christine L. Hann
- Department of Oncology, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, 1650 Orleans Street, Baltimore, Maryland, 21231 USA,The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA,Correspondence to: Michelle A. Rudek, PharmD, PhD, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine,1650 Orleans Street, CRB1 Room 1M52, Baltimore, MD 21287, Phone: 443-287-6476, and Christine L. Hann, MD, PhD, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Viragh 8123 Box 6, 201 N. Broadway, Baltimore, MD 21287, Phone: 443-287-6476,
| | - Michelle A. Rudek
- Department of Oncology, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, 1650 Orleans Street, Baltimore, Maryland, 21231 USA,The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA,Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, 1650 Orleans Street, Baltimore, Maryland, 21231 USA,Correspondence to: Michelle A. Rudek, PharmD, PhD, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine,1650 Orleans Street, CRB1 Room 1M52, Baltimore, MD 21287, Phone: 443-287-6476, and Christine L. Hann, MD, PhD, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Viragh 8123 Box 6, 201 N. Broadway, Baltimore, MD 21287, Phone: 443-287-6476,
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V B, Femina T A, Iyengar D, K A, Ravi M. Approaches for Head and Neck Cancer Research - Current Status and the Way Forward. Cancer Invest 2021; 40:151-172. [PMID: 34806936 DOI: 10.1080/07357907.2021.2009850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Head and neck cancers (HNCs) are seeing an increasing trend in their prevalence among both genders and are the seventh most common cancer type occurring at the global level. Studies addressing both the cancer cell physiology and individual differences in response to a specific treatment modality should be understood for arriving at effective treatment and management of the HNCs. In this article, we discuss the trends in HNC research and their various approaches starting from 2D in vitro models, which are the traditional experimental materials to recently established Cancer-Tissue Originated Spheroids (CTOS) distinctly contributing towards personalized or precision medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barghavi V
- Department of Human Genetics, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, India
| | - Arokia Femina T
- Department of Human Genetics, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, India
| | - DivyaSowrirajan Iyengar
- Department of Human Genetics, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, India
| | - Archana K
- Department of Human Genetics, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, India
| | - Maddaly Ravi
- Department of Human Genetics, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, India
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11
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Yeo SG, Lee SJ, Lee JW, Oh S, Park DC. Levels of endoplasmic reticulum stress-related mRNA in peritoneal fluid of patients with endometriosis or gynaecological cancer. J Int Med Res 2021; 49:3000605211065376. [PMID: 34904478 PMCID: PMC8689612 DOI: 10.1177/03000605211065376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare the levels of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-associated mRNAs and the clinical characteristics of patients with endometriosis or gynaecological cancer. METHODS This prospective study obtained intraperitoneal fluid samples from female patients that underwent surgery. The levels of ER stress mRNAs in the peritoneal fluid, including C/EBP-homologous protein (CHOP), X-box binding protein 1 (sXBP1), activating transcription factor 6 (ATF6), immunoglobulin heavy chain-binding protein (BiP), inositol-requiring enzyme 1α (IRE1α) and protein kinase RNA-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase (PERK), were measured using real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction in patients with benign disease without endometriosis (control group), with endometriosis or with gynaecological cancer. RESULTS This study enrolled 126 patients: 46 control patients; 47 with endometriosis; and 33 with cancer. The levels of CHOP and BiP mRNA were significantly higher in the control group compared with the cancer group. Levels of sXBP1 and ATF6 mRNA were significantly higher in the cancer group than in the control and endometriosis groups. In the endometriosis group, ATF6 mRNA level was inversely correlated with age and positively correlated with serum cancer antigen 125 levels; and ATF6 and PERK mRNA levels were inversely correlated with parity. CONCLUSION The levels of ER stress-related mRNAs were related to the pathogenesis of endometriosis and gynaecological cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung Geun Yeo
- East-West Medical Institute, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sung Jong Lee
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Seoul St. Mary's hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ji Woo Lee
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, St. Vincent’s Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Suwon, Korea
| | - Sujung Oh
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, St. Vincent’s Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Suwon, Korea
| | - Dong Choon Park
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, St. Vincent’s Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Suwon, Korea
- Dong Choon Park, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Saint Vincent's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, 93, Jungbu-daero, Paldal-gu, Suwon-si, Gyeonggi-do, 16247, Korea.
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12
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Nor Hisam NS, Ugusman A, Rajab NF, Ahmad MF, Fenech M, Liew SL, Mohamad Anuar NN. Combination Therapy of Navitoclax with Chemotherapeutic Agents in Solid Tumors and Blood Cancer: A Review of Current Evidence. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13091353. [PMID: 34575429 PMCID: PMC8468743 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13091353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2021] [Revised: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Combination therapy emerges as a fundamental scheme in cancer. Many targeted therapeutic agents are developed to be used with chemotherapy or radiation therapy to enhance drug efficacy and reduce toxicity effects. ABT-263, known as navitoclax, mimics the BH3-only proteins of the BCL-2 family and has a high affinity towards pro-survival BCL-2 family proteins (i.e., BCL-XL, BCL-2, BCL-W) to induce cell apoptosis effectively. A single navitoclax action potently ameliorates several tumor progressions, including blood and bone marrow cancer, as well as small cell lung carcinoma. Not only that, but navitoclax alone also therapeutically affects fibrotic disease. Nevertheless, outcomes from the clinical trial of a single navitoclax agent in patients with advanced and relapsed small cell lung cancer demonstrated a limited anti-cancer activity. This brings accumulating evidence of navitoclax to be used concomitantly with other chemotherapeutic agents in several solid and non-solid tumors that are therapeutically benefiting from navitoclax treatment in preclinical studies. Initially, we justify the anti-cancer role of navitoclax in combination therapy. Then, we evaluate the current evidence of navitoclax in combination with the chemotherapeutic agents comprehensively to indicate the primary regulator of this combination strategy in order to produce a therapeutic effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nur Syahidah Nor Hisam
- Programme of Biomedical Science, Centre for Toxicology & Health Risk Studies, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia; (N.S.N.H.); (S.L.L.)
| | - Azizah Ugusman
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia;
| | - Nor Fadilah Rajab
- Center for Healthy Ageing & Wellness, Programme of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia; (N.F.R.); (M.F.)
| | - Mohd Faizal Ahmad
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia;
| | - Michael Fenech
- Center for Healthy Ageing & Wellness, Programme of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia; (N.F.R.); (M.F.)
- Genome Health Foundation, North Brighton, SA 5048, Australia
| | - Sze Ling Liew
- Programme of Biomedical Science, Centre for Toxicology & Health Risk Studies, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia; (N.S.N.H.); (S.L.L.)
| | - Nur Najmi Mohamad Anuar
- Programme of Biomedical Science, Centre for Toxicology & Health Risk Studies, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia; (N.S.N.H.); (S.L.L.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +60-13-3845844
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Xu J, Wu Z, Huang J. Flavopereirine Suppresses the Progression of Human Oral Cancer by Inhibiting the JAK-STAT Signaling Pathway via Targeting LASP1. Drug Des Devel Ther 2021; 15:1705-1716. [PMID: 33935493 PMCID: PMC8076722 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s284213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Flavopereirine has been identified to be a potential anti-cancer agent in several types of human cancer. This study aimed to investigate the anti-cancer activity of flavopereirine in oral cancer. Methods The effect of flavopereirine on cell viability of human oral cancer cell lines (BcaCD885 and Tca8113) was evaluated by MTT assay and colony formation assay. Cell apoptosis and cell cycle distribution were detected by flow cytometry. Cell invasion and migration were evaluated by Transwell assay. The expression of LASP1, JAK2, p-JAK2, STST3, p-STST3, STST5 and p-STST5 was evaluated by qRT-PCR and Western blot. In addition, the xenograft mouse model was constructed to determine the anti-cancer role of flavopereirine in vivo. Results Flavopereirine significantly inhibited cell proliferation, invasion, migration and EMT process of BcaCD885 and Tca8113 cells, while promoted cell apoptosis in vitro. Flavopereirine markedly decreased the expression levels of p-JAK2, p-STST3 and p-STST5, while increased the expression levels of LASP1. In addition, downregulation of LASP1 significantly increased the expression levels of p-JAK2, p-STAT3 and p-STAT5 compared with si-NC in BcaCD885 cells. Moreover, flavopereirine was found to decrease tumor weight and volume of xenograft tumors in vivo. Conclusion Flavopereirine inhibited the progression of oral cancer through inactivating the JAK/STAT signaling pathway by upregulating LASP1, suggesting that flavopereirine might be a potential anti-cancer agent for oral cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junwu Xu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou City, Fujian Province, 350001, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiyuan Wu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou City, Fujian Province, 350001, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Huang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou City, Fujian Province, 350001, People's Republic of China
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Yu R, Lu Y, Yu R, Xie J, Zhou S. Synergistic Effects of TW-37 and ABT-263 on Renal Cell Carcinoma Cells. Cancer Manag Res 2021; 13:953-963. [PMID: 33568941 PMCID: PMC7868206 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s265788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is a common urological system malignancy lack of effective therapeutic options. Upregulation of the Bcl-2 proteins was correlated with poor prognosis of RCC, suggesting that BH-3 mimetics may be a promising treatment option. ABT-263 is a BH3 mimetic that possesses anti-tumor effects. TW-37 is another inhibitor of Bcl-2 family protein with potential anti-tumor activities. However, since their effect as single agent is limited, combination treatment represents a strategy to improve the efficiency. We studied the ABT-263 in combination with TW-37 and analyzed the molecular mechanisms of action in RCC cells. Methods MTT and colony formation assays were used to measure the proliferation of RCC cells. Transwell assay was used to assay the migration and invasion of RCC cells. Cell cycle distribution and apoptosis were measured using the flow cytometry and apoptotic nucleosome assay, respectively. Western blotting was performed to measure the change of proteins. The anti-tumor effects of ABT-263, TW-37 and their combination were also evaluated in vivo. Results Cotreatment of TW-37 and ABT-263 synergistically repressed the proliferation of RCC cells. TW-37 and ABT-263 also synergistically inhibited the migration and invasion of RCC cells It was also showed that TW-37 and ABT-263 synergistically induced cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase. Furthermore, increased apoptosis was observed after exposure to TW-37 and ABT-263. Mechanism investigation showed that TW-37 and ABT-263 synergistically induced apoptosis via the mitochondrial pathway and relied on the activation of Bax and caspases. Furthermore, ERK signaling pathway activation was detected after treated with TW-37 and ABT-263. Finally, TW-37 and ABT-263 also synergistically repressed the growth of RCC cells in xenograft mice. Conclusion In summary, our data demonstrated that combined treatment with TW-37 and ABT-263 exhibited synergistic RCC cell death and this combination may be applied as an effective therapeutic strategy against RCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Yu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Medical School of Ningbo University, Ningbo, People's Republic of China
| | - Yefen Lu
- Department of Neurology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui, People's Republic of China
| | - Ren Yu
- Department of Urology, Ningbo Urology and Nephrology Hospital, Ningbo, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianjun Xie
- Suzhou Science & Technology Town Hospital, The Affiliated Suzhou Science & Technology Town Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Shoujun Zhou
- Suzhou Science & Technology Town Hospital, The Affiliated Suzhou Science & Technology Town Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
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15
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Pan Y, Zhao S, Chen F. The potential value of dequalinium chloride in the treatment of cancer: Focus on malignant glioma. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2021; 48:445-454. [PMID: 33496065 DOI: 10.1111/1440-1681.13466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Dequalinium chloride has been known as one kind of antibiotic that displays a broad antimicrobial spectrum and has been clinically proven to be very safe. In recent years, studies have shown that dequalinium chloride can inhibit the growth of malignant tumours, and reports were mainly used for solid tumours. Glioblastoma is the most common malignant neuroepithelial tumour of the central nervous system in adults, and the prognosis of glioblastoma is poor as it has a high resistance to apoptosis. This review summarizes the current understanding of dequalinium chloride-induced cancer cell apoptosis and its potential role in glioblastoma resistance and progression. Particularly, we focus on dequalinium chloride as it exerts a wide range of anti-cancer activity through its ability to target and accumulate in the mitochondria, and it effectively inhibits the growth of glioblastoma cells in vitro and vivo. Dequalinium chloride is an inhibitor of XIAP and can also act as a mitochondrial targeting agent, which gives it an interesting perspective regarding recent advances in the treatment of malignant glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuehai Pan
- Department of Hand and foot surgery, The affiliated hospital of QingDao university, ShangDong, China
| | - Shuai Zhao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Bonn University, Bonn, Germany
| | - Fan Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, The affiliated hospital of QingDao university, ShangDong, China
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16
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Mohamad Anuar NN, Nor Hisam NS, Liew SL, Ugusman A. Clinical Review: Navitoclax as a Pro-Apoptotic and Anti-Fibrotic Agent. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:564108. [PMID: 33381025 PMCID: PMC7768911 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.564108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
B-cell lymphoma 2 (BCL-2) family proteins primarily work as a programmed cell death regulator, whereby multiple interactions between them determine cell survival. This explains the two major classes of BCL-2 proteins which are anti-apoptotic and pro-apoptotic proteins. The anti-apoptotic proteins are attractive targets for BCL-2 family inhibitors, which result in the augmentation of the intrinsic apoptotic pathway. BCL-2 family inhibitors have been studied extensively for novel targeted therapies in various cancer types, fibrotic diseases, aging-related as well as autoimmune diseases. Navitoclax is one of them and it has been discovered to have a high affinity toward BCL-2 anti-apoptotic proteins, including BCL-2, BCL-W and B-cell lymphoma-extra-large. Navitoclax has been demonstrated as a single agent or in combination with other drugs to successfully ameliorate tumor progression and fibrosis development. To date, navitoclax has entered phase I and phase II clinical studies. Navitoclax alone potently treats small cell lung cancer and acute lymphocytic leukemia, whilst in combination therapy for solid tumors, it enhances the therapeutic effect of other chemotherapeutic agents. A low platelet count has always associated with single navitoclax treatments, though this effect is tolerable. Moreover, the efficacy of navitoclax is determined by the expression of several BCL-2 family members. Here, we elucidate the complex mechanisms of navitoclax as a pro-apoptotic agent, and review the early and current clinical studies of navitoclax alone as well as with other drugs. Additionally, some suggestions on the development of navitoclax clinical studies are presented in the future prospects section.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nur Najmi Mohamad Anuar
- Programme of Biomedical Science, Centre for Toxicology & Health Risk Studies, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Nur Syahidah Nor Hisam
- Programme of Biomedical Science, Centre for Toxicology & Health Risk Studies, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Sze Ling Liew
- Programme of Biomedical Science, Centre for Toxicology & Health Risk Studies, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Azizah Ugusman
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Cheras, Malaysia
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Ahn CH, Lee WW, Jung YC, Shin JA, Hong KO, Choi S, Swarup N, Kim J, Ahn MH, Jung M, Cho SD, Jin B. Antitumor effect of TW-37, a BH3 mimetic in human oral cancer. Lab Anim Res 2019; 35:27. [PMID: 32257914 PMCID: PMC7081630 DOI: 10.1186/s42826-019-0028-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2019] [Accepted: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
TW-37 is a small molecule B cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) homology 3 mimetic with potential anticancer activities. However, the in vivo anti-cancer effect of TW-37 in human oral cancer has not been properly studied yet. Here, we attempted to confirm antitumor activity of TW37 in human oral cancer. TW-37 significantly inhibited cell proliferation and increased the number of dead cells in MC-3 and HSC-3 human oral cancer cell lines. TW-37 enhanced apoptosis of both cell lines evidenced by annexin V/propidium iodide double staining, sub-G1 population analysis and the detection of cleaved poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase and caspase-3. In addition, TW-37 markedly downregulated the expression of Bcl-2 protein, while not affecting Bcl-xL or myeloid cell leukemia-1. In vivo, TW-37 inhibited tumor growth in a nude mice xenograft model without any significant liver and kidney toxicities. Collectively, these data reveal that TW-37 may be a promising small molecule to inhibit human oral cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi-Hyun Ahn
- 1Department of Oral Pathology, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, 03080 Republic of Korea
| | - Won Woo Lee
- 2Laboratory Animal Center, CHA University, CHA Biocomplex, Sampyeong-dong, Seongnam, 13488 Republic of Korea
| | - Yun Chan Jung
- Chaon, 301-3, 240, Pangyoyeok-ro, Bundang-gu, Seongnam, 13493 Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Ae Shin
- 1Department of Oral Pathology, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, 03080 Republic of Korea
| | - Kyoung-Ok Hong
- 1Department of Oral Pathology, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, 03080 Republic of Korea
| | - Sujung Choi
- 1Department of Oral Pathology, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, 03080 Republic of Korea
| | - Neeti Swarup
- 1Department of Oral Pathology, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, 03080 Republic of Korea
| | - Jihoon Kim
- 1Department of Oral Pathology, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, 03080 Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Hye Ahn
- 1Department of Oral Pathology, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, 03080 Republic of Korea
| | - Minjung Jung
- 1Department of Oral Pathology, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, 03080 Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Dae Cho
- 1Department of Oral Pathology, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, 03080 Republic of Korea
| | - Bohwan Jin
- 2Laboratory Animal Center, CHA University, CHA Biocomplex, Sampyeong-dong, Seongnam, 13488 Republic of Korea
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