1
|
Srivastava A, Ahmad R, Yadav K, Siddiqui S, Trivedi A, Misra A, Mehrotra S, Ahmad B, Ali Khan M. An update on existing therapeutic options and status of novel anti-metastatic agents in breast cancer: Elucidating the molecular mechanisms underlying the pleiotropic action of Withania somnifera (Indian ginseng) in breast cancer attenuation. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 136:112232. [PMID: 38815352 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.112232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Revised: 04/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
Major significant advancements in pharmacology and drug technology have been made to heighten the impact of cancer therapies, improving the life expectancy of subjects diagnosed with malignancy. Statistically, 99% of breast cancers occur in women while 0.5-1% occur in men, the female gender being the strongest breast cancer risk factor. Despite several breakthroughs, breast cancer continues to have a worldwide impact and is one of the leading causes of mortality. Additionally, resistance to therapy is a crucial factor enabling cancer cell persistence and resurgence. As a result, the search and discovery of novel modulatory agents and effective therapies capable of controlling tumor progression and cancer cell proliferation is critical. Withania somnifera (L.) Dunal (WS), commonly known as Indian ginseng, has long been used traditionally for the treatment of several ailments in the Indian context. Recently, WS and its phytoconstituents have shown promising anti-breast cancer properties and, as such, can be employed as prophylactic as well as therapeutic adjuncts to the main line of breast cancer treatment. The present review is an attempt to explore and provide experimental evidences in support of the prophylactic and therapeutic potential of WS in breast cancer, along with a deeper insight into the multiple molecular mechanisms and novel targets through which it acts against breast and other hormonally-induced cancers viz. ovarian, uterine and cervical. This exploration might prove crucial in providing better understanding of breast cancer progression and metastasis and its use as an adjunct in improving disease prognosis and therapeutic outcome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aditi Srivastava
- Dept. of Biochemistry, Era's Lucknow Medical College and Hospital, Era University, Sarfarazganj, Hardoi Road, Lucknow 226003, UP., India.
| | - Rumana Ahmad
- Dept. of Biochemistry, Era's Lucknow Medical College and Hospital, Era University, Sarfarazganj, Hardoi Road, Lucknow 226003, UP., India.
| | - Kusum Yadav
- Dept. of Biochemistry, University of Lucknow, Lucknow 226007, UP., India.
| | - Sahabjada Siddiqui
- Dept. of Biotechnology, Era's Lucknow Medical College & Hospital, Era University, Sarfarazganj, Hardoi Road, Lucknow 226003, UP., India.
| | - Anchal Trivedi
- Dept. of Biochemistry, Era's Lucknow Medical College and Hospital, Era University, Sarfarazganj, Hardoi Road, Lucknow 226003, UP., India.
| | - Aparna Misra
- Dept. of Biochemistry, Era's Lucknow Medical College and Hospital, Era University, Sarfarazganj, Hardoi Road, Lucknow 226003, UP., India.
| | - Sudhir Mehrotra
- Dept. of Biochemistry, University of Lucknow, Lucknow 226007, UP., India.
| | - Bilal Ahmad
- Research Cell, Era University, Sarfarazganj, Hardoi Road, Lucknow 226003, UP., India.
| | - Mohsin Ali Khan
- Dept. of Research & Development, Era University, Lucknow 226003, UP., India.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Bai C, Lv Y, Xiong S, Wu S, Qi L, Ren S, Zhu M, Dong H, Shen H, Li Z, Zhu Y, Ye H, Hao H, Xiao Y, Xiang H, Luo G. X-ray crystallography study and optimization of novel benzothiophene analogs as potent selective estrogen receptor covalent antagonists (SERCAs) with improved potency and safety profiles. Bioorg Chem 2023; 141:106919. [PMID: 37871388 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2023.106919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
Endocrine therapy (ET) is a well-validated strategy for estrogen receptor α positive (ERα + ) breast cancer therapy. Despite the clinical success of current standard of care (SoC), endocrine-resistance inevitably emerges and remains a significant medical challenge. Herein, we describe the structural optimization and evaluation of a new series of selective estrogen receptor covalent antagonists (SERCAs) based on benzothiophene scaffold. Among them, compounds 15b and 39d were identified as two highly potent covalent antagonists, which exhibits superior antiproliferation activity than positive controls against MCF-7 cells and shows high selectivity over ERα negative (ERα-) cells. More importantly, their mode of covalent engagement at Cys530 residue was accurately illustrated by a cocrystal structure of 15b-bound ERαY537S (PDB ID: 7WNV) and intact mass spectrometry, respectively. Further in vivo studies demonstrated potent antitumor activity in MCF-7 xenograft mouse model and an improved safety profile. Collectively, these compounds could be promising candidates for future development of the next generation SERCAs for endocrine-resistant ERα + breast cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chengfeng Bai
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China; Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Yang Lv
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Shuangshuang Xiong
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China; Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Shuangjie Wu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China; Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Lin Qi
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China; Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Shengnan Ren
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China; Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Meiqi Zhu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China; Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Haijuan Dong
- The Public Laboratory Platform, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Hongtao Shen
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Zhaoxing Li
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Yinxue Zhu
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Hui Ye
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Haiping Hao
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China; State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Yibei Xiao
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China; State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
| | - Hua Xiang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China; Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China; State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
| | - Guoshun Luo
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China; Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Pulya S, Himaja A, Paul M, Adhikari N, Banerjee S, Routholla G, Biswas S, Jha T, Ghosh B. Selective HDAC3 Inhibitors with Potent In Vivo Antitumor Efficacy against Triple-Negative Breast Cancer. J Med Chem 2023; 66:12033-12058. [PMID: 37660352 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.3c00614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
HDAC3 modulation shows promise for breast cancer, including triple-negative cases. Novel pyrazino-hydrazide-based HDAC3 inhibitors were designed and synthesized. Lead compound 4i exhibited potent HDAC3 inhibition (IC50 = 14 nM) with at least 121-fold selectivity. It demonstrated strong cytotoxicity against triple-negative breast cancer cells (IC50: 0.55 μM for 4T1, 0.74 μM for MDA-MB-231) with least normal cell toxicity. Metabolically stable 4i displayed a superior pharmacokinetic profile. A dose-dependent therapeutic efficacy of 4i was observed in a tumor-bearing mouse model. The biomarker analysis with tumor tissues displayed enhanced acetylation on Ac-H3K9, Ac-H3K27, and Ac-H4K12 compared to Ac-tubulin and Ac-SMC3 indicating HDAC3 selectivity of 4i in vivo. The immunoblotting study with tumor tissue showed upregulation of apoptotic proteins caspase-3, caspase-7, and cytochrome c and the downregulation of proliferation markers Bcl-2, CD44, EGFR, and Ki-67. Compound 4i represents a promising candidate for targeted breast cancer therapy, particularly for cases with triple-negative breast cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sravani Pulya
- Epigenetic Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science-Pilani Hyderabad Campus, Shamirpet, Hyderabad 500078, India
| | - Ambati Himaja
- Epigenetic Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science-Pilani Hyderabad Campus, Shamirpet, Hyderabad 500078, India
| | - Milan Paul
- Nanomedicine Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science-Pilani Hyderabad Campus, Shamirpet, Hyderabad 500078, India
| | - Nilanjan Adhikari
- Natural Science Laboratory, Division of Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, P.O. Box 17020, Kolkata, West Bengal 700032, India
| | - Suvankar Banerjee
- Natural Science Laboratory, Division of Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, P.O. Box 17020, Kolkata, West Bengal 700032, India
| | - Ganesh Routholla
- Epigenetic Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science-Pilani Hyderabad Campus, Shamirpet, Hyderabad 500078, India
| | - Swati Biswas
- Nanomedicine Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science-Pilani Hyderabad Campus, Shamirpet, Hyderabad 500078, India
| | - Tarun Jha
- Natural Science Laboratory, Division of Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, P.O. Box 17020, Kolkata, West Bengal 700032, India
| | - Balaram Ghosh
- Epigenetic Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science-Pilani Hyderabad Campus, Shamirpet, Hyderabad 500078, India
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Zhou J, Zhu M, Wang Q, Deng Y, Liu N, Liu Y, Liu Q. SERPINA3-ANKRD11-HDAC3 pathway induced aromatase inhibitor resistance in breast cancer can be reversed by HDAC3 inhibition. Commun Biol 2023; 6:695. [PMID: 37414914 PMCID: PMC10326080 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-023-05065-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Endocrine resistance is a major challenge for breast cancer therapy. To identify the genes pivotal for endocrine-resistance progression, we screened five datasets and found 7 commonly dysregulated genes in endocrine-resistant breast cancer cells. Here we show that downregulation of serine protease inhibitor clade A member 3 (SERPINA3) which is a direct target gene of estrogen receptor α contributes to aromatase inhibitor resistance. Ankyrin repeat domain containing 11 (ANKRD11) works as a downstream effector of SERPINA3 in mediating endocrine-resistance. It induces aromatase inhibitor insensitivity by interacting with histone deacetylase 3 (HDAC3) and upregulating its activity. Our study suggests that aromatase inhibitor therapy downregulates SERPINA3 and leads to the ensuing upregulation of ANKRD11, which in turn promotes aromatase inhibitor resistance via binding to and activating HDAC3. HDAC3 inhibition may reverse the aromatase inhibitor resistance in ER-positive breast cancer with decreased SERPINA3 and increased ANKRD11 expression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhou
- Breast Tumor Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Yanjiang West Road 107#, 510120, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mengdi Zhu
- Breast Tumor Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Yanjiang West Road 107#, 510120, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Breast Tumor Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Yanjiang West Road 107#, 510120, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yiyuan Deng
- The China-Japan Union Hospital of Ji Lin University, Changchun, China
| | - Nianqiu Liu
- Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Yujie Liu
- Breast Tumor Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Yanjiang West Road 107#, 510120, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiang Liu
- Breast Tumor Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Yanjiang West Road 107#, 510120, Guangzhou, China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Ozyurt R, Ozpolat B. Molecular Mechanisms of Anti-Estrogen Therapy Resistance and Novel Targeted Therapies. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:5206. [PMID: 36358625 PMCID: PMC9655708 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14215206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is the most commonly diagnosed cancer in women, constituting one-third of all cancers in women, and it is the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths in the United States. Anti-estrogen therapies, such as selective estrogen receptor modulators, significantly improve survival in estrogen receptor-positive (ER+) BC patients, which represents about 70% of cases. However, about 60% of patients inevitably experience intrinsic or acquired resistance to anti-estrogen therapies, representing a major clinical problem that leads to relapse, metastasis, and patient deaths. The resistance mechanisms involve mutations of the direct targets of anti-estrogen therapies, compensatory survival pathways, as well as alterations in the expression of non-coding RNAs (e.g., microRNA) that regulate the activity of survival and signaling pathways. Although cyclin-dependent kinase 4/6 and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) inhibitors have significantly improved survival, the efficacy of these therapies alone and in combination with anti-estrogen therapy for advanced ER+ BC, are not curative in advanced and metastatic disease. Therefore, understanding the molecular mechanisms causing treatment resistance is critical for developing highly effective therapies and improving patient survival. This review focuses on the key mechanisms that contribute to anti-estrogen therapy resistance and potential new treatment strategies alone and in combination with anti-estrogen drugs to improve the survival of BC patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rumeysa Ozyurt
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Houston Methodist Research Institute, Department of Nanomedicine, 6670 Bertner Ave, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Bulent Ozpolat
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Houston Methodist Research Institute, Department of Nanomedicine, 6670 Bertner Ave, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Thakur C, Qiu Y, Fu Y, Bi Z, Zhang W, Ji H, Chen F. Epigenetics and environment in breast cancer: New paradigms for anti-cancer therapies. Front Oncol 2022; 12:971288. [PMID: 36185256 PMCID: PMC9520778 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.971288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer remains the most frequently diagnosed cancer in women worldwide. Delayed presentation of the disease, late stage at diagnosis, limited therapeutic options, metastasis, and relapse are the major factors contributing to breast cancer mortality. The development and progression of breast cancer is a complex and multi-step process that incorporates an accumulation of several genetic and epigenetic alterations. External environmental factors and internal cellular microenvironmental cues influence the occurrence of these alterations that drives tumorigenesis. Here, we discuss state-of-the-art information on the epigenetics of breast cancer and how environmental risk factors orchestrate major epigenetic events, emphasizing the necessity for a multidisciplinary approach toward a better understanding of the gene-environment interactions implicated in breast cancer. Since epigenetic modifications are reversible and are susceptible to extrinsic and intrinsic stimuli, they offer potential avenues that can be targeted for designing robust breast cancer therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chitra Thakur
- Department of Pathology, Stony Brook Cancer Center, Stony Brook, NY, United States
- Department of Pathology, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, United States
| | - Yiran Qiu
- Department of Pathology, Stony Brook Cancer Center, Stony Brook, NY, United States
| | - Yao Fu
- Department of Pathology, Stony Brook Cancer Center, Stony Brook, NY, United States
| | - Zhuoyue Bi
- Department of Pathology, Stony Brook Cancer Center, Stony Brook, NY, United States
| | - Wenxuan Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Stony Brook Cancer Center, Stony Brook, NY, United States
| | - Haoyan Ji
- Department of Pathology, Stony Brook Cancer Center, Stony Brook, NY, United States
| | - Fei Chen
- Department of Pathology, Stony Brook Cancer Center, Stony Brook, NY, United States
- Department of Pathology, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, United States
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Rahbari R, Rasmi Y, Khadem-Ansari MH, Abdi M. The role of histone deacetylase 3 in breast cancer. Med Oncol 2022; 39:84. [PMID: 35578147 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-022-01681-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2021] [Accepted: 02/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
It has been recently revealed that Histone Deacetylase (HDAC) 3, a unique member of the HDACs family, can trigger and progress cancers by alternation in genes expression and proteins activity. Epigenetic modifications by HDACs have been studied well in various cancer cells. Recent studies have focused on the HDAC enzymes as a possible target in cancer therapy. There are significant documents on upregulation of HDAC3 in breast cancer (BC) cells which suggest an oncogenic role for this enzyme. Interestingly, some studies showed that HDAC3 inhibition could be considered as a promising target in breast cancer therapy, and thus far, several inhibitors from different nature have been introduced. In this review, we discussed the function and highlight the existing inhibitors of HDAC3 in BC pathogenesis and therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rezgar Rahbari
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Yousef Rasmi
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | | | - Mohammad Abdi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Research Institute for Health Development, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran. .,Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Saatci O, Huynh-Dam KT, Sahin O. Endocrine resistance in breast cancer: from molecular mechanisms to therapeutic strategies. J Mol Med (Berl) 2021; 99:1691-1710. [PMID: 34623477 PMCID: PMC8611518 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-021-02136-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Revised: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Estrogen receptor-positive (ER +) breast cancer accounts for approximately 75% of all breast cancers. Endocrine therapies, including selective ER modulators (SERMs), aromatase inhibitors (AIs), and selective ER down-regulators (SERDs) provide substantial clinical benefit by reducing the risk of disease recurrence and mortality. However, resistance to endocrine therapies represents a major challenge, limiting the success of ER + breast cancer treatment. Mechanisms of endocrine resistance involve alterations in ER signaling via modulation of ER (e.g., ER downregulation, ESR1 mutations or fusions); alterations in ER coactivators/corepressors, transcription factors (TFs), nuclear receptors and epigenetic modulators; regulation of signaling pathways; modulation of cell cycle regulators; stress signaling; and alterations in tumor microenvironment, nutrient stress, and metabolic regulation. Current therapeutic strategies to improve outcome of endocrine-resistant patients in clinics include inhibitors against mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR), cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) 4/6, and the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) subunit, p110α. Preclinical studies reveal novel therapeutic targets, some of which are currently tested in clinical trials as single agents or in combination with endocrine therapies, such as ER partial agonists, ER proteolysis targeting chimeras (PROTACs), next-generation SERDs, AKT inhibitors, epidermal growth factor receptor 1 and 2 (EGFR/HER2) dual inhibitors, HER2 targeting antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) and histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors. In this review, we summarize the established and emerging mechanisms of endocrine resistance, alterations during metastatic recurrence, and discuss the approved therapies and ongoing clinical trials testing the combination of novel targeted therapies with endocrine therapy in endocrine-resistant ER + breast cancer patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ozge Saatci
- Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, University of South Carolina, 715, Sumter Street, CLS609D, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA
| | - Kim-Tuyen Huynh-Dam
- Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, University of South Carolina, 715, Sumter Street, CLS609D, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA
| | - Ozgur Sahin
- Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, University of South Carolina, 715, Sumter Street, CLS609D, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Li W, Wu H, Sui S, Wang Q, Xu S, Pang D. Targeting Histone Modifications in Breast Cancer: A Precise Weapon on the Way. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:736935. [PMID: 34595180 PMCID: PMC8476812 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.736935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Histone modifications (HMs) contribute to maintaining genomic stability, transcription, DNA repair, and modulating chromatin in cancer cells. Furthermore, HMs are dynamic and reversible processes that involve interactions between numerous enzymes and molecular components. Aberrant HMs are strongly associated with tumorigenesis and progression of breast cancer (BC), although the specific mechanisms are not completely understood. Moreover, there is no comprehensive overview of abnormal HMs in BC, and BC therapies that target HMs are still in their infancy. Therefore, this review summarizes the existing evidence regarding HMs that are involved in BC and the potential mechanisms that are related to aberrant HMs. Moreover, this review examines the currently available agents and approved drugs that have been tested in pre-clinical and clinical studies to evaluate their effects on HMs. Finally, this review covers the barriers to the clinical application of therapies that target HMs, and possible strategies that could help overcome these barriers and accelerate the use of these therapies to cure patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Li
- Harbin Medical University Third Hospital: Tumor Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Hao Wu
- Harbin Medical University Third Hospital: Tumor Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Shiyao Sui
- Harbin Medical University Third Hospital: Tumor Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Qin Wang
- Harbin Medical University Third Hospital: Tumor Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Shouping Xu
- Harbin Medical University Third Hospital: Tumor Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Da Pang
- Harbin Medical University Third Hospital: Tumor Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.,Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Harbin, China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Dittmer J. Nuclear Mechanisms Involved in Endocrine Resistance. Front Oncol 2021; 11:736597. [PMID: 34604071 PMCID: PMC8480308 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.736597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Endocrine therapy is a standard treatment offered to patients with ERα (estrogen receptor α)-positive breast cancer. In endocrine therapy, ERα is either directly targeted by anti-estrogens or indirectly by aromatase inhibitors which cause estrogen deficiency. Resistance to these drugs (endocrine resistance) compromises the efficiency of this treatment and requires additional measures. Endocrine resistance is often caused by deregulation of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway and/or cyclin-dependent kinase 4 and 6 activities allowing inhibitors of these factors to be used clinically to counteract endocrine resistance. The nuclear mechanisms involved in endocrine resistance are beginning to emerge. Exploring these mechanisms may reveal additional druggable targets, which could help to further improve patients' outcome in an endocrine resistance setting. This review intends to summarize our current knowledge on the nuclear mechanisms linked to endocrine resistance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jürgen Dittmer
- Clinic for Gynecology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Zhou J, Shen R, Zhou HB, Huang J. OBHS impairs the viability of breast cancer via decreasing ERα and Atg13. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2021; 573:69-75. [PMID: 34388457 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2021.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer (BRCA) is one of the most threatening cancer types, especially among the female population. 70% of breast cancer are estrogen receptor α (ERα) positive and endocrine therapy is effective to decrease breast cancer risk. Autophagy, a highly conserved cellular recycling process, has been regarded to serve a protective role in BRCA. Autophagy-related gene 13 (Atg13) is participated in autophagy and is critical to autophagy initiation. Briefly, we observed that ERα, a well-known transcription factor that can promote breast cancer cell proliferation, expressed higher in breast cancer tissues. Moreover, ERα had a significant positive correlation with Atg13 and may be able to regulate the transcription of Atg13 via binding the promoter region of Atg13. Surprisingly, Oxabicycloheptene sulfonate (OBHS), the drug that we reported as a selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM) before, may have the ability to decrease the expression of ERα and suppress the autophagy. In conclusion. We found that ERα could be involved in autophagy by binding the promoter of Atg13, and compound OBHS may be able to affect the viability of breast cancer cells by decreasing the expression of ERα and Atg13.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiawei Zhou
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430072, China
| | - Rong Shen
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430072, China
| | - Hai-Bing Zhou
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430071, China
| | - Jian Huang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430072, China.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Su W, Zeng L, Chen W. Moscatilin Suppresses the Breast Cancer Both In Vitro and In Vivo by Inhibiting HDAC3. Dose Response 2021; 19:15593258211001251. [PMID: 33795998 PMCID: PMC7968028 DOI: 10.1177/15593258211001251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Revised: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Moscatilin, a natural compound isolated from the orchid Dendrobium moscatum, has multiple pharmacological actions. The present study investigated the anti-tumor role of moscatilin in breast cancer and elucidated the underlying mechanisms. Cell proliferation, viability, and apoptosis of moscatilin treated MDA-MB-231 cells were determined by CCK-8 assay and flow cytometry. Histone deacetylases (HDACs) expression levels and global acetylated status of breast cancer cells were detected by Western blot and qPCR. Mouse xenograft model was established to evaluate the anti-cancer effects of moscatilin. Moscatilin treatment dose dependently suppressed proliferation and increased apoptosis of breast cancer cells. Moreover, moscatilin administration dramatically repressed tumor growth and extended survival time of mouse model. Mechanistically, moscatilin down-regulated HDAC3 expression, and then enhanced the global acetylated status of histone H3 (H3K9Ac) and H4 (H4K16Ac). Our findings indicate that moscatilin can inhibit the proliferation and promote apoptosis of breast cancer in vitro and in vivo, which suggests that moscatilin can be used as a potential therapeutic agent for the treatment of breast cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenjie Su
- Department of Tumor Surgery, Quanzhou Guangqian Hospital, Meishan Town, Nan'an City, Quanzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Lianfu Zeng
- Department of Tumor Surgery, Quanzhou Guangqian Hospital, Meishan Town, Nan'an City, Quanzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Weida Chen
- Department of Tumor Surgery, Quanzhou Guangqian Hospital, Meishan Town, Nan'an City, Quanzhou, Fujian, China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Hong W, Gu Y, Guan R, Xie D, Zhou H, Yu M. Pan-cancer analysis of the CASP gene family in relation to survival, tumor-infiltrating immune cells and therapeutic targets. Genomics 2020; 112:4304-4315. [PMID: 32682809 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2020.07.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Revised: 07/04/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The cysteinyl aspartate protease (caspase, or CASP) gene family plays a significant role in programmed cell death, inflammation and immunity. However, the correlation between CASP family members and prognosis and tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes in different tumors has not been determined. We investigated the role of CASP genes in cancer prognosis and their relationship with clinicopathological parameters. We also evaluated the correlation between the expression of CASP family members and cancer immune infiltration and evaluated whether these molecules can be used as targets for immunotherapy. The CASP1/2/4/5/7/9 genes may represent prognostic factors and therapeutic targets for breast cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma and pancreatic cancer. Another finding is that the CASP1/4/5 genes help to regulate innate immunity and T cell immunity and may also have an important effect on tumor checkpoint inhibition. These findings may elucidate the roles played by CASP family members in cancer progression and identify strategies to promote collaborative activities in the context of immunotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Weifeng Hong
- Department of Medical Imaging, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China; Morning Star Academic Cooperation, Shanghai, China
| | - YuJun Gu
- Department of Ultrasonic Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - RenGuo Guan
- Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China; The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Daipeng Xie
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haiyu Zhou
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Min Yu
- Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Fei Q, Song F, Jiang X, Hong H, Xu X, Jin Z, Zhu X, Dai B, Yang J, Sui C, Xu M. LncRNA ST8SIA6-AS1 promotes hepatocellular carcinoma cell proliferation and resistance to apoptosis by targeting miR-4656/HDAC11 axis. Cancer Cell Int 2020; 20:232. [PMID: 32536820 PMCID: PMC7288512 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-020-01325-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Dysregulation of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) results in development of human diseases including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Although several HCC related lncRNAs have been reported, the biological functions of many lncRNAs during the development of HCC remains unknown. Methods The expression of ST8SIA6-AS1 was studied by realtime PCR (RT-qPCR) and bioinformatic analysis. The biological functions of ST8SIA6-AS1 was examined by CCK-8 assay and flow cytometry analysis. The target of ST8SIA6-AS1 was analyzed by bioinformatic analysis and validated by dual luciferase reporter assay, western blotting and RT-qPCR. Results In this study we demonstrated that ST8SIA6-AS1 was an upregulated lncRNA in hepatocellular carcinoma. SiRNA-mediated knockdown of ST8SIA6-AS1 repressed cell proliferation and induced cell apoptosis in HCC cells. Bioinformatic analysis and RT-qPCR further showed that ST8SIA6-AS1 mainly located in cytoplasm. Dual luciferase reporter assay further revealed that ST8SIA6-AS1 interacted with miR-4656 in HCC cells. In addition, HDAC11 was identified as a target gene in HCC cells and ST8SIA6-AS1 could upregulate HDAC11 via sponging miR-4656. Transfection of recombinant HDAC11 partially rescued the inhibition of cell proliferation and increase of cell apoptosis inducing by knockdown of ST8SIA6-AS1. Conclusion In conclusion, our findings suggested that ST8SIA6-AS1 was a novel upregulated lncRNA in HCC and could facilitate cell proliferation and resistance to cell apoptosis via sponging miR-4656 and elevation of HDAC11, which might be a promising biomarker for patients with HCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Fei
- Department of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 215001 Suzhou, China
| | - Feihong Song
- Department of Special Treatment and Liver Transplantation, Shanghai Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Shanghai, 200438 China
| | - Xinwei Jiang
- Department of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 215001 Suzhou, China
| | - Han Hong
- Department of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 215001 Suzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyong Xu
- Department of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 215001 Suzhou, China
| | - Zhengkang Jin
- Department of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 215001 Suzhou, China
| | - Xiang Zhu
- Department of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 215001 Suzhou, China
| | - Binghua Dai
- Department of Special Treatment and Liver Transplantation, Shanghai Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Shanghai, 200438 China
| | - Jiamei Yang
- Department of Special Treatment and Liver Transplantation, Shanghai Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Shanghai, 200438 China
| | - Chengjun Sui
- Department of Special Treatment and Liver Transplantation, Shanghai Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Shanghai, 200438 China
| | - Minhui Xu
- Department of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 215001 Suzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|