La simulation en réanimation pédiatrique : état des lieux et perspectives

[Paramedical research, a springboard for nurses in paediatrics]

At once time devoted to medical projects, clinical research in paediatrics opened up to nursing protocols when funding became available to paramedical professionals. Structures are now in place to help researchers carry out their project. The recognition of nursing sciences at university is thereby likely to result in support for such research approaches.

[Simulation training in pulmonary medicine: Rationale, review of the literature and perspectives]

Training in pulmonary medicine requires the acquisition of a great deal of knowledge, but also technical know-how and interpersonal skills. The prevailing teaching pattern is mentorship. It implies a direct transmission of knowledge, but also entails some drawbacks such as disparity in learning opportunities, subjective evaluation of the trainee and potential risks for patients. There is growing interest in simulation training as a teaching technique, where students practice their skills in a secure environment, then analyse their performance in a debriefing session. It is complementary to other learning methods (abstraction, observation or mentorship) and forms part of an ethical approach: 'never practice on a real patient for the first time'. We have reviewed the literature related to simulation training in pulmonary medicine and in particular for physical examination, technical skills, pathologies, communication with patients and therapeutic education. In most of the studies, simulation training is a way of speeding up students' training - without necessarily yielding better results - and of respecting the procedures. We then present the French regulations and official guidelines regarding the use of this training method in the teaching of medicine. Finally, we shall consider some prospects of this approach for the community of pulmonologists.